Minorcellulosic Fibres By Priyanka, Anupreksha And Rajanikant

Basics of Textile Manufacturing MINOR CELLULOSIC FIBRES

Minor Cellulosic Fibres • • • 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

These fibres are those which are rarely used in Apparel use. They are produced in less quantity. The Minor Cellulosic Fibres are: Hemp 6) Coir Manila Hemp Ramie Sisal Kapok

HEMP FIBRE • Hemp is a vegetable fibre. • It is obtained from the Hemp plant. • It is cultivated almost all over the world, except for the United States.

Properties of Hemp Fibre • It is a yellowish brown fibre • Hemp fibers can be 3 to 15 feet long, running the length of the plant. • Depending on the processing used to remove the fiber from the stem, the hemp naturally may be creamy white, brown, gray, black or green

Harvesting of Hemp

Appearance -Hemp

Uses of Hemp Fibre

Hemp fabric Hemp Necklace

Hemp toe sandal

MANILLA • Manilla, also known as Manila Hemp, is a fibre obtained from the leaves of the abaca plant. • Mainly cultivated in Manila, the capital of Philippines.

The abaca plant

Properties of Manilla Fibre • The abaca plant grows up to 20 feet when mature. • The stem consists of tightly packed, long, crescent-shaped sheaths, that grow from a central core.

Mature abaca plant

Manilla Hemp Yarn

Characteristics of Manilla fibre  Extremely strong.  Resistant to salt water.  Bio-degradable.  Eco-friendly.  Has a beautiful texture.  Relatively cheap to produce. Manilla Rope

Uses of Manilla Fibre • Manilla fibre is used to make  Ropes  Paper  Rug  Furniture  Carpet and countless other products.

Manilla Rope

Manilla Bag

RAMIE • Ramie is one of the oldest fibre crops, having been used for at least six thousand years. • It is also known as china grass. • Ramie is normally harvested two to three times a year but under good growing conditions, can be harvested up to six times per year. • The ramie plant is 2.5m tall.

Ramie Plant

Properties of Ramie • Ramie fibre is one of the strongest natural fibres. • The fibre is similar to flax in absorbency, density and microscopic appearance. • Silky lustre to the fabric appearance. • Usually blended with other fibres, as it is not that durable.

Ramie Yarn

Characteristics of Ramie • Ramie fibre has the ability to hold shape. • Resistance to wrinkling. • It is stiff and brittle. • Lacks resiliency. • Low elasticity Ramie Fabric

Uses of Ramie • Ramie is used to make  Industrial sewing thread  Packing materials  Fishing nets  Filter cloths

Ramie Packing

Ramie Hat

SISAL • Sisal is obtained from the leaves of the Sisal Plant. • Annually, thousands of tonnes of Sisal fibres are produced in most parts of Africa and Asia. Sisal Plant

Properties of Sisal Fibre • Sisal fibres are smooth, straight and yellow and can be long or short. • Since it is coarse and inflexible, it is mainly blended with wool or acrylic to give a softer hand.

Harvested Sisal

Characteristics of Sisal Fibre • Sisal fibre is  Strong  Durable  Ability to stretch  Affinity towards certain dyestuff  Resistance to deterioration in salt water

Sisal Fibre

Uses of Sisal Fibre • Sisal fibres are used to make  Rugs  Slippers  Ropes  Carpets  Specialty papers

Sisal Bag

Sisal Scrub

Sisal Rug

KAPOK • Kapok fiber is a silky cotton-like substance that surrounds the seeds in the pods of the ceiba tree. • The pods contain seeds surrounded by a fluffy, yellowish fiber that is a mix of lignin and cellulose. Kapok pod

Properties of Kapok Fibre • It can support as much as 30 times its own weight in water and loses only 10 percent of buoyancy over a 30day period. • It is eight times lighter than cotton. • The fibre is yellowish. Kapok Pod (open)

Characteristics of Kapok Fibre • The Kapok fibre is  Light  Very buoyant  Highly flammable  Resistant to water

Kapok Seed

Appearance-kapok

Kapok yarn spool

Uses of Kapok Fibre • Kapok is mainly used in stuffing of  Pillows  Blankets  Soft toys  Upholstery  and for Insulation Kapok used for Filling

Uses of Kapok Fibre

Pillow

Upholstery

Blanket

Soft Toy

COIR • Fibre mechanically extracted from dry mature coconut husk after soaking. • It is long, hard and strong fibre but with lower softness, lower water absorption capacity, and shorter life than long retted fibre. • There are two types of Coirs 4) Brown Coir 5) White Coir Coconut tree, Coconut and Husk

Properties of Coir Fibre • The individual fiber cells are narrow and hollow, with thick walls made of cellulose. • They are pale when immature but later become hardened and yellowed as a layer of lignin is deposited on their walls. Coir

Characteristics of Coir Fibre • Coir Fibre is  Relatively water proof  Resistant to damage by salt water  Brown Coir is thick and strong  White Coir is smoother and fine.

Segregation of Coir Fibre

Appearance –coir

Uses of Coir Fibre • Coir Fibre is used for  Padding in furniture • Production of  Brushes  Carpets  Ropes  Rags

Coir Carpet

Coir Rope

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