Preperation Of Tnt
This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA
Overview
Download & View Preperation Of Tnt as PDF for free.
More details
- Words: 588
- Pages: 19
PREPERATION OF TRI NITRO TOULENE(TNT) BY MIXED ACID (HNO3+H2SO4)
PROCESS DISCRIPTION
The Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Process of trinitro toluene(TNT) can be configured to react toluene and mixed acid(HNO3+H2SO4).
The default configuration reacts Toluene (reactant A) with mixed acid (reactant B), an endothermic rxn, to produce TNT (product C)
Production of mononitro toluene and dinitro toluene are the side rxns Reactants A and B are fed to the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) where they are completely mixed with a motorized agitator.
Reactant A and B feedstock assume to come from storage tanks. The reactor is sized to convert most of reactant A to product. The feed molar ratio of reactant B to reactant A is maintained at 1:3 according to the equation considered for this rxn.
The product streams of MNT, DNT and TNT are taken through a series of continuous stirred tank reactors where as spent acid which also formed during the process is separated out, purified, and recycled back to the reactor through different techniques
PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION STEPS INVOLVE IN THE PREPERATION OF TNT
The reactants A and B are introduced from the source through valves and their flow and level can be measured by flow and level sensors. Since level measurement has direct influence on pressure and temperature so they both are measured and indicated by TI and PI respectively.
The feed block valve can be opened and closed, when the fluid attains the specific level. The reactor contents are mixed by a motorized agitator which can be turned on and off with switch and whose speed can be controlled with controller
Reactor temperature is indicated by TIC, which controls the reactor temperature by modulating the cooling and heating flows to the reactor jacket respectively. Total flow through the reactor j is indicated by FI.
Reactor pressure is controlled by PIC, which modulates the reactor effluent flow, indicated by FI. The reactor effluent block valve can be opened and closed with switch HV. PI indicates product discharge pressure. The above all operations are linked with controller and can monitored in control room.
LEVEL CONTROL OF PROCESS WITH P N ID
Toluene and mixed acid is sent into 1st tank reactor where two ultra sonic level sensor are present, one is at the top other is at the bottom
Level sensor are present, one is at the top other is at the bottom. when level of stream reaches the top level at preset value of set point, the sensor comes in to action, it senses the value of level, which can be seen on level indicator then this manipulated variable value goes to level transmitter , which converts this value in to standared signals.
Level transmitter sends this signals to controller, controller sends signal to final control element(valves) and final control element stops the flow of incoming feed for a time being and agitation starts.
After 15min when MNT is formed, agitation stops. Then we leaves system for at least half hour to settles down spent acid which is removed from the bottom.
After removing spent acid, out put valves opens and MNT drains off in to an other reactor. when stream just reaches the set value, it is sensed by lower sensor and transmitted towards controller which sends signals to I/P converter and again input valves open and this process continues till the end the process.
PIPING AND INSTRUMENTAL DIAGRAM
CREATED BY: S.M ARIF
PROCESS DISCRIPTION
The Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Process of trinitro toluene(TNT) can be configured to react toluene and mixed acid(HNO3+H2SO4).
The default configuration reacts Toluene (reactant A) with mixed acid (reactant B), an endothermic rxn, to produce TNT (product C)
Production of mononitro toluene and dinitro toluene are the side rxns Reactants A and B are fed to the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) where they are completely mixed with a motorized agitator.
Reactant A and B feedstock assume to come from storage tanks. The reactor is sized to convert most of reactant A to product. The feed molar ratio of reactant B to reactant A is maintained at 1:3 according to the equation considered for this rxn.
The product streams of MNT, DNT and TNT are taken through a series of continuous stirred tank reactors where as spent acid which also formed during the process is separated out, purified, and recycled back to the reactor through different techniques
PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION STEPS INVOLVE IN THE PREPERATION OF TNT
The reactants A and B are introduced from the source through valves and their flow and level can be measured by flow and level sensors. Since level measurement has direct influence on pressure and temperature so they both are measured and indicated by TI and PI respectively.
The feed block valve can be opened and closed, when the fluid attains the specific level. The reactor contents are mixed by a motorized agitator which can be turned on and off with switch and whose speed can be controlled with controller
Reactor temperature is indicated by TIC, which controls the reactor temperature by modulating the cooling and heating flows to the reactor jacket respectively. Total flow through the reactor j is indicated by FI.
Reactor pressure is controlled by PIC, which modulates the reactor effluent flow, indicated by FI. The reactor effluent block valve can be opened and closed with switch HV. PI indicates product discharge pressure. The above all operations are linked with controller and can monitored in control room.
LEVEL CONTROL OF PROCESS WITH P N ID
Toluene and mixed acid is sent into 1st tank reactor where two ultra sonic level sensor are present, one is at the top other is at the bottom
Level sensor are present, one is at the top other is at the bottom. when level of stream reaches the top level at preset value of set point, the sensor comes in to action, it senses the value of level, which can be seen on level indicator then this manipulated variable value goes to level transmitter , which converts this value in to standared signals.
Level transmitter sends this signals to controller, controller sends signal to final control element(valves) and final control element stops the flow of incoming feed for a time being and agitation starts.
After 15min when MNT is formed, agitation stops. Then we leaves system for at least half hour to settles down spent acid which is removed from the bottom.
After removing spent acid, out put valves opens and MNT drains off in to an other reactor. when stream just reaches the set value, it is sensed by lower sensor and transmitted towards controller which sends signals to I/P converter and again input valves open and this process continues till the end the process.
PIPING AND INSTRUMENTAL DIAGRAM
CREATED BY: S.M ARIF
Related Documents
Preperation Of Tnt
June 2020 1
Tnt
May 2020 21
Tnt
May 2020 18
Preperation Sepep
June 2020 2
Summer Preperation
April 2020 27