Hajj – Pilgrimage To Makkah 2(scribd)

BRIEF OUTLINE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF HAJJ & UMRAH

By Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail Singapore

1

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: Rukun (plural ‘Arkaan’):

It means “essential”. Aspects which must be fulfilled for the validity for Umrah or for Hajj. Failure in its fulfilment will cause the Hajj or Umrah to be null and void. Wajibaat (or ‘wajib’): It means “obligatory”. Aspects which must be fulfilled; failure to performed without valid reason constitutes a sin but does not nullify the Hajj or Umrah. 2

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: Mustahab (or ‘Sunnat’):

It means “recommended” actions in the rites amongst those shown by the Prophet s.a.w. Performance of which is for perfection of the rites but failure to do so does not constitute a sin. Dam : It means literally “blood” but generally refers to “sacrifice” or other forms of penalties (depending upon the gravity of the offence) to be offered for violation of restrictions in the rites of Hajj or Umrah. 3

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: MIQAT :

It means point of entry at border of the Holy land of Makkah termed as “miqat makani”. Pilgrims must enter into a state of Ihram before going beyond this point. It also refers to the months in which Hajj is to be performed termed as “miqat zamani”. When arriving for the first time into the Holy territory, one must ensure to enter into state of IHRAM at or prior to passing the appropriate MIQAT. 4

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: IHRAM :

It means to be in the “state of devotion” in which certain things becomes forbidden for the devotee. TALBIYYAH : The chanting of “LabaykAllaahum-malabayk…..” in acknowledging Allah’s call for performing pilgrimage. This imply one’s state of devotion as a pilgrim, ever ready to do God’s bidding and journeying towards the One and Only God, as His guest. 5

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: WUQUF :

It means “standing” referring to the great gathering i.e. presence of pilgrims in Arafah on the 9 Zulhijjah. This is the most important rites in Hajj.* Pilgrims prepare to leaving MAKKAH on the 8th Zulhijjah is called Yaum atTarwiyyah. Although some may move to MINA and spend the night there (Sunnah), to avoid inconvenience, many would go direct to Arafah for the night.

* Those who cannot be in Arafah from Noon of 9th until Dawn, would be deemed to have not attained Hajj.

6

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: TAWAF :

It means ‘circumambulation’ i.e. making seven circuits round the Ka’abah, performed in a state of ritual purity. Although there are various kinds - viz. Tawaf Qudum, Tawaf Umrah, Tawaf for Hajj (Ifadah), Tawaf for both Haj & Umrah, Tawaf Nazar, Tawaf Sunnat, Tawaf Wada’ – the acts to be performed generally is identical (seven circuits) except for the intention. 7

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: SA’I :

It refers to the running between the hills of Safa and Marwah, re-enacting the event performed by Siti Hajar. Start at Mount Safa towards Marwah (counted as one circuit) and the seventh circuit will end in Mount Marwah. Unlike Tawaf, state of ritual purity (i.e. in ablution) is preferred but not essential. 8

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Understanding terms: JAMRAH : It refers to 3 pillars in Mina which pilgrims will carry out the ‘stoning’. The names of these are “Jamrah Ula, Wusta and Aqabah”. Tahallul : It means ‘making it lawful”. To shave or to shorten (trim) hair indicating completion of rites thereby making oneself free from previous constraints of the (Ihram) devotion. 9

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

10

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

TYPES OF HAJJ performance which one can choose to do ENTRY INTO MAKKAH “Al-Haj-ju ash-huu-rum-ma’-luu-maat” In the months of Shawal, Zul-qa’dah and Zul-Hijjah

HAJJ-E-IFRAD

Means “single”. Ihram adopted for performance of Hajj

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

HAJJ-E-TAMATTU’ Means “taking advantage”. Ihram for Umrah adopted when entering Makkah, and completes ‘Tahallul’ (exit from Ihram state). When time for Arafat, to enter Ihram for Hajj. (Sacrifice of a sheep is required for this type of Hajj).

HAJJ-E-QIRAN Ihram for both Umrah and Hajj adopted when entering Makkah, and perform Umrah and remains in state of Ihram until completes all the rites of Hajj.

11

COMPARISION BETWEEN HAJJ AND UMRAH (BASED ON ITS ESSENTIAL & OBLIGATORY)

   

UMRAH

NIAT & IHRAM TAWAF for UMRAH SA’I for UMRAH TAHALLUL

  

HAJJ

NIAT & IHRAM WUQUF Return from Arafat  Night at

MUZDALIFAH  Stoning of JAMRAH  Night stay in MINA  TAWAF FOR HAJJ (Ifaadhah)  SA’I FOR HAJJ  TAHALLUL 12

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

What are the important rites for Umrah? NIAT & IHRAM at MIQAT TAWAF (UMRAH) SA’I (UMRAH) TAHALLUL (ACCORDING TO THE ORDER)

13

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

What are the important rites for Hajj?    

   

NIAT & IHRAM (at MIQAT) TAWAF QUDUM (for Ifrad & Qiran) WUQUF Return from Arafat  Night at MUZDALIFAH  Stoning of JAMRAH AQABAH in MINA.  Sacrifice animal at MINA.  Nights stay in MINA and carry out stoning the three Jamrah. TAWAF FOR HAJJ (Ifaadhah) SA’I FOR HAJJ (if not performed after Tawaf Qudum) TAHALLUL According to the acceptable order

14

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

RULES ON ENTERING STATE OF IHRAM

15

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

STEPS FOR ENTERING INTO STATE OF IHRAM (for Hajj and Umrah)  To shorten nails; remove unwanted hair under armpits and around genitals; trim moustache.

 Sunnat (Mustahab i.e. recommended)

 Have a hair-cut or shaving of head.

 Sunnat (Mustahab)

 Take a bath intending for “IHRAM.”  Perfuming body.  Putting on the garment for IHRAM, preferably facing Qiblat.  Offer 2 raka’at Solat Sunnah for IHRAM.  Make intention (NIYYAT) and followed by TALBIYYAH. ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

 Sunnat (Mustahab)  Sunnat (Mustahab)  Removing stitched clothing and headgear is Wajib; facing Qiblat is Sunnat (Mustahab)  Sunnah (Mustahab)  Intention (NIYYAT) is Rukun while reciting TALBIYYAH is 16 Sunnat (Mustahab)

EXAMPLE #1

FOR TYPE OF HAJJ: IFRAD ENTRY INTO MAKKAH “Al-Haj-ju ash-huu-rum-ma’-luu-maat” In the months of Shawal, Zul-qa’dah and Zul-Hijjah

HAJJ-E-IFRAD

Means “single”. Ihram adopted for performance of Hajj

IF THIS TYPE IS CHOSEN IN DOING THE HAJJ …….. 17

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #1

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-E-IFRAD “Allaahum-ma-innii urii - dul- HAJJA- fa yas-sir-hu-li wa taqab-bal-hu-min-nii. Na-wai-tul Hajja wa Ahramtu bihi mukhlisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Hajj, so You make it easy for me and accept it on my behalf. I declare this intention for Hajj and enter into its state of Ihram for the sake of Allah, the Most High.”

18

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #1

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-E-IFRAD “Allaahum-ma-innii urii - dul- HAJJA- fa yas-sir-hu-li wa taqab-bal-hu-min-nii. Na-wai-tul Hajja wa Ahramtu bihi mukhlisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Hajj, so You make it easy for me and accept it on my behalf. I declare this intention for Hajj and enter into its state of Ihram for the sake of Allah, the Most High.”

Recite Talbiyyah beginning with : “Lab-baykAllaahumma - Hajjan” Meaning “Here I am O Allah (at your service) to do Hajj !” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

19

EXAMPLE #1

AFTER MAKING THE INTENTION TO RECITE THE ‘TALBIYYAH’

TALBIYYAH (The acknowledgement of the call)

 “Here I am O Allah! Here I am ! Here I am, for there is no one who is Your partner (associate), here I am! Surely, all praise and blessings are Yours (alone) and the dominion. You are (One) without companion.”

“Lab-bayk Allaahum-ma labbayk, Lab-baykalaa-sha-reeka laka lab-bayk. In-nalHamda, wan- ni’ -mata, -laka walMulk, Laa-sha-ree(When Talbiyyah has been declared after intention, one is deem to be in ka-lak.” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

IHRAM) 20

EXAMPLE #2

FOR TYPE OF HAJJ: TAMATTU’ ENTRY INTO MAKKAH “Al-Haj-ju ash-huu-rum-ma’-luu-maat” In the months of Shawal, Zul-qa’dah and Zul-Hijjah

HAJJ-E-TAMATTU’ Means “taking advantage”. Ihram for Umrah adopted when entering Makkah, and completes ‘Tahallul’ (exit from Ihram state). When time for Arafat, to enter Ihram for Hajj. IF THIS TYPE IS CHOSEN DOING THE HAJJ……. (Sacrifice of IN a sheep is required for this type of Hajj).

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

21

EXAMPLE #2

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-ETAMATTU’ “Allaahum-ma-innii urii-dul- ‘UMRATAfa yas-sir-ha-li wa ta-qab-bal-ha-minnii. Na-wai-tul ‘Umrata wa Ahramtu biha mukh-lisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Umrah, so You make it easy for me and accept it on my behalf. I declare this intention for Umrah and enter into its state of Ihram for the sake of Allah, the Most High.”

22

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #2

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-ETAMATTU’ “Allaahum-ma-innii urii-dul- ‘UMRATAfa yas-sir-ha-li wa ta-qab-bal-ha-minnii. Na-wai-tul ‘Umrata wa Ahramtu biha mukh-lisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Umrah, so You make it easy for me and accept it on my behalf. I declare this intention for Umrah and enter into its state of Ihram for the sake of Allah, the Most High.”

Recite Talbiyyah beginning with : “Lab-baykAllaahumma umratan ” Meaning “Here I am O Allah (at your service) to do Umrah !” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

23

EXAMPLE #2

AFTER MAKING THE INTENTION TO RECITE THE ‘TALBIYYAH’

TALBIYYAH (The acknowledgement of the call) “Lab-bayk Allaahum-ma labbayk, Lab-baykalaa-sha-reeka laka lab-bayk. In-nalHamda, wanni’-mata,-laka walMulk, Laa-sha-reeka-lak.” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

 “Here I am O Allah! Here I am ! Here I am, for there is no one who is Your partner (associate), here I am! Surely, all praise and blessings are Yours (alone) and the dominion. You are (One) without companion.” 24

EXAMPLE #2

AFTER MAKING THE INTENTION TO RECITE THE ‘TALBIYYAH’

TALBIYYAH (The acknowledgement of the call)

 “Here I am O Allah! Here I am ! Here I am, for there is no one who is Your partner (associate), here I am! Surely, all praise and blessings are Yours (alone) and the dominion. You are (One) without companion.”

“Lab-bayk Allaahum-ma labbayk, Lab-baykalaa-sha-reeka laka lab-bayk. In-nalHamda, wanni’-mata,-laka walMulk, Laa-sha-ree(When Talbiyyah has been declared after intention, one is deem to be in ka-lak.” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

IHRAM) 25

EXAMPLE #3

FOR TYPE OF HAJJ : QIRAN ENTRY INTO MAKKAH “Al-Haj-ju ash-huu-rum-ma’-luu-maat” In the months of Shawal, Zul-qa’dah and Zul-Hijjah

HAJJ-E-QIRAN Ihram for both Umrah and Hajj adopted when entering Makkah, and perform Umrah and remains in state of Ihram until completes all the rites of Hajj.

IF THIS TYPE IS CHOSEN IN DOING THE HAJJ ….…. 26

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #3

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-E-QIRAN “Allaahum-ma-innii urii-dul- ‘UMRATAWAL-HAJJ- fa yassir-huma-li wa taqab-bal-huma-minnii. Na-wai-tul ‘Umrata -wal -Hajjawa Ahramtu bihima mukh-lisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Umrah and Hajj, so You make both of them easy for me and accept both of them on my behalf. I declare this intention for Umrah and Hajj and enter into its state of Ihram for both of them, for the sake of Allah, the Most High.” 27

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #3

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-E-QIRAN “Allaahum-ma-innii urii-dul- ‘UMRATAWAL-HAJJ- fa yassir-huma-li wa taqab-bal-huma-minnii. Na-wai-tul ‘Umrata -wal -Hajjawa Ahramtu bihima mukh-lisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Umrah and Hajj, so You make both of them easy for me and accept both of them on my behalf. I declare this intention for Umrah and Hajj and enter into its state of Ihram for both of them, for the sake of Allah, the Most High.” 28

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #3

INTENTION (NIYAT) When one is performing

HAJJ-E-QIRAN “Allaahum-ma-innii urii-dul- ‘UMRATAWAL-HAJJ- fa yassir-huma-li wa taqab-bal-huma-minnii. Na-wai-tul ‘Umrata -wal -Hajjawa Ahramtu bihima mukh-lisan lil-laa-hi ta-’aala.”

 “O Allah, I want to perform the Umrah and Hajj, so You make both of them easy for me and accept both of them on my behalf. I declare this intention for Umrah and Hajj and enter into its state of Ihram for both of them, for the sake of Allah, the Most High.”

Recite Talbiyyah beginning with : “Lab-baykAllaahumma umratan wa-Hajjan” Meaning “Here I am O Allah (at your service to do) Umrah and Hajj !” 29 ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

EXAMPLE #3

AFTER MAKING THE INTENTION TO RECITE THE ‘TALBIYYAH’

TALBIYYAH (The acknowledgement of the call) “Lab-bayk Allaahum-ma labbayk, Lab-baykalaa-sha-reeka laka lab-bayk. In-nalHamda, wanni’-mata,-laka walMulk, Laa-sha-reeka-lak.” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

 “Here I am O Allah! Here I am ! Here I am, for there is no one who is Your partner (associate), here I am ! Surely, all praise and blessings are Yours (alone) and the dominion. You are (One) without companion.” 30

EXAMPLE #3

AFTER MAKING THE INTENTION TO RECITE THE ‘TALBIYYAH’

TALBIYYAH (The acknowledgement of the call)

 “Here I am O Allah! Here I am ! Here I am, for there is no one who is Your partner (associate), here I am ! Surely, all praise and blessings are Yours (alone) and the dominion. You are (One) without companion.”

“Lab-bayk Allaahum-ma labbayk, Lab-baykalaa-sha-reeka laka lab-bayk. In-nalHamda, wanni’-mata,-laka walMulk, Laa-sha-ree(When Talbiyyah has been declared after intention, one is deem to be in ka-lak.” ©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

IHRAM) 31

“BY WHICHEVER METHOD, AFTER ENTERING THE STATE OF IHRAM – HE / SHE MUST OBSERVE THE RULES REGARDING IT, ESPECIALLY TO AVOID ACTS FORBIDDEN WHILE IN THIS STATE OF DEVOTION” 32

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

ACTS FORBIDDEN WHILE IN THE STATE OF IHRAM (FOR HAJJ & UMRAH)             

FOR MEN Wearing of stitched clothing Covering the head Wearing shoes, socks, etc. Wearing gloves Perfuming on body, on clothe or on beddings Oiling the head or hair Cutting, biting or trimming nails Shaving, cutting or pulling of one’s hair Hunting Engages in acts that can lead to sexual arousal Engages in sexual intercourse Cutting of trees or removal of plants in the Sacred territory Involve in marriage ceremony

          

FOR WOMEN Covering the face Wearing gloves Perfuming on body, on clothe or on beddings Oiling the head or hair, powdering or using lotion (make-up) and lipstick Cutting, biting or trimming nails Shaving, cutting or pulling of one’s hair Hunting Engages in acts that can lead to sexual arousal Engages in sexual intercourse Cutting of trees or removal of plants in the Sacred territory Involve in marriage ceremony

33

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

ACTS FORBIDDEN WHILE IN THE STATE OF IHRAM (FOR HAJJ & UMRAH)             

FOR MEN FOR WOMEN  Covering the face Wearing of stitched clothing L U  Covering the head Wearing gloves L L A or on  Perfuming on body, on clothe Wearing shoes, socks, etc. H A beddings Wearing gloves T  Oiling the head orRhair, powdering Perfuming on body, on clothe or on TE or using lotion (make-up) and beddings F A lipstick Oiling the head or hair Y biting or trimming nails  Cutting, L N Cutting, biting or trimming nails  OShaving, cutting or pulling of one’s Shaving, cutting or pulling of one’s D hair E hair V  Hunting O Hunting M  Engages in acts that can lead to E to Engages in acts that can R lead sexual arousal S sexual arousal N  Engages in sexual intercourse O I Engages in sexual intercourse Tor removal of plants  Cutting of trees or removal of plants C Cutting of trees I in the Sacred territory R territory in the Sacred T S in marriage ceremony  Involve in marriage ceremony E Involve R 34

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Performing TAWAF 35

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Performing SA’I 36

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Day of PREPARATION FOR ARAFAH ON THE 8TH ZULHIJJAH 37

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Day of WUQUF IN ARAFAH ON THE 9TH ZULHIJJAH 38

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

The Return - NIGHT AT MUZDALIFAH 39

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

The Return “ENTERING MINA ON THE TH 10 ZULHIJJAH” 40

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

The Return “NIGHTS AT MINA ON THE TH TH TH 11 ,12 & 13 OF ZULHIJJAH” 41

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

The Completion of the HAJJ “BACK AT MAKKAH ON THE 12TH Or 13th OF ZULHIJJAH” 42

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail

Bidding Farewell to MAKKAH with TAWAF WADA’ Before departure 43

©2005ZhulkefleeHjIsmail