My English New Words

subcontinent Accord

N N

Guerrilla

N

amid

p rep

Paves the way Framework Mainstream Deploy Pass off dash Scramble Shell condense brevity Plunge Ratify Proponent Enact Codify Mitigate

A large landmass smaller than a continent agreement: a treaty or settlement agreed to by two or more parties a member of an irregular paramilitary unit, usually with a political objective such as the overthrow of a government

N N V

Within or among While sth is happening Prepare the smooth easy way Basic conceptional structure Current direction of activity or influence Extend width

v v v v N V V N V V V

Ruin sth Hurry bombard Make text shorter Use of few words Drop suddenly in value Formally approve sth Advocate - support speak in favor of sth Make sth law Arrange laws into organized system Make an crime less serious Lessen sth

Provision

N

Andean Chamber of commerce

Bluster Hyperbole counterproduc tive Assert Credible

a clause in a law or contract stating that a condition must be met

of Andes relating to the Andes association of business people: an organization of local businesspeople who work together to promote and protect common interests in trade

N N V

Loud arrogant speech Exaggeration Produce problems and difficulty instead of helping to achieve a goal State sth Believable Trustworthy

Circumstantial (evidence)

based on inference: containing or based on facts that allow a court to deduce that somebody is guilty without conclusive proof

Defiance Sanction

N N

Open disobedience INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS punitive measure to pressure country: a measure taken by one or more nations to apply pressure on another nation to conform to international law or opinion (often used in the plural) imposed trade sanctions

Proximity Aide Countercharge Counterbalance Counter-part

N N N

Closeness Assistant, advisor Accusation against accuser

N

Balance sth with equal weight

N

Matching pair fits together Copy of legal document

Counter-sign

V

sign document already signed: to sign a document that somebody else has signed, e.g. as a witness to the signature or to confirm an authorization

Counter-act Counterespionage

V N

Lessen its effect spying on spies: government activity designed to detect and prevent spying by an enemy

Counterrevolutionary Countervailing duty

Opposed to revolution U.K. customs duty on cheap imports: an import duty on commodities that can be produced very cheaply in their country of origin

Negotiation

N

Compromise

N

agreement

N

Deal

N

Treaty

N

Pact

N

Radical

Adj

Dismay

N

Implement

V

Repeal

N V

Distaste

N

Revoke

V

The reaching of agreement through discussion and compromise Agreement: a settlement of a dispute in which two or more sides agree to accept less than they originally wanted something accepted rather than wanted: something that somebody accepts because what was wanted is unattainable formal contract: a contract or arrangement, either written or verbal and sometimes enforceable by law business transaction: an agreement, arrangement, or transaction, usually one that benefits all the parties involved agreement between states: a formal contract or agreement negotiated between countries or other political entities pact: an agreement or contract between two or more parties mutual agreement: an agreement made between two or more people or groups, either formally or informally, to do something together or for each other pervasive: far-reaching, searching, or thoroughgoing feeling of discouragement: a feeling of hopelessness, disappointment, or discouragement Carry out or fulfill something: to put something into effect or action abolition of law: the act of repealing something such as a law undo law: to officially end the validity of something such as a law dislike: a feeling of dislike, disapproval, or mild disgust law formally cancel something: to make

something null and void by withdrawing, recalling, or reversing it

Repression

N

Disclosure

N

Embroil

V

Dispute

N

Stringent

Adj

Broker

V

Conduct

N

Pervasive

Adj

Given

N

Impose Unrest

V N

Step up

V

summon somebody back: to call somebody back, e.g. from exile or from an overseas position The act of using force to control a group of people and restrict their freedom law process of sharing information between sides: in a lawsuit, the legal requirement that each side must provide copies of all documents to the other side before the trial, or the process of fulfilling this requirement involve somebody in conflict: to involve somebody or yourself in trouble, disagreement, or conflict argument: a serious argument or disagreement Of law, regulation: very strict and must be obeyed arrange deal or sale: to act as an agent in arranging a deal, sale, or contract how somebody manages something: the management or execution of matters such as work or official affairs present everywhere: spreading widely or present throughout something

accepted fact: a fact or event that is accepted as true or definite at the outset and that affects subsequent reasoning To introduce a new law, rule, tax… social or political discontent: social or political discontent or protest that disrupts the established order Come forward

Exacerbate Subsidy

V N

Slap sth on sth Exempt sb/sth (from sth) Intervene

V

Nix

V

v V

Make worse Money paid by Government or organization to reduce the costs of services Increase the price of sth suddenly Free sb from obligation Release sth from rule economics act to manipulate economic markets: to take economic action that is designed to counter a trend in a market, especially in order to stabilize a country's currency say no to something: to refuse, forbid, or veto something (slang)