Nozzles

NOZZLES

NOZZLE is a short tubular item with a taper or a constricting section, of various configurations, with a fixed or adjustable outlet opening. It is used to disperse, direct and control the flow of pressurized substances. Types of nozzles: SPRAY NOZZLES

Because spray nozzles are designed to perform under many different spraying conditions, Following is a discussion of spray characteristics to help explain the criteria in order to achieve the most efficient spray performance Hollow Cone

The hollow cone spray pattern is essentially a circular ring of liquid. This pattern is generally formed by use of an inlet tangential to a whirl chamber, or by an internal grooved vane immediately upstream from the orifice. The whirling liquid results in a hollow cone configuration as it leaves the orifice.

Full Cone

A full cone spray pattern is round, square (Square spray nozzles are desirable when uniform coverage of an exact space is necessary. These will fill the pattern with equal amounts of water across the entire surface) or oval in coverage, and completely filled with spray drops. This spray pattern is normally formed by using an internal vane, which imparts controlled turbulence to the liquid prior to the orifice. Full cone coverage can also be accomplished with smaller drop size by use of a header arrangement of atomizing or fine spray nozzles.

Solid Stream

A solid stream spray pattern is basically a uniform stream of liquid emitted through a drilled hole. However, modern solid stream nozzles have been refined by the use of proper inlet chamber proportions and contours ahead of the orifice and/or by addition of internal flow stabilizing vanes. These nozzles provide prolonged solid stream integrity and delay the start of breakup and drop formation after leaving the nozzle orifice.

Flat Spray

A flat spray pattern distributes the liquid as a flat- or sheet-type spray. The flat spray pattern is formed by use of an elliptical orifice, or by a round orifice tangential to a deflector surface. In the elliptical orifice design, the axis of the spray pattern is a continuation of the axis of the inlet pipe connection. In the deflector design, the deflection surface diverts the spray pattern away from the axis of the inlet pipe connection. Straight-through elliptical orifice spray nozzles normally produce flat spray patterns with tapering edges. This characteristic is useful in establishing overlapping patterns between adjacent sprays on a multiple-nozzle header. The resulting distribution across the entire sprayed surface can therefore be uniform. Flat spray nozzles with non-tapered or "even" edges are usually used in cleaning applications that require uniform impact across the entire pattern width without overlapping the sprays.

Fine Spray

These low-capacity nozzles produce a hollow cone spray pattern. Since the spray drops are very small, the spray pattern is affected by air friction and currents, and is not maintained for long distances. Several feet from the nozzle, depending on spraying pressure and nozzle capacity, the fine spray pattern disappears as the drops become suspended in air. Nozzles used for spray-drying applications at pressures of 1,000 psi (70 bar) or greater perform similarly.

Air Atomizing

Air atomizing nozzles provide the finest degree of atomization for a given capacity and pressure. There is a choice of patterns: round, wide-angle round, 360° round, or flat. The spray pattern remains only as long as the velocity of the atomizing air is maintained. The spray drops may evaporate completely, depending on their size, exposure time, the relative humidity, and other ambient conditions. AIR NOZZLES Slotted type nozzle

Slot nozzles generate a directed air jet. The nozzles are well suited to all-purpose blowing and blowing in confined spaces. Due to their compact size, these nozzles are frequently used in machines and tools where clearance is limited. The nozzles combine the advantages of low noise level and low air consumption with high blowing force.

Flat nozzles:

Flat nozzles are designed to generate a broad and efficient band of air. They are outstanding for use wherever a wide but thin striking surface is required. Flat nozzles are suitable for most areas of application, such as: drying, transporting, cooling, cleaning etc. These nozzles are often used in manifold systems, providing silent and highly efficient air knives. Their exhaust ports are protected from external forces by flanges. Round nozzle

This nozzle series features aerodynamic slots to achieve optimal utilization of the compressed air while, at the same time, keeping the noise level to a minimum. The high ambient temperatures of a glass works, the extremely high blowing forces used in a steel mill, or the stringent hygienic requirements of the food processing industry - these are examples of the types of applications. Back blowing nozzle

Back-blow nozzle is used for blowing clean inside pipes or channels. Cleaning out pipe during and after tooling has always been a problem. Blowing clean using conventional methods is impossible as chips are blown further into the pipe rather than out.

Fire hose nozzles Device to be attached to the end of a fire hose to direct a stream of chemical powder/foam, water or vaporizing liquid. Item may contain an automatic discharge flow adjustment, removable tip(s) and/or a shutoff device. 1)

General Attribute to specify nozzle: Nozzle type: Flat spray, Hollow cone, roundspray/squarespary, Full cone round spray /square spray etc. Nozzle size: 1-1/4IN FPT, 1/8IN MPT etc. Spray angle: 75DEG(Flat spray), 70 to 85 DEG (Square spray) Rated pressure: (40 PSI, 60 PSI etc.) Flow rate: (0.4 GPM, 1.4 GPM etc.) Orifice Size: 3/16IN, 1/16IN etc. Material: SS, SS316, SS304, BRONZE, BRASS, RUBBER etc.

Reference URL’s: http://www.spraydrench.co.za/indnoz/main.htm http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/vista/pdf_pubs/iapm2k/chap15.pdf