Muslim Uttoradhikar Ain

  • November 2019
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AvB‡bi K_v

DwKj Avcv, Avgvi ev‡c cuvP Qq weNv Rwg ivBLv gBiv †M‡Q| fvB‡qiv Kq, bvBIi AvBbv LvIqvBZvwQ ‡nB g¨vjv Rwg Uwg cvwe bv| Anb Avc‡b wK Kb?

Zzwg Aek¨B m¤úwË cv‡e| ïay Rwg †Kb, evwomn Ab¨vb¨ m¤úwËiI fvM cv‡e| †Zvgvi wcZvi m¤úwË †_‡K GKRb fvB hv cv‡e, Zzwg Zvi A‡a©K cv‡e| fvB‡qiv bv w`‡Z PvB‡j AvBb †Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvBb f~wgKv Bmjv‡gi Avwef© v ‡ei c~ ‡ e© g„ Z e¨w³i m¤úwË Zvi Iqvwik‡`i g‡a¨ Avie mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wewfbœ cÖ_v Abyhvqx ewÈZ n‡Zv| GB cÖ_v¸‡jv wQj A‡hŠw³K, ˆelg¨g~jK, b¨vqwePvi I b¨vqciZvi g~ j aviYvi cwicš’x| g„Z e¨w³i gv, ¯¿x, Kb¨vmn Ab¨vb¨ gwnjv IqvwikMY †Kv‡bv m¤úwË †c‡Zv bv| Bmjv‡gi Avwef©v‡ei c~‡e© gwnjviv m¤úwË †_‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e ewÂZ n‡Zb| Bmjv‡g DËivwaKvi AvBb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó weavb †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges m¤úwˇZ bvix‡`i AwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi g~j Drm Avj-†Kvivb| †Kv‡bv g„Z gymjgv‡bi m¤úwË Zvi DËivwaKvix‡`i g‡a¨ wKfv‡e wewje›Ub Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi bxwZ ev KvVv‡gv †Kviv‡b eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kviv‡b ewY©Z bxwZ ev KvVv‡gv AbymiY K‡i gy m wjg AvBb wekvi`MY DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi wewfbœ mgm¨vi mgvavb K‡i‡Qb| G cÖm‡½ GKwU D`vniY †`qv †h‡Z cv‡iÑ †Kviv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, †Kv‡bv g„Z e¨w³i GKRb †g‡q _vK‡j †m 12 fvM A_©vr A‡a©K m¤úwË cv‡e| hw` GKvwaK †g‡q _v‡K Z‡e

†g‡qiv 23 fvM A_©vr †gvU m¤úwËi wZb fv‡Mi `yB fvM cv‡e| Avevi GI ejv n‡q‡Q †h, g„Z e¨w³i †Q‡j Zvi †g‡qi wظY cv‡e A_©vr GK †g‡q hv cv‡e GK †Q‡j Zvi wظY cv‡e| Avgiv GLv‡b †Kviv‡bi GB bxwZwU e¨vL¨v ev we‡k-lY Ki‡Z cvwi| aiv hvK bv‡`i gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj GKwU †Q‡j I GKwU †g‡q Ges 24 weNv Rwg| G‡¶‡Î †Kviv‡bi DËivwaKvi msµvš— bxwZ Abyhvqx g„Z bv‡`‡ii GK †g‡q A‡a©K m¤úwË cvq A_©vr 24 weNvi 12 weNv †g‡q cvq| Avevi †Kviv‡bi Av‡iv GKwU bxwZ n‡jv, †Q‡j †g‡qi wظY cvq| Zvn‡j bv‡`‡ii †Q‡j‡K w`‡Z n‡e 24 weNv, †h‡nZz †g‡q †c‡q‡Q 12 weNv, hvi 12 weNv †g‡q †c‡q‡Q Avi Aewkó i‡q‡Q 12 weNv| myZivs †Kviv‡bi GB bxwZ ûeû †g‡b bv‡`‡ii m¤úwË eÈb Kiv hv‡e bv| Avi ZvB gymwjg AvBb wekvi`MY †Kviv‡bi GB bxwZwU‡K e¨vL¨v Ki‡jb Gfv‡eÑ †h‡¶‡Î g„Z e¨w³i ïay Kb¨v _vK‡e, cyÎ _vK‡e bv †m‡¶‡ÎB †Kej Kb¨v ev Kb¨viv †KvivwbK Ask cv‡e| †h‡¶‡Î g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ I Kb¨v GKm‡½ _vK‡e †m‡¶‡Î GK Kb¨v hv cv‡e GK cyÎ Zvi wظb cv‡e| AZGe †`Lv hv‡”Q, gymwjg DËivwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î †Kviv‡bi bxwZ ev KvVv‡gv‡K AbymiY K‡i gy m wjg AvBb wekvi`MY Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i ey w × we‡ePbv Kv‡R jvwM‡q DËivwaKvi wbY©‡q wewfbœ wm×v‡š— †cuŠ‡Q‡Qb| gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvBb wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi

ïi“‡Z DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi Av‡iv `y-GKwU welq Av‡jvPbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j Avgiv g‡b KiwQ, †hgbÑ 1. †Kviv‡b eviRb DËivwaKvixi K_v D‡j-L Av‡Q, hvi g‡a¨ AvURbB bvix| c~‡e©B Dáj≠L Kiv náqáQ Üh, Bmjvági Avwef©váei c~áe© bvixiv †Kv‡bv m¤úwËB †c‡Zv bv| A_P †Kviv‡b Dwj≠wLZ eviRb DËivwaKvix‡`i g‡a¨ AvURbB n‡jv bvix| G‡Z K‡i Aby‡gq †h †Kvivb bvix‡`i KZUzKz m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Q| 2. hviv DËivwaKvi AvBb m¤ú‡K© Lye mvgvb¨B Rv‡bb ZvivI GZUzKz Rv‡bb †h, GKRb cyi“l me mgqB GKRb gwnjvi PvB‡Z wظY m¤úwË cvb| wKš‘ G aviYvwU mwVK bq| me †¶‡Î GKRb cyi“l GKRb gwnjv †_‡K wظY cvb bv| †hgbÑ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` Zvi †Q‡j, †g‡q, evev I gv †i‡L gviv hvb Z‡e †m‡¶‡Î H g„Z e¨w³i evevI 16 m¤úwË cv‡eb Ges gvI 16 m¤úwË cv‡eb| g„Z e¨w³i evev cyi“l e‡j g„Z e¨w³i gv‡qi †P‡q †ewk cv‡eb bv| Avevi ˆewc‡Îq fvB I ˆewc‡Îq †evb mgvb m¤úwË cvq| GKRb ˆewc‡Îq fvB 1 6 cvq Avevi GKRb ˆewc‡Îq †evbI 1 6 Ask cvq| GLv‡bI fvB cyi“l e‡j †ewk cv‡”Q bv| GLv‡b Dáj≠L® Üh, ˆewc‡Îq fvB I ˆewc‡Îq †evb †Kej cÖavb DËivwaKvixiv bv _vK‡jB m¤úwË cvb|

2

ZvQvov g„Z e¨w³i hw` `v`v I `v`x _v‡K Z‡e ZvivI cÖ‡Z¨‡K 16 Ask K‡i m¤úwË cv‡e| `v`v cyi“l e‡j `v`xi †_‡K †ewk cv‡eb bv| myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, me‡¶‡Î cyi“‡liv bvix‡`i †P‡q wظY m¤úwË cvb bv| A‡bK †¶‡ÎB bvixiv cyi“‡li mgvb m¤úwË jvf K‡ib| 3. wKQy wKQy †¶‡Î bvixiv cyi“‡li A‡a©K m¤úwË cvb, †hgbÑ wcZv-gvZvi m¤úwË Zv‡`i †Q‡j‡g‡qiv mgvb cvq bv| †Q‡j, †g‡qi wظY cvq| Avevi ¯^vgx Zvi ¯¿x gviv †M‡j Pvi fv‡Mi GKfvM cvq, †m‡¶‡Î ¯¿x cvq 18 fvM A_© v r Zvi A‡a© K | G †¶Î¸‡jv‡Z ˆelg¨ i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ A‡b‡K Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z Pvb bv| Zviv hyw³ †`Lvb †h, †g‡qiv †Zv evevi evwo †_‡KI cvq Avevi ¯^vgxi evwo †_‡KI cvq| wKš‘ cyi“liv wK evevi evwo †_‡K cvq bv? cvq| Zviv wK ¯¿xi KvQ †_‡K cvq bv? cvq| ZvQvov evevgvi wbKU †_‡K GKRb cyi“l GKRb bvixi †P‡q wظY cvq| Avevi g„Z ¯¿xi m¤úwË †_‡KI GKRb cyi“l GKRb bvix Zvi g„Z ¯^vgxi †_‡K hv cvq, Zvi wظY cvq| GB Dfq †¶‡ÎB GKRb cyi“l GKRb bvixi wظY cv‡”Q| myZivs bvixiv evevi evwo †_‡KI cvq Avevi ¯^vgxi wbKU †_‡KI cvq G hyw³ †`wL‡q GKRb bvix‡K GKRb cyi“‡li A‡a©K m¤úwË †`qvi hyw³ †av‡c wU‡K bv|

4. gv‡qi m¤úwË †g‡qiv †ewk cvq G K_vwU Avgv‡`i †`‡k LyeB cÖPwjZ| A‡b‡KB GiKg GKwU aviYv †cvlY K‡ib| wKš‘ gy m wjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡b G K_vwUi †Kv‡bv wfwË †bB| g„Z wcZvi m¤úwË †hfv‡e †Q‡j I †g‡q‡`i g‡a¨ fvM nq, GKBfv‡e g„Z gvZvi m¤úwËI Zvi †Q‡j I †g‡q‡`i g‡a¨ fvM n‡e| A_©vr g„Z wcZvi m¤úwË †_‡K cÖ‡Z¨K †Q‡j cvq `yB fvM Ges cÖ‡Z¨K †g‡q cvq GK fvM| myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, g„Z wcZv I gvZv Df‡qi wbKU †_‡KB †Q‡jiv †g‡q‡`i †P‡q wظY m¤úwË cvq| gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvBb GKUz RwUj wKš‘ G m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf Kiv KwVb bq| DËivwaKvi AvBb m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf Kiv cÖ m ‡½ nhiZ gy n v¤§` (mt) e‡j‡Qb, ÒDËivwaKvi AvBb wb‡R Rv‡bv Ges Aci‡K RvbvI, mKj Áv‡bi A‡a©K Ávb n‡jv GB ÁvbÓ| DËivwaKvi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? †Kv‡bv e¨w³i g„Zz¨i ci Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwˇZ Zvi RxweZ AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡`i †h AwaKvi Rb¥vq Zv‡K e‡j DËivwaKvi| g„Z e¨w³ gwnjv ev cyi“l hvB †nvK GKB wbq‡g Zvi m¤úwËi DËivwaKvi wbY©q Kiv n‡e|

3

DËivwaKvi eȇbi bxwZ DËivwaKvixiv g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwËi Iqvwik wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cÖvß nIqvi Av‡M wb‡æ ewY©Z welq¸‡jv †`L‡Z nq: g„Z e¨w³i `vdb-Kvd‡bi LiP cwi‡kva Kiv g„Z e¨w³i †Kv‡bv FY ev †`bv _vK‡j Zv cwi‡kva Kiv ¯¿xi †`b‡gvni cwi‡kva Kiv g„Z e¨w³ KZ…K © †Kv‡bv DBj Kiv _vK‡j †mB DB‡j Dwj-wLZ m¤úwË cÖ`vb Kiv| Gici †h m¤úwË _vK‡e Zv Iqvwik‡`i g‡a¨ fvM n‡e|

Abyhvqx hv‡`i Ici ¯^Z¡ eZ©v‡e Zv‡`iB DËivwaKvix ev Iqvwik e‡j| gy m wjg AvB‡bi weavb g‡Z DËivwaKvix‡`i‡K wZb †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv nq: 1. †KvivwbK Askx`vi 2. Aewkó‡fvMx 3. `~ieZ©x AvZ¥xqMY †KvivwbK Askx`vi: †h mKj IqvwikMY g„Z e¨w³i †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwˇZ †Kviv‡b ewY©Z wbw`©ó Ask cvIqvi AwaKvix ZvivB †KvivwbK Askx`vi| Aewkó‡fvMx: †h DËivwaKvix‡`i mv‡_ g„Z e¨w³i i‡³i m¤úK© Av‡Q Ges †Kviv‡b ewY© Z Askx`vi‡`i m¤úwË †`qvi ci Aewkó m¤úwˇZ hviv nK`vi ZvivB Aewkó‡fvMx|

m¤úwË fv‡Mi bxwZ AwaKZi wbKUeZ© x AvZ¥xq `~ i eZ© x AvZ¥xq‡K ewÂZ K‡i| †hgb, g„Z e¨w³i evev †eu‡P _vK‡j `v`v m¤úwË cvq bv| Avevi †Q‡j‡g‡q †eu ‡ P _vK‡j bvwZbvZbxiv m¤úwË cvq bv| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †Q‡j _vK‡j cÖ‡Z¨K †Q‡j mgvb Ask cv‡e| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †g‡q _vK‡j cÖ‡Z¨K †g‡q mgvb Ask cv‡e| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ¯¿x _vK‡j cÖ‡Z¨K ¯¿x Zv‡`i wba©vwiZ Ask mgvb nv‡i fvM K‡i †b‡e| g„Z e¨w³i wcZv ev †Q‡j _vK‡j g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwË evB‡i hvq bv|

`~ i eZ© x AvZ¥xqMY: g„ Z e¨w³i †Kv‡bv †KvivwbK Askx`vi ev Aewkó‡fvMx bv _vK‡j hviv m¤úwË cvb ZvivB n‡jb `~ieZ©x AvZ¥xqMY| cÖavb DËivwaKvi ev Askx`vi g„ Z e¨w³i m¤úwË g~ j Z cu v PRb DËivwaKvixi gv‡S fvM nq: 1. wcZv 2. gvZv 3. ¯¿x/¯^vgx 4. †g‡q 5. †Q‡j ¯^vgxi AeZ©gv‡b ¯¿x I ¯¿xi AeZ©gv‡b ¯^vgx m¤úwË cv‡e, evwK PviRb me mgqB cv‡e|

DËivwaKvix‡`i †kªYx wefvM †Kv‡bv gy m jgvb g„ Z z ¨ eiY Ki‡j Zvi m¤úwˇZ gy m wjg DËivwaKvi AvBb 4

†_‡K Zvi wcZv cv‡e 16 Ask A_©vr †gvU m¤úwˇK 6 fvM K‡i Zvi 1 fvM| Zvn‡j g„Z †ejv‡ji wcZv cv‡”Q 4 weNv| Gici Aewkó m¤úwˇK mgvb wZb fvM Ki‡Z n‡e, hvi 2 fvM cv‡e g„Z †ejv‡ji †Q‡j Ges 1 fvM cv‡e g„Z †ejv‡ji †g‡q| Zvn‡j GLv‡b †Q‡j cv‡”Q 13 12 weNv Ges †g‡q cv‡”Q 6 12 weNv|

Dwj-wLZ cuvPRb Qvov Av‡iv 7 Rb Askx`vi Av‡Qb wKš‘ cÖavb Askx`vi _vK‡j Zviv m¤úwË cvb bv| Zviv n‡jbÑ 1. `v`v = 16 2. `v`x/bvbx =

1 6

3. †Q‡j †g‡q ev bvZbx = Zvi †ewk †g‡q = 23 4. Avcb †evb = Avcb †evb =

1 2 2 3

1 2

, `yB ev

, `yB ev Zvi †ewk myZivs wcZv 4 weNv †Q‡j 13 12 weNv †g‡q 6 12 weNv †gvU 24 weNv D³ wbq‡g †ejv‡ji m¤úwË fvM n‡e|

5. ˆewc‡Îq †evb = 16 , `yB ev Zvi †ewk ˆewc‡Îq †evb = 13 6. ˆewc‡Îq fvB = 16 , `yB ev Zvi †ewk ˆewc‡Îq fvB = 13

m¤úwË cvIqvi †¶‡Î wcZvi wZb Ae¯’vÑ K. g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ ev cy‡Îi cyÎ ev Zvi wb‡P 1 †KD _vK‡jI wcZv 6 Ask m¤úwË cv‡e|

7. ˆegv‡Îq †evb = 12 , `yB ev Zvi †ewk ˆegv‡Îq †evb = 23 Askx`viiv †K KZUzKz m¤úwË cv‡e?

D`vniY: Aveyj gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj 1 cyÎ I wcZv Ges 12 weNv m¤úwË| G‡¶‡Î wcZv cv‡e 16 Ask A_©vr †gvU m¤úwËi 6 fv‡Mi 1 fvM Ges Aewkó m¤úwË †Q‡jB cv‡e| GLv‡b wcZv cv‡e 6 fv‡Mi 1 fvM wn‡m‡e 2 weNv, †Q‡j Aewkó m¤úwË A_©vr 10 weNv cv‡e| myZivs wcZv 2 weNv cyÎ 10 weNv †gvU 12 weNv Gfv‡e Avey‡ji m¤úwË fvM n‡e|

wcZv g„Z e¨w³i †Kv‡bv mš—vb ev cy‡Îi cyÎ _vK‡j wcZv 16 Ask m¤úwË cvb| D`vniY: †ejvj gviv hvIqvi mgq wcZv, GKcyÎ I GK Kb¨v‡K Iqvwik wn‡m‡e †i‡L gviv hvq| g„Z †ejv‡ji m¤úwˇZ wcZv 1 6 Ask cv‡e Ges evwK Ask GK Kb¨v I GK cyÎ Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e cv‡e| aiv hvK, †ejvj 24 weNv Rwg †i‡L gviv †Mj| G‡¶‡Î g„Z †ejv‡ji †gvU m¤úwË 5

L. cyÎ bv †_‡K Kb¨v _vK‡j ev Zvi wb‡P †KD _vK‡jI wcZv 16 Ask m¤úwË cvq Ges Aewkó m¤úwËI wZwbB cv‡eb|

nv‡k‡gi wcZv Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e cv‡eb| Gfv‡e nv‡k‡gi m¤úwË ewÈZ n‡e| M. g„Z e¨w³ wbtmš—vb n‡j Zvi wcZv Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cvb|

D`vniY: nv‡kg gviv hvIqvi mgq wcZv I GK Kb¨v‡K Iqvwik wn‡m‡e †i‡L hvb| GB 1 1 †¶‡Î wcZv 6 Ask cv‡eb Ges Kb¨v 2 Ask 2 cv‡e Ges Aewkó 6 Ask wcZv Aewkó‡fvMx 1 wn‡m‡e cv‡eb| A_©vr wcZv 2 ( 16 + 26 ) Ges Kb¨v 12 m¤úwË cv‡eb| GLv‡b †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, wcZv GKB mv‡_ †KvivwbK Askx`vi I Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cv‡”Qb| †h‡nZz nv‡k‡gi †Kv‡bv cyÎ mš—vb †bB, Av‡Q GKwU Kb¨v mš—vb, †m‡nZz nv‡k‡gi wcZv †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cv‡”Qb| Avevi Kb¨v‡K Ask †`qvi ci hv Aewkó _vK‡Q ZvI cv‡”Qb| †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e wcZv cv‡”Qb 1 vwyv6 Ask Ges †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e Kb¨v cv‡”Qb 12 Ask| AZGe 16 + 12 =

D`vniY: dzjevby gviv †Mj, †i‡L †Mj wcZv I ¯^vgx| †h‡nZz dzjevby wbtmš—vb †m‡nZz 1 Zvi ¯^vgx cv‡e 2 fvM Ges wcZv cv‡e Aewkóvsk, A_©vr 12 fvM| G‡¶‡Î hw` dzjevby 10 weNv m¤úwË ‡i‡L gviv hvq Z‡e Zvi ¯^vgx †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e 12 Ask A_©vr 5 weNv Ges wcZv Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e Aewkó m¤úwË 5 weNv cv‡eb| Gfv‡e dzjevbyi 10 weNv Rwg ewÈZ n‡e|

= 46 = 23 A_©vr wZb fv‡Mi `yBfvM ewÈZ n‡jv| evwK _vK‡jv wZb fv‡Mi GKfvM| GB wZb fv‡Mi GKfvMI nv‡k‡gi wcZvB Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e cv‡eb|

gvZv DËivwaKvi jv‡fi †¶‡Î gvZvi wZb Ae¯’v n‡Z cv‡i Ñ K. hw` g„Z e¨w³i mš—vb ev cy‡Îi mš—vb, hZB wb‡Pi w`‡K †nvK bv †Kb A_ev g„Z e¨w³i Avcb ev ˆewc‡Îq `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK fvB wKsev †evb _v‡K, GgbwK hw` ïay GKRb fvB I GK‡evb _v‡K Z‡e gvZv g„‡Zi m¤úwËi 16 Ask cvb|

aiv hvK nv‡k‡gi Rwg wQj 18 weNv, Zvi ga¨ †_‡K Zvi wcZv †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e cv‡eb 16 Ask A_©vr 3 weNv| Kb¨v 1 A_© v r 9 weNv Ges Aewkó 6 weNvI 2

D`vniY: Avwgb gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj gv, evev, `yB †evb| GLv‡b g„Z Avwg‡bi gv cv‡eb 16 Ask, (†h‡nZz Avwg‡bi `yB †evb Av‡Q) Ges Avwg‡bi evevI cv‡eb 16 Ask|

1+3 6

6

Aewkó m¤úwË Avwg‡bi wcZv cv‡eb Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e| Avwg‡bi †ev‡biv †Kv‡bv m¤úwË cv‡e bv|

A_©vr 12 weNv cv‡eb wcZv| ¯¿x ¯¿x `yBfv‡e DËivwaKvwibx nqt K. g„Z ¯^vgxi †Kv‡bv mš—vb ev †Q‡ji mš—vb, hZ wb‡PiB †nvK, bv _vK‡j weaev 1 ¯¿x 4 Ask cvq|

L. hw` g„ Z e¨w³i mš—vbvw` ev cy‡Îi mš—vbMY, hZ wb‡Pi w`‡KB †nvK bv _v‡K Ges GKR‡bi †ewk †evb ev fvB bv _v‡K †m‡¶‡Î gv 13 Ask cv‡eb|

D`vniY: nv‡kg gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj wcZv I GK ¯¿x Ges 20 weNv Rwg| G‡¶‡Î g„Z nv‡k‡gi †Kv‡bv mš—vbvw` bv 1 _vKvq Zvi ¯¿x †gvU m¤úwËi 4 (Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM) cv‡e| GLv‡b †gvU m¤úwË 20 weNv| Gi Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM n‡”Q 5 weNv| myZivs g„Z nv‡k‡gi weaev ¯¿x cv‡e 5 weNv| evwK m¤úwË g„Z nv‡k‡gi wcZvB cv‡e|

D`vniY: Kv‡kg gviv hvIqvi mgq Iqvwik wn‡m‡e wcZv, gvZv I GK †evb †i‡L hvq| 1 G‡¶‡Î gv 3 Ask m¤úwË cv‡eb| GLv‡b †h‡nZz Kv‡k‡gi †Kv‡bv mš—vb †bB Ges GKgvÎ †evb i‡q‡Q ZvB gv cv‡e †gvU 1 m¤úwË †_‡K 3 Ask| M. gvZvi mv‡_ g„Z e¨w³i wcZv _vK‡j Ges ¯^vgx ev ¯¿x eZ©gvb _vK‡j ¯^vgx ev 1 ¯¿x‡K w`‡q hv Aewkó _v‡K Zvi 3 Ask gv cv‡eb|

L. hw` ¯^vgxi mš—vb ev †Q‡ji mš—vb, hZ 1 wb‡PiB †nvK, _v‡K Z‡e ¯¿x 8 Ask m¤úwË cvq|

D`vniY: Avwjg gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj 24 weNv Rwg Ges wcZv, gvZv I ¯¿x| G‡¶‡Î, †gvU m¤úwË †_‡K cÖ_‡g ¯¿x‡K w`‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b Avwjg †h‡nZz wbtmš—vb ZvB Zvi ¯¿x †gvU m¤úwËi 14 (Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM) cv‡e| A_©vr (24 weNvi Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM) 6 weNv| ¯¿x‡K †`qvi ci _vK‡Q 24-6 = 18 weNv| GLb GB 18 weNv m¤úwˇK †gvU wZb fvM Ki‡Z n‡e, hvi 1 fvM A_©vr 6 weNv cv‡eb gv Ges 2 fvM

D`vniY: Kv‡`i gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj 24 weNv Rwg Ges GK †Q‡j I GK ¯¿x| G‡¶‡Î g„Z Kv‡`‡ii ¯¿x Kv‡`‡ii †gvU m¤úwË †_‡K 1 8 Ask wn‡m‡e 3 weNv m¤úwË cv‡e| evwK m¤úwË g„Z Kv‡`‡ii †Q‡j cv‡e| GLv‡b Dáj≠L®, hw` g„‡Zi GKvwaK weaev ¯¿x _v‡K †m‡¶‡Î mKj weaevivB D³ 18 ev 14 †hiƒcB †nvK mgvb nv‡i Ask fvM K‡i cv‡e| D`vniY: dRj gviv hvIqvi mgq `yB ¯¿x,

7

†g‡q m¤úwË jv‡fi †¶‡Î †g‡qi wZb Ae¯’v n‡Z cv‡iÑ 1 K. GKRb Kb¨vi Ask 2 (cyÎ bv _vK‡j)

gv I GK †Q‡j †i‡L hvq| GB †¶‡Î `yB 1 ¯¿x GK‡Î 8 Ask m¤úwË cv‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡K 1 16 Ask wnmv‡e fv‡M cv‡e| ¯^vgx ¯^vgx `yBfv‡e m¤úwËi DËivwaKvix nq| K. g„Z ¯¿xi mš—vb ev mš—v‡bi mš—vb, hZ wb‡PiB †nvK bv †Kb, bv _vK‡j ¯^vgx IB ¯¿xi m¤úwËi 12 Ask cv‡eb|

D`vniY: Rwgi gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj GK †g‡q, wcZv I gvZv Ges 20 weNv Rwg| 1 G‡¶‡Î Rwg‡ii GKgvÎ †g‡q GKvB 2 fvM A_©vr 10 weNv cv‡e| evwK m¤úwË wZb fvM n‡e, hvi `yB fvM evev I GK fvM gv cv‡eb|

D`vniY: K`evby gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj Zvi ¯^vgx, gvZv I wcZv Ges 24 weNv Rwg| G‡¶‡Î g„Z K`evbyi †h‡nZz †Kv‡bv mš—vbvw` †bB ZvB Zvi ¯^vgx †gvU m¤úwËi 12 (A‡a©K) Ask cv‡e| A_©vr ¯^vgx cv‡e 12 weNv Ges evwK m¤úwË wZbfvM n‡e, hvi `yB fvM A_©vr 8 weNv cv‡e wcZv Ges GKfvM A_©vr 4 weNv cv‡e Zvi gvZv| L. g„Z ¯¿xi mš—vbvw` _vK‡j ¯^vgx cvq|

1 4

L . `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Kb¨vi Ask _vK‡j)

2 3

(cyÎ bv

D`vniY: dRjy gviv †Mj| †i‡L †Mj 4wU †g‡q I wcZv Ges 12 weNv Rwg| G‡¶‡Î dRjyi †g‡qiv GK‡Î †gvU m¤úwËi 23 (wZb fv‡Mi `yB fvM) A_©vr 8 weNv cv‡e| GB AvU weNv †evb‡`i g‡a¨ mgvb fv‡M fvM n‡e| evwK 4 weNv g„‡Zi wcZv cv‡eb|

Ask

M. cyÎ _vK‡j Kb¨v ev Kb¨vMY Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cvq| †KvivwbK Askx`vi wn‡m‡e Kb¨vi Ask hw`I wbw`©ó Av‡Q, wKš‘ hLbB cyÎ I Kb¨v GKmv‡_ _v‡K ZLbB Kb¨v, cy‡Îi mv‡_ Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e m¤úwË cvq|

D`vniY:iv‡njvgviv†Mj|†i‡L†Mj¯^vgx,GK†Q‡jI `yB†g‡qGes24weNvRwg| G‡¶‡Î, iv‡njvi ¯^vgx †gvU m¤úwËi 14 Ask (Pvi fv‡Mi GK fvM) cv‡e A_©vr 6 weNv| evwK m¤úwË †Q‡j I †g‡q‡`i g‡a¨ 2:1 Abycv‡Z fvM n‡e| GLv‡b evwK m¤úwË 4 fvM n‡e, hvi `yB fvM cv‡e †Q‡j A_©vr, †Q‡j GKvB 9 weNv Ges cÖ‡Z¨K †g‡q cv‡e GK fvM A_v©r 4 12 weNv K‡i|

D`vniY: dv‡Zgv gviv hvIqvi mgq ¯^vgx, GK †Q‡j I GK †g‡q †i‡L gviv hvq| GB 1 †¶‡Î dv‡Zgvi ¯^vgx 4 Ask cv‡e Ges evwK m¤úwË 2:1 Abycv‡Z †Q‡j I †g‡qi g‡a¨ fvM n‡e| A_©vr, GK †g‡q hv cv‡e 8

GK †Q‡j Zvi wظY cv‡e|

bv‡`iv (g„Z e¨w³)

†Q‡j †Q‡j me mgqB Aewkó‡fvMx wn‡m‡e m¤úwË jvf K‡i| g„Z e¨w³i GKvwaK †Q‡j _vK‡j wcZv gvZv Kb¨v cyÎ ¯^vgx me †Q‡jB mgvb Ask cvq| †h mg¯— e¨w³ DËivwaKvi †_‡K KLbB ev` GB‡¶‡Î wcZv 16 Ask, gvZv 16 Ask, ¯^vgx 1 c‡ob bv| 4 Ask Ges cyÎ I Kb¨v evwK m¤úwË 2:1 Abycv‡Z fvM K‡i †b‡e| 1. wcZv 2. gvZv 3. cyÎ

ARvZ mš—v‡bi AwaKvi †Kv‡bv e¨w³i g„Z¨y i mgq hw` Zvi ¯¿x Mf©eZx _v‡K Z‡e mš—vb f~wgô bv nIqv ch©š— g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwË fvM Kiv hv‡e bv| G‡KB m¤úwˇZ ARvZ mš—v‡bi AwaKvi e‡j|

4. Kb¨v 5. ¯¿x 5. ¯^vgx G‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB ev` †`qv nqwb|

gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi †¶‡Î gy m wjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k 1961 GKwU ¸i“Z¡cY~ © c`‡¶c| G AvB‡bi 4 avivq DËivwaKvi m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡QÑ ÒDËivwaKvi Avi¤¢ nIqvi Av‡M g„Z e¨w³i †Kv‡bv cyÎ ev Kb¨vi g„Zy¨ NU‡j †mB DËivwaKvi Avi¤f nIqvi d‡j D³ cyÎ ev Kb¨vi RxweZ mš—vbMY hw` †KD _v‡K †m‡¶‡Î, D³ g„Z cyÎ ev Kb¨v RxweZ _vK‡j hv †cZ Zvi mš—vbMYI ZZUzKzB cv‡e|Ó †h mš—v‡bi wcZv ev gvZv, wcZvgn wKsev gvZvg‡ni RxeÏkvq gviv †M‡Qb Zv‡`i `y‡f©vM Dckg Kivi j‡¶¨B 1961 mv‡ji

D`vniY: 1.Kv‡`i gviv hvIqvi mgq wbæewY© Z e¨w³‡`i Iqvwik wn‡m‡e †i‡L hvqÑ Kv‡`i (g„Z e¨w³)

wcZv

gvZv

†g‡q

†Q‡j

¯¿x

GB‡¶‡Î wcZv 16 Ask, gvZv 16 Ask, ¯¿x 1 8 Ask Ges evwK m¤úwË †Q‡j I †g‡qi g‡a¨ 2:1 Abycv‡Z fvM n‡q hv‡e| 2. bv‡`iv gviv hvIqvi mgq wbæewY©Z e¨w³‡`i Iqvwik wn‡m‡e †i‡L hvqÑ 9

GB avivi c~e©kZ© n‡jv g„Z e¨w³i †Q‡j ev †g‡q‡K D³ DËivwaKvi ïi“ nIqvi Av‡M g„Zy¨eiY Ki‡Z n‡e| GB avivi Av‡iKwU kZ© n‡jv GB Aa¨v‡`k Kvh©Ki nIqvi c~‡e© A_©vr 1961 mv‡ji 16 RyjvB‡qi Av‡M †h mKj NUbv N‡U‡Q †m ‡¶Î¸‡jv‡Z GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b cÖwZKvi cvIqv hv‡e bv|

gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`‡ki 4 avivwU G‡m‡Q| GB aviv gy m wjg DËivwaKvi bxwZi †¶‡Î GKwU bZzb c×wZi cªeZ©b K‡i‡Q| GB Aa¨v‡`k ejer nIqvi Av‡M hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³i RxweZKv‡j Zvi †Kv‡bv cyÎ ev Kb¨v gviv †hZ Zvn‡j †mB g„Z cyÎ ev Kb¨vi mš—vbMY Zv‡`i wcZvgn ev gvZvgn B”Qv Ki‡j bvwZ-bvZbx‡`i Zvi m¤úwË †_‡K wKQy Ask `vb ev DBj K‡i †h‡Z cvi‡Zb| Z‡e †h‡¶‡Î `vb ev DB‡ji †Kv‡bv we‡kl e¨e¯’v _vK‡Zv bv, †m‡¶‡Î GB mKj nZfvMv mš—vb‡`i `yt‡Li †Kv‡bv †kl _vK‡Zv bv| wKš‘ cweÎ †Kviv‡b I nvw`‡m GB mKj GwZg‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl e¨e¯’v K‡i †i‡L hvIqvi Rb¨ g„Z e¨w³‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avevi Avj-vn I ivm~jj y -vn Av‡jvPbvq em‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb Ges Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g AvB‡bi m~Î wba©viY KiviI wb‡`©k i‡q‡Q| myZivs, 1961 mv‡j gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`‡ki 4 avivwU ïay GwZg‡`i ¯^v_© i¶v‡_© cªYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB avivi ggv_© n‡jvÑ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i g„Z¨z i Av‡M Zvi †Kv‡bv †Q‡j ev †g‡q hw` mš—vb †i‡L gviv hvq Z‡e g„Z mš—v‡bi IB †Q‡j‡g‡q Zv‡`i wcZv-gvZv †eu‡P _vK‡j hv †cZ ZvivI ZvB cv‡e| Z‡e IB e¨w³i cyÎea~ †Kv‡bv m¤úwË cv‡e bv|

D`vniY: K. bKxe 1978 mv‡j gviv hvq| †i‡L hvq GK †Q‡j, GK †g‡q, g„Z †Q‡ji †Q‡j, Av‡iK g„Z †Q‡ji †g‡q|

†Zvgvi GB †g‡q Aek¨B m¤úwË cv‡e| †Zvgvi ¯^vgx †eu‡P _vK‡j †Zvgvi g„Z k¦ï‡ii KvQ †_‡K hZUzKz m¤úwË †cZ wVK ZZUzKz m¤úwËB GB †g‡q cv‡e| 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`‡k GB wenxZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

10

†g¤^i Avcv, Avgvi k¦ïi euvBPv _vK‡ZB Avgvi †mvqvgx GB gvBqvUv‡i ivBLv gBiv †M‡Q, Kqw`b nBj Avgvi k¦ï‡iI gBi‡Q| GLb Avgvi fvmyi †`eiiv KBZv‡Q Avgvi gvBqv bvwn †Kv‡bv m¤úwËB cvB‡e bv| Avcwb wK Kb Avdv?

Ave`yj (g„Z e¨w³)

bKxe (g„Z e¨w³)

1 Kb¨v †Q‡j

†g‡q

g„Z †Q‡j

1 Kb¨v

g„Z †Q‡j

g„Z †Q‡j g„Z †Q‡ji Kb¨v

g„Z †Q‡ji g„Z †Q‡ji †Q‡j †g‡q GB †¶‡Î m¤úwË †gvU 7 fv‡M fvM n‡e| †Q‡j cv‡e 27 fvM, g„Z †Q‡ji †Q‡j 27 fvM, g„Z †Q‡ji †g‡q 27 Ges †g‡q 17 fvM|

GB‡¶‡Î m¤úwË 4 fv‡M fvM n‡e, g„Z 1 †Q‡ji Kb¨v 2 fvM A_v©r 2 Ask cv‡e| 1 g„Z †Q‡ji Kb¨v cv‡e 2 fvM A_v©r 2 Ask, evwK 2 Kb¨v GK‡Î cv‡e 2 fvM A_v©r 1 cÖ‡Z¨‡K 4 Ask K‡i|

L. bvwmg 1980 mv‡j gviv hvq| †i‡L hvq, GK †Q‡j I GK g„Z †Q‡ji †g‡q|

N. Kv‡kg 1990 mv‡j gviv hvq| †i‡L hvq GK g„Z †Q‡ji †g‡q I GK Kb¨v|

bvwmg (g„Z e¨w³, g„Zz¨i ZvwiL 1980)

Kv‡kg (g„Z e¨w³, g„Zz¨i ZvwiL 1990)

†Q‡j

g„Z †Q‡j

g„Z †Q‡j (g„Zz¨ 1979)

Kb¨v

†g‡q g„Z †Q‡ji Kb¨v GB‡¶‡Î g„Z e¨w³i †Q‡j I g„Z e¨w³i g„Z †Q‡ji †g‡q mgvb nv‡i A_©vr A‡a©K m¤úwË cv‡e|

2

GB‡¶‡Î m¤úwË fvM n‡e 3 fv‡M| 3 cv‡e g„Z †Q‡ji Kb¨v Avi 13 cv‡e Kb¨v|

M. Ave`yj gviv hvq| †i‡L hvq 2 Kb¨v I GK g„Z †Q‡ji Kb¨v|

11

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