Ncert Book Sanskrit Bhaswati Class Xii

fo"k;kuqØef.kdk i`"BkÄïk%

iqjksoko~Q Hkwfedk eÄõye~

V IX

1

izFke% ikB%

vuq'kklue~

3

f}rh;% ikB%

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl

8

r`rh;% ikB%

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

16

prqFkZ% ikB%

iztkuqj×tdks u`i%

27

i×pe% ikB%

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk

34

"k"B% ikB%

lwfDr&lkSjHke~

43

lIre% ikB%

uSoQs ukfi lea xrk olqerh

52

v"Ve% ikB%

gYnh?kkVh

63

uoe% ikB%

enkylk

72

n'ke% ikB%

izrh{kk

82

ifjf'k"V

vuq'kaflr xzUFk

87

eÄõye~ ¬ LofLr iUFkkeuqpjse lw;kZpUnzelkfooA iqunZnrk?urk tkurk laxesefg AA1AA (ÍXosn & 5-51-15)

vXus u; lqiFkk jk;s vLeku~ fo'okfu nso o;qukfu fo}ku~A ;q;ksè;LeTtqgqjk.kesuks Hkwf;"Bka rs ue mfDra fo/se AA2AA (;tqosZn & 5-36)

vHk;a fe=kknHk;efe=kknHk;a KkrknHk;a iqjks ;%A vHk;a uDreHk;a fnok u% lokZ vk'kk ee fe=ka HkoUrq AA3AA (vFkoZosn & 19-15-6)

HknzfePNUr ½"k;% LofoZnLriks nh{kkeqifu"ksnqjxzsA rrks jk"Vaª cyekst'p tkra rnLeS nsok milaueUrq AA4AA (vFkoZosn & 19-41-1)

HkkokFkZ% lw;Z vkSj pUnzek osQ leku ge dY;k.k ds iFk dk vuqxeu djsAa fujUrj nku djrs gq,] Vdjko/¯glk dks NksM+ dj ijLifjd rkSj ij ,d nwljs dks tkurs/le>rs gq, lkFk&lkFk pysa AA1AA gs vfXunso! gesa /u o ,s'o;Z dh izkfIr osQ fy, vPNs ekxZ ls ys pyaAs vki lEiw.kZ mÙke ekxks± ds Kkrk gSAa vr% gesa ikikpj.k ,oa oqQfVy ekxZ ls cpk,¡A ge vkidks cgqr izdkj ls ueLdkj djrs gSa AA2AA

2

HkkLorh

fe=kks]a 'k=kqvksa rFkk izR;{k vkSj vizR;{k vfu"Vksa ls gesa fdlh izdkj dk Hk; u gksA gesa fnu vkSj jkf=k esa fuHkZ;rk dh izkfIr gksA vHk; osQ fy, lHkh fn'kk,¡ fe=kor~ dY;k.kdkjh gksa AA3AA lcosQ fgrfpUrd vkReKkuh Íf"k l`f"V osQ izkjEHk esa ri vkSj nh{kkfn fu;eksa dk ikyu djus yxsA mlh ls jk"Vªh; Hkkouk] cy vkSj lkeF;Z dh mRifÙk gqbAZ vr,o Kkuh yksx ml (jk"Vª) osQ le{k fouez gksa (jk"Vª lsok djs)a AA4AA

izFke% ikB%

vuq'kklue~ izLrqr va'k oSfnd okÄ~e; esa vf}rh; LFkku j[kus okys rSfÙkjh; mifu"kn~ osQ X;kjgosa vuqokd (f'k{kkoYyh) ls ladfyr gSA mifu"knksa dk izknqHkkZo oSfnd Kku osQ fodkl :i esa gqvk gSA mifu"kn~ dk vFkZ gS (KkukFkZ) xq# osQ lehi cSBukA bl xq#f'k"; ijEijk esa vè;;u osQ mijkUr vkpk;Z osQ }kjk f'k"; dks thouksi;ksxh ;g mins'k fn;k x;kA ;g euksje mins'k brus lgtHkko ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd lh/k ân; dks Li'kZ djrk gSA

osneuwP;kpk;ks¿Z Ursokflueuq'kkfLrA lR;a onA /e± pjA Lokè;k;kUek izen%A vkpk;kZ; fiz;a /uekâR; iztkrUrqa ek O;oPNsRlh%A lR;k izefnrO;e~A /ekZUu izefnrO;e~A oqQ'kykUu izefnrO;e~A HkwR;S u izefnrO;e~A Lokè;k;&izopukH;ka u izefnrO;e~A nsofir`dk;kZH;ka u izefnrO;e~A ekr`no s ks HkoA fir`no s ks HkoA vkpk;Zno s ks HkoA vfrfFknsoks HkoA ;kU;uo|kfu dekZf.k] rkfu lsforO;kfu] uks brjkf.kA ;kU;LekoaQ lqpfjrkfu rkfu Ro;ksikL;kfu] uks brjkf.kA vFk ;fn rs deZfofpfdRlk ok o`ÙkfofpfdRlk ok L;kr~A ;s r=k czkã.kk% lEef'kZu%] ;qDrk vk;qDrk%] vyw{kk /eZdkek% L;q%] ;Fkk rs r=k orsjZ u~ rFkk r=k orsFZ kk%A ,"k vkns'k%A ,"k mins'k%A ,"kk osnksifu"kr~A ,rnuq'kklue~A ,oeqikflrO;e~A ,oa pSrnqikL;e~A

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p vuq'kklue~ vuwP; vUrsokflue~

& & &

vuq'kkfLr

&

vuq $ 'kkl~ $ Y;qV~] vkns'k (f'k{kk)A vuq $ op~ $ Y;i~ (i<+kdj)A xqjksjUrs lehis olrhfr vUrsoklh lIreh vyqo~Q f}rh;k ,dopu] f'k"; dksA vuq $ 'kkl~ $ yV~ iz-iq- ,dopu] mins'k nsrk gSA

4

HkkLorh

Lokè;k;kr~ ek izen% vkâR; iztkrUrqe~ ek O;oPNsr~lh% HkwR;S vuo|kfu brjkf.k lqpfjrkfu mikL;kfu Js;kal% vklusu iz'oflrO;e~ J¼;k lafonk deZfofpfdRlk

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

laef'kZu% ;qÙkQk% vk;qÙkQ% vyw{kk% /eZdkek% orsZju~ orsZFkk% vkns'k% osnksifu"kr~ mikflrO;e~ mikL;e~

& & & & & & & & & & &

Lo $ vè;k;kr~] ia- ,dopu] Lokè;k; lsA vkyL; er djksA vk $ â $ Y;i~] ykdjA iztk;k% rUrq%] f}rh;k ,dopu] oa'kijEijk dksA fo $ vo~ $ fNn~] yqÄ~ e-iq- ,dopu] er rksM+ks Hkwfr prqFkhZ ,dopu] ,s'o;Z (/u) osQ fy,A u $ vo|kfu] u×k~ rRiq-] izFkek cgqopu] vfuU|A nwljsA lRdeZA mikflrqa ;ksX;kfu] izFkek cgqopu] mikluk osQ ;ksX;A dY;k.k djus okys] vf/d Js"BA vklu osQ }kjkA iz $ 'ol~ $ rO;r~] mfpr lEeku djuk pkfg,A J¼k lsA ln~Hkko ls (dÙkZO;Hkko ls)A deZf.k fofpfdRlk] lIreh rRiq#"k] mfpr vuqfpr deZ osQ fo"k; esa lUnsgA fopkj'khy] lgu'khyA Kku foKku esa r`IrA LorU=k fu.kZ; esa leFkZA v:{kk%] dkseyA /eZL; dkek%] dÙkZO;ijk;.kA o`r~ fof/fyÄ~] iz-iq- cgqopu] O;ogkj djsaA o`r~ fof/fyÄ~] e-iq- ,dopu] O;ogkj djksA vkKkA osnL; mifu"kr~] "k-r-lekl] Kku dk lkjA mi $ vkl~ $ rO;r~] mikluk osQ ;ksX;A mi $ vkl~ $ ;r~] mikluk djuh pkfg,A

5

vuq'kklue~

lfU/foPNsn% vkpk;ksZ¿Ursokflue~ Lokè;k;kUek O;oPNsRlh% lR;k ;kU;uo|kfu ;kU;Lekde~ Ro;ksikL;kfu pkLePNsª;kal% Ro;k¿¿lusu osnksifu"kr~ pSrnqikL;e~

& & & & & & & & & & &

vkpk;Z% $ vUrsokflue~ Lokè;k;kr~ $ ek fo $ voPNsRlh% lR;kr~ $ u ;kfu $ vuo|kfu ;kfu $ vLekde~ Ro;k $ mikL;kfu p $ vLer~ $ Js;kal% Ro;k $ vklusu osn $ mifu"kn~ p $ ,rr~ $ mikL;e~

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) v;a ikB% dLekn~ xzUFkkr~ ladfyr%\ ([k) lR;kr~ ¯d u dÙkZO;e~\ (x) vkpk;Z% de~ vuq'kkfLr\ (?k) Lokè;k;&izopukH;ka ¯d u dÙkZO;e~\ (Ä) vLekoaQ dkfu mikL;kfu\

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) vkpk;ZL; dhn`'kkfu dekZf.k lsforO;kfu\ ([k) f'k";% ¯d ÑRok iztkrUrqa u O;oPNsRlh%\ (x) f'k";k% deZfofpfdRlk fo"k;s dFka orsZju~\ (?k) dkH;ka u izefnrO;e~\ (Ä) czkã.kk% dhn`'k% L;q%\

6

HkkLorh

3-

fjDrLFkkuiwfr± oqQ#r& (d) osneuwP;kpk;ksZ ----------------------- vuq'kkfLrA ([k) lR;a ----------------------- /e± -----------------------A (x) ;kU;uo|kfu ----------------------- rkfu lsforO;kfuA (?k) ;Fkk rs r=k orsZju~ -----------------------A (Ä) ,"kk -----------------------A

4-

ekr`Hkk"k;k O;k[;k;srke~& (d) nsofir`dk;kZH;ka u izefnrO;e~A ([k) ;kU;uo|kfu dekZf.k rkfu lsforO;kfuA

5-

vèkksfufnZ"Vinkuka lekukFkZdinkfu dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[kr& ----------------------(d) vuwP; ----------------------([k) lafonk ----------------------(x) fß;k ----------------------(?k) vyw{kk ----------------------(Ä) mikL;e~

(ln~Hkkou;k] lEcksè;] yTt;k] vuqikyuh;e~] v#{kk) 6-

foijhrkFkZdinS% (d) lR;e~ ([k) /eZe~ (x) J¼;k (?k) vo|kfu (Ä) yw{kk

;kst;r& vyw{kk vJ¼;k vuo|kfu v/eZe~ vlR;e~

7-

vèkksfufnZ"Vs"kq ins"kq izÑfr&izR;;&foHkkxa oqQ#r& izefnrO;e~] vuo|e~] mikL;e~] vuq'kklue~

7

vuq'kklue~

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% mifu"kn~

& ekuofpUruL; ijeksiyfCèkLo:ik% mifu"kn% fuf'pr:is.k Hkkjrh;laLÑrs% vf}rh;k fu/;% lfUrA mifu"kRlq laoknekè;esu thotxn~cã z fo"k;drÙokuka fu:i.kefLrA ,rklke~ mifu"knka izknqHkkZo% oSfndKkuL; fodklijEijk;ka tkr%A vLekr~ dkj.kkr~ fofo/oSfnoQ'kk[kkuka nk'kZfudfpUrufodklØes mifu"knka fof'k"Va LFkkue~ vfLrA prq.kk± osnkuka i`Fko~Q i`Fko~Q mifu"kn% lfUrA izeq[kksifu"knka ifjx.kufeRFka Ñre~A bZ'k&osQu& dB&iz'u&eq.Mdek.MwD;frfÙkfj% c`gnkj.;dNkUnksX;a pA bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kn~] dsuksifu"kn~] dBksifu"kn~] iz'uksifu"kn~] eq.Mdksifu"kn~] ek.MwD;ksifu"kn~] rSfÙkjh;ksifu"kn~] c`gnkj.;dksifu"kn~] NkUnksX;ksifu"kn~] ,srjs;ksifu"kn~] 'osrk'orjksifu"kn~ bfrA

rSfÙkjh;ksifu"kn~ & mifu"kfn;a Ñ".k;tqosZnL; rSfÙkjh;lafgrk;k% czkã.kxzUFkL; vfUreks Hkkx% rSfÙkjh;kj.;dfefr dF;rsA vfLeu~ vkj.;osQ n'kizikBdk% lfUrA ,rs"kq izikBosQ"kq lIrer% uoeizikBoQi;ZUra ;ks Hkkx% l ,o rSfÙkjh;ksifu"kn~ bfr dF;rsA f'k{kkoYyh czãkuUnoYyh Hk`xqoYyh p rs"kka Øe'k% ukekfuA f'k{kkoYyh

& v;a ikB% f'k{kkoYyhr% ladfyrks¿fLrA f'k{kkoYyh izikBosQ vksadkjL; egÙo& o.kZua /ekZpj.klEcfU/fopkj'p fo'kn:is.k izLrqr%A

czkã.k%

& czã'kCnkr~ fu"iUu%A czã'kCnks Kkuokpd%A vr% czkã.k% ¾ KkuhA

f}rh;% ikB%

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl laLÑr lkfgR; esa v'o?kks"k dh x.kuk Hkkl ,oa dkfynkl tSls mPPdksfV osQ egkdfo;ksa esa dh tkrh gSA nk'kZfud egkdfo v'o?kks"k dh Ñfr cq¼pfjre~ dk laLÑr lkfgR; esa vf}rh; LFkku gSA v'o?kks"k dk y{; cq¼ osQ mins'kksa dks dkO; osQ ekè;e ls tulk/kj.k rd igq¡pkuk FkkA izLrqr ikB cq¼pfjre~ osQ NBs lxZ ls ladfyr gSA blesa tc fl¼kFkZ egkfHkfu"Øe.k osQ fy, x`gR;kx djrs gSa] rc lkjFkh NUnd mUgsa HkkxZo vkJe rd igq¡pkrk gSA os ogk¡ ls vkxs vosQys tkus dk gh fu'p; djrs gSaA NUnd dks jktegy dh vksj tkus osQ fy, dgus ls iwoZ os mldh LokfeHkfDr dh iz'kalk djrs gSaA

rrks eqgwrkZH;qfnrs txPp{kqf"k HkkLdjsA HkkxZoL;kJeina l nn'kZ u`.kka oj% AA1AA lqIrfo'oLrgfj.ka LoLFkfLFkrfogÄ õee~A foJkUr bo ;n~n"` V~ok ÑrkFkZ bo pk¿Hkor~ AA2AA l foLe;fuo`Ù;Fk± ri% iwtkFkZeso pA Loka pkuqofrZrka j{kÂ'oi`"Bknokrjr~ AA3AA vorh;Z p iLi'kZ fuLrh.kZfefr okftue~A NUnoaQ pkczohRizhr% Luki;fÂo p{kq"kk AA4AA bea rk{;ksZietoa rqjÄ õeuqxPNrkA nf'kZrk lkSE; e‰fDrfoZØe'pk;ekReu% AA5AA

9

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl

dks tuL; iQyLFkL; u L;knfHkeq[kks tu%A tuhHkofr Hkwf;"Ba Lotuks¿fi foi;Z;s AA6AA

bR;qDRok l egkckgqjuq'kalfpdh"kZ;kA Hkw"k.kkU;oeqP;kLeS larIreuls nnkS AA7AA eqoqQVkíhidekZ.ka ef.keknk; HkkLoje~A czo q UokD;fena rLFkkS lkfnR; bo eUnj% AA8AA vusu ef.kuk NUn iz.kE; gq'kks u`i%A foKkI;ks¿eqDrfoJEHka larkifofuo`Ùk;s AA9AA

10

HkkLorh

tjkej.kuk'kkFk± izfo"Vks¿fLe riksoue~A u [kyq LoxZr"ksZ.k ukLusgsu u eU;quk AA10AA rnsoefHkfu"ØkUra u eka 'kksfprqegZflA HkwRokfi fg fpja 'ys"k% dkysu u Hkfo";fr AA11AA /zqoks ;LekPp fo'ys"kLrLekUeks{kk; es efr%A foiz;ksx% dFka u L;kn~Hkw;ks¿fi Lotukfnfr AA12AA ;nfi L;knle;s ;krks ouelkfofrA vdkyks ukfLr /eZL; thfors p×pys lfr AA13AA ,oekfn Ro;k lkSE; foKkI;ks olq/kf/i%A iz;rsFkkLrFkk pSo ;Fkk eka u Lejsnfi AA14AA vfi uSxqZ.;eLekoaQ okP;a ujirkS Ro;kA uSxqZ.;kÙ;T;rs Lusg% LusgR;kxk 'kksP;rs AA15AA

'kCnkFkkZ% 'kksfprqe~ vH;qfnrs nn'kZ foJkUr bo vuqofrZrka

& & & & &

vokrjr~

&

'kqp~ $ rqequ~] 'kksd djus osQ fy,A vfHk $ mn~ $ b $ Dr $ lIreh ,dopu] mn; gksus ijA ns[kkA FkosQ gq, dh rjgA vuq $ o`r~ $ bu~ $ ry~] vuqofrZu% Hkko% vuqofrZrk (vkpj.k dks)A vo $ rì $ yÄ~] iz-iq- ,dopu] mrj x;kA

11

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl

vorh;Z

&

vo $ rì $ Y;i~] mrjdjA

iLi'kZ

&

Li`'k~ $ fyV~] iz- iq- ,dopu] Li'kZ fd;kA

fuLrh.kZe~

&

ful~ $ rì $ Dr] ikj yxk;kA

rqjÄõeuqxPNrk

&

?kksM+s dk vuqlj.k djrs gq,A

tuhHkofr

&

vtuks tu% Hkofr bfr] (foijhr) Lotu dk lkekU; gks tkukA

Hkwf;"Ba

&

vfr'k;su cgq $ b"Bu~ Hokns'ks ;qo~Q p] vR;f/dA

foi;Z;s

&

foijhr voLFkk esaA

fpdh"kZ;k

&

djus dh bPNk lsA

larIreuls

&

nq%[kh euokys dks (nkukFksZ prqFkhZ)A

HkkLojef.ke~

&

pedhyh ef.k dksA

rLFkkS

&

fLFkr gq,A

cgq'k%

&

ckj&ckjA

LoxZr"ksZ.k

&

LoxZ dh bPNk lsA

u eU;quk

&

Øks/ ls ughaA

'ys"k%

&

la;ksx (feyu)A

foiz;ksx%

&

fo $ iz $ ;qt~ $ ?k×k~] fo;ksxA

;kr%

&

;k $ Dr] x;kA

thfors

&

tho~ $ Dr] lIreh ,dopu] thouA

foKkI;%

&

fo $ Kk $ f.kp~ $ iqo~Q $ ;r~] fuosfnr (fd;k tk;s)A

iz;rsFkk%

&

iz $ ;r~ $ fof/yÄ~] e-iq- ,dopu] iz;Ru djksA

uSxqZ.;e~

&

fuj~ $ xq.k $ .;r~] fuxq.Z krkA

u 'kksP;rs

&

'kksd dk ik=k ughaA

12

HkkLorh

lfU/foPNsn% txPp{kqf"k pkuqofrZrke~ j{kUu'o% Luki;fUuo rk{;ksZie vfHkeq[kks tu% Lotuks¿fi bR;qDRok Hkw"k.kkU;oeqP; cgq'kks u`i% izfo"Vks¿fLe riksoue~ L;kn~Hkw;ks¿fi ouelkfofr

& & & & & & & & & & & & & &

txr~ $ p{kqf"k p $ vuqofrZrke~ j{ku~ $ v'o% Luki;u~ $ bo rk{;Z $ mie vfHkeq[k% $ tu% Lotu% $ vfi bfr $ mDRok Hkw"k.kkfu $ voeqP; cgq'k% $ u`i% izfo"V% $ vfLe ri% $ oue~ L;kr~ $ Hkw;% $ vfi ouelkS $ bfr

iz;rsFkkLrFkk

&

iz;rsFkk% $ rFkk

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) v;a ikB% dLekr~ xzUFkkr~ ladfyr%\ ([k) cq¼pfjrL; jpf;rk d% vfLr\ (x) u`.kka oj% d% vfLr\ (?k) v'oi`"Bkr~ d% vokrjr~\ (Ä) Luki;fÂo p{kq"kk izhr% de~ vczohr~\

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) LotuL; foi;Z;s dk fLFkfr% Hkofr\ ([k) egkckgq% larIreuls ¯d nnkS\ (x) cq¼% fdeFk± riksoua izfo"V%\ (?k) Roa dhn`'ka eka u 'kksfprqegZfl\ (Ä) dfLeu~ lfr dL; vdky% ukfLr\

3-

vèkksfyf[krs"kq lfU/a oqQ#r& R;kxkr~ $ u] p $ ,o] fo'ys"k% $ rLekr~] u $ vLusgsu] cgq'k% $ u`i%

4-

vèkksfyf[krs"kq izÑfrizR;;foHkkxa oqQ#r& lqIr%] foJkUr%] n`"V~ok] vorh;Z] Hkwf;"Be~] vknk;] foKkI;] okP;e~

5-

vèkksfyf[kr'yksd;ks% fgUnh vkM~yHkk"k;k vuqokn% dk;Z% (d) eqoqQVkn~nhidekZ.ka ef.keknk; HkkLoje~A czqoUokD;fena rLFkkS lkfnR; bo eUnj%AA ([k) tjkej.kuk'kkFk± izfo"Vks¿fLe riksoue~A u [kyq LoxZr"ksZ.k ukLusgsu u eU;qukAA

6-

^u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl* bfr ikBL; lkjka'k% ekr`Hkk"k;k ys[kuh;%A

7-

fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) u Roa --------------- vgZflA ([k) l nn'kZ --------------- vkJeine~A (x) l foLe;fuo`R;Fk± --------------- pA (?k) tuhHkofr Hkwf;"Be~ --------------- foi;Z;sA (Ä) vdky% --------------- /eZL;A

13

14

8-

9-

HkkLorh

fo'ks";&fo'ks"k.k;ks% ;kstua oqQ#r& (d) HkkLdjs (d) ([k) tu% ([k) (x) ef.ke~ (x) (?k) thfors (?k) (Ä) eke~ (Ä)

vfHkeq[k% HkkLoje~ txPp{kqf"k vfHkfu"ØkUre~ p×pys

mnkgj.kkuqlkja foxzginkfu vk/`R; leLrinkfu jp;r& foxzginkfu leLrinkfu u fLuX/% vfLuX/% --------------vkfnR;su lg --------------LoxkZ; r"kZ% --------------u dky% --------------egkUrkS ckgw ;L; l% --------------olq/k;k% vf/i%

10- vèkksfyf[krinkuka foijhrkFkZdinS% esyua oqQ#r& inkfu foijhrkFkZdinkfu (d) lqIr% (d) p×py% ([k) vorh;Z ([k) jad% (x) Lotu% (x) tkx`r% (?k) u`i% (?k) vk#á (Ä) /zqo% (Ä) ijtu%

15

u Roa 'kksfprqegZfl

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% v'o?kks"k%

& v'o?kks"k% laLÑrlkfgR;L; lqizfl¼% dfo%A vL; dky% bZ'kk;k% izFke'krkCnh LohfØ;rsA v;a lezkV~ dfu"dL; ledkfyd% vklhr~A vL; dos% lkSUnjuUne~A cq¼pfjre~ 'kkfjiq=kizdj.ka p jpuk=k;a fo|rsA vL; jpuklq cq¼ksins'k ,o izeq[k:is.k n`';rsA egkdos% v'o?kks"kL; jpuk% frCcrs phuns'ks p izfl¼k%A lkSUnjuUne~ v"Vkn'klxkZReoaQ izFkea egkdkO;e~ miyH;rsA vfLeu~ egkdkO;s cq¼ksins'kL; dFkk;k o.kZue~ vfLrA cq¼% foekr`ta LoHkk;kZizseik'k c¼a uUne~ mifn'kfrA uUn% cq¼ksins'kizHkkos.k lkalkfjdlq[ka ifjR;T; izoTz ;ka LohdjksfrA 'kkfjiq=kizdj.ke~ bfr ukfVdk [kf.MrkoLFkk;ka yH;rsA

cq¼pfjre~

& cq¼pfjre~ v'o?kks"kL; izfl¼a egkdkO;e~ vfLrA vfLeu~ egkdkO;s lIrn'k lxkZ% miyH;UrsA r=k egkReu% cq¼L; lok±xh.kpfjra fuc¼efLrA ;Fkk&vfHkfu"Øe.ka] riksouxeua] ;'kks/jkfoyki%] ex/ ;k=kko.kZue~] fl¼kFkZL; cq¼Roizki.ke~] /eZizpkj%] f'k{kkizlkj% bR;kn;% fo"k;k% ljy;k Hkkoifjiw.kZ;k ân;kotZd'kSY;k of.kZrk%A

Hkk"kkKkue~

& u eka 'kksfprqegZfl&rqequUrisnu vgZ/krks% iz;ksxs.k vuqjks/% fuosnua ok izdVhHkofrA ,oeso vU;kfu okD;kfu jpuh;kfuA 1- jkf=ktkZrk] vr% Roa LoIrqe~ vgZflA 2- xq#% bea ee vijk/a {kUrqegZfrA 3- bnkuha ;w;a xUrqegZFkA

txPp{kqf"k HkkLdjs & lw;Z% lalkjL; us=k:is.k fu:fir% ;Fkk JqrkS & ^^rPp{kqnsZofgra iqjLrkPNqoQz eqPpjr~A**

r`rh;% ikB%

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh Hkkjrh; laLÑfr ekrk&firk rFkk xq# dks nsork dh rjg iwtuh; ,oa nsorqY; ekurh gSA mifu"kr~ dky ls gh bu dh egÙkk izfrikfnr dh xbZ gSA u osQoy Hkkjrh; laLÑfr vfirq leLr fo'o esa ekrk dks vR;Ur iwtuh; rFkk muosQ vkKkikyu dks ije /eZ osQ :i esa izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA egkHkkjr osQ ;{kksik[;ku esa Hkh ekrk dks tks Hkwfe ls Hkh xq#rj cryk;k x;k gS] mlosQ ihNs Hkh ;gh jgL; gSA izLrqr ikB egkdfo Hkkl fojfpr izfrek&ukVd ls fy;k x;k gSA laLÑr osQ egku~ ukVddkj Hkkl us oSQosQ;h osQ izfr tks jke dh fu"Bk ,oe~ vknjHkkouk izLrqr dh gS&og bfrgkl esa vf}rh; gSA jke osQ jkT;kfHk"ksd u gksus nsus esa rFkk mUgsa ouokl fnykus esa oSQosQ;h dkj.k gS&;g tku dj Hkh jke oSQosQ;h ekrk dh ml vkKk dks Hkh fgrdkfj.kh gh ekurs gSaA

(izfo';) dk×pqdh;% jke% dk×pqdh;% jke% dk×pqdh;% jke%

dk×pqdh;%

& & & &

ifj=kk;rka ifj=kk;rka oqQekj%A vk;Z! d% ifj=kkrO;%A egkjkt! egkjkt% bfrA vk;Z! uuq oDrO;e~A ,d'kjhj&laf{kIrk i`fFkoh jf{krO;sfrA vFk oqQr mRiUuks¿s ;a nks"k%\ & Lotukr~A & LotukfnfrA gUr! ukfLr izrhdkj%A 'kjhjs¿fj% izgjfr ân;s LotuLrFkkA dL; Lotu'kCnks es yTtkeqRiknf;";frAA1AA & r=k HkoR;k% oSQdÕ;k%A

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

17

jke% & fdeEck;k%] rsu fg mnds.Z k xq.ksuk=k HkforO;e~A dk×pqdh;% & dFkfeo\ jke% & Jw;rke~] ;L;k% 'kØleks HkrkZ e;k iq=korh p ;kA iQys dfLeu~ Li`gk rL;k ;sukdk;± dfj";frAA2AA dk×pqdh;% & oqQekj! vyeqigrklq L=khcqf¼"kq LoektZoeqifu{ksIrqeA~ rL;k ,o [kyq opukr~ HkonfHk"ksdks fuo`Ùk%A jke% & vk;Z! xq.kk% [kYo=kA dk×pqdh;% & dFkfeo\ jke% & Jw;rke~] ouxeufuo`fÙk% ikfFkZoL;So rko& Uee fir`ijoÙkk ckyHkko% l ,oA uou`ifrfoe'ksZ ukfLr 'kÄïk iztkuk& eFk p u ifjHkksxo S fZ ×prk Hkzkrjks esAA3AA dk×pqdh;% & vFk p r;k¿ukgwrksil`r;k Hkjrks¿fHkf"kP;rka jkT; bR;qDre~ v=kkI;yksHk%\ jke% & vk;Z%! Hkoku~ [kYoLeRi{kikrknso ukFkZeos{krsA oqQr%] 'kqYosQ foif.kra jkT;a iq=kkFksZ ;fn ;kP;rsA rL;k yksHkks¿=k ukLekoaQ Hkzkr`jkT;kigkfj.kke~AA dk×pqdh;% & vFk-------------jke% & vr% ija u ekrq% ifjokna Jksrfq ePNkfeA egkjkTkL; o`ÙkkUrLrkon& fHkèkh;rke~A dk×pqdh;% & rrLrnkuhe~] 'kksdknopukn~ jkKk gLrsuo S folftZr%A fdeI;fHkera eU;s eksga p u`ifrxZr%AA5AA

18

HkkLorh

jke%

& dFka eksgeqixr%A

jke%

(usiF;s) dFka dFka eksgeqixr bfrA ;fn u lgls jkKks eksga /uq% Li`'k ek n;ke~AA & (vkd.;Z iqjrks foyksD;) v{kksH;% {kksfHkr% osQu y{e.kks /S;l Z kxj%A ;su #"Vsu i';kfe 'krkdh.kZfeokxzr%AA6AA (rr% izfo'kfr /uqckZ.kikf.kyZ{e.k%)

y{e.k%

& (lØks/e~) dFka dFka eksgeqixr bfrA ;fn u lgls jkKks eksga /uq% Li`'k ek n;ka LotufuHk`r% loksIZ ;soa e`n%q ifjHkw;rsA vFk u jQfpra eq×p Roa ekega Ñrfu'p;ks ;qofrjfgra yksoQa dr±q ;r'Nfyrk o;e~AA7AA

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

lhrk jke% y{e.k%

jke%

y{e.k% jke%

y{e.k% jke%

y{e.k%

19

& vk;Zi=q k! jksfnrO;s dkys lkSfef=k.kk /uqxgZ` hre~A viwo%Z [kYoL;k;kl%A & lqfe=kkekr%! fdfene~\ & dFka dFka fdfena ukeA ØeizkIrs ârs jkT;s Hkqfo 'kksP;klus u`iAs bnkuhefi lUnsg% ¯d {kek fueZufLorkAA8AA & lqfe=kkekr%! vLenzkT;Hkz'a kks Hkor m|ksxa tu;frA vk% vif.Mr% [kyq Hkoku~A Hkjrks ok Hkosn~ jktk o;a ok uuq rr~ lee~A ;fn rs¿fLr /uq''yk?kk l jktk ifjikY;rke~AA9AA & u 'kDuksfe jks"ka /kjf;rqeA~ Hkorq HkorqA xPNkeLrkor~A (izfLFkr%) & =kSyksD;a nX/qdkeso yykViqVlafLFkrkA Hk`o ` Qq fVyZ{e.kL;S"kk fu;rho O;ofLFkrkAA10AA lqfe=kkekr%! brLrkor~A & vk;Z! v;efLeAA & Hkor% LFkS;eZ Rq ikn;rk e;SoefHkfgre~A mP;rkfenhuke~A rkrs /uquZ ef; lR;eos{;ek.ks eq×pkfu ekrfj 'kja Lo/ua gjUR;ke~A nks"ks"kq ckáeuqta Hkjra gukfu ¯d jks"k.kk; jQfpja f=k"kq ikrosQ"kqAA11AA & (lok"ie~) gk f/d~! vLekufoKk;ksikyHklsA ;RÑrs egfr Dys'ks jkT;s es u euksjFk%A o"kkZf.k fdy oLrO;a prqn'Z k ous Ro;kAA12AA

20

HkkLorh

jke%

&

lhrk jke% lhrk jke% lhrk jke% lhrk jke% lhrk jke% y{e.k%

& & & & & & & & & & &

v=k eksgeqixrLr=kHkoku~A gUr! fuosfnreizHkqRoe~A eSfFkfy! eÄõykFks¿Z u;k nÙkku~ oYdykaLrkonku;A djksE;U;SuiZ` / S eZ ± uSokIra uksiikfnre~AA13AA x`ÊkRok;Zi=q k%A eSfFkfy! ¯d O;oflre~\ uuq lg/eZpkfj.kh [kYoge~A e;Sdkfduk fdy xUrO;e~A vrks uq [kYouqxPNkfeA ous [kyq oLrO;e~A rr~ [kyq es izklkn%A 'oJw'o'kqj'kqJ"w kkfi p rs fuoZrfZ ;rO;kA ,ukeqfí'; nsorkuka iz.kke% fØ;rsA y{e.k! ok;Zrkfe;e~A vk;Z! uksRlgs 'yk?kuh;s dkys okjf;rqe=kHkorhe~A

'kCnkFkkZ% ekrqjkKk xjh;lh ifj=kk;rke~ ifj=kkrO;% oDrO;e~ ,d'kjhjlaf{kIrk Lotukr~ izrhdkj%

& & & & & & & &

ekrq% $ vkKk] ekrqjkns'k% ¾ ekrk dh vkKkA Js"Bk] Js"B gSA j{;rke~] cpkvksA j{k.kh;% j{kk osQ ;ksX;A dFkf;rO;e~] dguk pkfg,A ,dek=kfLFkrk] ,d 'kjhj esa fLFkrA LolnL;kr~] vius (gh) O;fDr lsA fuokj.ke~] fuokj.k (jksdFkke)A

21

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

'kjhjs¿fj% 'kjhjs vfj% izgjfr mRiknf;";fr r=kHkoR;k% oSQdsÕ;k% mnosZQ.k xq.ksu Jw;rke~ 'kØle% Li`gk vktZoe~ mifu{ksIrqa fuo`Ùk% fir`ijoÙkk vukgwrksil`r;k

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

bR;qDre~ v=kkI;yksHk% [kYoLeRi{kikrknso ukFkZes{krs foif.kre~ iq=kkFksZ ;kP;rs yksHkks¿=k

& & & & & & & &

'kjhjs $ vfj%A nsgs] 'kjhj esaA 'k=kq%] 'k=kqA izgkja djksfr] izgkj djrk gSA tuf;";fr] mRiUu djsxkA lEeku;ksX;k;k%] vknj.kh;k dk@dsA oSQosQ;h dkA ifj.kke okysA vPNs xq.kokysA vkd.;Zrke~] lqfu,A bUnzrqY;%] bUnz osQ lekuA dkeukA lkjY;e~] lh/kiuA jf{krqe~] j[kukA vo#¼] #d x;kA firqj/hurk] firk dh v/hurkA vukgwrizkIr;k u $ vkgwr;k $ mil`r;k fcuk cqyk, lehi igqp ¡ h gqbZA bfr fuxfnre~] bfr mDre~ ¾ ,slk dgkA v=kkfi yksHkkHkko%] v=k $ vfi $ vyksHk%] blesa Hkh yksHk ughaA [kyq $ vLer~ $ i{kikr ls gh] ;FkkFk± u i';frA u $ vFkZe~ $ vos{krs (i';fr) okLrfodrk dks ugha ns[krkA nkrqa izfrKkre~] nsus osQ fufeÙkA iq=kfufeÙke~] iq=k osQ fufeÙkA vF;Zrs] ek¡xk tk jgk gSA yksHk% $ v=k ¾ ;gk¡ yksHkA

22

HkkLorh

ukLekde~ Hkzkr`jkT;kigkfj.ke~

& &

ifjokne~ o`ÙkkUr% vfHk/h;rke~ rkor~ 'kksdkr~ vopukr~ gLrsuSo folftZr% fdefi vfHkere~ eU;s eksge~ xr% mixr% v{kksH;% /S;Zlkxj% #"Vsu 'krkdh.kZe~ lgls LotufuHk`r% loksZ¿I;soe~ e`nq% ifjHkw;rs Ñrfu'p;%

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

u $ vLekde~ ¾ gekjk ughaA Hkzkr`jkT;L; vigkfj.ke~ HkkbZ osQ jkT; dk vigj.k djus okyksa dkA fuUnke~] fuUnk dksA okrkZ] lekpkjA dF;rke~] dfg,A rks] vHkhA nq%[kkr~] nq[k lsA opu jkfgR;kr~] u dgus lsA gLrsu $ ,o] djs.kSo] gkFk ls gh (b'kkjs ls gh)A fuofrZr%] fonk fd;kA fde~ $ vfi] dksbAZ vHkh"Ve~] vHkh"VA Lohdjksfe] eSa (,slk) ekurk gw¡A ewPNkZe~] ewPNkZ dksA izkIr%] izkIr gqvkA vf/xr%] izkIr gqvkA {kqC/ u gksus okykA /S;Zleqnz%] /S;Z dk leqnzA ozqQ¼su] ozqQ¼ lsA lSdM+ksa yksxksa ls O;kIrA lgua djksf"k] lgu djrs gSaA vkReh;tuksa osQ izfr fou;;qDrA loZ% $ vfi $ ,oe~] lc gh ,slkA dkseyA frjfLØ;rs] frjLdkj dks izkIr gksrk gSA fofgrfu'p;%] dj fy;k gS fu'p; ftlusA

23

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

;qofrjfgre~ Nfyrk% viwoZ% [kYoL;k;kl%

& & &

ØeizkIrs 'kksP;klus fueZufLork vLen~jkT;Hkza'k% /uq%'yk?kk ifjikY;rke~ nX/qdkeso

& & & & & & &

LFkS;Ze~ mRikn;rk e;SoefHkfgre~ vfoKk;ksikyHkls fuosfnre~ vizHkqRoe~ uSokIre~ uksiikfnre~ x`ÊkRok;Ziq=k% vk;Ziq=k% e;Sdkfduk fuoZrZf;rO;k ok;Zrke~

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

L=khjfgre~] ;qofr;ksa ls jfgrA of×prk%] Bxk;s x;sA [kyq $ vL; $ vk;kl%] bldk iz;kl fu'p; gh vk'p;Ztud gSA Øe'k% izkIrA 'kksd;qDrs vklus 'kksd ;ksX; vklu ijA fuLrstfLork] ân;'kwU;rkA gekjs jkT; dk fouk'k gksxkA /uqfoZ|k esa vkReLrqfrA j{kk dhft,A nX/qdkek $ bo] HkLelkRdrZqdkek] ekuksa tykus dh bPNk okyhA fLFkjrkA mRi djus okys osQ }kjkA e;k $ ,oe~ $ vfHkfgre~] eSaus ,slk dgkA vfoKk; $ mikyHkls] fouk tkus mikyEHk nsrs gksA dfFkre~] izdV dj fn;kA vlkeF;Z dksA u $ ,o $ vkIre~] uSo izkIre~] izkIr ugha fd;kA u miikfnre~] u lEikfnre~ ugha fd;kA x`g~.kkrq $ vk;Ziq=k% ¾ vk;Z iq=k Lohdkj djsaA ifr osQ fy, lEcks/uA e;k $ ,dkfduk] eq>s vosQys osQ }kjkA fuorZuh;k] djuh pkfg,A fuok;Zrke~] jksdksA

24

HkkLorh

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) ,d'kjhjlaf{kIrk dk jf{krO;k\ ([k) 'kjhjs d% izgjfr\ (x) Lotu% oqQ=k izgjfr\ (?k) oSQosQÕ;k% HkrkZ osQu le% vklhr~\ (Ä) d% ekrq% ifjokna Jksrqa u bPNfr\ (p) osQu yksoaQ ;qofrjfgra oQr±q fu'p;% Ñr%\ (N) izfrek ukVdL; jpf;rk d%\

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) jkeL; vfHk"ksd% dFka fuo`Ùk%\ ([k) n'kjFkL; eksga JqRok y{e.ksu jks"ks.k fde~ mDre~\ (x) y{e.ksu ¯ddrq± fu'p;% Ñr%\ (?k) jkes.k =khf.k ikrdkfu dkfu mDrkfu\ (Ä) jke% y{e.kL; jks"ka dFka izfrikn;fr\

3-

js[kkfÄïrkfu inkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) e;k ,dkfduk xUrO;e~A ([k) nks"ks"kq ckãe~ vuqta Hkjra gukfuA (x) jkKk gLrsu ,o folftZr%A (?k) ikfFkZoL; ouxeufuo`fÙk% Hkfo";frA (Ä) 'kjhjs vfj% izgjfrA

4-

vèkksfyf[krs"kq laokns"kq d% oaQ izfr dFk;fr bfr fy[kr& laokn% d% dFk;fr\ --------------------(d) ,d'kjhjlaf{kIrk i`fFkoh jf{krO;kA ([k) vyeqigrklq L=khcqf¼"kq LoektZoeqifu{ksIrqe~ ---------------------

oaQ izfr dFk;fr -----------------------------------------

25

ekrqjkKk xjh;lh

(x) uou`ifrfoe'ksZ ukfLr 'kÄïk iztkuke~ (?k) jksfnrO;s dkys lkSfef=k.kk /uqx`gZ hre~ (Ä) u 'kDuksfe jks"ka /kjf;rqe~ (p) ,ukeqfí'; nsorkuka iz.kke% fØ;rs (N) ;RÑrs egfr Dys'ks jkT;s es u euksjFk%

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5-

ikBekfJR; ^jkeL;* ^y{e.kL;* p pkfjf=kd&oSf'k"V~;a fgUnh@vaxzsth@laLÑr Hkk"k;k fy[kr&

6-

ikBkr~ fpRok vO;;inkfu fy[kr& mnkgj.kkfu uuq] r=k -------------------A

7-

vèkksfyf[krs"kq ins"kq izÑfr&izR;;kS i`Fko~Q ÑRok fy[kr& ifj=kkrO;%] oDrO;e~] jf{krO;k] HkforO;e~] iq=korh] Jksreq ]~ folftZr%] xr%] {kksfHkr%] èkkjf;rqeA~

8-

vèkksfyf[krkuka inkuka laLÑr&okD;s"kq iz;ksx% dj.kh;%& 'kjhjs] izgjfr] HkrkZ] vfHk"ksd%] ikfFkZoL;] iztkuke~] gLrsu] /S;Zlkxj%] i';kfe] djs.kq%] xUrO;e~A

9-

vèkksfyf[krkuka LoHkk"k;k HkkokFk± fy[kr& (d) 'kjhjs¿fj% izgjfr ân;s LotuLrFkkA ([k) uou`ifrfoe'ksZ ukfLr 'kÄïk iztkuke~A (x) ;fn u lgls jkKks eksga /uq% Li`'k ek n;ke~A (?k) ;RÑrs egfr Dys'ks jkT;s es u euksjFk%A

10- vèkksfyf[krins"kq lfU/PNsn% dk;Z%& jf{krO;sfr] xq.ksuk=k] 'kjhjs¿fj%] LotuLrFkk] ;sukdk;Ze~] [kYoLer~] fdeI;fHkere~ gLrsuSo] nX/qdkesoA

26

HkkLorh

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% ^dkO;s"kq ukVoaQ jE;e~* bR;uqHkw; egkdfo&Hkklsu je.kh;Roa izfrikn;rk ukVdkfu ,o jfprkfuA ukVdh;k;k% ijEijk;k% izorZua Hkklknso izkI;rsA ;|fi HkklL; izkekf.koaQ thou&o`Ùka uSoksiyH;rs rFkkfi osQpu~ fo}kal% egkdfoe~ mTtf;uhde~ eU;UrsA HkklukVdpozsQ&LoIuoklonRre~] izfrKk;kSxUèkjk;.ke~] izfrekukVde~] vfoekjde~] ckypfjre~] vfHk"ksde~] i×pjk=ke~] eè;eO;k;ksx%] Å#HkÄeõ ~] nwr?kVksRdpe~] d.kZHkkje~] nwrokD;e~] pk#nÙke~ p =k;ksn'k ukVdkfu x.;UrsA izfrekukVde~ & ,rÂkVde~ lIrkÄiï fjfere~ fo|rsA vfLeu~ jkeouoklknkjH; jko.koèki;ZUra dFkk of.kZrk orZrsA ekrqyx`gkr~ fuorZeku% Hkjr% ;nk ekxsZ v;ksè;k;k% ik'osZ izfrek&efUnjs LofnoÄõrs"kq iwoZts"kq egkjkTkL; n'kjFkL; izfreka i';fr rnk l% firq% ej.kfo"k;s tkukfrA rnSo jkejko.k;ks% ;q¼L; lans'k% izkI;rs] Hkjr% jkeL; lgk;rkFk± lSU;cya izs"k;frA izfre;k ukVosQu firq% ej.kL; lwpuk;k% dkj.kkr~ vL; ukVdL;kfHk/kue~ izfrekukVde~ tkre~A

prqFkZ% ikB%

iztkuqj×tdks u`i% izLrqr ikB egkdfo dkfynkl fojfpr j?kqoa'k osQ izFke lxZ ls fy;k x;k gSA bu vkjfEHkd 'yksdksa esa dkfynkl egku~ j?kqoqQy osQ jktkvksa osQ xq.kksa osQ o.kZu osQ ekè;e ls lalkj dks ;g crkus dh ps"Vk djrs gSa fd 'kkldksa esa dkSu&dkSu ls xq.k gksus pkfg,\ jktk dk eq[; /eZ iztk dk vuqj×tu djuk gSA jktk dks iztk osQ dY;k.k osQ fy, gh iztk ls dj ysdj dks"k ,df=kr djuk pkfg;sA dj&xzg.k djus dk mís'; vkifÙk vkus ij iztk dk d"Vfuokj.k djuk gksrk gSA jktk dks fo}ku~] lR;oknh] bfUnz;fuxzgh rFkk iztkikyd gksuk pkfg,A bl lalkj esa os gh jktoa'k fpjdky rd jkT; djrs gSa] ftuesa j?kqoa'kh jktkvksa osQ leku xq.k ik, tkrs gSaA dkfynkl bl osQ ekè;e ls u osQoy Hkkjr osQ vfirq fo'o osQ 'kkldksa osQ le{k ;s vuqdj.kh; vkn'kZ izLrqr djrs gSaA iztkikyu] iztkuqj×tu gh 'kkld dk izeq[k /eZ gS&;g èofu bl ls izdV gksrh gSA

28

HkkLorh

R;kxk; laHk`rkFkkZuka lR;k; ferHkkf"k.kke~A ;'kls foftxh"kw.kka iztk;S x`gesf/uke~ AA1AA 'kS'kos¿H;Lrfo|kuka ;kSous fo"k;Sf"k.kke~A ok¼ZoQs eqfuo`Ùkhuka ;ksxus kUrs ruqR;tke~ AA2AA j?kw.kkeUo;a o{;s ruqokfXoHkoks¿fi lu~A rn~x.q kS% d.kZekxR; pkiyk; izpksfnr% AA3AA oSoLorks euqukZe ekuuh;ks euhf"k.kke~A vklhUeghf{krkek|% iz.ko'NUnlkfeo AA4AA rnUo;s 'kqf¼efr izlrw % 'kqf¼eÙkj%A fnyhi bo jktsUnqfjUnq% {khjfu/kfoo AA5AA vkdkjln`'kizK% izK;k ln`'kkxe%A vkxeS% ln`'kkjEHk vkjEHkln`'kksn;% AA6AA iztkukeso HkwR;Fk± l rkH;ks cfyexzghr~A lgÏxq.keqRÏ"VqeknÙks fg jla jfo% AA7AA Kkus ekSua {kek 'kDrkS R;kxs 'yk?kkfoi;Z;%A xq.kk xq.kkuqcfU/RokÙkL; lizlok bo AA8AA iztkuka fou;k/kuknz{k.kk‰j.kknfiA l firk firjLrklka osQoya tUegsro% AA9AA }s"s ;ks¿fi laer% f'k"VLrL;krZL; ;FkkS"k/e~A R;kT;ks nq"V% fiz;ks¿I;klhnÄ~xy q hoksjx{krk AA10AA

29

iztkuqj×tdks u`i%

l osykoizoy;ka ifj[khÑrlkxjke~A vuU;'kklukeqoh± 'k'kklSdiqjhfeo AA11AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p lEHk`rkFkkZuke~

&

ferHkkf"k.kke~

&

fotxh"kw.kke~

&

x`gesf/uke~

&

fo"k;Sf"k.kke~

&

ruqR;tke~

&

vUo;e~ ruqokfXoHko%

& &

pkiyk; izpksfnr% euhf"k.kke~ eghf{krke~

& & & &

iz.ko% NUnlke~ vUo;s

& & &

laHk`r% vFkZ% ;S% rs"kke~ cgqohz fg lf×p¼ukuke~] /u bdV~Bk djus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A fera Hkk"kUrs ;s rs rs"kke~] miin rRiq#"k] lhferHkk"k.kdrZ.Ï kke~] lhfer cksyus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A fo $ ft $ lu~ $ m] "k-c-o-] fot;L;&bPNqdkuke~] fot; dh bPNk j[kus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A x`gs es/Urs rs"kke~] miin rRiq#"k] nkjifjxzgk.kke~] fookg djus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A fo"k;ku~ bPNfUr rs"kke~] miin rRiq#"k] HkksxkfHkykf"k.kka] Hkksx dh bPNk j[kus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A ruqa R;tfUr rs"kke~] miin rRiq#"k] nsgR;kfxuke~] 'kjhj dk R;kx djus okys (j?kqoaf'k;ksa dk)A oa'ke~] oa'k osQ fo"k; esaA ruq oko~Q ,o foHko% ;L; l% cgqohz fg] LoYiok.khizlkj%] ok.kh dk FkksM+k oSHkoA piyL;Hkko%] piy $ v.k~] pkiye~] piyrk osQ fy,A iz $ pqn~ $ Dr iq-iz-,-o-] izsfjr%] izsj.kk fd;k gqvkA eu"k% bZf"k.k% euhf"k.k% rs"kke~ fonq"kke~] fo}kuksa esaA egha f{k;fUr bfr eghf{kr% rs"kke~ f{krh'ojk.kke~] jktkvksa esaA vksÄïkj%] vks¿e~ 'kCnA osnkuke~] osnksa esaA oa'ks] oa'k esaA

30

HkkLorh

'kqf¼efr

&

izlwr% jktsUnq%

& &

bUnq% {khjfu/kS vkdkjln`'kizK%

& & &

izK;k ln`'kkxe%

&

vkxeS% ln`'kkjEHk%

&

vkjEHkln`'kksn;%

&

HkwR;FkZe~

&

cfye~ lgÏxq.keqRÏ"Vqe~ mRÏ"Vqe~ vknRrs 'yk?kkfoi;Z;%

& & & & &

xq.kkuqcfUèkRokr~

&

lizlok bo fou;kèkkukr~ j{k.kkr~

& & &

'kqf¼ $ erqi~ iq- lIreh ,-o-] 'kqf¼jL;kfLr bfr 'kqf¼eku~ rfLeu~ (ifo=k oa'k esa)A iz $ lw $ Dr] tkr%] mRi gqvkA jkKke~ bUnq%] "k"Bh rRiq#"k iq-iz- ,-o-] jktJs"B] jktkvksa esa Js"BA pUnzek%] pUnzekA {khjleqnzs] {khj lkxj esaA vkdkjs.k ln`'kh izKk ;L; l%] vkdkj osQ leku cqf¼ okysA izK;k ln`'kk% vkxek% ;L; l% cgqozhfg] izK;k vuq:i% 'kkL=kifjJe%] cqf¼ osQ vuq:i 'kkL=k dk vH;klA 'kkL=kS% ln`'k vkjEHk%] 'kkL=kksa osQ vuqlkj (deZ) vkpj.k djus okykA vkjEHks . k ln` ' k% mn;% ;L; l% cgq c z h fg] iz k jEHk& ln`'kflf¼;qDr%] izkjEHk osQ leku iQy dh flf¼ okykA HkwR;S bfr] vFkZ osQ ;ksx es prqFkhZ rRiq#"k] o`nè~ ;FkZe]~ (mUufr) HkykbZ osQ fy,A dje~] dj dks (VSDl dks)A lgÏ/k nkrqe~] gtkj xquk nsus osQ fy,A mn~ $ l`t~ $ rqequ~] nsus osQ fy,A vk $ nk] yV~ iz-iq- ,-o- x`g~.kkfr] xzg.k djrk gSA 'yk?kk;k foi;Z;%] "k"Bh rRiq#"k] fodRFkuk;kHkko%] viuh cM+kbZ u djus okykA xq.kku~ vuqcèufUr] xq.kkuqcfUèku%] rs"kka Hkko% rLekr~] Kkukfnxq.kkuqlkfjRokr~] Kkukfn xq.kksa osQ vuqdj.k djus lsA lksnjk bo] lgksnj osQ lekuA fouezrkf'k{k.kkr~] fouezrk vkfn dh f'k{kk nsus lsA =kk.kkr~] j{kk djus osQ dkj.k lsA

31

iztkuqj×tdks u`i%

Hkj.kkr~ tUegsro% mjx{krk vÄq õyho osykoizoy;ka

& & & & &

ifj[khÑrlkxjke~

&

vuU;'kkluke~

&

mohZe~ 'k'kkl

& &

iks"k.kkr~] Hkj.k&iks"k.k osQ gsrq lsA tUeu% ,o gsro%] tUeek=kdÙkkZj%] tUe ek=k nsus osQ dkj.kA mjxs.k {krk] liZ] lk¡i ls dkVh xbZA vaxqyh osQ lekuA osyk ,o oizoy;% ;L;k% lk rka cgqczhfg] leqnz& owQyizkdkjk;ka] leqnz dk fdukjk gh ftl uxj dh izeq[k nhokj dk ijdksVk gSA ifjr% [kkrk% ifj[kk%] ifj[kk% Ñrk% lkxjk% ;L;k% lk rke~] leqnz dh pgjnhokjh dksA u vfLr vU;L; 'kklua ;L;ka lk rke~] cgqczhfg lekl u vU;'kklosQu 'kkflrke~] vU; jktk osQ }kjk 'kklu u dh xbZA i`fFkohe~] i`Foh dksA 'kklua Ñroku~] 'kklu fd;kA

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) osQ"kke~ vUo;% dkfynklsu foof{kr%\ ([k) j?kqoaf'ku% vUrs osQu ruqa R;tfUr\ (x) eghf{krke~ vk|% d% vklhr~\ (?k) dklka firj% osQoya tUegsro%\ (Ä) d% fiz;% vfi R;kT;%\ (p) fnyhi% iztkuka HkwR;Fk± de~ vxzghr~\ (N) jktsUnq% fnyhi% j?kw.kkeUo;s {khjfu/kS d% bo izlwr%\

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) egkdfodkfynklsu oSoLorks euq% eghf{krke~ dhn`'k% fuxfnr%\ ([k) dkfynkl% ruqokfXoHko% lu~ vfi rn~xq.kS% dFka izpksfnr%\

32

HkkLorh

(x) osQ ra (j?kqoa'ka) JksrqegZfUr\ (?k) fnyhiL; dk;kZ.kke~ vkjEHk% dhn`'k% vklhr~\ (Ä) jfo% jla fdeFkZe~ vknÙks\ 3-

js[kkfÄïrkfu inkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) l% iztkukeso HkwR;Fk± cfye~ vxzghr~A ([k) iztkuka fou;k/kukr~ l% firk vklhr~A (x) euhf"k.kka ekuuh;% euq% vklhr~A (?k) 'kqf¼efr vUo;s fnyhi% izlwr%A (Ä) firj% tUegsro% vklu~A

4-

v/ksfyf[krkuka HkkokFk± fgUnh@vkaXy@laLÑr LoHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) iztkukeso HkwR;Fk± l rkH;ks cfyexzghr~A ([k) vkxeS% ln`'kkjEHk% vkjEHkln`'kksn;%A (x) l firk firjLrklka osQoya tUegsro%A (?k) vuU;'kklukeqoh± 'k'kklSdiqjhfeoA

5-

v/ksfyf[krs"kq foijhrkFkZesyua oqQ#r& ;kSous piyrke~ ekSue~ 'kklue~ u vdjksr~ R;kT;% v{krk 'k'kkl xzká% {krk ok/ZosQ

6-

v/ksfyf[krs"kq izÑfr&izR;;&foHkkx% fØ;rke~& vkxR;] mRÏ"Vqe~] laer%] R;kT;%] f'k"V%

7-

lfU/e~ lfU/&foPNsna ok oqQ#r& ruqokfXoHkoks¿fi] ;ksxsukUrs] rkH;% $ cfye~] 'k'kklSdiqjhfeoA

33

iztkuqj×tdks u`i%

8-

v/ksfyf[krL; 'yksd};L; vUo;a oqQ#r& iztkuka fou;k/kuknz{k.kk‰j.kknfiA l firk firjLrklka osQoya tUegsro%AA l osykoizoy;ka ifj[khÑrlkxjke~A vuU;'kklukeqoh± 'k'kklSdiqjhfeoAA

9-

v/ksfyf[krs"kq fo'ks"k.k&fo'ks";;ks% esyua oqQ#r& ekuuh;% vÄy õ h q jktsUnq% vkrZL; tUegsro% euq% mjx{krk fnyhi% rL; firj%

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% ^j?kqoa'ke~* egkdfodkfynklL; jpuklq egkdkO;s"kq x.;rsA lkfgR;niZ.ks egkdkO;L; y{k.kfena izkI;rs&^lxZcU/ks egkdkO;e~* ,rfLeu~ nso%] mnkÙkxq.k;qDr%] mPpoqQyksRiÂ% {kf=k;ks ok uk;dks Hkosr~A ,dfLeu~ oa'ks leqRiÂk% cgoks jktkuks¿fi uk;dk% Hkforqe~ vgZfUrA jls"kq Ük`Äkõ jks] ohj% 'kkUrks ok jl% izk/kU;su] 'ks"kjlk% vÄ: õ is.k p iz;qT;UrsA prqfoZ/iq#"kkFkkZuka /ekZFkZdkeeks{kk.kka ykHk% egkdkO;L; iQy:is.k LohÑr%A egkdkO;L; ,dfLeu~ lxsZ ,dL;So NUnl% iz;ksx%] lxkZUrs p NUnfl ifjorZua bfr egkdkO;L; y{k.ks fufnZ"Ve~A ,rr~ lo± j?kqoa'kegkdkO;s izkI;rsA vusu egkdfouk izÑrs% fp=k.ka Loh;s egkdkO;s eqÙkQHkkosu ewÙkZ:is.k Ñre~A v=k vklw;kZr~ vfXuo.k± ;kor~ u`ik.kka xzkáxq.kkuka R;kT;nks"kk.kka pksYys[k% fo|rsA egkdkO;fene~ ,dksu¯o'kfrlxs"Z kq fuc¼efLrA dkfynklL; }s egkdkO;s j?kqoa'ke~ oqQekjlEHkoe~] ukVd=k;a ekyfodkfXufe=ke~] foØeksoZ'kh;e~] vfHkKku'kkoqQUrye~ [k.MdkO;s"kq p es?knwre~] ½rqlagkj×p foJqrkfuA

i pe% ikB%

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk izLrqr ikB f’kojktfot; uked laL r Hkk"kk osQ izFke miU;kl ls fy;k x;k gS] ftl osQ ys[kd ia- vfEcdkn kO;kl gSAa O;kl th dk tUe ml le; gqvk] tc Hkkjr ijk/hurk dh csfM+;ksa esa tdM+k gqvk FkkA 1857 dk LorU=krk laxzke vliQy gks pqdk Fkk] turk fujk’k gks pqdh Fkh] vaxt zs ksa osQ vR;kpkj c<+rs tk jgs FksA ,sls le; esa LorU=krk&izkfIr dh vy[k txkus osQ fy, tgk¡ jktuSfrd eap ij usrk lf ; Fks] ogha rRdkyhu ys[kd Hkh bl dk;Z esa ihNs ugha jgsA caxkyhHkk"kk esa fy[ks x, miU;klksa dh yksdfiz;rk ls izsj.kk izkIr dj vfEcdkn k O;kl us laL rHkk"kk esa f’kojktfot; uked miU;kl dh jpuk dhA blesa ys[kd us f’kokth ,oe~ vkSjaxtsc osQ la?k"kZ dks vk/kj cuk;k gSA izLrqr laikfnr ikB esa nqxZ osQ }kjiky dh bZekunkjh rFkk LokfeHkfDr dh eg kk izfrikfnr djrs gq, cM+s gh ukVdh;
lao‘ ks fdf pnU/dkjs Hkq’kq.Mha LdU/s fu/k; fuiq.ka fujh{kek.k%] vkxr&izR;kxra p fon/ku%] izrkinqxnZ kSokfjd% dL;kfi ikn{ksiŁofufeokJkS"khr~A rr% fLFkjhHkw;

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk

35

iqjr% i’;u~ lR;fi nhiizdk’ks deI;uoyksd;u~ xEHkhjLojs.kSoe~ voknhr~&^^d% dks¿=k Hkks%\ d% dks¿=k Hkks%\** bfrA vFk {k.kkuUrja iqu% l ,o iknŁofujJkohfr Hkw;% lk{ksieokspr~&^^d ,"k ekeuq kj;u~ eqe"w kZ%q lek;kfr cf/j%\ rrks ^^nkSokfjd! ’kkUrks Hko fdfefr O;Fk– eqe"w kqfZ jfr cfŁkj bfr p onfl\** bfr oDrkjei’;rSok¿¿df.kZ eUnzLojesnjq k ok.khA vFk ^^rr~ fld ukKkf; v|kfi Hkork izHkqo;kZ.kkekns’kks ;n~ nkSokfjosQ.k izgfj.kk ok f=k%i‘"Vks¿s fi izR;q kjennn~ gUrO;% bfr** bR;soa Hkk"kek.ksu }k%LFksu {kE;rkes"k vkxPNkfe] vkxR; p fuf[kya fuosn;kfe** bfr dFk;u~ }kn’ko"ks.Z k osQukfi fHk{kkoVqukuqxE;eku% dks¿fi dk"kk;oklk% /‘rrqEchik=k% HkO;ewfrZ% laU;klh n‘"V%A rrLr;ksjo s e~ vHkwnkyki%& laU;klh & dFkeLeku~ laU;kfluks¿fi dBksjHkk"k.kSfLrjLdjksf"k\ nkSokfjd%& Hkxou~! laU;klh rqjh;kJelsohfr iz.kE;rs] ijUrq izHkw.kkekKkeqyy ~ ?a ; futifjp;ennnsok¿¿;krhR;kozQq ’;rsA laU;klh & lR;a {kkUrks¿;eijk/%] ija laU;kfluks czªpkfj.k% if.Mrk%] fL=k;ks ckyk’p u fdefi iz"VO;k%A vkRekue~ vifjpk;;Urks¿fi izo"s VO;k%A nkSokfjd%& laU;kflu~! laU;kflu~! cgwDre~] foje u o;a nkSokfjdk czª.kks¿I;kKka izrh{kkegs] osQoya egkjktf’koohjL;kKka o;a f’kjlk ogke%A izkg~.ks egkjktL; lUŁ;ksiklule;s Hkokn‘’kkuka izo’s kle;ks Hkofr] u rq jk=kkSA laU;klh & rr~ fld dks¿fi u izfo’kfr jk=kkS\ nkSokfjd%& (lk{ksie~) dks¿fi dFka u izfo’kfr\ ifjfprk ok] izkIrifjp;i=kk ok] vkgwrk ok izfo’kfUr] u rq ;s osQ¿fi lekxrk Hkokn‘’kk%A laU;klh & nkSokfjd! br vk;kfg fdefi d.ksZ dFkf;";kfeA nkSokfjd%& (rFkk ROkk) dF;rke~A

36

HkkLorh

laU;klh & ;fn Roa eka izfo’kUra u izfr#U/s% rn/quo S ifj" rikjnHkLe rqH;a n|ke~ ;Fkk Roa xq tkek=ks.kkfi }ki pk’kRla[;kdrqykifjfera rkeza lqo.k– fo/krqa ’kDuq;k%A nkSokfjd%& gagks] diVlaU;kflu~! dFka fo’okl?kkra Lokfeo pua p f’k{k;fl\ rs osQpukU;s HkofUr uhpk ;s mRdkspyksHksu Lokfeua o pf;Rok vkRekue~ vU/refl ikr;fUr u o;a f’kox.kkLrkn‘’kk%A (laU;kfluks gLra /‘Rok) brLrq lR;a dFk; dLRoe~\ oqQr vk;kr%\ osQu ok izfs "kr%\ laU;klh & vga rq Roka dL;kfi ns’knzkfs g.kks xw
’kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;’p lao‘ ks fdf pnU/dkjs Hkq’kq.Mhe~ LdUŁks

& & & &

gksus ijA fdf pr~ $ vUŁkdkjs oqQN v¡/sjk (gksus ij)A cUnwd dksA dU/s ijA

37

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk

fu/k; fuiq.ke~ fujh{kek.k% vkxr&izR;kxra fon/ku% izrkinqxZnkSokfjd% dL;kfi ikn{ksiŁofufeokJkS"khr~

& & & & & & & &

rr% fLFkjhHkw; iqjr% i’;u~ lR;fi nhiizdk’ks deI;uoyksd;u~ voknhr~ d% dks¿=k Hkks%\ vFk {k.kkuUrje~ iqu% l ,o iknŁofujJkohfr lk{ksieokspr~ d ,"k ekeuq kj;u~

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

eqew"kqZ%

&

j[kdj (fu milxZ /k /krq] Y;i~ izR;;)A Hkyh&Hkk¡frA ns[krs gq, (fu milxZ bZ{k~ /krq] ’kkup~ izR;;)A vkuk&tkukA vPNh rjg tkurs&le rel="nofollow">rs gq,A izrkinqxZ dk }kjiky (izrkinqxZL; nkSokfjd%)A fdlh osQ (dL; $ vfi)A ikn{ksiŁofue~ $ bo $ vJkS"khr~] iknkuke~ {ksiL; Łofue~ ikn{ksiŁofue~] iSjksa osQ j[kus tSlh vkokt dks lqukA rcA fLFkj gksdj (pkSdUuk gksdj)A vkxsA ns[krs gq, (n‘’k~ /krq ’kr‘ izR;;)A lfr $ vfi (dh fLFkfr es)a A nhikuke~ izdk’ks] nhi osQ izdk’k esaA de~ $ vfi $ vuoyksd;u~] fdlh dks u ns[krs gq,A cksykA d% $ d% $ v=k] gs! dkSu] dkSu gS ;gk¡\ blosQ ckn (fiQj)A {k.kL; vuUrje~A fiQjA l% $ ,o] oghA iknŁofu% $ vJkfo $ bfr] inŁofu lquh xbZA lk{ksie~ $ vokspr~] Mk¡Vrs gq, dgkA d% $ ,"k% $ eke~ $ vuq kj;u~] ;g dkSu eq>s fcuk m kj fn,A e‘R;q dk bPNqdA

38

HkkLorh

lek;kfr cf/j% nkSokfjd ’kkUrks Hko fdfefr O;FkZe~ onfl oDrkjei’;rSok¿df.kZ

& & & & & & & &

vi’;rk

&

oDrkje~ vkdf.kZ eUnzLojesnqjk ok.kh ukKkf; f=k%i‘"Vks¿fi izR;q kjennn~ gUrO;% bR;soe~ Hkk"kek.ksu }k%LFksu {kE;rkes"k% fHk{kkoVqukuqxE;eku%

& & & & & & & & & & & &

dk"kk;oklk% rrLr;ksjsoeHkwnkyki%

&

pyk vk jgk gSA cgjkA gs }kjikyA ’kkUr% Hko & ’kkUr gksb,A fde~ $ bfr] ;g D;kA O;FkZ ghA dg jgs gks\ oDrkje~ $ vi’;rk $ ,o $ vkdf.kZ] cksyus okys dks u ns[krs gq, lqukA n‘’k~ /krq] ’kr‘ izR;;] r‘rh;k ,dopu] u k~ vFkZ es]a u ns[krs gq, ds }kjkA oDrk dksA lquk x;kA eUnzLojs.k esnjq k ok.kh] xEHkhj Loj ls ifjiw.kZA u $ vKkf;] ugha igpkuk x;kA f=k% i‘"V% $ vfi] rhu ckj iwNs tkus ij HkhA izR;q kje~ $ vnnn~] m kj u fn, tkus okykA oŁ; gSA bfr $ ,oe~] bl izdkjA Hkk"k~ /krq] ’kkup~ izR;;] cksyrs gq, (osQ }kjk)A }kj ij fLFkr ls] }kjs fLFkr% ;% l% rsuA {kE;rke~ $ ,"k%] {kek djsa] ;gA fHk{kkoVquk $ vuqxE;eku%] fHk{kqd czªpkjh }kjk vuqxeu fd;k tkrk gqvkA dk"kk;kf.k oklakfl /kj;fr ;% l%] dk"kk; oL=k ŁkkjhA & rr% $ r;ks% $ ,oe~ $ vHkwr~ $ vkyki%] rc mu nksuksa esa bl izdkj dk okrkZyki gqvkA

39

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk

laU;kfluks¿fi

& laU;kflu% $ vfiA

dBksjHkk"k.kSfLrjLdjksf"k

& dBksjHkk"k.kS% $ frjLdjksf"k] dBksjkf.k p rkfu Hkk"k.kkfu rS%] dBksj Hkk"k.kksa ls frjL r dj jgs gksA

rqjh;kJelsohfr

& rqjh;k $ vkJelsoh $ bfr] rqjh;% p vlkS vkJe%] ra lsors ;% l%] prqFkZ vkJe dk vuqikyu djus okysA

izHkw.kkekKkeqYya?;

& izHkw.kke~ $ vkKke~ $ mYya?;] jktk dh vkKk dk mYya?ku djosQA

futifjp;ennnsok¿¿;krhR;kozQq ’;rs & futifjp;e~ $ vnnn~ $ ,o $ vk;kfr $ bfr $ vkozQq ’;rs] viuk ifjp; u nsrs gq, gh pys vk jgs gks (vr%) ks/ fd;k tk jgk gSA {kkUrks¿;eijk/%

& {kkUr% $ v;e~ $ vijk/%] ;g vijk/ {kek fd;k x;kA

vkRekueifjpk;;Urks¿fi

& vkRekue~ $ vifjpk;;Ur% $ vfi] viuk ifjp; u fn, tkus ij HkhA

izos"VO;k%

& iz milxZ] fo’k~ /krq f.kp~ izR;;$rO;r~ izR;;] izfo"V djok nsuk pkfg,A

cgwDre~

& cgq $ mDre~] cgqr cksy fn;kA

izos’kle;%

& izos’kL; le;%] izos’k dk le;A

izkIrifjp;i=kk%

& izkIrkfu ifjp;i=kkf.k ;S% rs ftUgksua s ifjp;&i=k izkIr dj fy, gSaA

izfr#U/s%

& jksdksA

mRdkspyksHksu

& mRdkspL; yksHksu] ?kwl osQ yksHk lsA

i;Zfpuksr~

& igpku fy;kA

40

HkkLorh

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu m kjr& (d) izrkinqxnZ kSokfjd% dL; Łofue~ bo vJkS"khr~\ ([k) dk"kk;oklk% /‘rrqEchik=k% HkO;ewfrZ% bfr ,rs ’kCnk% dL; fo’ks"k.kkfu lfUr\ (x) d% rqjh;kJelsoh vfLr\ (?k) egkjktL; lUŁ;ksiklule;% dnk Hkofr\ (˜) osQ mRdkspyksHksu Lokfeua o p;fUr\ (p) R;t! ukga iqujk;kL;kfe] ukga iqujsoa dFkf;";kfe] egk’k;ks¿fl] n;Lo bfr d% vonr~\ (N) nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk osQu ijhf{krk\

2-

,dokD;su m kje~ nh;rke~& (d) jk=kkS osQ osQ izfo’kfUr\ ([k) nhiL; lehiekxR; laU;kfluk fde~ mDre~\ (x) egkjkta izR;fHkKk; nkSokfjd% fde~ vonr~\ (?k) d% de~ dBksjHkk"k.kS% frjLdjksfr\ (˜) ^nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk* v;e~ ikB% dLekr~ xzUFkkr~ x‘ghr%\ (p) f’kox.kk% dhn‘’kk% vklu~\ (N) nkSokfjd% laU;kflue~ de~ veU;r\

3-

iz’ufuekZ.ke~ js[kkafdrinkU;k/‘R; oqQ#r& (d) egkjktf’koohjL; vkKka o;a f’kjlk ogke%A ([k) uhpk mRdkspyksHksu Lokfeua o pf;Rok vkRekue~ vU/rels ikr;fUrA (x) nqxkZŁ;{k% ,o ;Fkksfpre~ O;ogfj";frA (?k) nkSokfjd% laU;kflue~ vk "; u;Uuso izpfyr%A (˜) nkSokfjdL; i‘"Bs gLra foU;L;u~ laU;kfl:iks xkSjfllg% vonr~A (p) nhiL; lehiekxR; laU;kfluk mDre~A (N) laU;klh rqjh;kJelsoh bfr iz.kE;rsA (t) izrkinqxZnkSokfjd% dL;kfi ikn{ksiŁofue~ vJkS"khr~A

41

nkSokfjdL; fu"Bk

4-

5-

leklfoxzg% f ;rke~& (d) izrkinqxZnkSokfjd% (x) {k.kkuUrje~ (˜) }k%LFksu (N) xEHkhjLojs.k lfUŁkPNsn% f ;rke~& (d) fdf pnU/dkjs (x) v|kfi (˜) dks¿=k (N) {kkUrks¿;eijk/%

([k) nhiizdk’ks (?k) iknŁofu% (p) dBksjHkk"k.kS%

([k) ’kkUrks Hko (?k) bR;s oe~ (p) rn/quSo (t) cgwDre~

6-

milxZ&iz fr@iz fr&izR;;&foHkkxa n’kZ;r& (d) fu/k; ([k) izR;kxre~ (x) fon/ku% (?k) fujh{kek.k% (˜) Hkk"kek.ksu (p) vfHkKk; (N) i’;u~ (t) vuq kj;u~

7-

fo’ks"k.ka fo’ks";su lg ;kst;r& xEHkhjs.k eqew"kqZ% dBksjS% ifj" re~ diVh mRdkspyksHkh ns’knzkfs g.k% vkgwrk%

tu% xw
42

HkkLorh

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% yksdks kjkuUnnkrk izcU/% dkO;ukeHkko~QA n‘’;a JO;fefr }s/k rRdkO;a ifjdhfrZre~ AA1AA dkO;L; izdkjk%&x|i|Hksnsu vkdkjHksnsu p x|a i|a rFkk x|i|a JO;fefr f=k/kA lUnHkZxUz FkHksnus izR;soQa rn~ f}/k Hkosr~ AA2AA vYi% lUnHkZ bR;qDr% i=ka ok¿fi Lroks ;FkkA xzUFkLrq c‘gnkdkjks yksoQs iqLrdukeHkko~Q AA3AA x|SfoZ|ksfrra ;r~ L;kn~ x|dkO;a rnhfjre~A xzUFk:ia rnsok¿=k JO;a fdf pfUu:I;rs AA4AA miU;klinsuk¿fi rnso ifjdF;rsA ;Fkk dknEcjh ;}k f’kojktfot;ks ee AA5AA brj’kq…x|dkO;ys[kdk% vLekoaQ egkekU;k /U;k% lqcU/q&ck.k&nf.Muks egkdo;ks oklon kkdknEcjhn’koqQekjpfjrkfu lqŁkkeŁkqjkf.k lnk lnuqHkO;kfu x|dkO;kfu fojP; HkkjrOk"k– lcgq ekueoqQoZu~ v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka lekukFkkZfu inkfu ikBs¿Uos"VO;kfu& Vgydneh (taking round) dkSu gS m/j (who is there) iSjksa dh vkgV] inpki

"k"B% ikB%

lwfDr&lkSjHke~ fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk dh lwfDr;k¡ ml lekt osQ euhf"k;ksa }kjk 'krkfCn;ksa rd vuqHkwr mu osQ nSfud thou osQ vuqHkoksa dks izdV djrh gSaA ;s lwfDr;k¡ dysoj esa LoYi gksrs gq, Hkh vius esa fo'kky Hkko&xkEHkh;Z dks lesVs gq, gksrh gSaA oLrqr% bUgha lqHkkf"krksa rFkk lwfDr;ksa ls gh ml Hkk"kk dh le`f¼ |ksfrr gksrh gSA oSfnd dky ls ysdj orZeku dky rd ukuk dfo;ksa us bu esa vius nh?kZdkyhu vuqHkoksa dks 'kCnc¼ fd;k gSA pk.kD;] Hkr`Zgfj] fo".kq'kekZ osQ lqHkkf"kr tgk¡ fpjdky ls izfl¼ jgs gSa] ogha vk/qfud ys[kd Hkh blosQ ihNs ugha jgsA bl ikB esa izkphu ,oe~ vokZphu nksuksa dfo;ksa dh pquh gqbZ oqQN lwfDr;ksa dks mifuc¼ fd;k x;k gSA Nk=kksa dks bu lwfDr;kas dks d.BLFk djuk pkfg;sA okn&fookn] Hkk"k.k&izfr;ksfxrk rFkk nSfud O;ogkj osQ fy, ;s furkUr mi;ksxh rFkk izHkkoksRiknd gksrh gSaA

Lok;ÙkesdkUrxq.ka fo/k=kk fofufeZra NknueKrk;k%A fo'ks"kr% loZfonka lekts foHkw"k.ka ekSueif.Mrkuke~AA1AA (Hkr`Zgfj%)

:ia izfl¼a u cq/kLrnkgq& foZ|korka oLrqr ,o :ie~A vis{k;k :iorka fg fo|k ekua yHkUrs¿frrjka txR;ke~ AA2AA (eÄõynso 'kkL=kh)

44

HkkLorh

u nqtuZ % lTturkeqifS r 'kB% lgÏSjfi f'k{;ek.k%A fpja fueXuks¿fi lq/k&leqnsz u eUnjks eknZoeH;qifS r AA3AA (Hk^jkeukFk 'kkL=kh)

d.kkZer` a lwfDrjla foeqP; nks"ks"kq ;Ru% lqegku~ [kykuke~A fujh{krs osQfyoua izfo'; Øesyd% d.Vdtkyeso AA4AA (egkdfo foYg.k)

mRlkg&lEiUuenh?kZl=w ka fØ;kfof/Ka O;lus"olDre~A 'kwja ÑrKa n`
nh?kZi; z klsu Ñra fg oLrq fues"kek=ks.k Hktsn~ fouk'ke~A dr±q oqQykyL; rq o"kZeo s Qa HksÙkqa fg n.ML; eqgrw eZ k=ke~ AA6AA (lwfDreqDrkoyh)

vkjHksr fg dekZf.k JkUr% JkUr% iqu% iqu%A dekZ.;kjHkek.ka fg iq#"ka JhfuZ"ksors AA7AA (dL;fpr~)

,osQukfi lqi=q ks.k fo|k;qDrsu lk/qukA vkÈkfnra oqQq ya lo± ;Fkk pUns.z k 'koZjh AA8AA (pk.kD;uhfr%)

45

lwfDr&lkSjHke~

xq.kh xq.ka osfÙk u osfÙk fuxq.Z k% cyh cya osfÙk u osfÙk fucZy%A fidks olUrL; xq.ka u ok;l% djh p ¯lgL; cya u ew"kd% AA9AA (pk.kD;uhfr%)

vth.ksZ Hks"kta okfj th.ksZ okfj cyizne~A Hkkstus pke`ra okfj HkkstukUrs fo"kkige~ AA10AA (oS|dh; lqHkkf"kr laxgz )

vusdla'k;ksPNsfn ijks{kkFkZL; n'kZde~A loZL; ykspua 'kkL=ka ;L; ukLR;U/ ,o l% AA11AA (fgrksins'k)

vYiK ,o iq#"k% izyiR;tÏa ikf.MR;lEHk`refrLrq ferizHkk"khA dakL;a ;Fkk fg oqQjQrs¿frrjka fuukna r}r~ lqo.kZfeg uSo djksfr ukne~ AA12AA (lwfDr%)

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p Lok;Ùke~ fo/k=kk Nknue~ loZfonke~ cq/k% vkgq% txR;ke~

& & & & & & &

Lok/huA bZ'oj osQ }kjkA vkoj.kA lo± osfÙk bfr rs"kke~] lc oqQN tkuus okyksa osQA fo}ku~ yksxA dgrs gSaA lalkj esaA

46

foeqP; [kykuke~ fujh{krs osQfyoue~ Øesyd% O;lus"kq vlDre~ ;kfr iz;klsu fues"k.kek=ks.k oqQykyL; 'koZjh osfÙk djh Hks"kte~ okfj izyifr vtÏe~ lEHk`refr% fuukne~

HkkLorh

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

NksM+dj osQA nq"Vksa dkA ns[krk gSA vkeksn&izeksn dk ouA Å¡VA foifÙk;ksa esaA u yxk gqvkA tkrk gSA iz;Ru lsA {k.k ek=k lsA oqQEHkdkj dkA jkrA tkurk gSA gkFkhA vkS"kf/A tyA cdrk gSA fujUrjA fuf'pr cqf¼ okykA vkoktA

lfU/foPNsn% Lok;ÙkesdkUrxq.ke~ NknueKrk;k% ekSueif.Mrkuke~ cq/kLrnkgqfoZ|korke~

& & & &

Lok;Ùke~ $ ,dkUr $ xq.ke~ Nknue~ $ vKrk;k% ekSue~ $ vif.Mrkuke~ cq/k% $ rn~ $ vkgq% $ fo|korke~

47

lwfDr&lkSjHke~

yHkUrs¿frrjke~ lTturkeqiSfr lgÏSjfi fueXuks¿fi eknZoeH;qiSfr mRlkglEiUuenh?kZlw=ke~ O;lus"olDre~ n`
& & & & & & & & & &

yHkUrs $ vfrrjke~ lTturke~ $ miSfr lgÏS% $ vfi fueXu% $ vfi eknZoe~ $ vfHk $ mi $ ,fr mRlkg $ lEiUue~ $ vnh?kZlw=ke~ O;lus"kq $ vlDre~ n`
vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) d% d.Vdtkye~ i';fr\ ([k) 'koZjh osQu Hkkfr\ (x) d% xq.ka osfÙk\ (?k) vth.ksZ ¯d Hks"kte~ vfLr\ (Ä) loZL; ykspua fde~ vfLr\ (p) d% fujUrja izyifr\

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) osQ"kka lekts vif.Mrkuka ekSua foHkw"k.ke~\ ([k) osQ loZyksdL; nklk% lfUr\ (x) osQu oqQya foHkkfr\ (?k) ¯lg% osQu foHkkfr\ (Ä) HkkstukUrs fde~ fo"ke~\

48

HkkLorh

3-

js[kkfÄïrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) fo/k=kk vKrk;k% Nknua fofufeZre~A ([k) fo|korka fo|k ,o :ie~ vfLrA (x) y{eh% 'kwja izkIuksfrA (?k) cyh cya osfÙkA (Ä) 'kkL=ka ijks{kkFkZL; n'kZde~ vfLrA (p) dkaL;e~ vfrrjka fuukna djksfrA

4-

mfprinS% lg fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) ;s ------------ nklk% rs loZyksdL; ------------ (HkofUr)A ;s"kke~ vk'kk ------------ (Hkofr) rs"kka ------------ nklk;rsA ([k) ,osQu vfi ------------ lk/quk lqiq=ks.k ------------ lo± vkÈkfnra ;Fkk ------------ 'koZjhA (x) y{eh% mRlkg&lEiUue~ vnh?kZlw=ka ------------ O;lus"kq vlDra ------------ ÑrKa ----------p fuoklgsrks% Lo;a ;kfrA

5-

izÑfrizR;;foHkkxa oqQ#r&

;Fkk& :iorke~ (d) Ñre~ ([k) izfo'; (x) foeqP; (?k) HksÙkqe~ (Ä) dÙkqZe~ 6-

'kCn% :i --------------------------------------------------------

izR;;% erqi~ --------------------------------------------------------

i;kZ;okfpfHk% lg esyua oqQ#r& ;Fkk& Lok;Ùke~ (d) foeqP; ([k) Øesyd%

Lok/hue~ {k.kek=ke~ m"Vª%

foHkfDr% "k"Bh --------------------------------------------------------

49

lwfDr&lkSjHke~

(x) (?k) (Ä) (p) (N) (t) (>) (×k) 7-

ifjR;T; jkf=k% tkukfr oqQEHkdkjL; xt% fujUrje~ dFk;fr xPNfr

foykseinS% lg ;kst;r& ;Fkk& (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä) (p) (N) (t) (>) (×k) (V)

8-

;kfr oqQykyL; 'koZjh osfÙk djh vtlze~ izyifr eqgwreZ k=ke~

Lok;Ùke~ vKrk;k% vif.Mrkuke~ cq/k% ekue~ [kykuke~ ;kfr ÑrKe~ vk'kk;k% vklDre~ Ñre~ th.ksZ

if.Mrkuke~ lTtukuke~ ew[kkZ% viekue~ vk;kfr vÑrKe~ fujk'kk;k% fo}Ùkk;k% vuklDre~ vÑre~ vth.ksZ ijk/hue~

fo'ks"k.ka fo'ks";s.k lg ;kst;r ;Fkk& 'kwje~ (d) ,osQu ([k) vYiK%

iq#"ke~ oqQye~ lqiq=ks.k

50

HkkLorh

(x) loZe~ (?k) ,de~ (Ä) lqegku~ 9-

iq#"k% ;Ru% yksde~

d% osQu foHkkfr (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

xq.kh 'koZjh fo}ku~ ¯lg oqQye~

pUnzs.k xq.ksu cysu lqi=q ks.k fo|;k

10- vèkksfyf[krkfu inkfu mfpr:is.k la;ksT; okD;kfu jp;r& fo/k=kk

loZfonke~

y{eh%

vk'kk;k%

Hkw"k.ke~

foHkkfr

ekSue~

d.Vdtkye~

,o

lfUr

'koZjh

'kwje~

lqiq=ks.k

i';fr

rq

'kksHkrs

xq.kh

vfLr

yksdk% Øesyd% oqQye~

fofufeZre~ Nknue~

nklk%

Hkkfr

xq.ksu

i';fr

51

lwfDr&lkSjHke~

11- ikBL; fp=ka n`"V~ok mfprka iafDra fpRok fy[kr& -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% HkkofoLrkj% 1-

olkfe fuR;a lqHkxs izxYHks n{ks ujs deZf.k orZekus vØks/us nsoijs ÑrKsA ftrsfUnz;s fuR;eqnh.kZlÙosAA

2-

ojesdks xq.kh iq=kks u p ew[kZ'krkU;fiA ,d'pUnzLreks gfUr u p rkjkx.kks¿fi pAA

3-

lnk pjfr [ks Hkkuq% lnk ogfr ek#r%A lnk /Ùks Hkqoa 'ks"k% lnk /hjks¿fodRFku%AA

4-

:i;kSoulEiUuk fo'kkyoqQylEHkok%A fo|kghuk u 'kksHkUrs fuxZU/k bo ¯d'kqdk%AA

lIre% ikB%

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh izLrqr ikB cYyky lsu jfpr HkkstizcU/ osQ ^HkkstjktL; jkT;izkfIrizcU/* va’k dk lEikfnr ,oa laf{kIr :ikUrj.k gSA euq"; osQ eu esa tc yksHk Nk tkrk gS] rc og fdlh izdkj fu"Bqj gksdj ?k‘f.kr ls ?k‘f.kr dk;Z djus ls ugha fgpfdpkrk ;g bl dFkkud }kjk izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA bl ikB esa Hkkst osQ pkpk eq t] ckyd Hkkst dks ejokus dk "kM~;U=k cukrs gSa] ijUrq Hkkst ml e‘R;qdky esa eq t osQ uke ,d lUns’k nsrs gSa] ftl esa ekUŁkkrk] jko.k vkfn dk mnkgj.k iznf’kZr djrs gq, lalkj dh u’ojrk iznf’kZr dh xbZ gSA bl ’yksd dks i<+dj u osQoy Hkkst dk o/ djus okys dk eu ifjofrZr gks x;k] vfirq eq t dks Hkh oSjkX; vk x;k rFkk Hkrhts osQ o/ ls nq%[kh gksdj izk;f’p kLo:i vfXu esa izos’k djuk pkgrk gSA ijUrq oRljkt rFkk cqf…lkxj dh ;kstuk ls Hkkst iqu% thfor ?kksf"kr dj fn;k tkrk gSA ekUŁkkrk p eghifr% ;g ’yksd laL r lkfgR; dh vewY; fuf/ osQ :i esa izfl… gks x;k gSA

iqjk /kjkjkT;s flU/qy&laKks jktk fpja iztk% i;Ziky;r~A rL; ok/ZD;s Hkkst bfr iq=k% letfuA l% ;nk i pokf"kZdLrnk firk ÆkReuks tjka KkRok eq[;kekR;kukgw;kuqta eq ta egkcyekyks D ; iq = ka p ckya la o h{; fopkj;kekl&;|ga jkT;y{ehHkkj/kj.kleFk– lgksnjeigk; jkT;a iq=kk; iz;PNkfe] rnk yksdkiokn%A vFk ok ckya es iq=ka eq tks jkT;yksHkkf}"kkfnuk ekjf;";fr rnk n kefi jkT;a o‘FkkA iq=kgkfuo–’kksPNsn’p bfr fopk;Z jkT;a eq tk; n ok rnqRl˜~xs HkkstekRekua eqekspA rr% ekn~ jktfu fnoaxrs laikz IrjkT;&laif keZq tks eq[;kekR;a cqf…lkxjukekua O;kikjeq n z ; k nw j h R; rRins ¿ U;a fu;kst ;keklA vFk dnkpu lHkk;ka T;ksfr%&’kkL=kikjaxr% d’pu czkª.k% lekxE; jktkue~ vkg & nso! yksdk% eka

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh

53

loZKa dFk;fUrA rfRdefi ;FksPNa i‘PNA rrks eq t% izkg&HkkstL; tUeif=kdka fo/sfg bfrA foiz% tUeif=kdka fo/k; mDroku~& i pk’kRi po"kkZf.k lIreklfnu=k;e~A Hkkstjktsu HkksDrO;% lxkSMks nf{k.kkiFk%AA Hkkstfo"kf;.khe~ beka Hkfo";ok.kha fu’kE; eq tks foPNk;onuks¿HkwrA~ rrks jktk czkª.ka lai"sz ; fu’khFks ’k;ueklk| O;fpUr;r~&;fn jkty{ehHkkst Z oqQekja xfe";fr] rnkga tho´fi e‘r%A rr’p vHkqDr ,o l% ,dkdh fdefi fpUrf;Rok c˜n ı ’s kkŁkh’oja oRljkta lekdkfjroku~A oRljkt’p /kjkuxjha lEizkI; jktkua izf.kiR;ksifo""V%A jktk p lkSŁka futZua fo/k; oRljkta izkg&Ro;k Hkkstks Hkqous’ojh&fofius jk=kkS gUrO;%] fNUua p rL; f’kj% eRik’osZ vUr%iqje~ vkusrO;e~A ,rfUu’kE; oRljkt% mRFkk; u‘ia uRok izkokspr~& ;|fi nsokns’k% izek.ke~] iqujfi fldfpn~ oDrqdkeks¿fLe] lkijk/efi es op% {kUrO;e~A nso! iq=ko/ks u dnkfi fgrk; HkorhfrA oRljktL; bna opuekd.;Z oqQfirks jktk izkg&Roa ee lsodks¿fl] e;k ;RdF;rs Ro;k rn~ fo/s;e~A iqu% oRljkt% jktkKk ikyuh;Sofs r eRok rw".kha cHkwoA vuUrje~ vfuPNUufi oRljkt% Hkksta jFks fuos’; jk=kkS oua uhroku~A r=k vkReuks oŁk;kstuka KkRok Hkkst% fdefi oRljkta dfFkroku~A rn~opuS% oSjkX;ekiUuks oRljkt% ra u groku~] vfirq x‘gekxR; Hkksta x‘gkH;Urjs HkwekS fuf{kI; jj{kA iqu% f=ke:is.k HkkstL; eLroaQ dkjf;Rok jktHkoua xRok oRljktks jktkua izkg&Jherk ;nkfn"Va rRlkfŁkrfefrA rrks jktk Hkksto/a KkRok ra i‘"Voku~&oRljkt! [kM~xizgkjle;s rsu fdeqDre~\

54

HkkLorh

oRljktsu p jkKs HkkstL; vfUrelUns’k:is.k rRizn k% ’yksd% lefiZr%&

ekU/krk p eghifr% r;qxky˜ kjHkwrks xr% lsr; q uZs egksnŁkkS fojfpr% DoklkS n’kkL;kUrd%AA vU;s okfi ;qfŁkf"BjizHk‘r;ks ;krk fnoa Hkwirs! uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh uwua Ro;k ;kL;frAA ’yksdfeee~ v/hR; ’kksdlUrIrks eq t% izk;f’p ka drq– vkReuks og~ukS izo’s kua fuf’proku~A jkK% of izo’s kdk;Z ea JqRok oRljkt% cqf…lkxja uRok ’kuS%&’kuS% izkg&rkr! e;k Hkkstjktks jf{kr ,okfLrA iqu% cqf…lkxjs.k rL; d.ksZ fdefi dfFkre~] ;fUu’kE; oRljkt% rrks fu" kUr%A iqu% jkKks of izo’s kdkys d’pu dkikfyd% lHkka lekxr%A lHkkekxra dkikfyoaQ n.Mor~ iz.kE; eq t% izkokspn~&gs ;ksxhUnz! egkikfiuks e;k grL; iq=kL; izk.knkusu eka j{ksfrA vFk dkikfydLra izkokspn~&jktu~! ek HkS"kh%A f’koizlknsu l thforks Hkfo";frA rnk ’e’kkuHkwekS dkikfydL; ;kstukuqlkja Hkkst% r=k lekuhr%A ^;ksfxuk Hkkstks thfor%* bfr dFkk yksoQs "kq izlr‘ kA iqu% xtsUnzk:
55

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh

fpja iztk% ikfyroku~A

’kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;’p letfu tjke~ laoh{; vigk; o‘Fkk mPNsn% mRl˜~xs fnoaxrs laizs"; foPNk;onu% fu’khFks izf.kiR; lkS/e~ fofius eRik’osZ fo/s;e~ lkf/re~ r;qxkyadkjHkwr% v/hR; ;krk% fnoe~ fu’kE; ek HkS"kh% izl‘rk vk:<% n’kkL;kUrd%

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

mRiUu gqvkA cq<+kis dksA ns[k djosQA NksM+ djosQA O;FkZA uk’kA xksn esaA e‘R;q dks izkIr djus ijA Hkst djosQA dkfUrghu eq[kokykA jkr esAa ueLdkj djosQA egyA ou esaA esjs iklA djuk pkfg,A fd;kA lR;;qx osQ vkHkw"k.k Lo:iA i<+dj osQA pys x, gaSA LoxZ dksA lqudjA er MjksA iSQyh gqbZA p<+k gqvkA n’kkL;L; jko.kL; vUrd% uk’kd% jko.k

56

HkkLorh

dk uk’k djus okykA

lfU/foPNsn% i pokf"kZdLrnk ÆkReuks eq[;kekR;kukgw;kuqte~ iq=kgkfuoZa’kksPNsn’p rnqRl˜sı rRins¿U;e~ foPNk;onuks¿Hkwr~ jkty{ehHkksZtoqQekje~ rnkge~ thoUufi izf.kiR;ksifo"V% ,rfUu’kE; ikyuh;Sosfr lsrq ;sZu n’kkL;kUrd% uSosQukfi ;fUu’kE; j{ksfr ,okfLr jktHkouexkr~ riLrsis

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

i pokf"kZd% $ rnk fg $ vkReu% eq[; $ vekR;ku~ $ vkgw; $ vuqte~ iq=kgkfu% $ oa’k $ mPNsn% $ p rr~ $ mRl˜~xs rr~ins $ vU;e~ foPNk;onu% $ vHkwr~ jkty{eh% $ HkkstoqQekje~ rnk $ vge~ thou~ $ vfi izf.kiR; $ mifo"V% ,rr~ $ fu’kE; ikyuh;k $ ,o lsrq% $ ;su n’k $ vkL; $ vUrd% u $ ,osQu $ vfi ;r~ $ fu’kE; j{k $ bfr ,o $ vfLr jktHkoue~ $ vxkr~ ri% $ rsis

57

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh

Hkkst’pkfi

&

Hkkst% $ p $ vfi

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu m kjr& (d) /kjkjkT;s dks jktk iztk% i;Ziky;r~\ ([k) flU/qy% dLeS jkT;e~ v;PNr~\ (x) flU/qy% dL; mRl˜~xs Hkksta eqeksp\ (?k) eq t% oaQ eq[;kekR;a nwjh roku~\ (˜) d% foPNk;onu% vHkwr~\ (p) eq t% oaQ lekdkfjroku~\ (N) oRljkt% Hkksta jFks fuos’; oqQ=k uhroku~\ (t) r;qxkyadkjHkwr% d vklhr~\ (>) egksn/kS lsrq% osQu jfpr%\ ( k) d% o kS izos’ka fuf’proku~\

2-

iw.kZokD;su m kjr& (d) Hkkst% dL; iq=k% vklhr~\ ([k) flU/qy% fld fopkj;kekl\ (x) lHkk;ka dhn‘’k% czkª.k% vkxroku~\ (?k) d% HkkstL; tUeif=kdka fufeZroku~\ (˜) eq t% fde~ vfpUr;r~\ (p) oRljkt% Hkksta oqQ=k uhroku~\ (N) oRljkt% de~ vuer~\ (t) eq t% dkifyoaQ fde~ mDroku~\

3-

js[kkf˜rinkfu vk/‘R; iz’ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) flU/qyL; Hkkst% iq=k% vHkor~A

58

HkkLorh

([k) flU/qy% jkT;a eq tk; v;PNr~A (x) ,dnk ,d% czkª.k% lHkk;ke~ vkxPNr~A (?k) eq t% HkkstL; tUeif=kdka vn’kZ;r~A (˜) oRljkt% Hkksta x‘gkH;Urjs jj{kA (p) eq t% og~ukS izos’ka fuf’proku~A (N) eq t% lHkkekxra dkikfyoaQ n.Mor~ izk.ker~A (t) Hkkst% fpja iztk% ikfyroku~A 4-

5-

iz frizR;;foHkkxa oqQ#r& ;Fkk & KkROkk Kk (d) vkyksD; ([k) laoh{; (x) vigk; (?k) n ke~ (˜) fopk;Z (p) nwjh R; (N) lekxE; (t) fo/k; (>) HkksDrO; ( k) lEiz"s ;

milxZ% &

iz fr&izR;;a fu;qT; ’kCna fy[kr& ;Fkk & vk $ lhn~ $ Y;i~ vklk| (d) tho~ $ ’kr‘ ([k) e‘ $ Dr (x) fpUr~ $ DRok

/krq% Kk

izR;;% DRok

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh

(?k) gu~ $ rO;r~ (˜) vk $ uh $ rO;r~ (p) fu $ ’ke~ $ Y;i~ (N) ue~ $ DRok (t) vk $ d.kZ~ $ Y;i~ (>) fu $ f{ki~ $ Y;i~ ( k) eu~ $ DRok (V) Kk $ DRok (B) uh $ Drorq (M) vk $ in~ $ Dr (<) gu~ $ Drorq (.k) vk $ fn’k~ $ Dr 6-

mfpr vFkkS%Z lg esyua oqQ#r& ;Fkk& olqerh & i‘Foh (d) fu’khFks & xfe";fr ([k) izf.kiR; & leqnzs (x) fu’kE; & jk=kkS (?k) ik’osZ & iz.kE; (˜) fofius & JqRok (p) n’kkL;kUrd% & lehis (N) fnoe~ & ous (t) v/hR; & jke% (>) egksn/kS & LoxZe~ ( k) ;kL;fr & ifBRok

59

60

7-

HkkLorh

e tw"kk;ka izn kS% vO;;’kCnS% fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& rq

,o

rnk

fdeFkZe~

iqjk

fpje~

-------------- flU/qy% uke jktk vklhr~A l% -------------- iztk% i;Ziky;r~A o‘…koLFkk;ka rL; ,d% iq=k% vHkor~A -------------- l% vfpUr;r~ -------------- u Loiq=ka Hkzkrq% eq tL; mRl˜ıs leiZ;kfeA flU/qy% iq=ka eq tL; mRl˜~xs leI;Z -------------- ijyksde~ vxPNr~A flU/qys fnoaxrs eq tL; eufl yksHk% leqRiUu%A yksHkkfo"V% l% -------------- eq tL; fouk’kkFk– mik;a fpfUrroku~A 8-

mnkgj.kkuqlkja fy[kr& (d) ;Fkk & i;Ziky;r~ milxZ% ifj (1) iz;PNkfe (2) O;fpUr;r~ (3) ;kL;fr (4) ekjf;";fr (5) dFk;fUr (6) Hkofr (7) vfl

/krq% iky~

ydkj% y˜~

iq#"k% izFke iq#"k

opue~ ,dopu

61

uSosQukfi lea xrk olqerh

([k) ;Fkk & vkReu%

’kCn

fy˜ı

foHkfDr

vkReu~

iqa-

"k"Bh

(1) iq=kk; (2) yksdk% (3) op% (4) HkwekS (5) Jherk (6) egksn/kS (7) og~ukS 9-

fo’ks"k.ka fo’ks";s.k lg ;kst;r& ;Fkk & egkcye~

eq te~

(d) ckye~

jkT;e~

([k) n ke~

iq=ke~

(x) fnoaxrs

Hkfo";ok.khe~

(?k) T;ksfr%’kkL=kikjaxr%

jktfu

(˜) beke~

oRljkte~

(p) c˜nı s’kk/h’oje~

czkª.k%

(N) lUrIr%

oRljkte~

opue~ cgqopue

62

HkkLorh

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% 1-

v/ksfyf[krkuke~ vkHkk.kdkuka lekukFkZdkfu okD;kfu ikBs vUos"VO;kfu 1- psgjk iQhdk iM+ x;k

2-

3-

2- tSlh vkidh vkKk

3- yksxksa esa ckr iSQy xbZ

ikSjkf.kdijEijk;ka pRokj% ;qxk% erk%A rs ;Fkk& r;qx% (lR;;qx%) =ksrk;qx% }kij ;qx% dfy;qx% ekU/krk lw;oZ ’a kL; izrkih jktk vHkor~A rsu iztk;k% ikyua lE;o~Qr;k vy˜kjHkwr% u‘i vklhr~A

re~A l% Lo;qxL;

v"Ve% ikB%

gYnh?kkVh HkkjrHkwfe 'krkfCn;ksa rd ijk/hu jgh] fons'kh vkØkUrkvksa osQ }kjk neu fd;s tkus ij Hkh Hkkjrh;ksa dh LorU=krk izkfIr dh bPNk lnSo cyorh jghA egkjk.kk izrki eqxy 'kkldksa ds lkFk vkthou la?k"kZ djrs jgs rFkk vR;f/d lk/u&lEiUu u gksus ij Hkh fo'kky eqxy lkezkT; ls yksgk ysrs jgsA jktLFkku esa gYnh?kkVh uked LFkku ij fo'kky eqxy lsuk dks eqV~Bh Hkj egkjk.kk izrki ds lSfudksa us ukdksa pus pcok,& ;g rF; bfrgkl ls ifjiq"V gSA gYnh?kkVh dh yM+kbZ dks vk/kj cuk dj ys[kdksa us vusd jpuk,¡ izLrqr dj mu 'kghnksa dks J¼k×tfy nhA izrkifot; uked bl [k.MdkO; esa ys[kd JhbZ'knÙk'kkL=kh gYnh?kkVh osQ izR;sd d.k dks ml la?k"kZ dk lk{kh ekurs gq, lqUnj euksje 'yksdksa esa bl ,sfrgkfld dFkkud dks mifuc¼ djrs gSaA ;g ikB fuf'pr gh vkt ds ;qodksa dks izsj.kk nsxk rFkk muesa LokfHkeku dh Hkkouk HkjsxkA

64

HkkLorh

Lok/hurk¿¿;ZHkqfo ewfrZerh lekuk jk.kkizrki&cyoh;ZfoHkklekukA vkVhdrs leqiek ufg ;ka lq'kksfp% 'kkVho lk t;fr dkpu gfYn?kkVh AA1AA izkph ;nk glfr gs fiz;! eUneUna ok;q;nZ k ogfr uUnuta ejUne~A ;k izR;ga fdy rnk efrekuuh;ka 'kksHkka n/kR;q"kfl dk×pudk×puh;ke~ AA2AA ek dkrjk%! Li`'kr eka fiz;&ikjrU=;k%! v|kfi ;Uu fofgrk tuuh LorU=kkA ;=ksneso xnrho rfrLr:.kka 'kk[kkdnEc&Ñr&eeZjekruksfr AA3AA ohjkxz.khjHk;&;q¼dykdyki% Dok¿Lrs¿| gk! l ru;% lu;% izrkihA v=kR;&futZuous¿Fk ;nk dnkfpn~ ekrso jksfnfr l[ks! oqQjjh uq dkfpr~ AA4AA iq"ia iQya rnuq xU/og% lehj% [k|ksr&iafDrjeyk p fidkfy&xhfr%A v|kfi ;=k ljy&izÑfr&iz.khra i×pksipkjfeo iwtuefLr ekrq% AA5AA

65

gYnh?kkVh

uhysu i{k&fuogsu [kekglUr% p×p~ok iQykfu foeykfu le×p;Ur%A ^Jhjke* uke e/qja e/qja Do.kUr% v|kfi ;=k lq'kqdk foylfUr lUr% AA6AA v=k izrki&u`irs% izdV&izrkik ,dk¿fi gUr! 'kr/k¿HkonÏ&/kjkA ;q¼¿s f/dks'kefi 'k=kqo/s Øes.k T;ksRLuk re% &lgpjh piysfr fp=ke~ AA7AA lS"kk LFkyh pfdr&psrdpÄ~Øek.kka lS"kk LFkyh oqQfVyoqQUrijkØek.kke~A lS"kk LFkyh fiz;rek¿I;lqrks¿ejk.kka lS"kk LFkyh Hk;djh uj&ikejk.kke~ AA8AA oh{; izHkk gflr&pkjQ&iqjUnjk.kka lÄaõ l u`R;eeya f'kf[klqUnjk.kke~ lEHkklrs ojHkqo% lq"kekR;qnkj% g"kkZfÄïrks gfjrghjd&d.Bgkj% AA9AA

66

HkkLorh

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p vk;ZHkqfo ewfrZerh oyoh;Z&foHkklekuk

& & &

vkVhdrs leqieka

& &

lq'kksfp% 'kkVh dkpu izkph uUnuta ejUne~ izR;ga fdy m"kfl efrekuuh;ka dk×pu&dk×puh;ke~ dkrjk% fiz;&ikjrU=;k%

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

fofgrk xnrho rfr%

& & &

vk;kZ.kka Hkw% vk;ZHkw% rL;ka] vk;ZHkwfe] vk;kZorZA ewfrZ $ erqi~ L=kh- iz- ,- o-] lk{kkr~] lkdkjA oysu oh;sZ.k p foHkklekuk] 'kfDr&ijkØe&'kksHkekuk] 'kfDr vkSj ijkØe ls pedrh gqbAZ vk $ Vhd~] yV~] iz-iq-,-o-] orZrs] fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA lekuh miek ;L;k% lk rke~] ftlds leku miek fdlh dh gksA nsnhI;eku] pednkjA lkM+hA dksbZ (vO;;)A iwoZ fn'kkA uUnus tk;rs bfr rr~] uUnu ou esa gksus okykA iq"ijle~ & ijkxA vgfu vgfu vO;;hHkko lekl] izfrfnuA (vO;;) fu'p; lsA m"kl~] lIreh ,-o- izkr%dkyA eR;k ekuuh;ka r`- rRiq- cqf¼lEerka] fo}kuksa ls lEekfurA dk×pue~ bo deuh;ke~] Lof.kZe~ lksus dh rjg pedus okyhA Hkhrk% Mjiksd] dk;jA fiz;e~ ikjrU=;e~ ;s"kka rs ijk/hurkfiz;k%] ijk/hurk esa #fp j[kus okysA fo $ /k $ Dr] Ñrk] dh xbZA xnfr $ bo] dFk;fr] cksy jgh gSA lewg%] iafDrA

67

gYnh?kkVh

eeZje~ vkruksfr ohjkxz.kh% ;q¼dyki% Do vkLrs ru;% lu;% v=kR; dqjjh xU/og% [k|ksr veyk fidkfy i×pksipkjfeo mipkj% i{kfuogsu [ke~ vkglUr% le×p;Ur% Do.kUr% lq'kqdk% foylfUr 'kr/k vL=k/kjk vf/dks'kefi T;ksRLuk

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

'kq"di=k&èofu%] lw[ks iÙkksa dh vkoktA foLrkj;fr] iQSykrh gSA ohjs"kq vxz.kh%] ohjksa esa Js"BA ;q¼L; dyk;ka dyki%] ;q¼dyk esa fuiq.kA dq=k] dgk¡A vfLr] gSA iq=k%] iq=kA u;su lfgr% lu;%] uhfrKA ;gk¡ dsA ØkS×p i{khA xU/e~ ogfr] miin rRiq-] ok;qA tqxuwA 'kq¼k] 'kq¼A fidkuka vkfy%] "k- rRiq-] dksfdy&iafDr%] dks;y dh iafDrA i×pkuka mipkjk.kka lewg%] f}xq l-A lRdkjfof/%] lRdkj lkexzhA i{kk.kka fuogsu] "k- rRiq-] ia[kksa dk lewgA vkdk'ke~] vkdk'k dksA bZ"kr~ glUr%] frjLÑr djrs gq,A le~ $ v×p~ $ f.kp~ $ 'kr`] 'kksHk;Ur%] pedkrs gq,A Do.k~ $ 'kr`] iq- iz- c- o-] 'kCna dqoZUr%] 'kCn djrs gq,A lqUnjk% dhjk%] lqUnj rksrsA 'kksHkUrs] lq'kksfHkr gksrs gSaA lkS izdkj dh vk¡lqvksa dh /kjkA dks'ks bfr] dks'k (E;ku) esaA pfUnzdk] pk¡nuhA

68

HkkLorh

lgpjh piysfr pÄ~Øek.kke~ dqUr% fp=ke~ oqQfVye~ vlqr% vejk.kka ikejk.kke~ oh{; iqjUnjk.kka gflre~ u`R;eeye~ lEHkklrs ojHkqo% lq"kek¿R;qnkj% gfjrghjde~

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

;qxin~ vuqxkfeuh] lkFk pyus okyhA piyk bfr] fctyhA xfr] ?kksM+s dh VkiA HkkykA fofp=ke~] vk'p;Z dh ckrA oØe~ ] Vs<+kA vlqH;% bfr vlqr%] vlq $ rfly~] izk.kksa ls c<+djA nsokuke~] nsorkvksa dkA uhpkuka] uhpksa dkA fo $ bZ{k~ $ DRok > Y;i~] n`"V~ok] ns[kdjA bUnzk.kka] Js"BA migflre~] migkl djukA u`R;e~ $ veye~] ifo=k ukpA lE;d~ Hkklrs] pedrh gSA ojk Hkw% ojHkw% rL;k%] Js"B HkwfedkA lq"ke;k vR;qnkj% bfr lq"kekR;qnkj%A gfjra ghjde~] deZ/kj;] gjk ghjkA

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkja nnr & (d) vk;ZHkqfo 'kkVhr% dk fojktrs\ ([k) m"kfl gYnh?kkVh dhn`'kha 'kksHkka n/kfr\ (x) lu;% ru;% d% vfLr\ (?k) ds uhysu i{ks.k [ke~ vkglfUr\ (Ä) ojHkqo% lq"kek dFka lEHkklrs\

gYnh?kkVh

(p) re% lgpjh dk dfFkrk\ (N) izrkiu`irs% vlz/kjk dfr/k vHkor~\ 2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr& (d) ewfÙkZerh gYnh?kkVh dFke~ vkVhdrs\ ([k) dnk gYnh?kkVh efrekuuh;ka 'kksHkka n/kfr\ (x) fidkfyxhfr% fdfeo ekrq% iwtua djksfr\ (?k) dFka Do.kUr% lq'kqdk% foylfUr\ (Ä) gYnh?kkVh ds"kka LFkyh vfLr\ (p) ojHkqo% vR;qnkjk lq"kek dhn`'kh Hkklrs\ (N) izÑfr% ds"kka i×pinkFkkZukeqipkjs.k iwtua djksfr\

3-

v/ksfyf[krokD;s"kq js[kkfÄïrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka dq#r& (d) ewfrZerh gYnh?kkVh t;frA ([k) ;k m"kfl 'kksHkka n/kfrA (x) r:.kka rfr% dnEcÑreeZje~ vkruksfr (?k) futZuous oqQjjh ekrso jksfnfrA (Ä) ekrq% i×pksipkja iwtua djksfrA (p) vÏ/kjk 'kr/k vHkor~A (N) vlqr% vfi fiz;rek LFkyhA

4-

v/ksfyf[krins"kq lfU/a lfU/PNsna ok dq#r& (d) Lok/hurk;ZHkqfo ([k) n/kfr $ m"kfl (x) rfrLr:.kke~ (?k) futuZous $ vFk (Ä) lq'kqdk foylfUr (p) rnuq

69

70

HkkLorh

5-

v/ksfyf[krins"kq izÑfra izR;;a p i`Fkd~ dq#r& (d) rfr% ([k) Hkklekuk (x) fofgrk (?k) izrkih (Ä) glUr% (p) f'k[kh (N) iz.khre~

6-

v/% iznÙka 'yksda e×tw"kkiznÙkinS% fjDrLFkkukfu iwjf;Rok iqu% fy[kr& izkph ;nk glfr gs fiz; -----------------------------------ok;q;Znk ------------------------------ uUnuta------------------------------A ;k ----------------------------------- fdy rnk efrekuuh;ka -------------------------n/kR;q"kfl --------------------------dk×puh;ke~AA

e×tw"kk izR;ge~] eUneUna] ejUna] ogfr] 'kksHkka] dk×puA

71

gYnh?kkVh

7-

fo'ks"k.kkfu fo'ks";kf.k p ;kstf;Rok iqu% fy[kr& fo'ks"k.kkfu fo'ks";kf.k (d) lq'kksfp% ([k) ikjrU=;k% (x) izrkih (?k) Do.kUr% (Ä) 'kr/k (p) uhysu (N) veyk

ru;% lq'kqdk% 'kkVh vlz/kjk dkrjk% [k|ksriafDr% i{kfuogsu

8-

v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka O;kdj.kkuqlkja inifjp;% nh;rke~& Lok/hurk] ekuuh;k] lUr%] re%] lEHkklrs] LFkyh] ekrk

9-

gYnh?kkVh;q¼L; ,sfrgkfld% ifjp;% fgUnh@vkaXy@laLÑrHkk"k;k ns;%A

10- egkjk.kkizrkiL; LokrU=;la†"k± fgUnh@vkaXy@laLÑrHkk"k;k o.kZ;rA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% lkfgR;s lekt izfrfcfEcr% HkofrA dfo% Loifjos'ksu ,okIykforks HkofrA dkO;deZ drqZa dfo% dYiukekJ;sr] ,sfrgkflda ok o`Ùka ifjoR;Z fp=k;frA Hkkjra ijk/hurk;k% ekspf;rqa le;s le;s uSds ohjk% Loizk.kksRlxZa fofgroUr%A ,rkn`'ks"kq egkHkVs"kq jk.kklkaxk] egkjk.kkizrki%] y{ehckbZ] rkR;kVksis] bR;kn;ks¿xzx.;k% lfUrA cgq/k le;s le;s¿usds dkO;drkZj% ,rkn`'kka lsukuhuka dFkk% vkfJR; dkO;fo/k% iz.khroUr%A laLÑrokÄ~e;s fo|rs ,rf}/kuka jpukuka egrh ijEijkA ;L;ka f'kojktfot;e~] Hkkjrfot;e~ bR;kn;% izeq[kk% lfUrA ,rs"kq LorU=krk;k izsIlk] gqrkReohjku~ izfr p J¼k llEekua iznf'kZrkA

uoe% ikB%

enkylk izLrqr ikB tEewfo'ofo|ky; ls vodk'k izkIr vkpk;kZ osnoqQekjh ?kbZ }kjk jfpr ^iqjU/zhi×pde~* uked :idlaxgz ls ladfyr fd;k x;k gSA ^iqjU/zhi×pde~* vk/qfudukV~;ijEijk esa ,d lkef;d fo"k;ksa ls lEcfU/r jkspd ,oa f'k{kkizn :idksa dk laxgz gSA izLrqr ikB esa ^iqjUèkzhi×pde~* osQ r`rh;&:id ^enkylk* osQ oqQN va'kks dk ladyu fd;k x;k gS ftlesa jktoqQekj ½rèot rFkk enkylk osQ laokn osQ ekè;e ls jktoqQekjh enkylk osQ LokfHkeku ,oa ukjh vfLerk dk ,d u, ifjizs{; esa lqUnj fp=k.k fd;k x;k gSA

enkylk

73

(rr% izfo'kfr izÑfrlkSUn;Zeoyksd;u~ egkjktL; 'k=kqftr% iq=k% Írèot%) ½rèot% & vgks 'kksHkua xU/oZjktfo'okolks% jktks|kue~A vkezeTjh.kka ijka 'kksHkka n`"V~ok dksfdykuka p e/qjopkafl JqRok dL; ;wuks ân;a lglk mRdf.Bra u Hkfo";fr\ okeik'osZ je.khukekyki bo Jw;rsA v=kSo fLFkRok Jks";kfeA oqQ.Myk & lf[k enkyls! Roa rq osQoya fo|kè;;us ,o jrk fd;Ura dkya ;kor~ czãp;Zorz a /kjf;";fl\ enkylk & Kkuksnf/Lrq vuUrikjks xHkhj'pA e;k lkxjrVs fLFkRok dfri;fcUno ,o izkIrk v|kof/A oqQ.Myk & fou;'khys ! fo|k nnkfr fou;e~ vr ,o ,oa Hk.kflA oqQyxq#&rqEc#egkHkkxSLrq xUèkoZjktk; vU;nso lwfpre~A enkylk & ¯d Jqra Ro;k ;n~ xq#o;S%Z eke~ vf/ÑR; fi=ks dfFkre~\ oqQ.Myk & vFk fde~A jktoqQekjh enkylk loZfo|kfu".kkrk tkrk ija r;k Lo;a oj% u izkIr% vr% rL;S ;ksX;ojL; vUos"k.ka dk;Ze~ bR;klhn~ xq#iknkuka ere~A enkylk & (gflRok) ufg tkufUr rs ;nga rq fookgcU/ua Lohdrq± u bPNkfeA oqQ.Myk & ¯d dfj";fl rnkA enkylk & czãokfnuh Hkfo";kfeA vkpk;sfZ rina izkI; f'k";sH;% thoudyka f'k{kf;";kfeA oqQ.Myk & tkus rs ¿ fHk#fpe~ vè;;us vè;kius pA ija ;Fkk yrs ; a lgdkjeoyEcrs rFkSo ukjh thou;k=kk;ka defi lgpje~ vis{krs ;% rL;k% voyEcua L;kr~A enkylk & ukfLr eRÑrs vko';drk voyEcuL;A Lo;a leFkkZ thouiFks pfyrqega u dL;kfi lVr%S ufrZraq ikj;kfeA oqQ.Myk & ufrZ";fl rnk ,dkfduh ,oA

74

HkkLorh

enkylk & (fogL;) ;fn Roa 'kh?kzeso ifrx`ga xfe";fl rnk ,dkfduh Hkfo";kfe ija ,d% mik;% vfi fpfUrr% e;kA oqQ.Myk & d% mik;\ enkylk & lÄõhrlkfgR;ekè;esu czãfo|ka ljlka fo/k; cgqH;% f'k'kqH;% f'k{k.ka iznkL;kfeA oqQ.Myk & x`gLFkkJea izfo'; Lof'k'kwuka pfj=kfuekZ.ka ekrqj/hue~A r=k dk fopkj.kk\ enkylk & ;Fkkga i';kfe iq#"k% Hkk;kZ;ka Lokf/iR;a LFkki;frA nzkiS nha Loh;ka lEifÙka eU;eku% ;qf/f"Bj% rka |wrs gkfjroku~ ;Fkk lk futhZoa oLrq vklhr~A oqQ.Myk & futhZoa rq uklhr~ ija ;qf/f"BjL; ,"kk ,o fpUruljf.k% vklhr~ bfr izrh;rsA enkylk & gfj'pUnz% LoiRuha 'kSO;ka] iq=ka jksfgra p tulÄysïq vki.ks foØhr oku~A ukfLr es euksjFk% bZn'` ka iRuhineÄõhdrZeq A~ oqQ.Myk & dVqlR;a [kYosrr~A ija lf[k! vfLeu~ lalkjs fofHkUuizÑfrdk% iq#"kk olfUrA LoizÑR;uqoQw y% oj% vfi izkI;rsA ROak rq uouoksUes"k'kkfyU;k izfrHk;k fofgrS% uwruS% iz;ksxS% vLeku~ lokZu~ foLeki;flA x`gLFkkJeks¿fi ,dk iz;ksx'kkyk ;L;ka Roa LoKkufoKku;ks% iz;ksxa drq± 'k{;flA enkylk & oqQ.Mys! nqyHZ kks tu% bZn'` k% ;% x`gLFkiz;ksx'kkyk;ka LoiRU;S LorU=krka n|kr~A ½rèot% & (Loxre~) voljks¿;ekRekua izdk'kf;rqeA~ (izdk'ke~) mifLFkrks¿ga 'k=kqftr% iq=k% ½rèot% vkKk psr~ vgefi vL;ka ifjppkZ;ka lfEefyrks Hkos;e~A oqQ.Myk & Lokxre~ vfrFk;sA vfi Jqrk% Hkofn~Hk% ee l[khfopkjk%\

enkylk

75

½rèot% & vke~! vr ,o iz"VqeRq lgs ¯d xU/oZjktfo'okolqegkHkkxk% vfi LoiRuha ;qf/f"Bj bo gkfjroUr% gfj'pUnz bo foØhroUr%\ oqQ.Myk & enkyls rw".kha fdeFk± fr"Bfl\ nsfg izR;qÙkje~A ½rèot% & ,dL; vijk/su lokZ tkfr% n.M~;k bfr fofp=kks U;k;% ro l[;k%A enkylk & v=kHkoUr% ukjhLok/hurkef/ÑR; ¯d dFk;fUr\ ½rèot% & ekrk ,o izFkek vkpk;kZ bR;fLr es vo/kj.kkA ukjh ,o leLrl`"Vs% fuekZ=khA ija dFkusu fde~\ ijh{; ,o KkL;fr v=kHkorhA ijh{kk& FkZe| q rks¿fLe x`gLFkkJeiz;ksx'kkyk;ke~A enkylk & LohÑr% izLrko%A oqQ.Myk & fn"V~;k o/sFZ kka ;qoke~A fe=koj] xU/oZdU;k enkylk xkU/oZfookg& fof/uk o`.kksfr v=kHkoUre~A vkdkj;s vga oqQyxq#a rqEcq#e~A vlkS vfXua lk{khÑR; vk'khoZpkafl o{;frA ½rèot% & izFkea rq l[khopua Jks";ko%A rnuq Lo;eso oqQyxq#a firjkS p lHkktf;rqa xfe";ko%A oqQ.Myk & ijLijizhfrerks% Hkorks% mins'kL; ukfLr dks¿fi vodk'k% rnkfi l[khLusg% eka Hkk"k;fr&Hk=kkZ lnSo Hkk;kZ HkrZO;k jf{krO;k pA ;rks fg /ekZFkZdkelafl¼;s ;Fkk Hkk;kZ HkrZ%q lgkf;uh Hkofr rFkk u dks¿fi vU;%A ijLijeuqorz kS ifriRU;kS f=kox± lk/;r%A ifr% ;fn izHkwra /ue~ vtZf;Rok x`geku;fr rr~ [kyq iRU;Hkkos oqQik=ks"kq nh;ekua {k;esfrA ½rèot% & y{E;k% j{kkFk± iRU;k% lg;ksx% vfuok;Z%A enkylk & oqQ.Mys! y{ehiwtk;ka u es izof` Ùk%A ;fn y{eh% iwT;k fiz;k p vfrfFko;ZL;] rnk bnkuheso es ueLdkj%A ½rèot% & LokfHkekfufu fiz;!s le{ka rs dFka dkfi liRuh LFkkrqa 'kDuksfr\ y{ehLrq ro nklh Hkfo";fr uSo liRuhA en~xkgZLF;a rq Ron/hua Hkfo";frA vkRekua HkkfolUrfra p KkufoKkukuqlU/k=;k gLrs leiZf;rqehgsA vkxE;rke~ xq#H;% fir`H;ka p lekpkja Jko;ko%A

76

HkkLorh

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p jktks|kue~ vkezeTjh.kke~ e/qjopakfl ;wu% je.khuke~ vkykibo jrk Jw;rs fLFkRok fd;Ura vuUrikjks xHkhj'p dfri; fcUno% lwfpre~ loZfo|kfu".kkrk tkrk vUos"k.ka czãokfnuh

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

izkI; f'k{kf;";kfe rs¿fHk#fpe~ vè;;us vè;kius vis{krs

& & & & & &

jktk $ m|kue~] jkK% mioue~] jktk dk m|kuA vkezL; eTjh.kke~ "k- rRiq-] vke dh ckSjksa dkA e/qjkf.k opakfl] deZ/kj;] e/qjopuksa dksA ;qou~ 'kCn] "k-,-o-] r#.kL;] ;qod dkA L=kh.kke~] ;qofr;ksa dkA vkyki% $ bo] okrkZyki lkA je~ $ Dr] L=kh-iz-,-o-] layXuk%] rRijA Jq $ deZ ok- yV~] iz-iq-,-o-] lquk tkrk gSA LFkk $ DRok] BgjdjA fd;r~ f}-,-o-] oqQNA u vUrikjkS ;L; l%] c-ozh- lekl] vkfn vUr jfgrA xHkhj% $ p] xaHkhjA dfri;s fcUno%] deZ/kj;] oqQN va'kA lwp~ $ Dr] fuosfnre~] lwfpr fd;kA lokZlq fo|klq fu".kkrk rRiq-] lHkh fo|kvksa esa fuiq.kA tu~ $ Dr] L=kh- iz- ,-o- gks xbZ gSA vuq $ b"k~ $ Y;qV~] uiqa- iz-,-o-] xos"k.ke~] [kkstA czãofnrqa 'khya ;L;k% lk czãu~ $ on~ $ f.kp~ $ f.kfu L=kh-] iz-,-o-] osnkUr esa fuiq.kA iz $ vki~ $ DRok $ Y;i~] vf/xR;] ikdjA f'k{k $ f.kp~] y`V~] m-iq-] ,-o-] f'k{kk nawxhA rs $ vfHk#fpe~] rqEgkjh yxu dksA vf/ $ b $ Y;qV~] l-,-o-] iBus] i<+us esaA vf/ $ b $ f.kp~ $ Y;qV~] l-,-o-] ikBus] i<+kus esaA vi $ bZ{k] yV~ iz-iq-,-o-] vko';drk dk vuqHko djrh gSA

77

enkylk

thouiFks

&

ufrZrqe~ ,dkfduh ljlka fo/k; Lokf/iR;a gkfjroku~ ;qf/f"BjL; ljf.k% izrh;rs tulÄïys q fofHkUu izÑfrdk%

& & & & & & & & & & &

LoizÑR;uqowQy%

&

uouoksUes"k'kkfyU;k foLeki;fl

& &

'k{;fl iz"Vqe~ vo/kj.kk fuekZ=kh vkdkj;s firjkS /ekZFkZdkelafl¼;s

& & & & & & &

thouL; iUFkk% thouiFk%] "k-rRiq-] rfLeu~] thou ekxsZ] thou osQ jkLrs ijA u`r~ $ rqequ~] ukpus osQ fy,A ,dkfdu~] L=kh- iz-,-o-] vosQyhA jlsu lfgrka] cgqozhfg lekl] jl;qDrA fo $ /k $ DRok] Y;i~] ÑRok djosQA LoL; vkf/iR;e~] "k-rRiq-] viuk LokfeRoA â $ f.kp~ $ Dror~] iq-iz-,-o-] gjok fn;kA ;qf/ $ fLFkj%] ;qf/f"Bj% vyqo~Q rRiq-] rL;A ekxZ%] jkLrkA izfr $ b] deZokP;] yV~ iz-iq-,-o- izrhrks Hkofr] izrhr gksrk gSA tuS% lÄïys q ] r`-rRiq-] HkhM+ ls Hkjs gq,A fofHkUu izÑfr% ;s"kka rs c-ozh-] fHkUuLoHkko%] fHkUu&fHkUu LoHkko okysA LoizÑfr $ vuqowQy%] LoL; izÑR;k vuqowQy%] vius vuqowQy LoHkko okykA uouosu mUes"ks.k 'kkyrs ;k lk r;k] ubZ ubZ pedokyhA fo $ fLe $ f.kp~ $ yV~] e-iq-] ,-o-] pfdre~ djksf"k] vk'p;Zpfdr dj jgh gksA 'ko~Q $ y`V~] e-iq-,-o-] leFkZ gksaxsA izPN~ $ rqequ~] iwNus osQ fy,A vo $ /` $ f.kp~ $ Y;qV~] /kj.kk] fopkj /kjkA fuj~ $ ek r`p~ $ L=kh-] fuekZ.k djus okyhA vk $ Ñ $ f.kp~] yV~] iz-iq-,-o-] cqykrk gw¡A ekrk p firk p] }U}] ekrk vkSj firkA /eZ% p vFkZ% p dke% p /ekZFkZdkek%] rs"kka lafl¼;s] /eZ] vFkZ] dke dh flf¼ osQ fy,A

78

HkkLorh

ifriRU;kS nh;ekue~ le{ke~ liRuh Ron/hue~ KkufoKkukuqlU/k=;k

& & & & & &

bZgs

&

ifr% p iRuh p }U} lekl] ifr iRuhA nk $ deZokP;] 'kkup~] uiqqa-iz-,-o-] fn;k tkrk gqvkA v{.kks% lEeq[ke~] vO;;hHkko] leklA leku% ifr% ;L;k% lk] lkSrA ro v/hue~ "k-rRiq-] rqEgkjs v/huA KkuL; foKkuL; p vuqlUèkk=;k%] "k-rRiq-] "k-,-o- Kku foKku dh [kkst djus okyh dkA bZg~ /krq] yV~ m-iq-] ,-o-] pkgrk gw¡A

vH;kl% 1-

,dinsu mÙkjr& (d) m|kua dL; vklhr~\ ([k) d% vkeze×tjh.kka 'kksHkka n`"V~ok owQtfr\ (x) dk fo|kè;;us jrk vklhr~\ (?k) dk fou;a nnkfr\ (Ä) dk loZfo|kfu".kkrk vklhr~A (p) enkylk ¯d Lohdrq± u bPNfr\ (N) f'k'kwuka pfj=kfuekZ.ka dL;k% v/hue~\ (t) d% Hkk;kZ;ka Lokf/iR;a LFkki;fr\ (>) ;qf/f"Bj% dka |wrs gkfjroku~\ (×k) d% ifjppkZ;ka lfEefyr% vHkor~\

2-

iw.kZokD;su mÙkja nnr& (d) oqQyxq#rqEc#% enkylk;k% fo"k;s ¯d dfFkroku~\ ([k) enkylk fookgcU/ua frjLÑR; ¯d drqeZ ~ bPNfr\ (x) ½rèot% Loifjp;a dFka nnkfr\

79

enkylk

(?k) ½rèotL; ukjha izfr dk /kj.kk vklhr~\ (Ä) dL;k% j{kkFk± iRU;k% lg;ksx% vfuok;Z% vfLr\ (p) ½rèot% y{E;k% o.kZua dFka djksfr\ 3-

js[kkfÄïrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) ;wuks% ân;a m|kuL; 'kksHkka n`"V~ok mRdf.Bra HkofrA ([k) enkylk KkuL; dfri;fcUnwu~ ,o izkIrorhA (x) oqQyxq#rqEc#egkHkkxS% xUèkoZjktk; lwfpre~A (?k) enkylk f'k";ku~ thoudyka ikBf;rqe~ bPNfrA (Ä) enkylk thous lVrS% ufrZrqa u bPNfr LeA (p) iq#"k% Hkk;kZ;ka Lokf/iR;a LFkki;frA (N) ;qf/f"Bj% nzkiS nha |wrs gkfjroku~A (t) gfj'pUnz% iq=ka tulÄq y ï s vki.ks foØhroku~A (>) vfLeu~ lalkjs fofHkUuizÑfrdk% iq#"kk% olfUrA (×k) y{E;k% j{kkFk± iRU;k% lg;ksx% vfuok;Z%A

4-

fo'ks"k.ka fo'ks";s.k lg ;kst;r& (d) xHkhj%

/ue~

([k) loZfo|kfu".kkrk

½rèot%

(x) fofHkUuizÑfrdk%

vki.ks

(?k) futhZoe~

Kkuksnf/%

(Ä) tulÄ~oqQys

iq#"kk%

(p) 'k=kqftr%

enkylk

(N) vuqozrkS

oLrq

(t) izHkwre~

ifriRU;kS

80

5-

6-

HkkLorh

izÑfrizR;;;ks% foHkkxa oqQ#r& ;Fkk & LFkkrqe~ ¾ (d) n`"V~ok ([k) JqRok (x) fLFkRok (?k) vf/ÑR; (Ä) LohdrqZe~ (p) ufrZrqe~ (N) fo/k; (t) eU;eku% (>) drqZe~ (×k) jf{krO;k

LFkk $ rqequ~

v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu oQ% oaQ izfr dFk;fr d% dFk;fr ;Fkk & Roa rq osQoya fo|kè;;us ,o jrk enkylk (d) vkpk;kZina izkI; f'k";ku~ thoudyka f'k{kf;";kfe ----------------------------([k) ukjh thou;k=kk;ka defi lgpjeis{krs --------------(x) vge~ u dL;kfi lÄsïr%S ufrZrqa ikj;kfe (?k) ¯d xU/oZjktfo'okolqegkHkkxkk% vfi LoiRuha ;qf/f"Bj% bo gkfjroUr% gfj'pUnz bo foØhroUr%\--------------(Ä) ,dL; vijk/su lokZ tkfr% n.M~;k bfr fofp=kks --------------U;k; ro l[;k%

7-

gfj'pUnz% lekts oSQ% xq.kS% izfl¼ vklhr~A

8-

ukjha izfr ½rèotL; dk /kj.kk vklhr~A

de~ izfr oqQ.Myke~ -----------------------------------------------------------------------

81

enkylk

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% enkylk ikSjkf.kd dFkklq vkn'kZuk;kZ mnkgj.ka izLrkSfrA r;k Loiq=kL; pfj=kfuekZ.kk; egku~ iz;kl% Ñr%A rFkkfg 'kS'kos iq=kk; dfFkr% rL;k% v;a 'yksd% funzkxhrs% (yksjh xhrs%) izfl¼e~ mnkgj.ke~A

'kq¼ks¿fl cq¼ks¿fl] fujatuks¿flA lalkjek;k ifjoftZrks¿flA lalkjLoIua R;t eksgfunzka enkylk okD;eqokp iq=ke~AA

n'ke% ikB%

izrh{kk vk/qfud mfM+;k ys[kdksa esa Jh jekdkUr jFk dk ew/UZ ; LFkku gSA vki dh vusd dfork,¡ ns'k&fons'k dh Hkk"kkvksa esa vuwfnr gks pqdh gSaA laLÑr Hkk"kk esa budh dforkvksa dk vuqokn ¶Jhjk/k¸ ds :i esa izdkf'kr gqvk gSA blds vuqoknd Jh xksfoUn pUnz mn~xkrk gSaA xhrxksfoUn dh Hkk¡fr bl esa Hkh jk/k ,oa Ñ".k ds l[;Hkko dks jgL;okn dh Nk;k esa cgqr lqUnj izdkj ls of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA jk/k Ñ".k dh izrh{kk djrh gS vkSj vR;Ur O;kdqy gks tkrh gSA fnu&jkr izrh{kk esa mls fofHkUu :iksa dh tks Nfo fn[kkbZ nsrh gS] og oLrqr% vfuoZpuh; gSA mu ds :i dk lkdY;su o.kZu djuk vlEHko gh gSA d.k&d.k esa fo|eku og mikL;] HkDr dks fofHkUu :iksa esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gS & ;g rF; cM+s gh izrhdkRed izdkj ls bl xhr esa izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA

83

izrh{kk

izrh{ks¿ga ro Ñrs fnua fnue~ jtuha jtuha p u tkrq n'kZua nnkfl es] ¯d rkoUes lk izrh{kk\ rL;ka es pkapY;ifjiwfjrk;ka izrh{kk;ke~ dq=k ok fo|rs LFkkue~ voLFkkuk; ro iw.kZr;k\ ;nk ok n`';rs] :iL;k/kZf/da rnk ro ykspufo"k;krhra HkwRok fr"BfrA ;r~ fdafpnfi n`';rs rFkkfi u Hktfr Li"V:irke~ ;rLrr~ lekPNÂeso Hkofr v'kkfUr&izlwrSesZ Le`fr&n`';kfHkyk"kScZgqfo/S%] vFk ok n`';rs LiqQjTtyo{kfl Nk;so iknikukeqidwyofrZuke~A n`"Vs lfr dL;fpÂkEuks :is LFkkus rL;ksitk;ekua n`';rs vU;Ppu foaQpu :ia ukekUrj&fpfÉre~A ,deso #ia HkwRokA gUr ukga HkktueHkoesrkork¿fi dkysu ,deso :ia drqZekReu% iw.kZr;kA fd;ku~ iqu% dkyks orZrs 'ks"k% ;nga fpUrf;";kfe ;nfl Roa rnwzir;k¿¿xR; ,dnk leqiLFkkL;fl enfUrosQ futZuosyk;ka es ijek;q"k%\

84

HkkLorh

'kCnkFkkZ% fVi.;'p izrh{ks jtuhe~ tkrq nnkfl izrh{kk;ke~ fo|rs voLFkkuk;

& & & & & & &

lekPNÂe~ izlwrS% vfUrosQ osyk;ke~

& & & &

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