มัลติเพิลอัลลีนควบคุมหมู่เลือด Abo

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 ABO  .. 1901 .   (K.Landsteiner) " #$%&'($ )*%'+,-. / 4 &'($ 1-23-45.55-2.2.6.*% '7 ) % 89:% .5;2. 5 ;<=:>5? '7 ) % 6

5#=<=:-($ 8+$'<@245.55-2.3 &'($ )<3A% 4 &'($'=%6.#3%=A ) &'($ ) %6.#*% ) <@245.55-2.3# 5#=

5 ;

5#=

5#= A

5# B A A B + B B A + AB AB + + O O A,B + =   !"
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O A B AB ++ = + = =

'  "()*  () >("3# O A B AB + + + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ ++   !"
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 MN  .. 1927 .   ( K.Landsteiner ) 6 J=. ?= ( P.Levine ) ""J#

5 ;M5&'$'+,- ) 5 ; M 6 5 ; N $'$J# 5#=AM 6 5 #=A N $2%.2-*%'+,- 6'$2'2P3% 26& 5#=A M 6 N $2%.2-*%'+,-

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codominance) 3%3A<=:'=&'($ ) M,N

6 MN ;6'=-=1<Y3%=A Z1<Y (&'($ )) -=1<Y &'($ M LMLM &'($ N LNLN &'($ MN LMLN  .. 1974 ?8 (Walsh) 6 '<1. '= (Montgomety) ""J# 5 ; M5&'$=. 2 M5 ) 5 ; S 6 s 89:% .$2%;2. 5 ; M 6 N =-.&'($ ) M5&'$*%=A?$2&'($ ) Ss -=<=:?#+'&'($ ) Ss '=@2 &$%-($M5.3#@2 &$%*%-=<=: ?#+'&'($ ) MN '2. ;'$2'2P .585%1 ?*9A6&?$2%-=<3A% 2 @2 &$% -=<3A% 2 @2 &$%=A;9%'3.;6"?-.3 3%3A;9%+1'?$2 /-=@2 &$% =-?.3 89:%6.#"?--= 4 3= ) LMS , LMs ,LNS 6 LNs -=<3A% 4 3= %3.,T6 $$?'.3 (codominance) <@2&" '=Z1<Y ##$2% a <3A%&' 9 ## 3%=A)

Genotype LMS LMS LMS LMs LMs LMs LMS LNS LMS LNs LMsLNs LMs LNS LNS LNS LNS LNs LNs LNs

5 ;<=:>5 <@245.55-2.3# 5#= (Phenotype) 5#= M 5#= N 5#= S MS + + MSs + + Ms + MNS + + + MNSs + + + MNSs + + + MNs + + NS + + NSs + + Ns + + = .545.5 5-2.2.6.*% '7 ) % = '$ .545.55-2.2.6.*% '7 ) %

5#= s + + + + + + +