Module 2 Computer System
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KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
Self Access Learning Module
ICT Literacy for Secondary School Programm e
Computer Hardware Computer System
PUSAT PERKEMBANGAN KURIKULUM KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
MODULE 2 Overview of the Computer System
Curriculum Development Centre Ministry of Education Malaysia
1
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
1.
Name of Module :
2.
Learning Outcomes:The students should be able to:
3.
Computer Parts and Components – Overview of the Computer System
1.
Identify main components in the computer system
2.
State the functions of the main components in the computer system
3.
Explain briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system
Knowledge and Skills: 1. What a computer is 2. The different types of computer
4.
Module Summary:
At the end of the module, student should be able to identify and
state the functions of the main components in the computer system as well as explain briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system.
This module contains 3 activities: Activity 1:
Identify the main components in the computer system and their functions
Activity 2:
Brief explanation on data processing cycle of the computer System
Activity 3:
Worksheets 2
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 1 MAIN COMPUTER SYSTEM
monitor system Unit speaker
keyboard
mouse
Monitor A monitor (also called display, CRT - Cathode Ray Tube or screen) is a computer display that is separate from other parts of the computer. Like a TV monitor, a computer monitor image is made up of pixels (dots). In general, the higher the resolution, the better the image. The smaller the dots pitch (typically from 0.25 mm to 0.31 mm), the crisper the image. Faster refresh rates are easier on the eyes and allow the user to sit in front of the computer for longer periods of time. The different types of display screens are: •
Standard television set An ordinary home television can be used for computer output.
•
Standard computer monitors These monitors have better resolution than TV monitors. Some are flat screens.
3
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
•
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) These are screens made up of two glass plates with liquid in between
Keyboard
Multimedia keyboard
Wireless keyboard
A keyboard is the main input device for text and commands. The computer keyboard uses the same key arrangement as typewriters but also contains standard function keys, such as the escape, cursor movement, and control keys. Keyboards come with three (3) different types of port such as Serial port, PS/2 port
and USB port.
4
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Speakers
Speakers give out information in the form of sound. Computer speakers range widely in quality and in price. The computer speakers typically packaged with computer systems are small plastic boxes with mediocre sound quality. Some of the slightly better computer speakers have equalization features such as bass and treble controls, improving their sound quality somewhat. The internal amplifiers require an external power source, known as a 'wall-wart'. More sophisticated computer speakers may have a 'subwoofer' unit, to enhance bass output, and these units usually include the power amplifiers both for the bass speaker, and the small 'satellite' speakers. Mouse
mouse A mouse is an input device that sits on thePS/2 workport surface beside the computer. It is a small object that the user can roll along a hard or flat surface that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen. The user can right click, left click and double click using a mouse.
5
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Cordless optical mouse and track the USBuses port optical An optical mouse cameramouse technology and digital processing to compare position of the mouse, rather than a ball and rollers used on older mice. A small LED (lightemitting diode) provides light underneath the mouse, helping to highlight slight differences in the surface underneath the mouse. It does not require maintenance or regular cleaning. Another benefit is that digital processing often results in smoother, more accurate performance than prior technologies. In addition, it does not require a mouse pad and can be used on many surfaces, including those that are not entirely flat. (source : http://images.search.yahoo.com)
System Unit
A system unit, also known as a base unit, is the main body of a desktop computer typically consisting of a metal or (rarely) plastic enclosure containing the motherboard, power supply, cooling fans, internal disk drives, and the memory modules and expansion cards that are plugged into the motherboard, such as video and network cards. (source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_unit)
6
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Printer A computer printer or commonly known as printer is a device that produces a hard copy (permanent human readable text and/ or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form that prints texts or illustrations on paper. Many printers are primarily used as computer peripherals and are attached by a printer cable to a computer which serves as a document source. There are many types of computer printers.
Dot-Matrix printer
The dot matrix printer is an impact printer. It works like an automatic typewriter. It is a low-cost printer with low quality output. Because it is an impact printer, it may be used when carbon copies of a document are required. Ink-Jet printer
The ink jet printer is a non-impact printer. The ink jet sprays ink from an ink cartridge at very close range to the paper as it rolls by. This is a low-cost printer with a mid-quality output. This type of printer is the most economical for color output.
7
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Laser printer
The laser printer uses a laser beam reflected from a mirror to attract ink (called toner) to selected paper areas as a sheet rolls over a drum. A laser printer is the most expensive type of printer with the best output. The speed of a laser printer is typically about 8 ppm (page per minute).
8
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 2 Data Processing Cycle The computer system process data into information goes through four operations; input, process, storage and output.
Input
Process
Output
Storage
User will enter the data by input device (such as keyboard, mouse) electronically and is processed by the processor. In the processing operation, the data is manipulated to process or transform it into information The storage (such as Hard disk, compact disc (CD), diskettes) holds data, information and programs. The output devices (such as monitor, printer) present the processed data as useful information products for the user
9
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 3 Task A Label the pictures below . Write your answers in the boxes given.
1.
2. 5.
3. 4.
10
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Task B Look at the pictures given in Column A. Then, name the components of the computer and state their functions.
COLUMN A
COLUMN B (Component name and function)
11
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Task C Complete the data processing cycle of a computer system below.
Input
12
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Reference Cashman, S. (2006) Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Thomson Course Technology. Ibrahim Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz et al (2007) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Based on SPM Syllabus. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn Bhd. NCC Education (2002) Computer Studies, Computer Ace. Sri Lanka : Computer Pioneers. Basic Computing (2003) by TMEdu Tech (M) Sdn Bhd http://www.wikipedia.org http://images.search.yahoo.com http://www.google.com.my
13
Self Access Learning Module
ICT Literacy for Secondary School Programm e
Computer Hardware Computer System
PUSAT PERKEMBANGAN KURIKULUM KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
MODULE 2 Overview of the Computer System
Curriculum Development Centre Ministry of Education Malaysia
1
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
1.
Name of Module :
2.
Learning Outcomes:The students should be able to:
3.
Computer Parts and Components – Overview of the Computer System
1.
Identify main components in the computer system
2.
State the functions of the main components in the computer system
3.
Explain briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system
Knowledge and Skills: 1. What a computer is 2. The different types of computer
4.
Module Summary:
At the end of the module, student should be able to identify and
state the functions of the main components in the computer system as well as explain briefly the data processing cycle of a computer system.
This module contains 3 activities: Activity 1:
Identify the main components in the computer system and their functions
Activity 2:
Brief explanation on data processing cycle of the computer System
Activity 3:
Worksheets 2
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 1 MAIN COMPUTER SYSTEM
monitor system Unit speaker
keyboard
mouse
Monitor A monitor (also called display, CRT - Cathode Ray Tube or screen) is a computer display that is separate from other parts of the computer. Like a TV monitor, a computer monitor image is made up of pixels (dots). In general, the higher the resolution, the better the image. The smaller the dots pitch (typically from 0.25 mm to 0.31 mm), the crisper the image. Faster refresh rates are easier on the eyes and allow the user to sit in front of the computer for longer periods of time. The different types of display screens are: •
Standard television set An ordinary home television can be used for computer output.
•
Standard computer monitors These monitors have better resolution than TV monitors. Some are flat screens.
3
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
•
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) These are screens made up of two glass plates with liquid in between
Keyboard
Multimedia keyboard
Wireless keyboard
A keyboard is the main input device for text and commands. The computer keyboard uses the same key arrangement as typewriters but also contains standard function keys, such as the escape, cursor movement, and control keys. Keyboards come with three (3) different types of port such as Serial port, PS/2 port
and USB port.
4
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Speakers
Speakers give out information in the form of sound. Computer speakers range widely in quality and in price. The computer speakers typically packaged with computer systems are small plastic boxes with mediocre sound quality. Some of the slightly better computer speakers have equalization features such as bass and treble controls, improving their sound quality somewhat. The internal amplifiers require an external power source, known as a 'wall-wart'. More sophisticated computer speakers may have a 'subwoofer' unit, to enhance bass output, and these units usually include the power amplifiers both for the bass speaker, and the small 'satellite' speakers. Mouse
mouse A mouse is an input device that sits on thePS/2 workport surface beside the computer. It is a small object that the user can roll along a hard or flat surface that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen. The user can right click, left click and double click using a mouse.
5
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Cordless optical mouse and track the USBuses port optical An optical mouse cameramouse technology and digital processing to compare position of the mouse, rather than a ball and rollers used on older mice. A small LED (lightemitting diode) provides light underneath the mouse, helping to highlight slight differences in the surface underneath the mouse. It does not require maintenance or regular cleaning. Another benefit is that digital processing often results in smoother, more accurate performance than prior technologies. In addition, it does not require a mouse pad and can be used on many surfaces, including those that are not entirely flat. (source : http://images.search.yahoo.com)
System Unit
A system unit, also known as a base unit, is the main body of a desktop computer typically consisting of a metal or (rarely) plastic enclosure containing the motherboard, power supply, cooling fans, internal disk drives, and the memory modules and expansion cards that are plugged into the motherboard, such as video and network cards. (source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_unit)
6
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Printer A computer printer or commonly known as printer is a device that produces a hard copy (permanent human readable text and/ or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form that prints texts or illustrations on paper. Many printers are primarily used as computer peripherals and are attached by a printer cable to a computer which serves as a document source. There are many types of computer printers.
Dot-Matrix printer
The dot matrix printer is an impact printer. It works like an automatic typewriter. It is a low-cost printer with low quality output. Because it is an impact printer, it may be used when carbon copies of a document are required. Ink-Jet printer
The ink jet printer is a non-impact printer. The ink jet sprays ink from an ink cartridge at very close range to the paper as it rolls by. This is a low-cost printer with a mid-quality output. This type of printer is the most economical for color output.
7
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Laser printer
The laser printer uses a laser beam reflected from a mirror to attract ink (called toner) to selected paper areas as a sheet rolls over a drum. A laser printer is the most expensive type of printer with the best output. The speed of a laser printer is typically about 8 ppm (page per minute).
8
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 2 Data Processing Cycle The computer system process data into information goes through four operations; input, process, storage and output.
Input
Process
Output
Storage
User will enter the data by input device (such as keyboard, mouse) electronically and is processed by the processor. In the processing operation, the data is manipulated to process or transform it into information The storage (such as Hard disk, compact disc (CD), diskettes) holds data, information and programs. The output devices (such as monitor, printer) present the processed data as useful information products for the user
9
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Activity 3 Task A Label the pictures below . Write your answers in the boxes given.
1.
2. 5.
3. 4.
10
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Task B Look at the pictures given in Column A. Then, name the components of the computer and state their functions.
COLUMN A
COLUMN B (Component name and function)
11
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Task C Complete the data processing cycle of a computer system below.
Input
12
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Reference Cashman, S. (2006) Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Thomson Course Technology. Ibrahim Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz et al (2007) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Based on SPM Syllabus. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn Bhd. NCC Education (2002) Computer Studies, Computer Ace. Sri Lanka : Computer Pioneers. Basic Computing (2003) by TMEdu Tech (M) Sdn Bhd http://www.wikipedia.org http://images.search.yahoo.com http://www.google.com.my
13
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