Name Of Drug
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Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Gentamycin
Inhibits protein synthesis, directly to the 30s ribosomal subunit; bactericidal
Serious infection caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginos, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, or Staphylococcus
CNS- fever, headache, lethargy, encephalopathy, confusion, dizziness, seizures, numbness, peripheral neuropathy, vertigo, ataxia, tingling CV- headache EENT- ototoxicity, blurred vision, tinnitus GI- vomiting, nausea GU- nephrotoxicity, possible increased in urinary excretion of casts Hematologicanemia, eosinophilia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis Musculoskeletalmuscle twitching, my-asthenia gravislike syndrome
Prescribe dose Injection- 40 mg/mL (adults); 10mg/mL (children) IV infusion (premixed) 40mg, 60mg, 70mg, 80mg, 90mg, 100mg, 120mg; in normal saline solution
Nursing responsibilities >Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity test before giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results. > Monitor renal function: urine output, specific gravity, urinalysis, BUN and creatinine levels and creatinine clearance. Report to prescriber evidence of declining renal function. >Watch for signs and symptoms of superinfection (especially of upper respiratory tract) such as continued fever, chills, and increased pulse rate. >Therapy usually continues for 7 to 10 days. If no response occurs in 3 to 5
Respiratory- apnea Skin- rash, uticaria, pruritis, injection site pain Other- anaphylaxis
days, stop therapy and obtain new specimens for culture and sensitivity testing.
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Ampicillin
Inhibits cells-wall synthesis during bacterial multiplication (antiinjection, penicillins)
>respiratory tract or skn and skin structure infections >GI infections or UTI’s >Bacterial meningitis or septicemia >Uncomplicated gonorrhea >To prevent endocarditis in patients having dental, GI and GU procedures
CNS: lethargy, 500 mg TIV every 8 hallucinations, hours seizures, anxiety, confusion, agitation, depression, dizziness, fatigue CV: vein irritation, thromphlebitis GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, abdominal pain, enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, black hairy tongue GU: intestinal nephritis, nephropathy, Vaginitis Hematologic: anemis, thrombocytopenia, purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, hymolytic anemia, agranulocytosis Skin: pain at
Nursing responsibilities >before giving drug, ask patient about allergic reaction to penicillins >obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first dose >given drug 1-2 hours before 2-3 hours after meals >monitor sodium level because each gram of ampicillin contains 2.9 mEq of sodium >watch for sign and symptoms of hypersensitivity, such as reythematous maculo-popular rash, urticaria, and anaphylaxis >inform patient to notify prescriber if rash, fever, or chills develop.
injection site Other: hypersensitivity reaction, overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
USN with combivent
Relaxes bronchial, uterine, and vascular smooth muscle by stimulating beta receptors (bronchodilators)
>to prevent or treat bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease >to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm
CNS: tremor, ner5vousness, dizziness, insomia, headache, hyperactivity, weakness, CNS stimulation, malaise CV: tachycardia, palpitation, hypertension EENT: dry and irritated nose and throat with inhaled form, nasal congestion, epistaxis, hoarseness GI: heartburn, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, altered taste, increased appetite Metabolic: hypokalemia Musculoskeletal: muscle cramps Respiratory: bronchospasm, cough, wheezing,
½ + 2cc NSS every 6 hours
Nursing responsibilities >back tapping after nebulization >instruct patients to gargle with water after nebulization because it can cause throat irritation
dyspnea, bronchitis, increased sputum Other: sensitivity reaction
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Ranitidine
Competitively inhibits actions of histamine on the H2 at receptors sites of parietal cells, decreasing gastric acid secretion (antiulcerance)
>duodenal and gastric ulcer; pathologic hypersecretory conditions, such as Zollinger Elison syndrome >maintenance theory for duodenal/gastric ulcer >erosive esophagitis >heartburn
CNS: vertigo, malaise, headache EENT: blurred vision Hepatic: jaundice Other: burning and itching at injection site, anaphylaxis, angioedema
50 mg TIV
Nursing responsibilities >assess patient for abdominal pain. Note presence of blood in emesis, stool, or gastric aspirole
Name of drug
Action
Omeprazole
Inhibits activity of acid (proton) pump and binds to hydrogen-potassium
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Nursing responsibilities
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Gentamycin
Inhibits protein synthesis, directly to the 30s ribosomal subunit; bactericidal
Serious infection caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginos, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, or Staphylococcus
CNS- fever, headache, lethargy, encephalopathy, confusion, dizziness, seizures, numbness, peripheral neuropathy, vertigo, ataxia, tingling CV- headache EENT- ototoxicity, blurred vision, tinnitus GI- vomiting, nausea GU- nephrotoxicity, possible increased in urinary excretion of casts Hematologicanemia, eosinophilia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis Musculoskeletalmuscle twitching, my-asthenia gravislike syndrome
Prescribe dose Injection- 40 mg/mL (adults); 10mg/mL (children) IV infusion (premixed) 40mg, 60mg, 70mg, 80mg, 90mg, 100mg, 120mg; in normal saline solution
Nursing responsibilities >Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity test before giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results. > Monitor renal function: urine output, specific gravity, urinalysis, BUN and creatinine levels and creatinine clearance. Report to prescriber evidence of declining renal function. >Watch for signs and symptoms of superinfection (especially of upper respiratory tract) such as continued fever, chills, and increased pulse rate. >Therapy usually continues for 7 to 10 days. If no response occurs in 3 to 5
Respiratory- apnea Skin- rash, uticaria, pruritis, injection site pain Other- anaphylaxis
days, stop therapy and obtain new specimens for culture and sensitivity testing.
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Ampicillin
Inhibits cells-wall synthesis during bacterial multiplication (antiinjection, penicillins)
>respiratory tract or skn and skin structure infections >GI infections or UTI’s >Bacterial meningitis or septicemia >Uncomplicated gonorrhea >To prevent endocarditis in patients having dental, GI and GU procedures
CNS: lethargy, 500 mg TIV every 8 hallucinations, hours seizures, anxiety, confusion, agitation, depression, dizziness, fatigue CV: vein irritation, thromphlebitis GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, abdominal pain, enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, black hairy tongue GU: intestinal nephritis, nephropathy, Vaginitis Hematologic: anemis, thrombocytopenia, purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, hymolytic anemia, agranulocytosis Skin: pain at
Nursing responsibilities >before giving drug, ask patient about allergic reaction to penicillins >obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first dose >given drug 1-2 hours before 2-3 hours after meals >monitor sodium level because each gram of ampicillin contains 2.9 mEq of sodium >watch for sign and symptoms of hypersensitivity, such as reythematous maculo-popular rash, urticaria, and anaphylaxis >inform patient to notify prescriber if rash, fever, or chills develop.
injection site Other: hypersensitivity reaction, overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
USN with combivent
Relaxes bronchial, uterine, and vascular smooth muscle by stimulating beta receptors (bronchodilators)
>to prevent or treat bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease >to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm
CNS: tremor, ner5vousness, dizziness, insomia, headache, hyperactivity, weakness, CNS stimulation, malaise CV: tachycardia, palpitation, hypertension EENT: dry and irritated nose and throat with inhaled form, nasal congestion, epistaxis, hoarseness GI: heartburn, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, altered taste, increased appetite Metabolic: hypokalemia Musculoskeletal: muscle cramps Respiratory: bronchospasm, cough, wheezing,
½ + 2cc NSS every 6 hours
Nursing responsibilities >back tapping after nebulization >instruct patients to gargle with water after nebulization because it can cause throat irritation
dyspnea, bronchitis, increased sputum Other: sensitivity reaction
Name of drug
Action
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Ranitidine
Competitively inhibits actions of histamine on the H2 at receptors sites of parietal cells, decreasing gastric acid secretion (antiulcerance)
>duodenal and gastric ulcer; pathologic hypersecretory conditions, such as Zollinger Elison syndrome >maintenance theory for duodenal/gastric ulcer >erosive esophagitis >heartburn
CNS: vertigo, malaise, headache EENT: blurred vision Hepatic: jaundice Other: burning and itching at injection site, anaphylaxis, angioedema
50 mg TIV
Nursing responsibilities >assess patient for abdominal pain. Note presence of blood in emesis, stool, or gastric aspirole
Name of drug
Action
Omeprazole
Inhibits activity of acid (proton) pump and binds to hydrogen-potassium
Indication
Side effects
Preferred dose
Nursing responsibilities
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