Muscle Tissue -nsu

Histology 6 Craig Clifford Northeastern State University Spring 2009

Muscle Tissue 

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Responsible for movement in organs and the body as a whole There are three types of muscle in the body (mesodermal origin)   

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Skeletal muscle 

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Very long cylindrical, multinucleated cells Quick, forceful, voluntary contractions Cross-striations

Cardiac muscle    

Elongated, branched uninucleate cells Cross-striations Cells joined at intercalated disks Involuntary, vigorous rhythmic contractions

Smooth muscle 

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Short, spindle shaped, uninucleate cells Slow involuntary contractions

Special terms 

In muscle cells, 

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The cytoplasm is referred to as the sarcoplasm The cell membrane is called the sarcolemma The smooth ER is know as the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Skeletal muscle 

Muscle fibers=muscle cells 

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Very long and may be as long as the muscle itself Multinucleated state results from the fusion of mononucleated cells embryonically Nuclei located peripherally, which differs from cardiac and smooth

Skeletal muscle  

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Muscle fibers contain myofibrils Each muscle cell is surrounded by an endomysium A bundle of muscle cells is called a fascicle and is surrounded by a perimysium A muscle is composed of multiple fascicles and is surrounded by the epimysium

Stained for laminin NERVE

Laminin is a protein component of the endomysium.

Tissue culture plasticware coated without Laminin 

NG-108 rat glioma/mouse neuroblastoma cells cultured on tissue-culture plastic are loosely adhered and remain rounded.

Tissue culture plasticware coated with Laminin 

NG-108 rat glioma/mouse neuroblastoma cells cultured on BD BioCoat Laminin Cellware exhibit a spindle-shaped morphology and dendritic processes.

“stimulate neurite outgrowth, promote cell attachment, chemotaxis, cell differentiation and neuronal survival.

Skeletal muscle 

Note the peripheral location of the nuclei

Skeletal muscle 

When viewed with light transmitted through the sections, a banding pattern appears.    

A bands I bands Z lines H zones

Rigor mortis 

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Stiffness of the body beginning 3-4 hours post-mortem, peaking at 12 hours and relenting at 36 hours. Contrast:  

Pallor mortis – no blood flow, immediate Algor mortis – decrease in temp. 

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1.5 F/hour

Livor mortis – blood pooling (lividity) 

Precedes Rigor mortis

Proprioception - Muscle spindles

Proprioception - Muscle spindles

Muscle spindles - xs

Artifact?

Proprioception – Golgi Tendon Organ

Proprioception – Golgi Tendon Organ

Camillo Golgi   

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Born 1843 Died 1926 Physician trained in Italy Initial studies focused on the nervous system

Camillo Golgi 

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Identified three stages of malarial parasites and the three types of fevers Most famous for his technique, “the black reaction”, which stained individual nerves and cell structures Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906

Myoglobin stain Immunohistologically stained for myoglobin

From what structure in the body is this section taken?

Cardiac muscle 

Remember, typically uninucleate (may be binucleate), branching, interconnecting cells.

Cardiac muscle 

The internal arrangement of subcellular components is not as orderly in cardiac as opposed to skeletal muscle.

Cardiac muscle 

Intercalated disks are areas of connection between cells, containing   

Fasciae adherentes (hemi-Z bands) Maculae adherentes (desmosomes) Gap junctions

Smooth muscle 

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Smooth muscle cells are elongated, non-striated cells Fusiform in shape - larger in middle and narrow at each end. No t-tubules