Navigasi Electro.docx

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CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1.1. Background Ship navigation equipment is very important in determining the direction of the ship, in the past the navigation of the ship or the direction of the ship was done by looking at seeing celestial objects such as the sun and stars in the sky. For today, it is easier with modern navigation tools [1]. Monitoring of situations and conditions on long distance transportation is important in the world of transportation, especially on ships. This is needed to avoid the occurrence of transportation accidents that have often happened in the land, from several sea vessel transportation accidents, the main trigger factor is the overload which causes the ship to tilt and tilt because it is unbalanced and causes the ship to sink, burst and burn or upside down, besides natural factors and bad weather that often cause accidents. Meanwhile, communication from the crew to observers or earth stations has, on average, still used radio or cell phone communications to report the position, conditions and situation of the ships they are riding based on manual monitoring data, so that due to human factors that are forgotten and only report if there is an incident, then handling is sometimes often late because of the location of the ship from the monitoring and rescue team. So far the technology that exists on fishing vessels of the VL-3 maritime type Mina with Gross Tonnage <5GT operating in the sea of Tulungagung still has not applied sensors to determine the slope on the ship. Even if there are still using manual methods like the pendulum to find out slope [2], as well as detecting the height of the deck of the ship against the water level and location based on GPS. On the other hand, the information system to determine the condition of the ship through a monitoring station such as a port or company that manages the vessel is still often ignored so that conditions that can cause accidents in

ships such as tilts due to unbalanced shiploads are rarely known and can cause slow handling in the event of an accident due to these conditions and cause casualties. With cruising vessels operating in an area of 60 km from the port area for a period of 1 day at sea it is necessary to provide additional security systems to safeguard the safety of the marine workers. Then this tool will be made to apply the microcontroller and several sensors such as ultrasonic which functions to determine the distance, accelerometer sensor to find out the tilt angle on the ship, global position system (GPS) to find out the location of the coordinates of the ship and the FM radio as tool for sending data. By making this tool, it will be applied directly to fishermen so that they can assist in the safety and security of fishermen. 1.2. Formulation of the problem Based on the description above the problems that arise from this final project are as follows:

1. How to design hardware to be able to display the degree of slope and coordinates of the ship? 2. How to send and receive information signals from sensors about the degree of slope and coordinates of the location of the ship using FM signals using the FSK method? 3. How to design the output display from sending sensor data to a receiver in a computer using the Delphi software?

1.3. Aim From the description above the objectives of making this final assignment are: 1. Creating a hardware system to read the degree of slope and location of the ship and the device system for sending information. 3

2. Making a transmitter from the information signal obtained from the sensor which then modulated the carrier signal with the FSK method and designing the demodulation receiver to read information from the tanssitter 3. Designing the output display of sending sensor data to the receiver in a computer using the Delphi software.

1.4. Scope of problem To limit the extent of the discussion, the design of this final project is limited to the following: 1. Discusses how the ship's location and security monitoring system works. 2. More focused on discussing the signal delivery system in this tool, without overriding the software work system. 3. Using the FSM TCM3105 module as a supporting medium for digital data that will be sent via FM frequency. 4. The main controller of the system is designed using ATMEGA128.

1.5. Implementation Method The method used in the preparation of this final project is applicative in the following order:

a. The literature study, the author conducted a survey to the location of fishermen, where the information can later be used as a reference in making the final assignment tool. b. The literature study, conducted data collection and mem