Past Perfect

Fill in the gaps, using the words given. You may use some words more than once. ago since already before still until while for yet during in from FLYING HOME A couple of months ago Charles was in Athens on his way back to the States from a business trip. It had been ages … ………… he had felt so angry. Ha had been at the airport …………… seven o’clock in the morning …………now, waiting for a light to New York. An announcement had … ………been made to say that the plane was delayed due to ‘technical problems’. Half an hour …………….. that, another announcement had said there was to be a delay caused by air traffic congestion. Now the plane had been sitting on the runway …………..at least an hour but it was ………….not delay, Charles tried to complete his report, which ha hadn’t finished ………….., though his boss was expecting it on his return. There was a lot of noise going on around him……………..he was trying to put the finishing touches to his final paragraph so …………….the end he gave up. It had been years …………….. Charles had traveled by plane. He avoided flying if he could ever ……………a particularly unpleasant flight years……… …. when he was …………….convinced flying was the worst way to get around. Use the following words and fill in the blanks due to expect avoid convince delay get around give up

trip

1- The train left at exactly 3 o’clock. Just five minutes … ………….I was in a traffic jam. 2- Their increase in profit is …….. largely to their innovative market strategy 3-He had to ……….. his studies through lack of money. 4-After a long delay he …………… to writing the letter. 5-I swerved to the side of the road to ………….from other car. 6-They failed to ………. the directors that their proposals would work 7- The general ……… complete obedience from his men. Fill in with Simple past or past perfect The biggest event in Tom’s life ........................(happen) by chance. He .....................(be) 22 and he ............................(just/leave) collage. He ......................(get) his degree and he was looking for a job. He ......................(want) to be a journalist but he ..........................(know) he ................... (not/have) enough experience. You see, as a student, he ..................... (spend) most of his time in the university theatre. He ......................(write) to all the newspapers but he ......................(not /receive) any replies. Then one day, the phone ......................(ring). It was a woman who ..................... (offer) him a job as an actor. She ................... (see) him in a play at the university and .....................(enjoy) the performance. He .......................(take) the job and since then he’s been very successful. Last night he .....................(discover) he ................. (win) an award for his performance in the play. Past continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous

Önceki yıllarda çıkan bazı sorular 1- When I .............., Bert .................. almost half of the report. (1990). a- had arrived / wrote b- was arriving /wrote c- have arrived /would write d- arrived / had written e- would arrive / would have arriven 2- The loud applause .................... how deeply the music ......................the audience. (1991) a. shows / would affect b. showed / affected c. had shown/ were affected d. Have shown/affected e. may show / had affected 3- .................. I was ready to leave the office, it was already raining heavily. (1991) a. At the same time b. Until c. During d. Afterwards e. By the time 4- While I ........... for my aunt outside the shop, someone .................... my purse (1992) a.. waited/had been waiting b. had waited/was grabbing c. was witing/grabbed d. had to wait / had grabbed e. have been waiting / would have grabbed 5- When Queen Victoria ........... in 1901 she............ for 63 years. (1993) a. died/ had been reigining b. had died/reigned c. died /was reigning d.has died /reigned e. died / has reigned 6- .............by the time he got married. (1993) a. John will finish his degree in medicine b. The staff is planning a modest celebration c. Steve has given a group of children art lessons d. He would be busy picking up some last-minute necessities e. Tim had been in charge of the company 7- I wish you ........ your sleeping bag at home.(1994) a. haven’t leave b.can’t leave c. don’t leave d. hadn’t leave 8- When I ..............into the cafe, she ........by herself at one of the tables near the window. (1996) a. walked / was sitting b. am walking / sat c. was walking / has sat d. have walked/would sit e. walk / has been sitting 9- By the time we ........nearly all the food ...... (1996) a.arrived/had been eaten b. arrive/has been eaten c. are arriving/has to be eaten d.would arrive/had eaten 10- Jane told me that she ........... to ring me all morning. (1997) a. had been trying b. has been trying c. has tried d. tried e. will have tried

Past Continuous: We use the Past Continuous to talk about something which was in the progress during a period of time in the past: I was listening to the news on television at nine o’clock last night. We use it to give background information: - It was pouring with rain and she was wondering what to do. We also use it with the past Simple to say that something else: - I slept when my friend called. - I was sleeping when my friend called Past Perfect: Past perfect isthepast form of the present Perfect. We use it to talk about a past event which happened before another past event: - When I picked some fruit I went back to the beach - When I had picked some fruit I went back to the beach We often use the Past Perfect with When or After - After they had eaten, they cleared the table. We also use the Past Perfect in indirect speach when reporting the Past Simple or Present Perfect: - ‘I have found the enswer.’ Becomes: She told us she had found the answer Compare the past perfect and the past simple: - when I arrived at the party, Mary left. (=I arrived and then Mary left) - When I arrived at the party, Mary had left. (=Mary left and then I arrived) Past Perfect Continuous: The past perfect continuous is the past form of the Present perfect continuous. We use it totalk about something which had been in progress up to the time in the past we are talking about: - They had been climbing for five hours before they reached the top of the mountain - I had been feeling sleepy all day so I went to bed early. She realized that her money had been stolen (paranın calınması olayı daha önce, farketme olayı daha sonra gerçekleşmistir.) Before I went to bed, I had watched TV. Tom said: ‘I have written two books.’ Tom Said that he had written two books (dolaylı anlatımda pres. Perf . ile simple past yerine geçer. By the time they came, I had prepared the dinner. (geçmişte belli bir ana kadar sürmüş işleri de anlatır) I wish I had bought a house/ He talked to her as if he had known her/ I would rather my father had told me. (Koşul cümlesinin belli yapılarıyla greçeğe aykırı geçmiş zamanı ifade eder. (wish, as if, if, if only, would rather)) Geçmişte yapılan iki işten daha sonra yapılan ve simple past tense ile anlatılan işler bir takım özel bağlaçlarla kullanılırlar Bunlar: after, before, by the time, when, until, till, as soon as , once, no sooner.... than, already, hardly etc.. - The class had already begun by the time I got there. - Tom had been a teacher before he became a business man - The teacher had already given the test when I got to class. - After the visitor had gone, I went to sleep - I had eaten the dinner when my friend came. - As soon as he had come, we began to study. - Tom had no sooner come hobe than his girlfriend called him - He didn’t accept the offer until he had listened it carefully Past perfect Continuous Önceden yapılan bir eylemin sürekliliğini anlatır I had been waiting for an hour before he finally came. When I met her him, he had been studying for two hours. - Dolaylı anlatımda past cont. Perf. Cont. Yerine geçer. Tom said ‘I was watching Tv at 9 o’clock.’ He said that he had been watching Tv at 9 o’clock.