Mendel’s Laws Of Heredity

10.1 - Mendel’s Laws of Heredity

Parts of a Flower The Male Parts of a Flower

The Female Parts of a Flower

Fertilization in Plants

Self-Pollination: male & female gametes come from the same plant Cross Pollination: male & female gametes come from different plants

Mendel’s Crosses

Hybrid: offspring of parents that have different forms (alleles) of a trait

The Rule of Dominance

7 Traits studied by Mendel

Phenotype vs. Genotype Genotype: the combination of alleles an

organism has (TT, Tt, tt…)  Homozygous: if the 2 alleles for a trait are the

same Homozygous dominant (TT) Homozygous recessive (tt)

 Heterozygous: if the 2 alleles for a trait are

different (Tt) Phenotype: the actual characteristic (tall,

short, ….)

Punnett Square: used to determine the expected proportions of possible genotypes of the offspring

Mendel’s Conclusions The Rule of Unit factors: each organism has 2

factors (alleles) that control each of its trait. The Rule of Dominance: The dominant allele expresses itself over the recessive allele. The recessive allele only expresses itself when 2 copies of the allele are present The law of segregation: when gametes are produced, each gamete receives one of the 2 alleles