New Trends In Science And Their Applications

GSF Books Symposium Series No. 1 Editorial Chairman : Dr. M. M. Fadiel Dean, Faculty of Science

New Trends in Science and Their Applications Edited by: Prof. Fathi El-Ashhab and Dr. Ahmed M. Mami Faculty of Science Garyounis University Benghazi,Libya P.O. Box 9480, Fax +218-61-2229617 Phone +218-61-2229617 e-mail: [email protected] The Book Based on the Second GSF Symposium, June 1st and 2nd, 2005. Garyounis University Press, Benghazi, 2006. ‫كتاب منتدى كلية العلوم الثاني‬ ‫ التجاهات الحديثة في العلم وتطبيقاتها‬:‫بعنوان‬ ‫ بحث محكم‬26 ‫والمتضمن على‬ ‫ تم نشر‬27/3/2006 ‫الطبعة الولى و إيداع نسخة منها بتاريخ‬ ‫ ببنغازي‬,‫ بدار الكتب الوطنية‬,‫بوحدة اليداع القانوني‬ 7203 :‫رقم اليداع بدار الكتب الوطنية‬

ISBN 9959 - 24 - 7096-‫ردمك‬

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GSF Books Symposium Series Although the notions of researches have long been important parts of sciences, it was not until relatively recently that research and theory began to fulfill the promise of the basic goals of the faculty of Science. Over the past 30 years, staff members have developed and refined conceptual and empirical tools in many braches of Sciences. These advances are apparent in the large number of Publications of many staff members of the faculty of Science. Given the quantity and quality of research on many aspects of Sciences, there is a need for a continuing forum dedicated to these topics. The University of Garyounis, Faculty of Science has the personnel that allows it to fill this need for a regular, and archival series on pure and applied sciences.

Overview of Series A GSF symposium is held every year. This makes the symposium a regular event and the book series a continuing publication forum. At the same time, having the symposium every year allows for careful advance planning of each program and then detailed editorial supervision as the symposium presentations are converted to polished chapters for the published volume.

The GSF Books symposium Series comprises three different yet complementary forms of scientific communication -- face-to-face conference and published volume. Each symposium addresses a specific topic within the general area of Sciences. Over two days, 25 to 30 talks are presented by staff members in a lecture format, followed by open questions from the audience and comments by a discussant. In addition, participants share meals together, and there is a reception each day that is open to all audience members as well as to presenters. Thus, each symposium includes multiple and diverse opportunities for scholarly discussion and debate.

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The book associated with each symposium is not simply a set of proceedings. Instead, each conference paper undergoes rigorous reviewing to ensure that the chapters are of the highest quality in content and writing. In addition, each volume has an introductory chapter that explains the logic underlying the volume and sets the stage for the chapters to follow. Further, each published book in the GSF series has a concluding chapter that summarizes the contributions and identifies emergent themes and areas for future work. Planning the GSF books symposium series no.2, we have picked a topic, "Science and Its Applications" for the next symposium (to be held in April, 2006). The Symposium Organizer and Volume Editors Prof. Fathi El-Ashhab and Dr. Ahmed M. Mami are in the process of inviting the speakers.

Editorial Board The topics and speakers are picked by an editorial board consisting of many professors and professionals from the faculty of science, Garyounis University, their names are listed below. In addition to assisting in picking topics and speakers, the board members also review symposium papers as they are converted into polished book chapters. Editorial Board Editorial Chairman: Dean, Dr. M. M. Fadiel Editor - in - Chief: Prof. F. El-Ashhab Editorial Director: Dr. A. M. Mami Technical Director: Dr. M. M. El-Ammari Editorial Advisors for Series No. 1: Prof. A El-Hossadi Prof. F. S. El-Mestiri Prof. A. I. Mohamed Prof. S. H. Baiu Prof. M. Kadayah

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Presidency

Symposium is to be commended for the high quality of its articles and reviews. The difficult task entrusted to journals of sciences is that of providing a platform for the variegated views in the aspects that affects the life-style of humankind. This task has been advanced to a maximal degree by the editorship of GSF Book Series Symposium. No one working in this multifarious and vital field of sciences and research scholarship can afford to ignore this very ably edited proceedings book.

Dr. M. S. Embarak President, University of Garyounis

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Foreword Symposium is the name Plato gave to a gathering of more or less sober minds united by love in the quest of a higher purpose. What began as a succession of presentations by humans, and thus as a competition, gave way to an encounter with the Divine, that not only called to mind the often forgotten distinction between theory and application, but that specifically bestowed upon scientific researchers, that of building bridges. The publication of the first volume of the GSF announce high hopes for the continuing presence of a forum for the exchange of ideas among stuff members in the University, with a focus on what are newly phenomenological ideas. Symposium remains a relative newcomer to the publication field, its track record to date remains incomparable. Superb editorship, outstanding contributions, and a lively exchange of correspondence among contributors and readers have made this series unique and invaluable indeed, indispensable to researchers in the field of applied sciences. Prof. M. M. Doayb Vice-President, University of Garyounis

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Contents Preface………………………………………………………………………

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BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7.

Citric Acid Production Form Date Extract Byproduct by the Fungus Aspergillusniger …………………………………………………………………… M.M. Haider, N. N. M. El-Tajori , and M.S.Boufars Effect of Aspirin on Cell Division ……………………………………………… F. R. El-Garabulli and J. A. Bashasha Effects of Some Pesticides on different Isolates of Rhizobium Leguminosarum in Libya…………………………………………………………………………….. S. F. Ben-Gweirif, F. I. El–Moshtty, and S. R. Agouri Liver and Kidney Functions in Adult Male Rats Following Multiple Subcutaneous Injections of Non-Lethal Doses of Datura metel Leaves Aqueous Extract…………………………………………………………………… M. A. El-Torki, A. W. Mehdi, A. I. Mohammed, and N. A. Al-Jiboori Single Cell Protein Production From Carob Pod Extact by the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ........................................................................ M. M. Haider, N. N. El-Tajori, and S. H. Baiu The Effect of Human Activities on the Soil Seed Bank of a Semidesert Zone in South El-Jabel El-Akhdar in Northern Cyrenaica (Libya)…………………….. Y. M.El-Barasi and B. M. Buhwarish Toxic Effects of Castor Bean Ricinus Communis Seeds Water Extract to Female Swiss Albino Mice Mus Musculus ………………………………………. S. A. Mohamed and A. I. Mohamed

2 9 20

26

49 57 69

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Anatomy of Agent Systems …………………………………………………….. M. El-Ammari A New Approach of Inhomogeneous Local Smoothing in Image Reconstruction of Archaeological Geophysics .............................................. S. M. Al-Gezeri Classification Trees with Corner Splits ………………………………………… Y. M. T. El-Gimati and C. C. Taylor Factors Influencing Mortality in Libya Before and After The Economic Sanctions …………………………………………………………………………. Y. B. El-Figih Factors Influencing the Saft Drink Production Acase Study of Benghazi Area A. A. El-Ogali Inverse Problems Involving Partial Differential Equations ......................... S. M. Mahlool

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83 91 10 2 116 13 8 15 4

14. Knowledge Innovation Systems …………………………………………………. O. M. Sallabi and M. A. Shaari 15. On Algebraization of Monadic Logic ……………………………………………. K. H. Alzubaidy 16. On Stone’s Duality ………………………………………………………………. R. A. El-Ageili 17. Quasi-Ordering Algebra………………………………………………………….. S. A. Traina

16 6 17 7 18 3 19 0

PHYSICAL SCIENCES 18. Chelation Behaviour and Biological Activity of Divalent Metal Ions Towards Schiff Base Derived from Salicylaldehyde and Histidine …………………….. M.M.El-Ajaily, S.Ben-Gweirif, A.A.Maihub, and A.N. El-Tajoury 19. Degree of Ionization for Carboxymethylcellulose Before and After UV-Irradiation ………………………………………………………………….. F. EL-Ashhab, L.Sheha, R. Sheltami, and Z. Feituri 20. Depositional Environment of the Lower Jurassic Scots Bay Formation,Nova Scotia, Canada …………………………………………………………………… H. S. Hassan 21. Detector Efficiency Correction for High Energy γ-RayCompton Spectroscopy of Metals and Alloys………………………………………………………………. S. A. Hamouda 22. Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Cohesive Properties of Xanthan Gum in Dilute Aqueous Salt Solution …………………………………………………… F. El-Ashhab, L. Sheha, H. El-Ashhab, N. El-Griany, and H. Abo-Eisa 23. Evaluation of The Effective Fixed Charge Density For Silver Borate Membrane Using Kobatake Equation…………………………………………… S.El-Atrash, Badral Islam, and F. Bo-Doowara 24. Limitations of Conventional Wire-line Logging Tools in Defining and Evaluating Thin Bedded Clastic Succession in the Upper Cretaceous Orange Basin, South Africa ……………………………………………………………….. O. Derder 25. Preparation and Characterization of Fe (III) and Os (III) Chelates of Schiff Base Derived from Salicylaldehyde and Anthranilic Acid……………………... A.A. Maihub, M. M. El-Ajaily, A.H. Azzouz, N. B. El-Barasi, and R.M .Al-Ferjani 26. Viscous Behavior of Aqueous Hydroxyethylcellulose in Moderate Concentration Domain Before and After Gamma Irradiation………………… F. El-Ashhab, L. Sheha, A. El-Dali, A.E. Abdel Salam, O. Zubeir, and E. El-Taboni

PREFACE vii

19 5 211 21 7 23 6 24 3 25 0 25 9 27 5

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This first volume is the proceedings of the 2nd Annual Science Symposium, held 1 - 2 June 2005 in The faculty of Science, Garyounis University. It has been a year since the previous symposium held in 2004, and much progress has been achieved in this year. When sending out the first announcement, the scientific committee hoped for 15 to 20 contributions. Eventually over 50 abstracts were submitted. A number of them were withdrawn or rejected, and in these proceeding 28 papers are included. All papers are accommodated in the scientific programme. The papers in the proceedings deal with all aspects of Sciences and how important the research is for mankind. "New Trends in Science and Its Applications" is not a fancy catchphrase, it is a simple fact. The papers in this proceedings show just how much progress has been achieved. We feel that a compact two-day symposium is one of the best vehicles for this purpose. Judging from the quality of the papers contained herein is a good reaction to this Symposium, we provide the first step toward accomplishing our objectives. To order the contributions, three main topics have been defined, together with a number of subtopics. There is of course a great overlap between these topics and it has sometimes been very hard

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for the scientific committee to choose where a paper should belong. The relations between the topics will be given in the introduction where each topic is presented in detail. We would like to take this opportunity to thank the stuff members of the faculty for their efforts. Their knowledge has made this Symposium possible. The mark of a true champion is not only his advanced knowledge and ability to apply it, but also his willingness to share it. I wish to express my gratitude to the members of the editorial Board, who have been a tremendous support in the editorial process. Also the support from the people’s committee of the university may not go unmentioned. Special recognition goes to Prof. F. El-Ashhab students: H. Abo-Eisa and E. ElTaboni, Dr. A. M. Mami departmental staff: A. A.Younis, and Dr. M. M. EL-Ammari technical staff: A. Rahuma and E. El-Sahali for their assistance. Suggestions and comments from our readers and participants are welcome. Dr. M. M. Fadiel Dean, Faculty of Science

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