Patofisiologi Dan Interpretasi Data Klinik I

PATOFISIOLOGI DAN INTERPRETASI DATA KLINIK I DYAH ARYANI PERWITASARI, M.Si, Apt

Silabi



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See silabi Mid term examination 50% Examination 50 % Literatures Price and Wilson, 1992, Patofisiologi, EGC Jones and Rospon, 2003, Patient assesment in Pharmacy Practice, Lipincott Williams and Wilkins Frizzel, 2001, Handbook of pathophysiology, Springhouse corporation (e book)

Pengantar Patofisiologi dan IDK








Normal condition in people is different to each other. It happened because of the differencies of genetic, enviromental interaction, physiological parameters. Example : Blood glucose

Disease and Illness concept









Both are used interchangeably, but not the same Illness definition : change of individual cause the person was no longer in the state of perceived “normal” health. Illness refers to subjective symptom that may not indicate the presence of disease. Disease : occurs when homeostasis isn’t maintained. Personal perception about disease was related with body failure to do the dayli living activity. Example : someone with diabetes disease.

Disease


Disease doesn’t represent the new development of life but express the distorsion of individual’s normally life.

Etiology










Definition : the cause of a disease Intrinsic and extrinsic factor Intrinsic : inheritance, age, gender, nutritional status Extrinsic : enviroment Idhiopatic : unknown causal Example : What is etiology of tuberculosis? Intrinsic factor? Extrinsic factor ?

Pathogenesis












Definition : a disease’s development or evolution Most disease progress are according to a typical pattern of symptom Some disease are self limiting disease Other diseases are chronic disease , may undergo remissions or exacerbations Other diseases are never resolve

Manifestations









Definition : a change in metabolism or cell division that causes signs, lab data interpretation and symptoms. Subclinic condition Subjective : Symptoms, reported by patient Objective : Signs, disease’s identification by clinicians Lesi : structural change is caused by disease progress Sequele : result of inflammation process Complication : new process or condition caused secondary by first or original disease. Resolution : Patient can resolve from the disease without complication or sequele.

What is this?





Nausea Fever Sskin inflammation Bacterial pneumonia







Disease is a dynamic process not a static process Manifestation of the disease was vary every time.

Disease stages Exposure or injury

target tissue is exposed by causative agent or injury

Latency or incubation period

no sign or symptoms are evident

Prodromal period

signs and symptoms are mild and non specific

Acute phase

the disease reaches full intensity, possibly resulting complications

Remission

second latent phase occurs in some disease, is often followed by another acute phase

Convalescence

the patient progresses toward recovery after the termination of the disease

Recovery

the patients regains health or normal function

Stress and disease When a stressor such as life change occurs, a person can respond in 2 ways : 1. Succesfully to adapt 2. Failure to adapt, it can cause disease Stress can cause the release of epinephrine and glucocorticoids, the release of epinephrine can cause panic or agression. Disease relate with stress : heart, brain, lung. The energy of these organs were redirect by stress respon.