Partition

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Partitioning

Pre-Installation tool Disk Druid Post-Installation tools Fdisk Parted Cfdisk sfdisk

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Naming Conventions

Controller

Master / Slave

Linux

Solaris

Primary Master

hda

c0d0

Primary Slave

hdb

c0d1

Secondary Master

hdc

c1d0

Secondary Slave

hdd

c1d1

IDE-0

IDE-1

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Commands

To Toview viewlist listof ofpartitions partitions [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk -l <device [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk -l <devicename> name>

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Creation of Partition

Creating Creatingaanew newpartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk <device [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk <devicename> name>

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Creation of Partition Creating Creatingaanew newpartition partition [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]# ~]#fdisk /dev/hda The Thenumber numberof ofcylinders cylindersfor forthis thisdisk diskisisset setto to4865. 4865. There Thereisisnothing nothingwrong wrongwith withthat, that,but butthis thisisislarger largerthan than1024, 1024, and andcould couldin incertain certainsetups setupscause causeproblems problemswith: with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) 2)booting bootingand andpartitioning partitioningsoftware softwarefrom fromother otherOSs OSs (e.g., (e.g.,DOS DOSFDISK, FDISK,OS/2 OS/2FDISK) FDISK) Command Command(m (mfor forhelp): help):m Command Commandaction action aa toggle toggleaabootable bootableflag flag bb edit editbsd bsddisklabel disklabel cc toggle togglethe thedos doscompatibility compatibilityflag flag dd delete deleteaapartition partition ll list known partition types list known partition types m print m printthis thismenu menu nn add addaanew newpartition partition oo create a new create a newempty emptyDOS DOSpartition partitiontable table pp print printthe thepartition partitiontable table qq quit quitwithout withoutsaving savingchanges changes ss create createaanew newempty emptySun Sundisklabel disklabel tt change changeaapartition's partition'ssystem systemid id uu change display/entry units change display/entry units vv verify verifythe thepartition partitiontable table w write w writetable tableto todisk diskand andexit exit xx extra extrafunctionality functionality(experts (expertsonly) only) Command Command(m (mfor forhelp): help):

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Commands

Updates Updatesthe thepartition partitiontable tableto tokernel kernelwithout withoutrestarting restarting [root@comp1 ~]#partprobe [root@comp1 ~]#partprobe

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Ext2 vs Ext3

Ext2

Ext3

No journaling support

Journaling supported

Less speed

More speed

Less secure

More secure

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Formatting of partition

To Toformat format partition partitionusing usingext3 ext3filesystem filesystem [root@comp1 ~]#mkfs.ext3 <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#mkfs.ext3 <partition>

To Toformat format partition partitionusing usingext2 ext2filesystem filesystem [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#mkfs.ext2 ~]#mkfs.ext2 <partition> <partition>

To Toformat formatpartition partitionusing usingvfat vfatfilesystem filesystem [root@comp1 ~]#mkfs.vfat <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#mkfs.vfat <partition>

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Mounting Filesystem

Created Createdaadirectory directoryfor formounting mountingthe thepartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#mkdir [root@comp1 ~]#mkdir

To Tomount mountthe thefilesystem filesystem on onthe the created createddirectory directory [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#mount ~]#mount <partition> <partition> name>

To Tounmount unmountthe thefilesystem filesystem [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#umount ~]#umount name>

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Mounting Filesystem - Permanently

To Tomount mountfilesystem filesystempermanently permanently [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#vi ~]#vi /etc/fstab /etc/fstab

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/etc/fstab

To Toadd addthe theentry entry ##This Thisfile fileisisedited editedby byfstab-sync fstab-sync--see see'man 'manfstab-sync' fstab-sync'for fordetails details LABEL=/1 // ext3 defaults 0000 LABEL=/1 ext3 defaults /dev/hda1 /dev/hda1

/boot /boot

ext3 ext3

None None

/dev/pts /dev/pts

devpts devpts gid=5,mode=620 gid=5,mode=620 0000

None None

/dev/shm /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs

defaults defaults

0000

LABEL=/home1 LABEL=/home1

/home /home

ext3 ext3

defaults defaults

0000

none none

/proc /proc

proc proc

defaults defaults

0000

none none

/sys /sys

sysfs sysfs

defaults defaults

0000

/dev/hda2 /usr ext3 /dev/hda2 /usr ext3 LABEL=/var1 /var ext3 LABEL=/var1 /var ext3 LABEL=SWAP-hda7 swap LABEL=SWAP-hda7 swap swap swap /dev/hdd /media/cdrom /dev/hdd /media/cdrom auto auto /dev/hda10 /mnt ext3 /dev/hda10 /mnt ext3

defaults defaults

1122

defaults 0000 defaults defaults 1122 defaults defaults 0000 defaults pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed0000 defaults 0000 defaults

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Converting from Ext2 to Ext3

Unmount Unmountthe thepartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#umount <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#umount <partition>

Converting Convertingfrom fromExt2 Ext2to toExt3 Ext3filesystem filesystem [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#tune2fs ~]#tune2fs jj <partition> <partition>

Mount Mountthe thepartition partitionto touse useitit [root@comp1 ~]#mount <partition> name> [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#mount ~]#mount 13

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Converting from Ext3 to Ext2

Unmount Unmountthe thepartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#umount <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#umount <partition>

Converting Convertingfrom fromExt3 Ext3to toExt2 Ext2filesystem filesystem [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#tune2fs ~]#tune2fs O O^has_ ^has_journal journal <partition> <partition>

Mount Mountthe thepartition partitionto touse useitit [root@comp1 ~]#mount <partition> name> [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#mount ~]#mount 14

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Label

To Toassign assignlabel label [root@comp1 ~]#e2label <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#e2label <partition>

To Toview viewexisting existinglabel label [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#e2label ~]#e2label <partition> <partition>

To Tosee seemounted mountedpartition partitionwith withLabel Label [root@comp1 ~]#mount -l [root@comp1 ~]#mount -l

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How swap works ?

New New Process Process

Process D

Process C

HDD Swap Partition

Process B

hda3

Process A

hda2

Operating System

hda1

RAM

Idle Idle

RAM RAM FULL FULL 16

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Creation of Swap partition

Creating Creatingaanew newpartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk [root@comp1 ~]#fdisk <partition> <partition>

To Tomake makeaapartition partitionswap swappartition partition [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#mkswap ~]#mkswap<partition> <partition>

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Swap Partition

To Toenable enableswap swapon onthe theswap swappartition partition [root@comp1 ~]#swapon <partition> [root@comp1 ~]#swapon <partition>

To Tocheck checkthe thestatus statusof ofswap swapused used [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#swapon ~]#swapon -s -s<partition> <partition>

To Todisable disablethe theswap swappartition partition [root@comp1 [root@comp1~]#swapoff ~]#swapoff <partition> <partition>

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