Presentation Dengue Fever
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Dengue fever
Dengue Fever •Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that causes a severe flu-like illness, and sometimes a potentially lethal complication called dengue haemorrhagic fever. •Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. •Appropriate medical care frequently saves the lives of patients with the more serious dengue haemorrhagic fever. •The only way to prevent dengue virus transmission is to combat the disease-carrying mosquitoes.
Aedes Mosquito with the typical black and white stripes: Cause of Dengue Fever
Aedes aegypti
Dengue fever symptoms
• • • • • • • •
Symptoms are most commonly seen in adults and older children. sudden onset of fever (lasting three to seven days) intense headache (especially behind the eyes) muscle and joint pain (ankles, knees and elbows) unpleasant metallic taste in mouth, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain flushed skin on face and neck, fine skin rashes as fever subsides rashes on arms and legs, severe itching, peeling of skin and hair loss minor bleeding (nose or gums) and heavy menstrual periods extreme fatigue
Dengue haemorrhagic fever symptoms Headache, Fever Rash
& evidence of hemorrhage in the
body. Petechiae (small red or purple blisters under the skin) Bleeding in the nose or gums, black stools, or easy bruising are all possible signs of hemorrhage.
HOW CAN DENGUE FEVER AND DENGUE HEMORRAGHIC FEVER BE TREATED?
Because dengue is caused by a virus, there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. Rest and fluid intake for adequate hydration is important. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and codeine may be given for severe headache and for the joint and muscle pain (myalgia). All patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever need to be hospitalised for fluid therapy and monitoring.
Effective ways to control mosquito bites Indoor mosquito repellent
Mosquito netting
Effective ways to control mosquito bites
ector control
rimary method of controlling Aedes populations is by
depriving female Aedes from pools of water in which i ill lay eggs ,
discarding old tires and modernizing waste-water and solid-waste treatment systems, and
arviciding pools of water to kill larval mosquitoes cou educe Aedes populations.
Assessment / Diagnosis Fever / High temperature( >37.5 celcius)
Objective
-To ensure patient’s temperature comes down to normal. (36.5 -37 celcius)
Nursing Intervention -Monitor vital signs every 4 hours and also monitor lab reports of WBC’s.
-Do tepid sponging when the temperature is >38.5 celcius. -Give proper ventilation. -Provide adequate fluid, 2-3litres per day.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To detect any elevation in temperature and any infection. toxicity.
-temperature went down to 37 celcius after 1 hour.
-To bring down temperature and avoid dehydration.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
Evaluation
-Send blood specimen to lab for –FBC and dengue serology.
-To detect any elevation and to check disease progression.
- FBC shown normal level.
-Monitor IV and check for any signs of bleeding.
-To prevent dehydration and bleeding.
Assessment / Diagnosis Nausea and vomiting related to dengue fever
Objective
Nursing Intervention
-Monitor -To ensure frequency,conte patient is free nt,amount and from nausea colour of vomit.
and vomiting. -Monitor vital sign. -Advise patient to have small and frequent meal. -Give thymol gargle after vomitting.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To check fluid loss. -No vomiting and nausea seen. -To prevent deterioration of health. -To gain -Patient able energy and to to take small lessen vomit. amount of food.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
-Encourage patient to drink more fluid, if tolerable.
-Inform Dr about patient’s condition and serve medicine as ordered.
Rationale
-To replace fluid loss and to prevent dehydration.
Evaluation
Assessment / Diagnosis Headache related to dengue fever
Objective
-To lessen headache.
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Ensure the -To give environment is adequate rest quiet and for patient. restrict visitors. -Provide -To make sure ventilation : patient rest in Switch on fan comfort. and ask patient to wear thin and loose clothes. -Advise patient -To prevent not to bend too increased ICP. long,chew hard food.
Evaluation
-No complaint of headache from patient.
-Patient feeling comfortable and able to sleep with no complaint.
Assessment / Diagnosis Potential bleeding related to dengue fever.
Objective
-To prevent bleeding.
Nursing Intervention -Assess patient for any sign of bleeding: (petechiae,gu m/nasal bleeding, maelena stool, hematuria, increased menstrual flow. -Monitor vital sign.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To detect bleeding and to prevent hypovolemic shock.
-No bleeding detected.
-No hypovolemic shock seen.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Obtain FBC, BD/TDS/QID, according to Dr’s order.
-To check hb level & to detect bleeding.
-Inform Dr if there is any sign of bleeding.
-For further management to prevent shock.
Evaluation
Assessment / Diagnosis Potential dehydration related to dengue fever.
Objective
-To prevent dehydration.
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Assess -To detect patient for sign dehydration. of dehydration: (skin integrity, tongue, urine concentration). -Monitor BUSE -To detect / FBC results. potassium, sodium loss. -Monitor vital sign.
Evaluation
- No dehydration, skin integrity good and no urine concentration seen. -BUSE show normal level.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Encourage -To replace patient to drink fluid loss. more fluid, 2 to 3 litres per day. -Inform Dr if there is any sign of dehydration.
-For further medical management.
Evaluation
Health Education
Vector control
-
Proper solid waste disposal and improved water storage practices, including covering containers to prevent access by egg-laying female mosquitoes.
Health Education
Simple personal protection
- Wearing long sleeves, applying insect repellent, and avoiding locations with high vector densities, is also important.
Group 1 Gayathre Doraisamy Dinaashini Celleba Munyan Devi Hemanisha Asha Julie Alwin V.Raghavan
Gayathiri Amelia Alex Deepa
Dengue Fever •Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that causes a severe flu-like illness, and sometimes a potentially lethal complication called dengue haemorrhagic fever. •Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. •Appropriate medical care frequently saves the lives of patients with the more serious dengue haemorrhagic fever. •The only way to prevent dengue virus transmission is to combat the disease-carrying mosquitoes.
Aedes Mosquito with the typical black and white stripes: Cause of Dengue Fever
Aedes aegypti
Dengue fever symptoms
• • • • • • • •
Symptoms are most commonly seen in adults and older children. sudden onset of fever (lasting three to seven days) intense headache (especially behind the eyes) muscle and joint pain (ankles, knees and elbows) unpleasant metallic taste in mouth, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain flushed skin on face and neck, fine skin rashes as fever subsides rashes on arms and legs, severe itching, peeling of skin and hair loss minor bleeding (nose or gums) and heavy menstrual periods extreme fatigue
Dengue haemorrhagic fever symptoms Headache, Fever Rash
& evidence of hemorrhage in the
body. Petechiae (small red or purple blisters under the skin) Bleeding in the nose or gums, black stools, or easy bruising are all possible signs of hemorrhage.
HOW CAN DENGUE FEVER AND DENGUE HEMORRAGHIC FEVER BE TREATED?
Because dengue is caused by a virus, there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. Rest and fluid intake for adequate hydration is important. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and codeine may be given for severe headache and for the joint and muscle pain (myalgia). All patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever need to be hospitalised for fluid therapy and monitoring.
Effective ways to control mosquito bites Indoor mosquito repellent
Mosquito netting
Effective ways to control mosquito bites
ector control
rimary method of controlling Aedes populations is by
depriving female Aedes from pools of water in which i ill lay eggs ,
discarding old tires and modernizing waste-water and solid-waste treatment systems, and
arviciding pools of water to kill larval mosquitoes cou educe Aedes populations.
Assessment / Diagnosis Fever / High temperature( >37.5 celcius)
Objective
-To ensure patient’s temperature comes down to normal. (36.5 -37 celcius)
Nursing Intervention -Monitor vital signs every 4 hours and also monitor lab reports of WBC’s.
-Do tepid sponging when the temperature is >38.5 celcius. -Give proper ventilation. -Provide adequate fluid, 2-3litres per day.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To detect any elevation in temperature and any infection. toxicity.
-temperature went down to 37 celcius after 1 hour.
-To bring down temperature and avoid dehydration.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
Evaluation
-Send blood specimen to lab for –FBC and dengue serology.
-To detect any elevation and to check disease progression.
- FBC shown normal level.
-Monitor IV and check for any signs of bleeding.
-To prevent dehydration and bleeding.
Assessment / Diagnosis Nausea and vomiting related to dengue fever
Objective
Nursing Intervention
-Monitor -To ensure frequency,conte patient is free nt,amount and from nausea colour of vomit.
and vomiting. -Monitor vital sign. -Advise patient to have small and frequent meal. -Give thymol gargle after vomitting.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To check fluid loss. -No vomiting and nausea seen. -To prevent deterioration of health. -To gain -Patient able energy and to to take small lessen vomit. amount of food.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
-Encourage patient to drink more fluid, if tolerable.
-Inform Dr about patient’s condition and serve medicine as ordered.
Rationale
-To replace fluid loss and to prevent dehydration.
Evaluation
Assessment / Diagnosis Headache related to dengue fever
Objective
-To lessen headache.
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Ensure the -To give environment is adequate rest quiet and for patient. restrict visitors. -Provide -To make sure ventilation : patient rest in Switch on fan comfort. and ask patient to wear thin and loose clothes. -Advise patient -To prevent not to bend too increased ICP. long,chew hard food.
Evaluation
-No complaint of headache from patient.
-Patient feeling comfortable and able to sleep with no complaint.
Assessment / Diagnosis Potential bleeding related to dengue fever.
Objective
-To prevent bleeding.
Nursing Intervention -Assess patient for any sign of bleeding: (petechiae,gu m/nasal bleeding, maelena stool, hematuria, increased menstrual flow. -Monitor vital sign.
Rationale
Evaluation
-To detect bleeding and to prevent hypovolemic shock.
-No bleeding detected.
-No hypovolemic shock seen.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Obtain FBC, BD/TDS/QID, according to Dr’s order.
-To check hb level & to detect bleeding.
-Inform Dr if there is any sign of bleeding.
-For further management to prevent shock.
Evaluation
Assessment / Diagnosis Potential dehydration related to dengue fever.
Objective
-To prevent dehydration.
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Assess -To detect patient for sign dehydration. of dehydration: (skin integrity, tongue, urine concentration). -Monitor BUSE -To detect / FBC results. potassium, sodium loss. -Monitor vital sign.
Evaluation
- No dehydration, skin integrity good and no urine concentration seen. -BUSE show normal level.
Assessment / Diagnosis
Objective
Nursing Intervention
Rationale
-Encourage -To replace patient to drink fluid loss. more fluid, 2 to 3 litres per day. -Inform Dr if there is any sign of dehydration.
-For further medical management.
Evaluation
Health Education
Vector control
-
Proper solid waste disposal and improved water storage practices, including covering containers to prevent access by egg-laying female mosquitoes.
Health Education
Simple personal protection
- Wearing long sleeves, applying insect repellent, and avoiding locations with high vector densities, is also important.
Group 1 Gayathre Doraisamy Dinaashini Celleba Munyan Devi Hemanisha Asha Julie Alwin V.Raghavan
Gayathiri Amelia Alex Deepa
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