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Ln,y red u,er rre di\.!sung among itrer selks b!l a vcr! rmlortanl lirty to ihc conlers tjoi ts nisiurg," he says. lle n.les a !cr..,dion em.nLt}!!]ublic th3t t . ir '" . n | 't.r L r.n.!.ior .r-!_

't!rtr!l]*1tu!- -- -' !-b-.t.'-Ll" :i :r.r ",cl r" l,L" ,.ne roiio l rneor . h" ''i Ajms lDs sL,ggesied

thli

ho{ bcst to engage onlnie s.

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ihe C.lernDreDt stn

as to avoid the pitfa cncomtererl elsewh.re Officials lron counhies such as Britai]t, Autr. ia and the Uniied Staies that Aims .o)rsulted al siressed that e engaEement should complemer not replace, traditjonal mems ol gove.nnent-cll

Po,

On how

\rarnly Singafore's politicians

'hptn."rn,LV , .orP,.r\

€mbra

.

tlri chanuc r lecesarv. B.ltJ" odt,t o" h 'l - n"s r ' C . $ '\ " ,

\iLlsrlblF .rution . He cjtes as an exanFle th€ covelimcnt's not to reply to lelters to The Straiis TiD€s

ilrdi !ir Fllrli5licd onlirc. jn thc newsp.rtcr itrelf.

fo.r d''-,1 o: Iorh.l otfln) i nersDJDcr Ie.ir.d mldr ,her I h ^nF !l \€5fretasr)ex nnr.r "d ln rh€ onliire world r "Dcn' His €r?€lience as chqlrman of the , councild ihe Inpaci of Ne; Media in socialv, or Arms. bar lert ure for m"r pd-ror-in', hi"f ot Sinsa' Dore PIe6s Hoid]nes'tn8li h snd Malay NewsPJ * Division (onvrft ed thaL I nr saw ol new m'

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-we L-v b,

ortuorrabl,

s'n '' \-oL"-or"' F,6daP. brdr o'!

rh." o" nu;ttrHj-n lou

rnr,oi.vojfut.' hr te l.lnsrEbt ll is a licF slaped by e year of visitilg seYe!

.ro'l)tri:s. conductinE focus group djscls3iors cross-scclior wiih the !)osr for a rsDort on hne IeErnrtion a

sii]l

thinl thri js \rroii: " dc.hres ihr !cie(

But, he adds, "t Nppose ii nlDlies somc discotr can uderstand b€cause there's a lot of dl slructive cynicjsm in cyberspace. !eople use an(

n).n iy and easy access io post comentsi som( limes they shoot from the hip. I "so it's like the wild wnd west rNofar as publ lLu rail:,'

didloguc js coDcerned."

But

th€re.re lso

"habitable places"

n to rrf lr .nF4Ti "n*'j'rou -":r l,i- :-- ?j. }da;i.s";i;Tl-. idq+.tr, 94\ in fact, irm irr. e pl4t&rm }her€-yorlsq dra. ^r. irrr !"-.rjl -rn . l 'l a. rrJnn.n -n lr rr r ;J;ir-$r-D..Id

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and enBagcment

media on iraditional ncdia.

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mernb r parel

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l; ih r€Dort r€lcased lasi wee!' Ainis recomn,""aea u'ai rt e cou"'nmer' adopt e-en8asemenl ., DoL v, whi.h would be a l.di.al deparlur€ from th;.!ftnt consultatior taking place olrline d€. idec whrl i wdt. dj No*. rhc Covpnu

cyb€r

,zJ dd roioflo$.\r. -tr T" p "ri::-tJ. ,\d i ove m

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spac€, he observes, such as ile spaccs crealed t mainstream riedia players Singapore Press llol( ings aDd Mediacory SingaDore. He also notes thc serious and thought provokir viows expressed onwebsites such ar The Onljne Cil

of th€ publi. md holdjng dialogdcs adire bloggers here' in lrepsrati''n whele SingilFore should head h on-

noi'Led br th-c Covp:iraenr jn Mdrcr l.'l ved lo wth cruz"n( r-o" s5" ru;.." ^. ioo1 "ngag.ment " ia cvof developments the lighi in ought to ch?nge,

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'(\\!.r,f,1 i'lr'", ' pJ\11'r.\ i \i,

ing to b€ a major chsnnel of com'nunication gojrg

tirl)n, rrrintl

nevspapernur, quite appa.cntly se:zed by ihe li€f that new media ca no longer be ignor.d.

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He s3ys tbe sterd

|,,i .!1..'to

loli Io,!

:ind relircrs," h. sal's Hnn€ver, what is terliatrs rnost strikng

V'.heonp

rrew or

ll. r'npd.I,I

Th4 biggc.t chlllenge fac rg traditional medja to find ways io continlle proliding value to the

Despitc decad€s of flippx)g through newspaper

for his daily dose of nerrs. he now confessesr

do|'t rely on n€wspapers to tell

n1e

onrqaijons to ove.throif ihe goverDment in

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there are deD Bang

n€cd the nelrspa!.n to telt me lchai is yo!

lic nohL\

I hatp.,nErhprp.$tut it"l 'o iriJn 1L, lobl[-\,T 'n. f r! .| . ^hytr.!! t. rr,d rf" '1, . olr'(. tdp"r. n.l qrcarer rrcmim on inrl\sls thrn most "\ '". . :T,6-0 p , ifi ,n;"," \. u .d.tdedr_lno !-rd r',' \ .. /.1 iL. o,^... ll .cr

DrdN ofthelonvelsations wiil b€ initiaied bv

[email protected]

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,L.ed byN'ring".o1

ulJrjonprPcr onbe

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eramDle and invites citirens to respond q,,i

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en;sdec

arornol\L lriF'd inte'" -

tionbetqeen the G;vernncnt and citizens on pnh-

j wilo " nro ' -oo arr up p ce\ in whrll inte!.,"dc i? r."nctn ol\p"ldg"numberorpdn;iM, ( rLone

In iehl rha- eoLtg b) lo u ,omnrr'. oned b' AIm publ'

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oi rsion "'. " tor 'u h e-FlaasPmen i "ovcrwhe nut. -Linor .; ,. reet rhev ar€ d,. u-rra dmong lh"n-

selves,6dt a v€ry irportant paru to the conlersari.r i! mic.ifd'r hF srvs

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T{BET RIO'Ts

China ac:ffitlses Western media t:f distqlrtimg ffacts ik jiriq t;ke', I i : lr:ttqri j*ul r;:;l il:tl i': 1;be{: in sl*tr'r its;!cie 0f cli:nit Bv SlNl

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A5 CHINA chaferones

a

iourn.li\t< ! oup of ioreiSn , T bFt l1 .ry toL rhe tLi\t

tine since thc \torst an ri Chincsc nots in tNo dec

ldes broke oul r.rcently, Bei

jr.8 r' lr,,rd,t s ,rl \JSrn! llr uun I op. ! 'i dr $i 1. .c{ tr,!.i rn iddih' n , tre D,LicLr'[re t,'r

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r.ircLl reDorl! on LlLc dn r.n, s.li{:'l a(o nig to B.i tnrs lras krllcd al

l.isr

n e Nn nedia Lrcre lrrve r!. iLlegin-e

.u;le lse ol images

Ln.':

or loot-

b \ cstern me |i , !t lrt! rn uJrIe LNN rrL'i ,rc

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''Sr)mc Wesledr Iicdia

.eglecied ihe facls and lr. 5ented Jrnor rrJ ePor t ng toL nl rc than !0 dJ\ 5, thF olticial Xinhua !.qG a gency

said

in a conncntary

Ti.se

on

stori.s. conntete

s'ilh scrcer shols ol the ol ien{lnle Dredia, a!!ear to

ha!e ireen based o. a Yo lbo anritei rfteo ac eusing the Wenern tredD

.t

Flr

f.\elJ

. ,nrlP Ch .r

natemerl for Inis,traichinB a Mdr.h ll7 thoto ol clashes h.tr,.-rf tLn fibcl 1 olts c,, rD,i I I tre rn llrpil ail

rot.e I'rt rLllri'8,n lr mrs.i. Clr,. r r:,, I

l,I rnE ro uliLb hd,

beer .irc!htj.g

on

tensive 1.!s rnto a dc.Ll wcll oI rrotul.r Ch,nese nr tionalisn s'tnch has scen CNN geLl,ng lDle Lrlls .nd threats rn rcc$!l da,vs

'Ihc rercri!ed

sniear

canpaigr bv lht Westcrn medk has sr! id Cbinese n.riz.ns Lo D.st onlinc n'cs lri c ,r. br '""c' '.r"rn .LLll l\l rr rrstc:dr ''Whxl vo! c.r fLrd in \1esL_ err nr-eJr!? Nl.griJi.enL lrish aDd rnrlrag'rolLs liesl" 1,i rnr!e rri .rse. Xin hua ;n'Nldr(ht3N!1 tb.1 PIi

lV

RTL

had a?ologised n, x

car)tion sdvins Clntese Po lice were cracklrs dolvn on a

N utu tL.d .ll Ll.rLN ol.lrs lrrred L.verJ!r, the ( NN s hrh r. . a.cu5cd .l del,t, eraLelv croliPiDg srone LL, !$ lxr rroler\ uIi.f J Irr r,.. rti,t shoued :rflr iN{:ks runblins nlo Li].s.i,

ir a stalemenl iL had nred the lDage Puely

said

tD

for icchDical re!soos .Dd had capLtoued

r1

acctrmlelY

Anilvsts said ihe e.ros

lvesieni nedii olliits ;feDrcbablv dte Lo sloplL ne$s. and bi talkine thenr rp, Berjins aould be lrylns

lv

2?

ln receni d,rYS

le athv sloics

sra;ni. Ioolagc oI Til,.taDs

dren.c, tlcijinE s medix ot

YlN

lN Brl)rNti

rN,,

vate (;rrman bro,rd.!srer

tilh !ic l n., ,r JS i .lJi en rh, r\ ., rd L).:ir:s -L ,l

Pla\'i,rs to a doDestic ar

Chhd CattcsPonLle l

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Live lnter !r. ws

llnc

5ettin13

r{:.orts

or lh.

reccnL

Chinese medix has cited

exanrlles

Lo

I lron tll ,, ABC:.Jphun lu, r pelt

L tlee,r

Some ol lhe mcdi! .tr|!rrts nghlghtld Lrt'

i

ilarb; ccTV req\pi '.r Clrin, Dril\

wourded terso! jnro an

NeDel q'as sxid Lo bc ol

hr\r' ihit ,l sh!wed IhLnrse pohce hehins !n+

n'1. I \ldII carr!

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German newspaper BerlineY MorsenPost: LdPt o. t.i r !rebstte DrLtuIe in rns Lie ti^nr\t 'nd ra! h.rne ralcn aNa) b! DUh,e wlci tlrr rhot., r,!ur!h +ro n eJ 'oolicc in Lhasa rescuine : Han Chinese assatrLted

[Ihile {]hini, lcteli lhese ,lir.rsnrs aL tlr rveJ!t)!. n.di.r. oueiilotrr Ic benrr m,$i oier n!,ninil req'; l,h.kour aDd !vhil [)1

television RTL: N? r.lcs. s.crnir lor.es 'Iibelrr frirLsleN wu.

lowcd:

;

r{LL}i.PuLt,' Id !ltr.tr' , cre,l ae|'LnH i^m' ,, r .i ,i . ii,, ., \ uhnle

Ch0csc !eL'1d$ nr Ir! websil,r thrL .lrorve.i

Lr form.J pdun[ 'vetr IidiaD !olice oflicers

rhe,.tcltlidlaitng .l . rnrc sid.(l accoinl .r stil. tele!rsur. .ccLlsirrg the Dllai Ln.,. s diqre' ol pLd lg the {nren

'llr..liI

lcitdres.do

iJ.nlrli(al ..i allinese

cNN, 1r. r, ... ricl!rc r!lo1(l.d br

to craSgerite such errcrs F.i.. !r"raed ni his iai(e.

roL n.LIsn D,o{e5!., v, t;,r,,n,nLp ol' Rermr UnL g srL.ll.,s. '.:srr, .lii ,P.1r .,l,rn, L t,i\ \ould !nt be kncLated ervwher.. buL

tlc

Chrtcse lhornd aho "lis

te. natienllv to tbe crilicil vie;s pat ;ul bv th. wcst Desnitc

iis

Pledses to

oncr jp to loreign nedia ah rd,l l,L L,\nri,iL' Be trng I'1,.1 nurr Jr,l llu\hrf ioLrre, ou,, al cr\ ou1 of Iibet, nhe1. \'io

test5 btokc ont lasl D'eeh

huck. wilb otre shownt

clposc srch

television N-TV:

.drrt.1 froic-.sor at ti.l!c1e1! ol Calilo,nra ar Llerk.l.). said "lbc eL ,os car Ilrdlv be lnte'T)r.l_ . c.. , Ll .l, ^nspirJ'! \ i,,, .l1u,r ThL 'il.R, tions are an ove.reactnnii rh,:

.nd elhnic Tibet.n !r.as iI Sr.br.n, G!!su and Qurs h.i where a ltavc o! Pro

'delileml. ttistakcs" r.revision

]vledrr fxfcrr \iao

Oiane,

lenG .iuDt.d on M.1ch l'1.

ihe rtttird straight

lN AN atlemlrl lo show the $rcsien iredn ,s

lo.lell.]c irLemalion.l crill cisn oi its d..Ldown ir'li-

, Fox Tv:

C.rPrr

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ar,n,ese miliL.Lr\

\, Lr r un,L nrolr P e ,n,., \ Lli lLrhrn ,nr e l,sL weoli, Beiling rodNl' tooli I .reiqr loi rnrl -t | .r thrL! L .r\ cpo tirH li rP I ' Lhxsa. F t ili€ mov. hds s.arked oles .1 rlnfauness oironE to"mahsts rot s.icct

At; rculi,,e press conlel rr! resr"'dJ]. u,eLUn Minblr \ \pDl_esmJl] Qr ot Li rA ii'cd.l.LrrgL .Lrc.n!ns !rt that rnd .b\lr .ies Lr in {oreisr lounal' isd;av in relorting llcTi L

A rotrch crasDer?ted, hc .lei.nded rhe 1o;k.joa'n b1 savinp trial repoli.rs lvelc leare lroluL spols

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0nline debate is easy - the real challenge is in taking advocacy to the people

BY

L-rk{ .na

c1gss^ Oo\

r\'!iDore

s

-.!,o D,,1,

ir*r rlD" .Fv ofiidivid,

slLh-|n3, Plofe5!o' wsliei rression giv.s drem the rishi

u!< humm rr2rrc to iurrb
rh.L po,n-d ;sendr\

cates

wiih ihe sam; r,.\n ot

lcan tuo .6Dce'!ed bloEpds ro.hiriense hi (rdru{r. no

'CYBER

MA-T.TFRS

Flurnan rights: **i:[1i:*i;:*:. Going beyond ffi:r*.:i:t* Internet Chatter Mr Ne E J:v wore on dre Ilos sre The oltrne citizcn

'rl!. righrs Lo lreedom or

sid nean rjgha commissi6, nRn tu!r,i!- --.h bo s doqr 1! the kind ofPoweFAs*n n

On l,u,n;n rahr. ese.t !leni\ !J i knee rerk" !c!ist Dd b.,""-- s. s"id selnnar He is .\si, .eaional direcior lor the Genewa bascd ce.lle i" aene,.r. ri., .r, ^,e.n riF r"r", o. h"; oFerabsas thtoj i D r e , .. , c . c ^i! reglo|whelenationalsow€r. , ,

Lr.or {,""i. nho

; ,

,

.

,

Trre

M;laysian comnnssion

Prrh"nci ; 19ee rnd nis r,enddi.c r "".-". FonE in their linse.s !,r,r d n{.rdIom;n!

rat!

tude tow*ds nlhE Eiues

whtlE tr 6 ieaireD,,,. ,. ."e the b.A,"i,"e, n;;b

n:rro!

"t re]afeddebatehere'atsonrc

humao rrehis

{ho]]IrvaureenMaroney'{L

said Nr5 rl,e Asia Fii, ni F.i,niafnn raseo lrs sub,id was.re Je.l sbiritv or a lt;naD{iPhrs conr

clanLir Gnbriel.

the

nsha pr;ccss is . g.od Fl..e Truc, there ale brsic h! n,an nshts standards

rrnqt, ad-

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4 announces measures .v encourage peopJe

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have more children l

jy Lt Xurnwc fl ]IruCAI, CORTISPOADINT I

iM[ Mi]lSl[R Lee H$en ""hBed

f

Loona

r'Bhi in to the cootrowBrat issue

en.-ragDg -5ingaloreans..to-iave

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ona a8ain

wh{

he sDoke at _

N:rDndl Day Rally ihtr yed. Ihis i5 the scond tine in iour vea hat he hA hckled the hsue. tbe fini be.a,his inaugural r&lly in zOot. le mounced a ralt of neasues rh.t

lcost the covdi$ent $7oo milion a

q,

bugiag

jr.o_hitffil

to

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M*"r-

4plodlltion iechriquer while DeDUt! Prhe lvli ter wnn,,

,

Seng

- who

{iI

r\sus -

s in rhuse of popul,: piovidenoF derais on

. bulk ofthsemssu$ at a bres c.ir4e loday, pM ke in h\ tuiv nn sni- dght Fovided a few of lis ;wn. 'he lwo Covsnhenr mrtctrnatu!

its e so nged

.

. So.ral DeveloDneni Un,r rhtr' beyelolment aenjce, w l be

!o.s

to bcreqe synsRLer. ouhit wiJlalso do;ond,r: of private seclor datftig agencies to

lhis new su@

Uut thev ee reDuiabh

At ure famili tewt; larenh (wheihd )rornolh ) ca! no{ izltraid leave up

fioDi{o -

to coe

'19j!!4rs ' cldrJu tud!! sver yeaN old Tlrey c{ als ia}e sDaid have of uo wel

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i oid

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re!!s.!!l !e his Rrlly

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skeiched

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I

tr

tr

systenratic approach focued

or

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reni belping parehis najiiain

life bau.!

dnd

tnjtly,

ricd Loulks to coh.etrc. 4 fiequeit thene

\

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sn

u

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knde

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,nfl

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rhus-

The Pline Mnstq Droudtv rec:lted hnw h. hid.hdnged dEpe\ h; hl5 cht_ dren afterhe Aot mdried, and ihar hd h:d doft so wiihout pickbg ov babies.

(!o do it, tbrl mpM5 !nrbodr rD do he srd, be:flrr

Anoihr ro\t of

freqtreni thehe: th!

h nt

{fl r,

jinh.i,rl

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Dronr. snmen, rs rhet hivsto loreln moE $ n.omP in lrder io hr\r hn p ro cde for a baby -),r\|]"rr, t,..,.

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Mr

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ilumshs

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sinilely, ih. Covdnneri vrl]

be en-

hdring the kindequten scto alre.rlv a vdy "lively' one he noted. singaloEt beby voA go blck Ddry

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pd 4d ro,pr wb. \

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ar o

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h"vedf sero...

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hr I hak F(utr"d D or\ m.mrlsJh.

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RALl.y

RIPoRTS,

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Mr I oh

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Bonus scheDe. Mr t.ee,s plearo sirsaporedns on d"' n

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r rrdlrrd happr

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BY SLD-A^N CrrL{

BETITR II{CAGEMTNT

riFAl vel.ones the libcrdierion

irDwAy throuEh his N.lio!.t Day Raxy ldress the

rrine Mi'inbr

rished

ori ,

onounded by the Pri,Te Minisrer. 1.lis

rd pni.eed.d to l,lm tlr audiercebaf.re hih in the auditoriuh. Behnd hin, on a gisr screen, rhe audirce saw themselles featur.d on the wrh ige olthe Frine Mnistefs offlc€ live. ''There you ar., sihple as that I ve irst made our fi6i non lolitical yideo,, he said td hrghter from the audience. I Mr Lees candid cahera home.r hetd rerions point. Anyone cxn now be m hateui tiln naker, captuinE polihcs .n film, and leopk will do so. 'so, qe !esot to,llowpohncal sdeor lobjre

;hone

Ii.,rhtb*';;l;;*-"hh

m;;l;-i-h-eAiI

ed

Feoplc can dasily mske ejdeos

vnl Dcrease the opporrunfties for S,nEalor*nrlo give then views and allow

por jtj cai

padies to

iett{

engaEe

.yber'cilizenr. PAP wilt opelate responsibly Fithin tbe new and

e4randed boundaies to ilforn. educ,re xnd rea.n ou to yomger voters r[ough !:i,.D\F itrom\ OlcdI, odr soat,, to

.rerte arDndu've en! ,.nh.hr

vheiner onlhe or *ithin rle re;.rar lublic, for politjcal issues to be dis.us,ed senddy rnd produ!rrvelv. to help find 5oluron5 rof.haDenses ti.i

roii",,

Mkdbn rfidlG

lv! for H.,, P f o$djb{ !..Etiry llprdrr duiia.nd ns h.di')

uDload

the. .the lntehet.r k how peopl€ comuicate or ll0 flvouR GRAItr$. JUST A nto{r ' . \!eb in daily life. 1ltoy nake videos, ,The prhd M'n'\tPr E hopinathar tt liss clips aroDnd," Mr rf,e srtd in srneapoens *iilso on thetri€nded his Nstioml D3y R,lly speddh on wbat

Sud.y. no* hake tbe cut with rhe

Jactual tnsoB: 'ill d

thart him for these ..n!essioE. He scetu ro foreet thar rhe nsht to h:lepoLtici fiths or the riRht 10 bold demondr.trons are !:rr aid knees to

footase dodDentaties

reroldirrs ot live evenk.

Brt sone dnD8s still von,t pass 'tf /ou hale a lolitical connElcial so ttrat

Itt

not r qdestiof of fi\uuc bens aLed from the C.vernncnt ll\ a_

tk

pnrely made-up haterirli p&risan trr, fooE&p dirtoned to cleatr r sl:ntinDre$ion. l think thole 3ho,r.r nrl betxcen vhat is ok .nd whar is not

j.yillfuh, Kd6.dnl

rl{Ir.8

ofrlE R.Iam

i"It

ys stmilar lo non Foliticd mms.

vith

?;so6hin and filnr c'iasification si,nd rds, be sajd, with a Fanel to d.cide \ether or nor a political tiln *ould 'rl'i'e ovenid4 .oN'deElon tr to ore eive the ht€sfltv, qualtv, ad hoh;jtv f ou lolitical dkcouse," he said.

ht

doesn't

bGt

people

srurt

hale

sense ta

soon

jur

€irpl,ed ror

SecuJr 13 of rhe Fit Acr disstows ' . baking, reprod!.rior, djsrribution i scledning oi ,,p.rty lolitlcst filns".

fh filns,rederined

as those

ravoum!

polrtjot pa y or DUshinr u Dolitr.al

- Mr rze s.id loliticll filhs were '1P!11lrI: q: Fnn6!!drJ{e rlst o'p( to i nind.r is<sraloha]ly, coo].ardlhlnt thioucn de!1ffi xth di ]ortutrre rnd Dake : conedergd ",4nd olr *ory n th,t filhs are an nolive hedjun the jbF.t of seNing )mcthinE oh a lilD js qdre ditterenr

rh

to telt the Aood fiom thc bad, hurh from rrlseh;od, he sad. sl!'ndfrlm m*er T:n pin p'n s haDrt' enou,{h

L

"A ge$tre

ilt:

beennadp, lndrAess r the srarr ofa towjrd\ [ss i.enet]c sov-

has

losirlve rhnA Thtr

iorc jo,rho,

P.litk:l frlm: lere boned to yes6

lrrr hi.l ch4

3sme

de nost of rhe rine nor

fll ra fhht th. &dhft! ti tho.udhodm ll$ r m.dt. ptw. ft. dndtd do.E noMl M i sdr6 polnt fltm qn m* !. het nh.n.kr. \'0. Or0 D vor,D utt

o utdoor protests okay, brut

only at peakers'

orner' ', , ,., I

Li PMLeer?hinedtotherrTooirrongau- causr rher€ r .tEady a ptaF $t fors dicnce at rhe Natiordl Day raul why burve.hoo5. rod" iiet;L-" wh"*_I]S6!t49tc?!!!9!914!!ld@r dchon- hry rpnri tions on outdom denronsrra any soestoHons t_i,b parkr be sdd. .Eiio"s sll lom be rlowidTo-aa; tons hrve beonnahtainsd. H. n onc ot rs peolle {ho vero r

BYJnnxMy Au YoNc

u4!Il!'.t!Feqf?l5 csn4

odrcon rmi5law.ndordcr,sndse- chargedre.ennyloriakinsFa inrnile, or:/ l o," r!,"p,nd' Th rotJb"nor.rhpror,n.h,d iFo1. sJ" "nll.o b..' " o!,qd"r o reJ ro ", rvisr and -!:! ltj !. L, , Lld -d"n " \4.' 1.. 1" h"vp - d.""r ; opro! :or no.irl Ll\ bu on Sundrv ..?J- !--ll l" I r L d o F -I L'Letrrdlrliradn?t. choo rlre.g {i,2: Piih. M,;ter Le. lG,en Lourr -ii r&glc,- r'. "id .t.ei lJrv r aherh -,a-"r i.'",,i. b " . H"Jr.iho" r n re.ding sonDtlin( in coldDrint. It nfs ron visceiallr. t{ engaees }olr orrd \oonoe,r. r.1 I I' i'" I Fsoud tr'tbethrsttr or .tio,s befors your thinkiis lrocesses r.,"*-t.tt.-*"+,*i,trs 's.r.l H.;;';;.i;;;; t" h.r,r,,,. kick m, and if rou are walrhing it itr a ,F. q 'D" ".'1 0" h", , ". "d;'";;";:.:;; . ,;;,;;,;;;;;,1:, ' tr _.or 'n (it 'owd, n)even more powerful r .'gndad r' a fotuc DcoDl "1heh, p€\.ror6 L.n gd 5rtrred up:nd rl . ,ph.:n gcr curi.d :rry , s,p'k., 'oaer in Ponc L,D pr! -):'1.'i:..:' '" "9 ,'''c p .":"i.".rli'". ,-,' " o Ineprohiseof soneloUtic.l fil,ns b..r,i ,on.,.uo, -ar"- il--l*, !Y:!l- iordn earroLL,,"'i. -" ,hoa b"u""r",.,;e ts alloyetl *as chee.ad by film-m.ker ".-,,1 or re. h. cd lrtyn See, vho had two of lis 6lns roriun- e.-br' ro p.,.h"MR, i'""i]-'X.l , .,1' ,4o . ."r " ,, o" .,_dLr ''" .. ,..*..r. .,,i1 ,:":,1* ,'*" U:_!!:drj!i:1 'This is by I* the most obvious retrxa Ichi , ' t -": n h.o oruowlo i of poutisl space in sinA,Dole jb rhe .iuehc'.ognr< """ ihd" ' ' -'".;, " ln z0 yers. rr vil le$en t$ climare of rr:,o r" @.d.r rno,c ,,-, '_o",. -_'_n*.-.-_._.r.._ ";; r*" in { nomci'l8 th. ho!. he rorod I zr ror ooe { qrt scnior Resea.ctr Fellos Tar Tarn ' "'"'" 'n.,r *"r',,r."r'r'r"Jrd. Lo.,c. :i,,. :.";:....: :. i".,:";,;'" :" r frcn the Institnte of Poljcy Studjes \un"cdro,Jt rr Dpror.'.,or\,,, ,N, ",...t1i*' j..o reri,.,d.. "\,".-.-,.. lered thcre r. bc no condtiobs in, ,o."*r-" "i,. r., ,i,ii ,,.. ,t,',,,ii.t i,i,"i ,i'jir ii,. ;,;i;";,;;;, ,r ,h", o"."n,.,.

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THE S']'R{iTS'I'I\'IES SATLITIDAY.

ruNIi

28 20ou

,,"4r!ri ,'a 11r_.tr.!i

waste exp0rfs Delegates at UN taiks urge nations to manage their own electronics trash

BAt DELEGATES at a United Na,

tions (UN) conference decided a8alnst bauing loxic wasre cxtorts, instead encouasirw co!, ldes to lake tliei. omi aalion to addre$ the steady stream of dan

{erous chemic.ls and ol.l PlP. ironic itcms that litter ihe latrd fills ol po.r nations. Supl,orL for r hJn durtnE thl week lo, r meet,nc on iliu i:asel conventioD was driven bv Ai,.i

$1,.h rLArc.trhaL waJ ro pr,'te.r rheir LitizPrs. Jnd b\ rhe frrron-

rt

rJ.

rhe

lc\r

an Unr {1, s 1,,!h ati."dv Droli,b jls toxic exporls. But lhe proposal ran iDro stiff

opposilion from

ihe

Uniled

Shtes, Japan, Canada and lDdia over concerns th.]lit would stifle recvcliDg irdustries in the devel

.ped w.rllj thdr are Luorunp "

amid !he nqnx pnces of nchls

The deleSatcs

insread

enielged lron lalks vcsterdav wilh a rumber of otliet

".",i ures, inLludnA rndusrrv+!DDorted Errdclrne5 for dr\posl,,a ;lrcl|hones dnd Jn aenemeri to stdr r similar discu$ioDs 0n old.om.,,, ter equipment.

"It \ v.r! sad, rer\ sad. \rrd I1, lrtr lucketi. .ooi,_t,n.r", "r {he S.rttle Lrased Blset Acrion Nerwo,l, Jid, g rl JL is gro!pt rrdlr PoPl it thr convErfj.n wr( to ecl nriior6 to mrna.e rt,ci own \vrstc Jr homc n;tcrd or Conpanies, mostlv in ,i.h na

tions, pav 1o sliD

th;ir .teclrotr ics plste to othir courhnrs fo, dEpn\al but r, unLtFir tu.r how rnrnl t,'ture| i$Lhwd(rrrr. / But jusl aLolt cveNone at

ur. CJl, !,,n\rnr!.n as.iO rt,.L tt,. rrJilL ,r rirLL !Ianr.its ,s hra. thal c!cnlual disDosrl .f rhp rd\tr ,. , ftcn In.lLlraudru. rnd

CO[,lPUlER VYASiF: [leasures comine our of rhe tdlh! io.tude dn agreement io start worl on BUidetines tor dicposine of ord computers.

boundary Movements of Hazardous Wasles aDd their DisDosal The 1989 Dact allows iti 170 meLnbc^ tihin lnpol1s and requues c\t'.rters to arin con(ert

beforc sendins toxic natcrials

Critics argre tirat i$ltlicieDr

l!nds, srdesprcrd ro(uDtro! th. (Jr' is 3

and rhe ibsence of

paficipart havc undemrined thc

conveDtion, lcaviDg rillions ot poor !eople cxposcd ro hcavv

meials and olher toxir6. Mani, s rn .ut rtt'I hrn ,,n exp.rirni 'y wrsLu i, the onl\ sol;'h.n roxiL Hoy evc.. rdusLtv reue\cnt: i \ F\ sird ltrat tlr. n;\ rolLDrar! Drdasures adopted at thc co e; cnce could lead to the c.€atnnr

.f

cerlified .ecycl'ne Iacilities_ $hi.lr would be e,recirll\ \rRnrti Lrnt rn develoFrnE ,1,!.arie5 v hrri old cl.!truntr rrems ,,ot. Itrlr ludlill\ ,,' a'c t,,"..,t ," The hopc, 1oo. is

rhar

aDv oI

the countrics would use the ;.w guid.lines to..eate rhcir orD rc cycln,g hws th,t {oukl a.ldress lhe estiDatcd 20 lrilli.\r 10 50

tl:rtdLbun,.$.u.;\,u

millioD tolnes ol trscd eiectroli.

slronqlhen the tlascl Conwtsn iron .n thc Cortrol ol Trons

Mr tuck Go$ olhe lnfo'dalion TechnoloAv lndusrry Cou! {:i1 s'hich nr.hdes nrosr najor

Tl,u r rn' ' sed tlrn rr,, "."^ holdcsl attcnlpl ar rhe.onl!rencc Lo

Lohputer ind prTtermJnulalrur ers. e,d rhe Lamputer Axrdelues Nould offer a uDivers:tl l.ame ivork thal would sive the 1ndus, trV confiJcn.e th.n rts produLrs wcre beins, r.y.led re\ponsrblv

The rssuc uf toxiL cxn,,fs took (entre strre D 200! ivhcn

hundr-ds of ti,nnes ot {a\re dxmfed.r^xrd ihe lron Cuist s n, rin uty ot Ah,drin. kiti s ere

ingatleast 10 people anll leavlng

lcni oI tl,ou5Jrdr utD6Dl!: $.k Fur nritrl, ,,t rl,c we.i i'i ra!. tLie .!cLr.te r.voh ed around the

export ban. But as a deadlo.k nf lersificd- Ildonls'. Dnt nrrh . compro;ise, which i!'said !ould

allow !a,1ies to rcvisil lhe issue

AnionS othe.lh'!Es, the strteDrenl encouraees naLjons to Dxss ],ws, as lhe EU did. that ir;uld

i,rr Il,

tnYr! r\t.rts nr \h,rjt ui rI boon.!io,L.,f.,rr r,r,',tr .

sr(t. n'1h, ,l ,,. O'. ' dL J fI1,P( Lr\e:A elLl Lu look $,r\ ot rcsol\ rfe tL ' rmfrsse 'Mr q.hrn 5terncr r.r.r ri\e .l rec to. Jnd deteLL,ll€ral

'ln th. Liplrr .i Jrrlt.rfg rh1 L,a

rhP

1., ior t|.1rN tsnvnonment ProSrimmc, said ol tlre stal.rneDt "Tha1 is ! vcry positive sis ASS0CiTTEIT FirFgS

,

\,l!ul\Eru11r, ]v1,.!i(Ln

19 Zou

gt"vqlr\*r,i

hio time-out for By NayeN Cqerrn,r

,

on. and

But perception is reali

ty, gnd the i1l-pervasiv

For 1:fte St/aits Timei

!nl,n+de.! The imDort of better aDd cbeapei goods has alwavs affected ineffi_

cient producers and brought'pain. Coni"m"i"

Eqn, *gqq!&;dq: our rtremctent

jobp it is

industries lost.Is this what is haooening in the US now? ' ' Economist Robert Las,rence's new sfudv. BIl1eCollar Blues. shoii tiat a

significant amouDt oj slgtrrrcant of

what \YIar the me Usj-loForts uJrloFotts $ is no

medta steteoscoDicrll.

magnifies the dark oerceri

tions about trade'. EIei tron-tlme r,rletolic coul(

do F,,orse thaD iust deeDer ttus. perception; coulc lo

it ci< politicia0s jnr.

self-firJfillbg protectionisi

'

The period between tlre two world wars. when a, anti-globa sation back-

rasn produced a tariff war, holds serious w.rn-

lg?gelprolqqqdjlga€SF callv As D .F( .l +hoca

rt o{ the chtu adges taking place ir the ecoiemv. DeY alirling inveshtent fti manuJachiring, atrd DfoductiviDUt

Iesslv cli-Dloitins the fear-

ful irood of ate.

th"e

ele.tor-

While their Democtat-

ic colleasues in the US Congress refuse to approve free trade

agre'e-

ments Degotiated bv the administration w;tli Colotrbia, South Korea and Panama, Senator Barack Obama calls Ior a reneeotiation of thc r4-via.-6ta North Americair Free Trade Agreement 0.{afta) and )eflatol l1lllarv (]linton wants a "tim"e-out" oD free trade pacts.

ls trade th_e main reason for growjig ioblessness in the US - or for that matter. anvwhere' else? The qiestidn ls as old as trade itself. Everyone agrees that \fitlout trade. we would

bc€-.r_qE!go_rt-Lo{r-lo-6a and $,c:rvrne $ htt l^Ie we_ar. -Tia d-srew to al:1ow for s&ills siecialisa-

ty _growih wrought .by tecbological and rianasdllent ian-"ovation ment imovation olaved D]avea a Euch biPser much bieser rold. ikr ' 2091-2003 peridr rigdr,((Ay 12'ang. !9rye9* cetrt. of Eanufecturine. estimatad, iobs lost were estimatld.

+'Fi

to have been due ia trade I

The data also lavs to rest a lnl'th about Ainerican jobi outsourced iI1 droves to lndia - or in popular parJance,'-'BangaLoleo vIIlCla1 data shows.that out of almost

one mi11io[ iobs lost in 2004. less tlan 10 oer cent - oDlv 73.217 - wire due to outsdurcias. Of these- three in 10 we"re senl ibroad and the rest

went to other Darts of the US. Professoi Lawrence concludes that thele is overrl'hekning eviderce that the US has benefited from gJobal engagements, which has helo-edraise its gross domeslia product bv I0 Der .enr

'p-*E$biD

,Sormer Dre(idcn' I.or]Iler iresidential economic adviser Alan Blnder, who raised the alarm in 2006 about a new industrial revolution embodied-in outsourcins challengjng America. ii now wo ied about ihe

growing aDti:globalisation sentiment. He now

for {indins "',r'avs to make Americ-ans irore corDfortable wjth siobalisation". The nevi oresic?Ds

dent, he savs, wouldhave to use tha Dresidential brl-

ly pulpit: oot to bullv.

but to ex'Dlai! whv slobalisation is bolh iiie"vitable aod more ao ooDorfunitv ' thall a threat- ' Presidential hoDe{uis nlay find it poljtjc fo call tor a time-out on trad-. agreements, but tbe proc, ess of slobaLisatjon diiven by billions o{ people's desire to live b4ttei brooks

no time-out.

If

irade

is

forced to shut down. as ih the 1930s. the r6srlts could b e dis astrous for all. Tho writer is director of Dublications at the Yale bentre lor the sl dv nt

Globalisation and ;diior al

Yaleclobal 0nline.

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H.EVIEW THE S']'RAITS

TIM!S TUESDAY, MAY 13

2OO3

'MOVING BEYOND THE GLOBALISATION PARADIGM

Enter the Cognitive, 5, ge Droo(s

8Y DA!,rD

The cognitive age

IF YOU so inro a qood ti

paradigm emphasises

or book\ un stobrtrJrron son,. qill hud I Some *rtJ

psychology, culture and pedagogy - the specific procrsses

brary, you

ljll

lind th.u$nds

wd'n dbout 5 drnseE Bui rhey will asrce !hor itobilLsJlion k Lhc chief o'o.es dnv. ins our ase. Our'L're\

:re

that foster learning.

t,e

ldA rEndo cd br rhe in dc?sirs dovencni oi loods. tcoP

e

\'

rn,1.:prb d.tu; bor.

rieglubrlinhonrEmdm

rrrl rld

{r

a

tr

fo

rirJLarenr,

'n hnlorical .ara crtain

.v.: Ttiere s,eie on.e .a, ron stares l*c ihe us and rhe European po(en, wtose

,{

t

cognitive age, you're focusinq on the real sourct of prosperity and understand that your anxiety is not being caused by a foreigner.

6

econonries could be securcd

wilhirborde's Alt no{ GDi-

rr nv$\ rr.e\

h,\ hle)lcd rF

Te.hnoro'Pr D

lfyou understand that you are living at the beginning of a

i$np neij.

compeiirior i5 rtobrt and

)

s:h.i prFd am naiio. .an now ria!et 24.000km in aD ln anr B,n mo(t mpod,iLprn ol rn 'h€ romrllln! rourne\ b the hn Ieq .enhhetre\ ihe .'n a bel**.,re^o"''.'.'.e:r,,od rh;,aflor5 ;p,on\ 'rheelubal

Noq e\c6, n:de rbroJd Amc;

ed cutrendes rhids

' !,n m:n!h.turiis

rs Ln

f

de_

Mn Hirrary Clhron smn,arke_d th. .rnativ. rc!,

orLhe hrar Does rfic,nd,\,d. ual havelhe capacitY to under

,

weeks .Ao: "Thc! cahe for lLhc ilerl .onoJiies rnd no 6odi sJ d r;yrh,ns rhEv

nand the nfomation? Iroei he or she h3ve the

'r:.ulti 'na erTl!,t ,f Are rhEre asunptions rhar disro.t *ay il is pe.ceiwed?

' ru noboLl' _:rd r.lihinq L$ -n. i,, ,he ofi,:..-;. prn,er, people u ho ,tid !turr !.t. r rn1!e r!b, 3nd proI.(

onst 'h.y.Jnre ob\ $rrlodtdbe ouBolred ind oobod,, qrd Jn!1hrna 1 Lhe

ilisations Tlese

call.d

!iEi,;i,, len ent flr pol h! Jr LL al ov rh!ntobl rqluLdh,{s rur ercnoor! rr dit,,q. them o prerend 'oe_rhrr bl 'e. u r I nr ,Ddc deal, thlv can r$urse econonrtr rn( irl ft iim.d odIu br 1ryc;n

r Luwilhem

ro

sloba \!oremi$ !nd por'n.: s nsrnns d\ ihecom "rth Bur iheret a DrobrenL rhe way ihe

dic( las evoh,ed ll doisi't

eeh ron o1 uhr s h:fodriurlFq r.r Clob.liMtionis rc.l and nn, rc rn Irt iust noi thc ccn. irrl Io(e dii\rnR !cononrr re3rr/

1,,!c scen rhen iobs shiDDcd

o!rr ! . hon hn share oi

:

d,llerco, lofle';.

(..-.d,n

LUL eloU

t.omncrc

lounted Io,

rob.Earion

dccades. Capilal does ndecd flow aroundthe world Bnr a\

Prore$or Pankaj chena*ar

qiih

glob:tMionpam

: {ni

aDd de

I

n,L!ion ov.r rhe t,fl te*

..

Brt rhe eo;n'1'!€ rai p,fr . dism 3r plFsi\", p5\.t.toPr. cuxure and redasoF rhc \prrif. prore$e\ rh Ioner lerrn nq ri emlll,trtrr\ lhir

aerteconim,

and so.ial d{rse as a trrea1 rieranrilist conFetiti.n, with !dr DU{ leims .omneti.c tor

ab*n.ti. r

rhe Chinese" or ,,rbe

Ind,a.5 . arc do,ns LhL\

t h! aro5Jlshor

lrr\

\

TlLeElobnis:' oi L iLdrm lPadj oeoole tu rec a.onortr de\eloprDeni :i: ro'nr of for eixn pnli(\ a\ a eEnd !odor lilion betueen nationsrod aiv

no oDe said anvihinP And for

ro

imprnies open plan(s over

sers, but thai ji mxinly so ther p,.du.Lion l?.iliilea.an bc .ldse {o local n$kaLs

N!f i,th, arobd[5rL!nD]r

,dfi..13(fne"h.n'-' ph.d l! maftLl,.i!m! l; {
5eir.h n,n. hr5 Daded od the

U5 iIJre oJilob]rn-ntr

facturine odpur h:- sduallv incrused stiFhdY sin.e 1930. 1he chiel j.re resharnra

mdi!hriunns r ielhrolopr !:LrhanL" th:netred b\ .on

w'l oihef!onjpr'!er crkdJ, !rLlom prht ou

'iemran\

Tlanks ioiturdv'iion din uf^crurinU p'oduch,nr hJ5

doublcd ovcr lwo dc.rdc! EdelavcF low reoutrc lcs.r

buinrdrt h,RHj \r.i l.d *orr

T..rnolosicai chrnse at chitu ust :s I dois r\e Anen.a r!1r Wilrm over tec6

holt of Ue !.AND cor.oDron has noren that b€r;eei 1994 and 2004 rhe Cninese shed 25 niuion ma.utactur.

iq

robs, 10 tiDes mdre rhaD

srccss dnv'n! t lIlei; cental nbr slolalkruon rri -rcftndri.n

Lhe J
,nr!rm:non flrn n hlpn.n tr in ro!:r..d J LLr .P[ o^, rnd r'ou {lobiltrld d L,e l3p p€n ns.,c L'tI rou rok uo

.,er, ro

d", " ". '.,!;

."

h"

trca5ed

b";", 'm,r", ".,' denan.l5 od Lud,D

U rou 3re I vnra

unde6lrnd $at vor atihc b!Prnntr;13

cognili!e a3e, you on the realsource

L.usi.a

'e olprcspei:

Ia and Luder$and drr v.ui ,irxiery is nor t.'ne.auseit lv and rhe skith re;olL ion a). ehich paadia; you.mbmtu derernines wbi.h l3.h 3nd 'one-dies)ou

rtop[isFe

ocr;llc o.e* hlv. r"lr"" i" loi6 with tfie !lobalisaLron parodiaiir

lrt

tinie ro nov!

iasL

}THE WORLD \qE LIVE IN

More global more troubl

yca h

1997 alhina

the global econony.

there has b€en no lerce divi dend. lven though'tlere were

omino$ sisns - the 1993 bonb lhat ;xDloded uoder the World Tnde Gnkr. the 1998 bombinrs ol US embassies in Alrira ind tle 2000 at' tack or $e USS Cole tu fie

port o[

Ade[,

-

Yemen

lew

iaid

rh; A(ir; firaDrial

orce the Soviets had vitl_

beed to the Slowing ihent ol l\lam$t extrenism.

crisis.

r4ionk ba*eb were afterl

emcrshs

oI ltrc

dmwn &oo Ahhaflslan, tle world Iorgot aboul $c jrtrad

aitliueh the deve)oPed

ed.

o/orld\

n ikeb

agaimt the inradem.

remained re_

TIIE RIGITT DCT

no out ol loreiRr exchanae and rould nol wilhland ttre sriseored nm o[ ils cnrrmcv. lt'ar bark ad r omPaoes

Americans are in

thi

US. $hi1e instituliotral

Iudn

decisions being

Soulh-east Aiian eaonomies

0mens lIlE {ltimate theat

to

hfinan

survival is slobal warnins dinale chnse. lte hab ol nl[ons. nuvbe bi honr, of people iray be da,t

and

tats

fte oolar ice cnD ii nelt' ftis lirs higsereil Rursi'

,qed ide.

Qnada, Denmarl., Nonrat lic LIS and oticrnrlions abuttins $e Archc to lay drlr ln xeriions ol lhe Arcti(. Ilre scranble ior the richt ulder lhe ice is on. lbe Krcm.

the sabed al the Nort Pole. Canada has dained omenhro ol lhe Nodh.ver' Pasare. bul ilsca levck n, rn inrindate nanv aillions r peoplc, and rf gl;cie$ i, tie

tied

Global player

to election

Wien lhe cnmch croe, shed for the

exit, sellinn local stock and ruriencies, disregarding tbe roudriei' fundaf, eDlals The suddm wibdn{d ol liquidi-

Esioo\ slock nar_

wi

Tm

tle cenual balk lbjlard, hdorcsia, lilalay'

US

-

enbloiled in llar inien nable prol

datelins.

snasred bv

lihad io Alshadstao sas buta plelude6 global jfiad

Ao\,,,n Lhrt elusive t$o-sla1

kmiovei lran's nuchci pro_ (rannle and unable lo pi

SeDl 11, 2001 was

ft'ets bmke

ol

\\Lr

lcoro(tuIorPeruLl trme ffr c.*efuldrlil,eto-

without their

ol dollaru

tv l,.on lie

loStrc

risor

as Trbel and dre Ar dcs melt away, leavirrB mor millons w$oui enotrgh w. be no "[le al ler, there

way out of haq

lad hvesled bil'

tloseifleston

urlh ro n url rt

Himil

now find the dght

ir tle stock narlel6 ol lhe booniog li'ons

0

sril,P, hr urrnt\

;n

mu(

kaq. They

aeex hom lhe devel-

nned vrorld

populn

Dlanl a titaniun Russian lla

Right or wrong,

iere heavily indebted io loreiBn

lxllr. 'rla

lin has sent $borariDes t"

udo&!ed. n; mitir m5 ercciPilrled when ihe Banl 6f 1liailard lalivelv

jn bank, espedally tlose

l

hon. qllhoLrt the ures5ure\ 0l cL'tironeennB, tti deLrde o hi, or h.i .orre o{a,tLon

sbck narleb 10 Yeirs ago, in Julv 1997, wili li€ omel ol davs all

s

rnd, |e

1}1! Cold WaI is over, bul

cl.0lAUSATl0N'S power sa frflt demonsh?te/ in $e

Willin

rc

lo ger " i'residel)l Bus ltor \ llDlo r!' \''rll roL b-

un

Security threats

KU,N YEW

BY LXE

l0

Indii ,,1'ere ninorplayen. Nnv' lhP growlL rnlo t|e 11'od{l s l\!olargtn r'onorures is.realing n(r dJrro r\ rn

and

te

hmrng

Doint. The Uniled Siates and world were shocked bY

iie

lvi!

solution lor lssei/Palesline DMv aDDeaI werkc[ed 3od ue,iw llut whether vou a

for oi asaiNL US Doliries

r

hao ,nd'elsewberc: fte lact tJraimanv of the world\ prol,'

sh and Soub Korea. DBwing o! il5 exPerience

L\e desl$ctiotr ol lle

tle bternitional Morctarv Fuld inr_ oosed mredies tiat maaY crit' i.! helieve made lbe situatiod worse. Miny Asian ba*s

?enlason. US loftes let?lial

hmr rainot be el{eLrlvel

hv"iamfue AJshanistrn in Ocdber. fte-do"ire fol lic world vas clear: Yor are ei

mrnared \vilhout the arti\ n: rtLci"nation ol the US.

weDtbellrup, and D,rnY com

asainsl ur. In

Towers

in IrtinAnedca.

'

DaDies werc

vean later thev had substao 6rl nrrrort accirLrnt surpluscs, ar wellas af,ple

Iilen

loreip

cul

mrrket{,as sold do'm in JulY ,rnd Ausu5l rhis yPJ,.

ilr

Lnn'

uuon $'rsd rornredr,rkll lo Frirone and

mLcrr ng

]!trn

and

tim

to

Alrr Thesrh Pnrne

noridage lorns at thc mo{ ot

Marh 2001 lhe invaded lraq and over'

threw Saddam

HLissein

Rjght or wong, Arneic?ns ttris vere a US pmbhm, but lhey bad becn passed oo lhrough CD0s (m lilemh\ed debt obligalio$) to lulop e n ba s and irxunnce conPa nies and lo llru najor bankr h Clina a

New York's stock

"

'

ther Yrith rs (the US) oI u U"S

ir

attacl( on the

ed

binlftPled

WtrJe many Asian cour_ ift{red larye c1lfieDt a(' .ornl deli{it5 Ic9b. 10 lnes

ald itre

Although

lL.

eritr,,-u'e to

Asian banks and lnsuranrr comDanies $as no1 hI(lr, rhei;dock m? etslell Asra J

econonies

sill

depeld otr

Ameimr consume$. Henc€,

rf tle lub pnrc

mortgJge

nrobhn sDIl[ over ioio lhe

iS

real e,on, ny, reduclng

ronsumer

de,n

d,

Asia\ er

noits r.,nll declnre and econom lslow. i, gLo{ah

x

TheNr d'ssiuiegicnaltcA rnd

tnttrlron

,hrrgd

rd,rlr

1rcrd\ dLrr

hr\c

ng

tlc

are

h lmo. Tlev nusi

ll"i

now oulot lraq

Snd tle riRlt rnthoLrt tlLeu dccrsions be

ins tied lo cle!tion daleln$ P;e$dent GeorRe W Bush ha\ mrdr clcar [i! Dllcv to

ilober{ DraDeI. dLrthoi of Dc.d ( rrLarri a buok nn lhe

Itcndin! 'To tron where

rididtrl*

aetu\ n tre,rdenLrrl 3 Po5i

tl;

w

ll

he

tor orti

ble aboul su$eioing ir Pres

woiddbadeisbowAneti' wJi bolltrce bacl asah..F{

ir$dhffifttwfi1dkinostd nenic sociehi il has lhe Do5' hnovative {iconollY wiib itl leadinPadse lecbnolog both ci"viljai and nilih,'l Bu{ Riven Russia! anti

Irr

rgiur vur.u Ndriom lrf UftlPd no$llon. rlio;. lhc trnrvCourri Counri l'ldlnot be t \ectntv 'n]lnot ' rivein50lfinq tl./o imn et lront rL.qln r{e ptoblefl tr".ts le,

t*llit,

it'It

" 'ii nudear progmmrne ano ros' ovot rht

filil

r

llrrlskr Me!!Lo!

"aie{ Ihrirdir t s ruaooft '?Plerrs I re-{-l[r€nl !sue olforbP5 magail[e.

rr