Mcq Anato 1.pdf

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TABLE OF CONTENTS GROSSANATOMY GENERAL

1-80

HEAD & NECK

81-459

THORAX

460-643

ABDOMEN

644-852

PELVIS & PERINEUM

853-988

BACK

989-1047

UPPEREXTREMITY

1048-1237

La WER EXTREMITY

1238-1457 EMBRYOLOGY

,t

EARL Y DEVELOPMENT

1458-1563

PLACENTA

1564-1591

HEAD & NECK

1592-1693

THORAX & V ASCULA TORE

1694-1790

DIGESTIVE & UROGENITAL

1791-1918

MUSCULOSKELETAL

1919-1960

NEUROLOGY

1961-2000

.-

..

.

. . . . .

Indicatethe ~

I: .

'.

Anatomicaltermsarederivedbasicallyfrom the: A. B. C. D. E.

3

4.

5

6

7.

statement:

c

the skeletalsystemis studiedin splanchnologyand arthrology myology is the studyof the myocardium,pericardiumandvisceralmiddle layers the locomotorsystemis constitutedby the skeletalandmuscularorgans angiology meansthe studyof the spleen,vessels,lymph nodes,and endocrines the circulatorysystemincludesarteries,veins,capillaries,pulmonaryalveoli, and cerebral sinuses

A synonymfor the inferior planeof the trunk would be: A. B. C. D. E.

c

divides superiorandinferior sectionsof the body extendsin the laterolateraldirection is the anteroposteriorextensionof the vertical axis of the body relatesthe volar anddorsalaspectsof the hand providestheplaneof referencefor the designations"cranial"and"caudal"

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

B

medium medial median middle midline

The mediansagittalplane: A. B. C. D. E.

A

skeleton musclesystem abdominalplane anteriorbisection inferior axis

When describingdirection andposition, a synonymfor "ulnar" is: A. B. C. D. E.

I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D

A. the integumentarysystemis comprisedonly of lungsandbronchialtubes B. the differencebetweena rarity anda monstrosityis that a personborn with a rarity cannotlive, while personsborn with a monstrositycan survive for a long time C . thereareonly threerecognizedfactorsof variation:age,biotype,andrace D. longitype is a classificationof biotype characterizedby long memberand shorttrunk E. in an anatomicalsense,normal is consideredto be in conformity with 40% of the population 2

. . . . . .

statement:

D

proximal sagittal frontal caudal tibial

Indicatethe ~

statement:

A. an abnonIlalityor anomalyinvolvesa severedeviationwith an alteredfunction of the affected part B. an ileal diverticulumappearsin 10%of humansand is a monstrosity C. thymus is not a variationwhen found in a child D. a longitype, shouldhe becomementally ill, will usuallybe aggressive,hard to manage,and will perishof coronarydiseasefar moreoften thana brachytype

A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;. . . . . . . . . . ~ .

16.

Which of the following areusually consideredto participatedirectly in the fomlation of plexuses relatedto the limbs: A. B. C. D. E.

17

c

ventralroots of spinalnerves dorsalroots of spinalnerves ventralprimary rami of spinalnerves dorsalprimary rami of spinalnerves all of the above(A-D)

Indicatethe ~

statement:

D

A. when studyinganatomyin the orderof circulatorysystem,endocrine,etc.,we areusing a regionalor topographicapproach B. whenreferringto a structureasintermediate,we aresayingthat the structurelies betweentwo structures,one of which is anteriorandthe otherposterior C . inferior is to caudalas anterioris to posterior D. anteroposteriorplanesand sagittalplanesarethe same E. plantarandinferior areantonyms 18.

Metamerismis a principle of constructionthat shows: A. B. C. D. E.

19.

20.

22.

statement:

E

in synovialjoints in tendonsheaths in bursae both A and B all of the above(A-C)

Anatomicalnormality is: A. B. C. D. E.

E

"oral" and "aboral" aresynonymsandoppositein meaningto "exoral" "medial" and "median" areusuallysynonymousterms "median"and "paramedian"haveidenticalmeaningsin the upright posture "intermediate"appliesto an organon the midline betweenanteriorandposteriorplanes distal is the oppositeof proximal and cannotbe usedfor the digestivesystem

Synovial fluid (synovia) is found: A. B. C. D. E.

D

a dermatomemay be includedin morethanonecutaneousnervearea a cutaneousnerveareamay includeportionsof morethanone dermatome a dorsalroot ganglionsuppliesmore thanonedermatome both A and B all of the above(A-C)

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

21

bilateral symmetryof eachorgan zygomorphismof the trunk andmember stackingfrom anteriorto posterior stackingfrom inferior to superiorin the body concentriclayersin tubularorgans

Which of the following statementsis/are~: A. B. C. D. E.

D

a definite structureand function for eachorganwhich is the samefrom personto persofi nonexistent the statisticallymost commonstructureand function of an organ slight deviationof morphology the absenceof pain and diseasein individuals,family and community

c

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30.

The elbow and wrist joints areconsideredhingejoints:

B

A. true B. false 31

Synovial joints: A. sometimeshavea doublecavity B . containcartilage C. includethe anteriorjoints of the vertebralcolumn D. both A and B E. all of the above(A-C)

32

Maturearticularcartilageis: A. B. C. D. E.

33

34.

35

36.

37

c

superior inferior anterior posterior lateral

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

D

frontal, cranial,distal dorsal,inferior, sagittal intermediate,cephalic,ventral superior,plantar,lateral caudal,nuchal,radial

A patient lying on a table with a scarnearthe umbilicus. This scaris considered: A. B. C. D. E.

c

epidural subdural subarachnoid subpial

What arethe threelimiting planes: A. B. C. D. E.

E

avascular usually calcified adjacentto the boneit covers nourishedby synovial fluid both A and C all of the above(A-C)

Cerebrospinalfluid is found in which of the following spaces: A. B. C. D.

D

statement:

c

rudimentaryorgansarefully developedin the adult osteologyis the study of bones,cartilage,andmuscle pneumaticbonesand sesamoidboneshavecavitiescalledsinusesfilled with blood and lymph bonesaremore numerousin the old individual than in the newborn anatomyis to physiologywhat geographyis to history

Symphysialjoints: A. containcartilage B. pennit somemovement C. may havea nucleuspulposis D. both A and C E. all of the above(A-C)

E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

Preganglionicneuronslocatedin spinalnerve: A. B. C. D.

46

c

sympatheticportion of autonomicnervoussystem parasympathetic portion of the nervoussystem both A andB arecorrect neitherA nor B arecorrect

Indicatethe~

statement:

c

A. thejugular artery in the neckcarriesblood from the head B. the first drawing of anatomywas found in England C. the word cadaverwasderivedfrom the phrase"carodatavermibus"andusedasa codeword to deceivethe police D. anatomywas originally the dissectionof rich peoplewho donatedtheir bodies E. the remainsof a cadaverthat hasbeencrematedarecalled"cartos." 47

Fibrousjoints are found in the: A. B. C. D. E.

48

49.

51

52.

B

true false

A primary controller of vascularsmoothmuscle: A. B. C. D.

E

nipiological anatomy geriatrogenicanatomy matureanatomy adult anatomy gerontological

In a radiograph, fat appearsmore radiolucent (darker) than air: A. B.

c

cytology topographic fetology systemic histology

The morphophysiologyof the nonnal agedindividual is studiesin: A. B. C. D. E.

c

frontal, sagittal,posterior,inferior cranial,medial,posterior,longitudinal,dorsal posterior,lateral (right andleft), anterior,plantar,cephalic sagittal,plantar,frontal, transversal,ventral plantar,posterior,horizontal,transversal,right, and left

Which is a division of anatomyaccordingto age: A. B. C. D. E.

50.

skull theforeann the leg both A and C all of the above(A-C)

The planesof limitation of the body are: A. B. C. D. E.

E

sympatheticportion of autonomicnervoussystem parasympathetic portion of the nervoussystem both A and B neitherA nor B

A

60.

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

61

63.

64.

65,

E

necrologyis the methodto study cytology autopsyis the methodusedto study histology thanatoscopyis the studyof radiology necroscopyis the studyof anatomyand embryology dissectionis one of the methodsto study grossanatomy

E

is classifiedas both a ginglymusjoint and a diarthrodialjoint is classifiedasa condylarjoint doesnot includethe fibula both Band C all of the above(A-C)

Which of the following is/arenQ1(a) synovialjoint(s): A. B. C. D. E.

66.

statement:

The knee "joint": A. B. C. D. E.

D

sternoclavicular acromioclavicular distal radioulnar all of the above (A-C) none of the above (A-D)

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

D

right and left halves superiorand inferior portions caudalandcephalicportions anteriorandposteriorportions anteriorandventralportions

The following joints all contain articular discs: A. B. C. D. E.

D

the ankle is proximal to the knee the ring finger is radial to the index finger a sagittalplaneseparates the body into anteriorandposteriorparts the headis superiorto the neck the little toe is medial to the big toe

The coronalplanedividesthe body into: A. B. C. D. E.

62

statement:

B

the sternoclavicularjoint the anteriorintervertebraljoints the posteriorintervertebraljoints the talocruraljoint both A and C

Indicatethe ~

statement:

A. the direction of the heartin the diastolicposition is inferior-superior,medial-lateral,anteriorposterior B. in the anatomicalposition,the transverseplaneof the foot is parallel to the caudalplane C. if the superoinferioraxis wasmadeto cut the body in the laterolateraldirection, a coronalsection would result D. if the laterolateralaxis wasmadeto cut the body in the superioinferior direction, what would result would be a caudalsection E. if the palmarplanewererotated900aboutthe medial-medialaxis, it would be perpendicularto the plantarplane

c

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

74.

The tenDteratologyrefersto: A. B. C. D. E.

75.

76.

the studyof cardiovasculardiseases the study of anatomicalterritoriesof the body the studyof anatomyusing the aid of a transmissionelectronmicroscope the studyof embryologicalbirth defects the study of the relation and integrationof tendons

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

D

statementpertainingto the caudalplaneof the body:

c

it is synonymouswith the sagittalplane andpasseslongitudinally throughthe body it is a vertical planethat lies parallel to the coronalplane it is a horizontalplanethat lies tangentiallyto the tip of the coccyx it is synonymouswith the superiorlimiting plane it is a planethat passeshorizontally throughthe neckregion

The distaljoint betweenthe tibia and fibula is an exampleof a syndesmoticand synarthroticjoint:

A

A. true B . false 77,

The studyof typesof construction(physique)of the humanis: A. B. C. D. E.

78.

79.

E

cephalic/plantar, superior/inferior,ventraVdorsal anterior/posterior, superior/inferior,lateraVmedial superior/inferior,lateraVmedian, lateraVlateral ventraVdorsal,anterior/posterior,lateral!medial superior/inferior,ventraVdorsal, lateraVlateral

Relativeto dermatomes: A. B. C. D.

E

sutures syndesmoses gomphoses both A and C all of the above(A-C)

Therearethreeaxis of the body. They are: A. B. C. D. E.

80

systemicanatomy physio-anatomy regionalanatomy topographicanatomy constitutionalanatomy

The fibrous categoryof joints (synarthroses) includes: A. B. C. D. E.

E

areaof skin suppliedby one spinalnerveand its spinalganglionis a dermatome an areaof skin suppliedby a peripheralnerveis a dermatome both A and B neitherA nor B

A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . ;8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

81

A. B. C. D. E. 82

accessory transversecervical greaterauricular lesseroccipital phrenic

sympatheticchain ganglia parasympathetic tenuinalganglia trigeminal ganglia both A and B all of the above(A-C)

E

nodoseganglion geniculateganglion inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion trigeminal (semilunar)ganglion A

lateralthoracic subscapular both A and B neither A nor B

E

Which of the following musclesopensthe rima glottidis: A. B. C. D. E.

88

scalenusposteriorandmedius scalenusposteriorandanterior scalenusmediusandanterior levator scapulaeandscalenusmedius

Branchesof the secondpart of the axillary arteryincludethe: A. B. C. D.

87.

c

Which of the following gangliais nQ!associatedwith sensorycell bodies: A. B. C. D.

86.

separates the subclavianvein from the subclavianartery lies posteriorto the roots of the brachialplexus both A and B neitherA nor B

The roots of the brachialplexusemergebetween: A. B. C. D.

85.

A

The scalenusanteriormuscle: A. B. C. D.

84.

D

Synapsesnonuall~ occurin the: A. B. C. D. E.

83

A

Branchesof the cervicalplexusincludeall except:

oblique arytenoidmuscle thyroarytenoidmuscle cricothyroidmuscle lateralcricoarytenoidmuscle posteriorcricoarytenoidmuscle

All of the following statementsaboutthe scalenusanteriormusclesaretrue ~ A. B. C. D. E.

it:

is anteriorto roots of the brachialplexus divides the subclavianarteryinto threeparts is innervatedby muscularbranchesof the cervicalplexus insertson the secondrib originatesfrom anteriortuberclesof the transverseprocesses of the cervicalvertebrae

D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

97

If both the left andright recurrentlaryngealnervesaresevered,which of the following laryngeal muscleswill still be innervatedandcontractile: A. B. c. D. E.

98.

posteriorcricoarytenoidmuscle lateralcricoarytenoidmuscle thyroarytenoidmuscle cricothyroidmuscle transversearytenoidmuscle

Which one of the following statementsis~: A. B. C. D. E.

99.

Selectthe ~ statement: A. the submandibularduct lies within the fimbriatedfold on the inferior surfaceof the tongue B . the deeplingual vein primarily drainsthe dorsumandpharyngealpartsof the tongue C . the lingual tonsil is locatedin the pharynx D. the sublingualpapilla lies superiorto the frenulumof the tongue E. all of the above(A-D)

101

All of the following are found in the pharynx~:

103

E

E

pterygopalatineganglion brainstem superiorcervicalganglion otic ganglion spinalcord

Selectthe ~ statement: A. the laryngopharynxextendsfrom the tip of the soft palateto the level of the cricoid cartilage(CB. C. D. E.

c

pirifonn recess palatinetonsil glossopharyngeal nerve(IX) lateral glossoepiglotticfold all of the above(A-D) arefound in thepharynx

The cell bodiesfor the preganglionicsympatheticnervefibers to the hardpalatearelocatedin the: A. B. C. D. E.

D

accessory nerve transverse cervicalartery subclavianvein internaljugular vein occipitalartery

100.

A. B. C. D. E.

B

thyrocervicaltrunk comesoff the secondpart of the subclavianartery costocervicaltrunk comesoff the secondpart of the subclavianartery superiorthyroid arteryis a branchof the thyrocervical suprascapular arteryis often a branchof the costocervicaltrunk internalthoracicartery is a branchof the third part of the subclavianartery

Eachof the following structuresis found (in part) within the posteriortriangle of the neck~: A. B. C. D. E.

102,

D

6) the salpingopharyngeus muscleis innervatedby the glossopharyngeal (IX) the pharyngealconstrictormuscleshavea commonorigin from the medianraphe the pharyngealtonsils lie in the nasopharynx the levatorpalati muscleinsertsinto the palateafter passingbetweenthe superiorandmiddle pharyngealconstrictormuscles

D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112.

The palatineaponeurosisis the expandedtendonof the levatorvelum palatini muscle:

B

A. true B. false 113

The submandibularganglioncontainscell bodiesof postganglionicparasympathetic neurons:

A

A. true B. false 114.

The specialsenseof tasteis conveyedfrom the anteriortwo-thirdsof the tongueby the chorda tympani, a branchof cranialnerveV:

B

A. true B. false 15

All musclesof the palate(levatorvelum palatini, tensorvelum palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, andmusculusuvulae)areinnervatedby the pharyngealplexus:

B

A. true B. false 116.

Middle ethmoidair cells emptiesinto the: A. B. C. D.

117.

c

laryngopharynx nasopharynx middle meatus superiormeatus

Regionalgroupsof lymphaticsthat nonnallx drain the tongueincludethe:

E

A. submentalandretropharyngeal nodes B . submandibular and parotid nodes

C . parotidandretropharyngeal nodes D. submentalandretroauricularnodes E. submandibularand submentalnodes 118.

Torus tubariusis locatedin the: A. B. C. D. E.

119.

120.

laryngopharynx oropharynx nasopharynx middle meatus superiormeatus

Rotation of the head: A. B. C. D.

A

is limited by the alar ligament occurswhenthe odontoidprocesspivots on the anteriormarginof the foramenmagnum both A and B neither A nor B

Salpingopharyngeal fold is locatedin the: A. B. C. D. E.

c

laryngopharynx oropharynx nasopharynx middle meatus superiormeatus

c

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

Selectthe ~ pairing: A. pharyngealtonsil - oropharynx B. maxillary sinus- superiormeatus C. posteriorethmoidair cells - middle meatus D. middle ear- nasopharynx E. sphenoidsinus- hiatussemilunaris

D

129.

The foramenrotundumtransmitsthe maxillary division of the fifth cranialnerveto the:

A

A. B. C. D. E. 130.

The following structurescanbe found in the pterygoidcanal: A. B. C. D.

131

pterygopalatinefossa infratemporalfossa orbit foramenlacerum temporalfossa

preganglionicparasympathetic fibers postganglionicparasympathetic fibers both A and B neitherA nor B

The muscles that are innervated by the external laryngeal and the recurrent laryngeal nerves receive their blood supply from arteries arising from: A. B. C. D.

132.

134,

135

A

lateraldisplacementof the mandible elevationof the mandible both A and B neitherA nor B

The scaphoidfossa: A. B. C. D.

B

lacrimalbone lateralpterygoidplate palatinebone ethmoidbone medial pterygoidplate

The action(s)of the lateralpterygoidmuscleinclude: A. B. C. D.

c

the superior thyroid artery the thyrocervical trunk both A and B neither A nor B

Eachof the following contributeto the lateralwall of the nasalcavity~: A. B. C. D. E.

133

A

A

is part of the sphenoidbone is a groovein the petrousportion of the temporalbone both A and B neitherA nor B

Concerningthepalate: A. the tensorpalati muscleis innervatedby the trigeminalnerve B. the bony palateis formedpartially by the perpendicularplate of the palatinebone C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

A

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

143

Regardingthe eyelids: A. B. C. D.

144.

145.

147.

148.

149.

150.

c

is superficialto the mylohyoid muscle is actually a part of the cervicalplexus both A and B neither A nor B

The vagusnerve(cranialnerveX): A. B. C. D.

B

nucleusambiguus dorsalmotor nucleus salivatorynucleus jugular ganglion nodoseganglion

The hypoglossalnerve(cranialnerveXII): A. B. C. D.

E

ophthalmicdivision of V maxillary division of V branchesof the pterygopalatineganglion anteriorethmoidalnerve posteriorethmoidalnerve

The GYE preganglioniccomponentof the vagus(X) nerveoriginatesin the: A. B. C. D. E.

c

pterygopalatineganglion otic ganglion geniculateganglion petrosalganglion nodoseganglion

Innervationto the lateralnasalwall is providedby all of the following~: A. B. C. D. E.

E

sphenoidbone frontal bone occipital bone temporalbone ethmoidbone

The SVA componentof the chordatympanihasits cell bodieslocatedin the: A. B. C. D. E.

A

specialsensoryfibers postganglionicparasympathetic fibers both A and B neitherA nor B

The crista galli is a bony processof the A. B. C. D. E.

146.

the palpebralconjunctivalines the deepsurfaceof the eyelid a sty or sebaceous cyst usuallypresentsitself internally againstthe eyeball both A and B neither A nor B

The chordatympanicontains: A. B. C. D.

A

leavesthe skull throughthe carotidforamen innervatesthe carotidsinus both A and B neither A nor B

D

. .

.'.

..

158.

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Whenthe temporomandibular joint hasbecomedislocated,the condyloidprocessof the mandibleis blockedfrom returningto the mandibularfossaby the: A. B. C. D. E.

159.

160.

162

163

164.

E

proceedsforwardon the externalpterygoidmuscle piercesthebuccalpad andbuccinatormuscle innervatedby the glossopharyngeal nerve surfacemarking on a line the betweenalaof the noseandthe earlobe opensinto the mouth oppositethe crown of the uppersecondmolar tooth

Which of the following is nQ!a pairedsinusof the brain: A. B. C. D. E.

B

nasolacrimalducts lacrimalpunctaandcanaliculi lacuslacrimali tarsalglandsducts ductsof the lacrimal gland

With regardsto the parotid duct, which of the following is!lQ1true: A. B. C. D. E.

E

postganglionicoculomotorfibers postganglionicsympatheticfibers sensoryfibers from the eyeballto the nasociliarynerve both A and B all of the above(A-C)

Tearsnomlall~ drain into the lacrimal sacvia the: A. B. C. D. E.

D

nasociliarynerve oculomotornerve angularvein ophthalmicveins superiorpetrosalsinus

The shortciliary nervescontainwhich of the following: A. B. C. D. E.

161

stylomandibularligament articulardisc articulartubercle lateral ligamentof the temporomandibular joint spineof the sphenoid

Cavernoussinusthrombosiscausesedema(swelling) of the orbital structuresby interferingwith which of the following structuresleavingthe orbit: A. B. C. D. E.

c

A

occipital transverse sigmoid inferior petrosal cavernous

The auriculotemporalnerveis split asit travelsthroughthe infratemporalfossaby which of the following vessels: A. B. C. D. E.

deepauricularartery middle meningealartery anteriortympanicartery posteriordeeptemporalartery posteriorsuperioralveolarartery

B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

72.

A. B. C. D. E. 173

obliquearytenoidmuscle thyroarytenoidmuscle cricothyroidmuscle lateralcricoarytenoidmuscle posteriorcricoarytenoidmuscle

The parotid duct tenninates:

D

at the secondlower molar in the adult at the narrow cleft limited by the cheeksand gumsoppositethe third uppermolar at the third lower molar at the narrow cleft limited by the cheeksand lips andteethandgumsoppositethe uppersecond molar E. oppositethe uppersecondmolar in the oral cavity proper 174.

In an emergency,whenthereis a blockageat the laryngealinlet, the ~ createan alternateairwayis at the: A. B. C. D. E.

75

76.

..

,

,

" \-1

77

c

laryngealnotch thyrohyoidmembrane cricothyroidmembrane thyroid cartilage trachealcartilage

E

aryepiglotticfolds falsevocal folds ventriclesof the larynx third and fourth trachealrings true vocal folds

The confluenceof the sinusesis formedby the following sinuses: A. B. C. D. E.

" .. ,

site to make an incision to

The rima glottis (rima glottidis) is locatedbetweenthe: A. B. C. D. E.

!--.

"

c

A. B. C. D.

e \.. '..

Which of the following musclesactsprimarily to increasethe tensionon the vocal ligaments:

E

straightandtransversesinuses superiorandinferior sagittalsinuses superiorandtransversesinuses occipital andtemporalsinuses noneof the above(A-D)

Selectthe ~

statement:

A

\,

A. the paranasalsinusesareintraosseous pneumaticor air-filled cavities B . the larynx is the connectionbetweenthe middle earandthe trachea C. the tracheais locatedin the mediastinumandextendsto eachlung at the level of the pulmonary pediclesandhila D. thereis onesegmentfor eachpleurallobe E. the anteriorethmoidalcells openingsare found in the superiormeatusand suprememeatus

I'

" (" ---

:"

"-

,

, ..

,

, " .-. "'-'* """ , """ , _/ ,

78.

The anteriorcranialfossacontainsor includesall of the following ~ A. B. C. D. E.

the:

crista galli cribrifonn plate sellaturcica posteriorethmoidalforamina foramencecum

~

c

199.

The cell bodies for the nerves associatedwith pain and temperature from the face are found in the:

A. B. C. D. E. 200.

A 40 year old truck driver fell asleepcloseto an openwindow on a cold drafty night. He woke up in the morning with the left sideof the face immobile andwithout expression,all wrinkles had disappearedon his left foreheadandhis left nasolabialfold waslessdistinct than the right. Thereis left eyebrowdroopingand saggingof left lower eyelid with inability to closethe left eye. The patient cannotpursehis lips tightly, whistle or puff out his cheeks. He claims his mouth is drier than usual and he canbarely tastefood put into his mouth. The drynessin the mouth (lesssecretion) is due to GVE fibers carriedby: A. B. C. D. E.

201.

202

203

204,

c

ear ventriclesof thebrain eye nose cavernoussinus

Which of the following is found in the mandibularcanal: A. B. C. D. E.

E

the orbicularisoris muscle the medialpterygoidmuscle the zygomaticusmajor muscle the massetermuscle the buccinatormuscle

The limbus or filtration angleis associatedwith the: A. B. C. D. E.

c

is coveredwith a layer of epithelium that is continuouswith that lining the auditory tube coversthe scalavestibuli (oval window) both A and B neitherA nor B

A 40 year old truck driver fell asleepcloseto an openwindow on a cold drafty night. He woke up in the morning with the left side of the face immobile andwithout expression,all wrinkles had disappearedon his left foreheadandhis left nasolabialfold waslessdistinct than the right. Thereis left eyebrowdroopingand saggingof left lower eyelid with inability to closethe left eye. The patient cannotpursehis lips tightly, whistle or puff out his cheeks. He claims his mouth is drier than usual and he canbarely tastefood put into his mouth. The fact that the patient cannotwhistle or puff out his cheeksis relatedto paralysisof: A. B. C. D. E.

D

the inferior alveolarnerve the glossopharyngeal nerve the long buccalnerve the chordatympaninerve the greaterpetrosalnerve

The stapes: A. B. C. D.

c

genIculateganglion nodoseganglion semilunar(trigeminal)ganglion otic ganglion ciliary ganglion

mylohyoid nerve lingual artery inferior alveolarnerve long buccalnerve chordatympani

c

213.

214.

Which of the following structuresis nQ!associatedwith the medial wall of the middle ear (tympanic cavity): A. promontory B. fenestravestibuli (oval window) C. fenestracochleae(roundwindow) D. prominenceof facialnervecanal E. chordatympani The anteriorfontanelleis small and shapedlike a triangle:

E

B

A. true B. false 215.

The anteriorscalenemuscle(scalenusanterior): A. B. C. D.

216.

217.

219.

220.

c

trochlearnerve oculomotornerve nasociliaryneve frontal nerve lacrimalnerve

To direct the pupil down andout (lateral)onemust useone of the following muscles: A. B. C. D. E.

E

orbital plate of the ethmoid lacrimal frontal bones small part of body of the sphenoid greaterwing of the sphenoid

The anteriorandposteriorethmoidalnervesarebranchesof: A. B. C. D. E.

A

chorda tympani inferior alveolar nerve both A and B neither A nor B

Which of the following doesnQ!help makeup the medial wall of the orbit: A. B. C. D. E.

D

glossopharyngeal (IX) accessory (XI) hypoglossal(XII) auditory(VIII) vagus(X)

The preganglionic parasympatheticfibers to the submandibularand sublingual glands travel within the: A. B. C. D.

218.

is locatedposteriorto the subclavianvein is locatedin the anteriortriangle of the neck both A and B neitherA nor B

Which of the following cranialnervesis nQ!found in the carotid sheathas it leavesthe skull: A. B. C. D. E.

A

superiorrectus inferior oblique superioroblique inferior rectus ciliary

c

. . . . .

228

8' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~

Innervatedby postganglionicsympatheticfibers: A. B. C. D. E.

229.

230.

232

233

234.

A

insert on the skull posteriorto the foramenmagnum arepart of theprevertebralmusculature both A and B neitherA nor B

Which of the following musclesclosesthe glottis (rima glottidis): A. B. C. D.

c

the recurrentlaryngealnerveis locateddirectlybeneaththe mucousmembrane small objectsmay becomelodged both A and B neitherA nor B

Musclesinvolved in extensionof the head: A. B. C. D.

c

superiorobliquemuscle inferior obliquemuscle lateralrectusmuscle pupillary dilator muscle buccinatormuscle

The importanceof the piriform recessof the laryngopharynxis that: A. B. C. D.

B

internal(medial)pterygoid external(lateral)pterygoid masseter temporalis noneof the above(A-D) e.g. all tend to closethejaw

Innervatedby the abducentnerve: A. B. C. D. E.

231

superiorobliquemuscle inferior obliquemuscle lateralrectusmuscle pupillary dilator muscle buccinatormuscle

Which of the following musclesdoesnQ!tend to closethejaws: A. B. C. D. E.

D

A

obliquearytenoid thyroepiglottic both A and B neitherA nor B

The parasympathetic root of the pterygopalatineganglionoriginatesfrom the:

B

A. maxillary division of cranialnerveV B . greaterpetrosalnerveof cranialnerveVII C . lesserpetrosalnerveof cranialnerveIX mandibulardivision of cranialnerveV D. cranialnerveX 235

Branchesof the thyrocervicaltrunk includethe: A. B. C. D.

inferior thyroid artery transversecervicalartery both A and B neitherA nor B

c

,";) ..

..

244.

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A. B. C. D. E.

-'

245

249,

supratrochlear artery superficialtemporalartery supraorbitalartery occipitalartery maxillary artery

Usually the fIrst branchoff the externalcarotidarteryis the: A. B. C. D. E.

maxillary artery inferior thyroid artery superiorthyroid artery occipitalartery supremethoracicartery

Which is ~ A. B.

A

superiorobliquemuscle inferior obliquemuscle lateralrectusmuscle pupillary dilator muscle buccinatormuscle

Which of the following arteriesdoesllQ! supplythe scalp: A. B. C. D. E.

248.

B

it hooksaroundthe occipital artery it suppliespalatoglossusandpalatopharyngeus muscles it carriersC I fibers from the cervicalplexus it suppliesall intrinsic tonguemuscle it leavesthe skull by passingthroughthe hypoglossalcanal

Longestandthinnesteyemuscle,innervatedby nerveIV: A. B. C. D. E.

247,

palatopharyngeus superiorconstrictor stylopharyngeus salpingopharyngeus inferior constrictor

Which of the following statementsconcerningthe hypoglossalnerveis g: A. B. C. D. E.

246.

c

All pharyngealmusclesaresuppliedby the pharyngealplexus~:

.. . .

GROSSANATOMY: HEAP & NECK

BIOTEST,rn(~

E

c

regardingthe parotidgland:

its duct crosses the masseter muscle and enters the mouth opposite the upper incisor tooth it has no relationship to any ear Structures

c

C. its deepprocessrelatesit to the 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12thcranialnerves D. it hasno relationshipto the pharynx E. its fibrous capsuleis looseandeasilydetachable 250. A. B. C. D. E.

supraorbitalnerve supratrochlear nerve auriculotemporalnerve greateroccipitalnerve facialnerve

c

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

259.

Which of the following musclesprotrudesthe mandible: A. B. C. D. E.

260.

lateralpterygoidmuscle anteriorbelly of digastricmuscle temporalis muscle mentalismuscle platysma

The otic ganglionin the infratemporalfossais functionally associatedwith which cranialnerve: A. B. C. D. E.

261

glossopharyngeal (IX) vagus(X) facial(VII) trigeminal(V) accessory (XI)

Which of the following musclesis nQ1innervatedby the trigeminalnerve: A. B. C. D. E.

262.

Generalsensoryafferentfiberswhich supplythe mucosaof the larynx abovethe vocal folds are A. B. C. D.

The glossopharyngeal nerve contributes preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion

A. B. C. D. E.

B

auriculotemporal lesserpetrosal greaterpetrosal greaterauricular buccal

The postganglionicgiberstraveling from the otic ganglionto the parotid gland travel with which nerve: A. B. C. D. E.

265

D

recurrentlaryngealnerve inferior laryngealnerve both A and B neither A nor B

throughwhich branch:

264,

B

masseter buccinator internal (medial)pterygoid external(lateral)pterygoid temporalis

cauied in the following nerve(s):

263

A

lingual zygomatic choraltympani auriculotemporal buccal

Which of the following is nQ1true aboutthe emissaryveins: A. B. C. D. E.

D

they connectintracranialveinsandextracranialveins blood can flow in eitherdirection in theseveins they are found in variousareasof the head(e.g.parietal,mastoid,etc.) are identicalto the diploic veins in location noneof the above(A-D) e.g.all of them aretrue

D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

273

The most importantfactor in stabilizingthe temporomandibular joint and maintainingthe mandibularcondyle in the mandibularfossais the: A. B. C. D. E.

274.

275

277

278.

E

pyramidaleminence facialnerve aditusto the mastoidantrum openingfor the chordatympaninerveto enterthe middle ear tensortympani muscle

Which of the following structuresis mQ§.1likelyto playa role in the spreadof bacteriafrom an infectedsweatglandon the buccalaspectof the faceto the cavernoussinusof the middle cranial fossa: A. B. C. D. E.

279.

D

oval window roundwindow promontory epitympanicrecess tympanicplexus

The posteriorwall of the middle earhasall but one of the following: A. B. C. D. E.

B

posteriorcranialfossa middle cranial fossa frontal lobesof the brain anteriorcranialfossa parietalbones

All but one arerelatedto the medialwall of the middle ear: A. B. C. D. E.

B

depresses the hyoid bone is attachedto the inner surfaceof the mandibleandthe mastoidprocessof the temporalbone both A and B neitherA nor B

The roof of the externalandinternalauditorymeatusarerelatedto the: A. B. C. D. E.

276.

muscleof mastication temporomandibularligament stylomandibularligament sphenomandibular ligament capsuleof the temporomandibular joint

The digastricmuscle: A. B. C. D.

A

CN VII pterygoidplexusof veins inferior alveolarartery middle meningealartery foramenspinosum

The artery which lies on the medial side of the pterion and is easily damaged by skull fractures in - --

this region is a branchof the: A. B. C. D. E.

B

inferior alveolarartery posteriorsuperioralveolarartery deepauricularartery anteriortympanicartery middle meningealartery

E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . w . . . . . . . .

288

The middle cranialfossaincludes(contains): A. B. C. D. E.

289,

The posteriorcranialfossaincludes(contains): A. B. C. D. E.

290.

291

i 8'

A

locatedbetweenthe metopic(interfrontal),coronaland sagittalsutures triangularin shape bulging when normal both A and B all of the above(A-C)

The mucousmembranethat lines the eyelidsand is reflectedover the anteriorportion of the eyeballis the: A. B. C. D. E.

E

the sigmoid sinus the foramenmagnum the hypoglossalcanal both Band C all of the above(A-C)

The anteriorfontanelleis: A. B. C. D. E.

D

foramenrotundum foramenspinosum internalacousticmeatus both A and B all of the above(A-C)

c

lacrimalmembrane sclera conjunctiva cornea tarsalmembrane

. .

292.

. . . 293

. . .

. . . . . . .

-'--

The mandibularfossais: A. B. C. D. E.

.

.

D

A. a musclethat functionsin protrusionof the tongueis the styloglossus B. all tonguemuscles,exceptthe genioglossus, are providedmotor innervationby the hypoglossal nerve(XII) C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

.

.

Conemingthe oral cavity:

294.

The orbit includesthe: A. B. C. D. E.

E

part of the mandible part of the temporalbone the placewhere the chordatympaniemergesfrom insidethe skull the location of the mandibulargland both Band C

zygomaticbone vomerbone nasalbone both Band C all of the above(A-C)

A

302

The ciliary ganglionreceivedpreganglionicparasympathetic fibersfrom the: A. B. C. D. E.

303

304.

305

Which nerve suppliesthe posteriorbelly of the digastricmuscle:

307

308.

A

B

Cl ansacervicalis facial hypoglossal glossopharyngeal

Thejugular foramentransmitsall but one of the following: A. B. C. D. E.

B

C} ansacervicalis facial hypoglossal glossopharyngeal

Which nervesuppliesthe sternohyoidmuscle: A. B. C. D. E.

c

Cl ansacervicalis facial hypoglossal glossopharyngeal

Which nerve suppliesthe geniohyoidmuscle: A. B. C. D. E.

A

Cl ansacervicalis facial hypoglossal glossopharyngeal

Which nervesuppliesthe omohyoidmuscle: A. B. C. D. E.

306.

optic nerve trochlearnerve oculomotornerve lesserpetrosalnerve greaterpetrosalnerve

Symptomsthat result from destructionof the pterygopalatineganglionincludewhich of the following: A. dry nasalmucosafrom lossof secretionof the nasalglands B. dry mouth from loss of secretionof the parotid gland C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

A. B. C. D. E.

c

vagusnerve(X) glossopharyngeal nerve(IX) facialnerve(VII) accessorynerve(XI) internaljugular vein

c

,If

.8;

.. . . . .

317

A. B. C. D. E. 318.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

319.

320.

. .

.

L9

the eustachian(auditory)tube internalcarotidartery chordatympaninerve tensortympani muscle noneof the above(A-D)

the facialnerve(VII) the trigeminalnerve(V) the glossopharyngeal nerve(IX) the vagusnerve(X) the hypoglossalnerve(XII)

The roof of the middle earis relatedto: A. B. C. D. E.

322.

c

The stapediusmuscleof the middle earis innervatedby: A. B. C. D. E.

321.

A

transversesinus cavernoussinus superiorpetrosalsinus frontal sinus superiorsagittalsinus

The anteriorwall of the middle earis relatedto all but one of the following: A. B. C. D. E.

D

ovale rotundum mandibular lacerum mental

The tentorium cerebelliis associatedwith which of the following: A. B. C. D. E.

B

the posteriorcranialfossa the middle cranialfossa the anteriorcranialfossa the cavernoussinus the infratemporalfossa

Which of the following musclesis nQ!innervatedby the oculomotornerve: A. B. C. D. E.

323

,.~,

The trigeminal nerveor a branchthereofpassesthroughall of the foraminalisted below ~:

E

inferior oblique constrictorpupillae medialrectus levatorpalpebraesuperioris dilator pupillae

Which of the following statementsis incolTect: A. the ciliary ganglionis a parasympathetic ganglionassociatedwith the oculomotornerve B . the nasociliarynerveruns alongthe medialwall of the orbit C . the levatorpalpebraesuperiorismusclelies directly underthe frontal nerve D. the lacrimal glandis associatedwith the lacrimal bonein the medial orbit E. the orbital fascia(fasciabulbi) separates the eyeballfrom the orbital fat and structuresbehindthe eyeball

D

..-

. t. .

..

331

A. B. C. D. E.

. .

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The middle meningealarteryis a branchof the:

332.

externalcarotidartery ophthalmicartery superficialtemporalartery facialartery maxillary artery

Which of the following is IlQ1found in the infratemporalregion: A. B. C. D. E.

333

Which of the following musclesdoesnQ!help to openthejaw:

statement:

The maxillary division of the trigeminalnerveor its branchesextendthroughall of the following

Which of the following nervesis sensorynQ!: A. B. C. D. E.

337.

B

the diploic veins arelocatedbetweenlayersof dura the emissaryveins connectthe dural venoussinuseswith veins outsideof the skull the vesselsof the scalplie in the aponeuroticlayer the frontalis muscleis anchoredto the boneover the orbits only the ophthalmicdivision of V suppliesthe skin of the scalp

opening~: A. foramenrotundum B. incisive foramen C . foramenovale D. pterygopalatinefossa E. infraorbitalforamen 336.

A

medialpterygoidmuscle lateralpterygoidmuscle geniohyoidmuscle mylohyoid muscle anteriorbelly of the digastricmuscle

Of the following, which is the ~ A. B. C. D. E.

335

D

pterygoidplexusof veins chordatympani otic ganglion geniculateganglion inferior alveolarartery

A. B. C. D. E. 334.

E

c

D

inferior alveolarnerve lingual nerve buccalbranchofV3 buccalbranchof VII auriculotemporalnerve

Trigeminalneuralgiainvolving the lower faceGawarea)couldbe helpedby injectingthe responsible nerveat: A. B. C. D. E.

foramenlacerum superiororbital fissure foramenspinosum foramenovale foramenrotundum

D

.8 8 8

346

8

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 . 8,

347

. . i8,

348.

~

A

c

the geniculateganglion the semilunarganglion both A and B neitherA nor B

All of the following statementsaretrue~:

c

A. the lingual frenulum is a medianfold of mucousmembranewhich runsfrom the baseof the tongueto the floor of the mouth B. the action of the hyoglossusmuscleis to depressthe sideof the tongue C. the sublingualduct opensat the baseof the tongueasthe sublingualcaruncle D. the deeplingual artery suppliesblood to the tip of the tongue 340.

A musclethat remainsfunctionalwhenthe hypoglossalnerveis damagedis the: A. B. C. D.

349

350.

351

352

B

suboccipital lesseroccipital greateroccipital both Band C noneof the above(A-D)

Which one of the following statementsis ~: A. B. C. D. E.

c

the vagusnerve the glossopharyngeal nerve both A and B neitherA nor B

Which nerveoriginatesfrom the ventralramusofC2: A. B. C. D. E.

A

the vagusnerve the glossopharyngeal nerve both A and B neitherA nor B

All of the innervationof the oropharynx,both motor and sensory,is suppliedby: A. B. C. D.

B

genioglossus palatoglossus styloglossus hyoglossus

All of the innervationof the larynx, both sensoryand motor, is suppliedby: A. B. C. D.

; ...

8 8 8 . 8, .c: 8', .~ 8 8 8 . . 8 . 8 .

Sensoryfibers for the anterior2/3 of the tongueareassociatedwith: A. B. C. D.

.

. 8, . 8 8 8 .

Tenninal branchesof the maxillary artery,which occur in the pterygopalatinefossa,include all of the tollowmg ~: A. middle meningeal B. sphenopalatine C. posteriorsuperioralveolar D. descendingpalatine

the hypoglossalnervecarriesfibers from C2 the hypoglossalnervehooksaroundthe occipital artery the superiorlaryngealnerveis a branchof the hypoglossalnerve the superiorlaryngealnerverunsupwardbetweenthe tracheaandesophagus the recurrentlaryngealnerveis a branchof the superiorlaryngealnerve

B

361

Division of the anteriortriangleincludeall of the following ~: A. B. C. D.

362.

363.

365.

366.

367

368.

B

geniculateganglion semilunarganglion both A and B neitherA nor B

The following structuresarecontainedwithin the aryepiglotticfold: A. B. C. D.

A

foramenrotundum foramenovale both A and B neitherA nor B

Sensoryfibers for the hardpalateareassociated with the: A. B. C. D.

A

sternohyoid thyrohyoid geniohyoid stylohyoid all of the above(A-D)

Openingsinto the pterygopalatinefossaincludethe: A. B. C. D.

c

is connectedindirectly to the clavicle is innervatedby the ansacervicalis both A and B neitherA nor B

The ansacervicalisinnervateswhich of the following muscles: A. B. C. D. E.

B

parotid duct greaterauricularnerve buccalbranchesof the facialnerve transversefacial artery

The inferior belly of the omohyoidmuscle: A. B. C. D.

D

inferior thyroid transversecervical superiorthyroid both A and B all of the above(A-C)

Structuresseenemergingfrom the parotid glandin the faceincludeall of the following ~: A. B. C. D.

364.

supraclaviculartriangle carotidtriangle digastrictriangle submentaltriangle

Which of the following arteriesusuallyoriginatesfrom the thyrocervicaltrunk: A. B. C. D. E.

A

conuselasticus arytenoidcartilages both A and B neitherA nor B

D

376

Which of the following structuresareinvolved in increasingthe tensionon the vocal ligamentsalong their entire length: A. B. C. D.

377

378

380

381

382.

it

The petrousportion of the temporalbone:

c

D

forms the bordersof the foramenovale takespart in the formationof the foramenspinosum both A and B neitherA nor B

Preganglionicautonomicnervefibers emergefrom the spinalcord in all of the following divisions D

~: A. B. C. D.

383

B

insertsanteriorto the occipital condyles insertsposteriorto the occipital condyles actsto flex theneckandcervicalvertebrae originatesfrom the transverseprocessesof C3 to C6

The cranialparasympathetic outflow is associatedwith all of the following cranialnervenuclei ~: A. III B. V C. X D. VII

A. B. C. D.

A

eachis suppliedby its own branchof a pulmonaryvein eachsegmentis separatedfrom adjacentsegmentsby connectivetissuesepta eachis suppliedby its own segmental(tertiary) bronchus eachsegmentis suppliedby its own branchof a pulmonaryartery

All of the following is true aboutthe longuscapitis muscle~ A. B. C. D.

c

intemallaryngealnerve superiorlaryngealnerve both A and B neitherA nor B

Which of the following statementsis n.Q!true concerningthe bronchopulmonarysegments: A. B. C. D.

379

cricothyroidmuscle thyroarytenoidmuscle both A and B neitherA nor B

Generalsensoryafferentfiberswhich supplythe mucosaof the larynx abovethe vocal folds are carriedin the following nerve(s): A. B. C. D.

A

sacral

lumbar thoracic cervical

Concerningthe oral cavity: A. B. C. D.

the lingual artery entersthe oral cavity medial to the hyoglossusmuscle as it transversesthe oral cavity, the lingual nerveremainsmedialto the submandibularduct both A and B neitherA nor B

A

392.

The tensortympanimuscle: A. B. C. D. E.

393.

The tympaniccavity (middle ear): A. B. C. D. E.

394.

E

containsa componentof the glossopharyngeal nerve(CN IX) on its medialwall containsa componentof the facial nerve(CN VII) on its lateralwall is continuouswith the mastoidportion of the temporalbone via the aditusantrum containsthe origin and insertionof the stapediusmuscle all of the above(A-D)

A fracturerestrictedto the tegmentympaniof the temporalbonewould: A. B. C. D. E.

395.

A

entersthe tympaniccavity via its anteriorwall insertson the incus reducestensionon the tympanicmembranewhencontracted is innervatedby the facial nerve(CN VII) all of the above(A-D)

B

result in damageto the internalcarotidartery probablyallow CSF from subarachnoidspaceto enterthe tympaniccavity damagethe auditorytube allow venousblood from thejugular bulb to enterthe tympaniccavity all of the above(A-D)

All of the following statements are true about the umbo ~

it:

B

A. is located in the pars tensa region of the tympanic membrane B. is located in the pars flaccida portion of the tympanic membrane C. is situated at the tip of the so-called "cone of light" D. represents the point of attachment of the handle of the malleus

396.

The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X):

c

A. B.

travels in the carotid sheath between the internal jugular vein and the carotid artery is the source of the recurrent laryngeal nerve that hooks around the subclavian artery on the right side C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

397.

The tympanicplexus: A. B. C. D.

398.

The internalcarotidartery: A. B. C. D.

399.

D

originatesfrom the brachiocephalicartery givesoff branchesin the neck both A and B neitherA nor B

The internalear: A. B. C. D.

D

is a componentof the facial nerve(CN VII) servesasthe origin of the greaterpetrosalnerve both A and B neitherA nor B

containsnervecell bodiesthat fonDthe cochlearnerve containscavitiesand canalsthat arelined with periosteum both A and B neitherA nor B

c

8

.

8 8

408.

8

The sternocleidomastoid muscle: A. B. C. D.

:

., .; 8 ' 409.

8

. 8'1

receivesits motor innervationfrom the cervicalbranchof the facial nerve(cranialnerveVII) insertsonto the clavicle andthe sternum both A and B neitherA nor B

The digastricmuscle: A. B. C. D.

D

A

takespart in the formationof the bordersof the submandibulartriangle crossesthe posteriortriangleof the neck both A and B neitherA nor B

8

.

":'

410.

The subclavianvein: A. B. C. D. E.

'.1 8

.

E

receivesthe thoracicduct on the left side receivesthe externaljugular vein is a tributary of the brachiocephalicvein passesanteriorto the anteriorscalenemuscle all of the above(A-D)

8. 41

8,i 8

. 8 412

8' 8

8 e'

413 :

"

8:

8 8

e~ . J''~ t . ;{ .'

414.

,c "J~ "

415

'Ii

""",,' .;;

8

,

\.' . ;

8" 8 . "~ . 8 ---

D

servesas the site of origin for the omohyoidmuscle is visible asthe laryngealprominence both A and B neitherA nor B

The pterygoidplexusof veinspossesses direct venousconnectionswith which of the following structures: A. B. C. D. E.

B

buccalbranchof VII buccalbranchof V 3 both A and B neitherA nor B

The hyoid bone: A. B. C. D.

i

A

facial occipital suprascapular transversecervical

Sensorynervesof the cheekinclude: A. B. C. D.

,

.

Which of the following arteries can nQ! be seen passing through the posterior triangle of the neck:

A. B. C. D.

..

.

B

A. Tenon'sfasciaor capsuleis associatedwith the eyelid B. droopingof the eyelid may possessboth oculomotornerveinvolvementaswell as sympathetic nerveinvolvement C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

8

8

Regardingthe eyelids:

cavernoussinus ophthalmicveins facial vein maxillary vein all of the above(A-D)

E

424.

Whencell bodiesof the left semilunarganglionaredamagedthe signsand symptomsinclude: A. B. C. D.

425.

426.

loss of sensationof pain from the anterior2/3 of the tongue loss of tasteto then anterior2/3 of the tongue both A and B neitherA nor B

A stabwound in the posteriortriangleof the neck could damageall of the following nerves~ the: A. B. C. D.

A

A

greateroccipitalnerve accessory nerve greaterauricularnerve suprascapular nerve B

Regardingnervesof the orbit and its contents: A. the frontal nerveis a branchof the oculomotornerve B. the lacrimal glandreceivesits secretomotorfibersfrom the facial nervevia the pterygopalatine ganglion C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

427.

A. B. c. D. E. 428.

vagusnerve externaljugular vein both A and B neitherA nor B it:

B

superiorthyroid inferior thyroid facial maxillary

Lateralmovementof the eyecanbe producedby contractionof all of the following extraocular musclesexceptthe: A. B. C. D.

A

containsthe transversecervicalartery containsthe carotid sinus is coveredby skin that receivedits sensoryinnervationform the transversecervicalnerve is borderedsuperiorlyby the inferior borderof the mandible

Branchesof the externalcarotidarteryincludeall of the following~: A. B. C. D.

431

A

enclosedwithin the carotidsheathincludethe:

The following statementsaretrue aboutanteriortriangleof the neck~ A. B. C. D.

430.

the ora serratais associatedwith the choroidcoat the shortciliary arteriessupplythe choroidvascularpart the centralarteryof the eyeballsuppliesthe choroidvascularlayer the posteriorchamberof the eyeballcontainsvitreoushumor all of the above(A-D)

Structures

A. B. C. D. 429,

B

Regardingthe eyeballand its composition:

lateralrectus inferior rectus inferior oblique superioroblique

B

.8 .. .

. . . .

e: 8,

.

440.

A. B. C. D. E. 441

;;"'

. .

. .

442

'14

, II

8"'

8 . . .

.8

.. . . . .

443,

444.

445

. . . . "

.. .

'8 "

}:8 r8'"

~

supraclavicular transversecervical(cutaneous) lesseroccipital greaterauricular all of the above(A-D)

E

it may be usedto divide the subclavianarteryinto threeparts it forms part of the floor of the posteriortriangle of the neck the phrenicnervetravelsacrossits anteriorsurface it separates the subclavianarteryfrom the subclavianvein all of the above(A-D)

Symptomsthat result from destructionof the pterygopalatineganglioninclude which of the following: A. dry mouth from loss of secretionof submandibulargland B . dry eyesfrom loss of secretionof the lacrimal gland C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

B

E

Which of the following statementsaboutthe sensorynervesupplyto the scalpis ~: A. the supratrochlearandsupraorbitalnervesarebranchesof the ophthalmicdivision of the trigeminalnerve B. the scalp,over the temporalregion is suppliedby the zygomaticotemporal nervewhich is a branchof the maxillary division of the trigeminalnerve c. the terminal superficialtemporalbranchesof the auriculotemporalnervesupplythe skin over the temporalregion of the scalp D. the greateroccipitalnerveoriginatesfrom the posteriorramusof the secondcervicalnerveand suppliesthe back of the scalp E. all of the above(A-D)

8:"

;

E

Concerningthe anteriorscalenemuscle: A. B. C. D. E.

D

the costocervicaltrunk the maxillary artery both A and B neitherA norB

Sensorybranchesfrom the cervicalplexusinclude: A. B. C. D. E.

")

E

is locatedwithin the carotidsheath containsvenousblood from the brain is at tributary of the brachiocephalicvein containsa bicuspidvalve in its inferior bulb that preventsretrogradeflow of blood all of the above(A-D)

The musclesthat areinnervatedby the extemallaryngealandthe recurrentlaryngealnervesreceive their blood supply from arteriesarisingfrom: A. B. C. D.

,

8 i. 8

The internaljugular vein:

446

Branchesof the first part of the subclavianarteryusuallyinclude all of the following ~ A. B. C. D.

thyrocervicaltrunk internalthoracicartery vertebralartery dorsalscapularartery

the:

D

455.

Which nerve(s)havebeeninjured if your patientcannotclosehis eyelids: A. B. C. D. E.

456.

457.

459.

D

providesmotor innervationto the intrinsic and extrinsic musclesof the tongue passesthroughthe submandibulartriangle both A and B neitherA nor B

The cervicalplexus: A. B. C. D. E.

B

insertson the medialone-thirdof the clavicle passesanteriorto the subclavianartery both A and B neitherA nor B

Thehypoglossalnerve(cranialnerveXII): A. B. C. D.

c

containsrootsof the brachialplexus containsthe supraclavicularfossa both A and B neitherA nor B

The anteriorscalenemuscle(scalenusanterior): A. B. C. D.

458.

superiorcervicalganglion oculomotor ophthalmic facial all of the above(A-D)

The posteriortriangleof the neck: A. B. C. D.

D

originatesfrom the ventral rami ofCI throughC4 providesthe platysmamusclewith motor innervation givesrise to branchesthat providethe trapeziusmusclewith motor innervation is composedentirely of sensoryfibers all of the above(A-D)

A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ie, . ."

460.

A. B. C. D. E. 461

462

463

. .

464.

.

.

,.:, .

the sinuatrialnode,His bundle,right andleft branches the sinuatrialnode,atrioventricularnode,His andHer bundle,superiorandinferior crura the atrioventricularand atrial nodes,His bundle,right andleft crura the sinuatrialnode,the atrioventricularnode,andbundle,the right and left branches,and Purkinjefibers network SA andA V node,His andHer bundle,anteriorandposteriorcrura,Purkinje'sfibers andnetwork

Selectthe ~

statement:

.

465.

The posteriormediastinum: A. B. C. D. E.

.

.

466. . . . . . . .

c

E

extendsfrom the 4th thoracicvertebrato the diaphragm includesthe descendingthoracicaortaandazygosveins includesthe vagi and splanchnicnerves includesthe thoracicduct andesophagus all of the above(A-D)

. .

D

A. the SA nodeis suppliedby the venacardiacaparva B. the SA nodeis drainedby the left coronaryartery in 60% of the cases C. the SA nodeis suppliedby an atrial branchof the right coronaryartery in approximately60% of the cases D. the SA nodeandthe A V nodearedrainedby the secondseptalarteryof the anterior interventricularartery E. the A V nodeis drainedby the left coronaryartery

.

''"8 '"

D

the subcostalmusclesarebestdevelopedin the upperpart of the thorax the innermostintercostalsareoftenregardedaspartsof the externalintercostalmuscles the anteriorintercostalmembraneis the membranousportion of the internalintercostalmuscle the anteriorintercostalarteriesarebranchesof the internalthoracicarteries the intercostalnervesarethe posteriorrami of the 12thoracicnerves

The conductingsystemof the heartcomprises: A. B. C. D. I iE.

A

scalenusposteriormuscle scalenusanteriormuscle scalenusmediusmuscle sternocleidomastoid muscle

Regardingthe thoracicwall: A. B. C. D. E.

B

the floating ribs areribs 8-12 a typical rib consistsof all of the following: head,a neck, and a shaftwith its costalgroove the most typical rib is rib 1 the sternalanglemarksthe articulationof rib 3 a line throughthe sternalanglebisectsthe disc betweenvertebraeT2 andT3

Which muscleis nQi involved in forcedinspiration: A. B. C. D.

.

..

Regardingthe skeletonof the thorax:

Selectthe ~ statement: A. the pericardiumhasa closerrelationshipwith the SA nodethanwith the AV node B. the right vagusnervehasmore control on the AV node than on the SA node C. the epicardiumcontainssubendocardial Purkinjefibers for conductionpurposes D. the parsmembranacea is the upperportion of the interatrialseptumin children E. the A V nodeis locatedin the right aspectof the superiorvenacava,at the level of the sulcus terminalis

A

. . . . . . . . . . . .

474.

A tumor or growth in the areaof the ligamentumarteriosumwould ~ following structures: A. B. C. D. E.

475

.;

476.

. . . .

The phrenicnerve: A. containsaxonsthat originatefor the mostpart from the ventralramusofC4 B . providessensoryinnervationto the pericardium C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

478,

Which of the following statementsis/are~

8z '. "' ..~ . .

. .

c

concerningthe anatomyof bronchopulmonary

segments: A. eachis suppliedby a tertiary bronchusanda branchof a pulmonaryartery B. eachis surroundedby a thin layer of connectivetissuethat canact asa barrier to the spreadof infectionbetweensegments C. eachcanbe surgicallyremovedwithout greatlyinterferingwith the function of the remaining

.

A

phrenicnerve vagusnerve esophagus thoracicaorta greatersplanchnic

477.

.

A

crista terminalis trabeculaecamae both A and B neither A nor B

Which one of the following doesnQ!lie within the posteriormediastinum: A. B. C. D. E.

.

c

right phrenicnerve left phrenicnerve left recurrentlaryngealnerve right recurrentlaryngealnerve right vagusnerve

Which of the following is/are related to the right atrium: A. B. C. D.

8"

likely involve which of the

E

segments D. thereareusually 10 bronchopulmonarysegmentspresentin the right lung E. all of the above (A-D)

. . . .

A sharpknife wound startingat and includingthe externalintercostalmusclewould penetratehow many layersbeforehitting the lung tissueitself (Includethe pleuralcavity andendothoracicfasciaas

.

2 layers):

479.

A. B. C. D. E.

. . .

D

four five six seven eight

;8

..

480.

~'. ,.

;8 ¥'

A. in the cristatenninalis of the right atrium B. superiorto the attachmentof the septalcuspof the tricuspidvalve

~ c

~ .

C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

;. ~c t

~"

f .

!. ~.

The atrioventricularnodeis located:

"

"

B

. . . .

" 8!

488

A. B. C. D. E.

.

.to,

..

Which one of the following statements is D.Q1 true of the thoracic duct:

489.

. .

."

extends from upper abdomen to the neck found in the posterior mediastinum associated with the cisterna chyli drains both right and left sides of the thorax usually ascendsto the right of the thoracic aorta

The septamarginaltrabecula(moderatorband)is associated with the: A. B. C. D. E.

.

D

B

right atrium right ventricle left atrium left ventricle baseof the heart

:!

490.

.

.

A. B. C. D.

.

.

Structuresof areascommonto the right ventricle:

.

491.

.

.

fossaovalis musculi pectinati both A and B neitherA nor B

Featuresof the thoracicportion of the sympathetictrunk: A. B. C. D.

.

D

A

coveredthroughoutwith costalpleura no thoracicsplanchnicnervesemerge both A and B neitherA nor B

.

492.

. . . .

Which of the following statement(s)are~

regardingthe structureof bronchopulmonary

segments: A. eachsegmentis suppliedby a segmentalbronchus B. runningthrougheachsegmentis a pulmonaryartery,pulmonaryvein and a segmentalbronchus C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

A

Selectthe ~

E

.

493

.

8'

statement:

A. the pacemakerof the heartis the atrioventricularnode B . the ventriculo-atrialbundleconnectsthe atrial andventricularmusculaturenearthe ostiumof the coronarysinus C. the sinuatrialbundleis divided into anteriorandposteriorfascicles D. the right branchof His' bundleis flat andwide andthe left branchruns in the septomarginal trabecula E. the conductingelementsof the heartaretwo nodes,threeinternodalfascicles,a bundle,two

. . . .

branchesandtheir extension

. . . . . . . . .

L

494,

Selectthe ~ statement: A. the conductingelementsof the heartconsistof smoothmuscularfibers B. the atrioventricularnodeis locatedat the anterolateraljunction of the superiorvenacavaandright atrium C . the sinusnodearteryarisesusuallyfrom the right coronaryartery D. the sinusnodeis found in the interatrial septumnearthe fossaovalis E. the right crus or right branchconsistsof severalflat bandsor strands,the fibers of which reach the papillary musclesand the bicuspidvalve

c

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ."A

~

503.

The posterior intercostal arteries are branches of: A. B. C. D. E.

504.

505

507.

508.

509

A

the semilunarvalves the atrioventricularvalves the eustachianvalve all of the above(A-C) noneof the above(A-D)

Selectthe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

c

firmly attachesthebreastto the underlyingpectoraldeepfascia arethe meansby which the innervationandvasculationof the organaredistributed areretinaculaecutis both A and B all of the above(A-C)

Lunula, noduleandcuspareassociatedwith: A. B. C. D. E.

c

fourth intercostalspace fourth rib fourth thoracicnervedermatome fifth intercostalspace fifth rib

The suspensoryligaments(of Cooper)of the femalebreast: A. B. C. D. E.

c

consistsof preganglionicsympatheticfibers the fibers canbe found in the posteriormediastinum branchesarisefrom the 9th to the lOth sympatheticganglionregion fibers comefrom the spinalcord via white rami gangliawithout synapse fibers terminatein the celiacganglion

The nipple andareolaof the multiparousfemalebreastis usuall~in or at the level of the: A. B. C. D. E.

506

the internal thoracic artery the subclavian artery the aorta the highest intercostal artery the thoraco-acromial artery

Which of the following is nQ!true for the greatersplanchnicnerve: A. B. C. D. E.

c

statement:

B

the breastoverliesthe pectoralismajor andserratuslateralmuscles the superolateralquadrantof the breastis the mostfrequentsite of mammarytumors the mammaryglandis extremelyvascularandsuppliedmainly by the superiorthoracicartery the venousdrainageof the breastindicatethe nervouspathways the lymphaticvesselsof the areolaandnipple drainlymph toward the rectussheath

Which of the following areassociatedwith the fact that foreign objectsareusually aspiratedinto the right lung insteadof the left: A. mostpeopleareright handed B. the right primarybronchushasa largerdiameterthanthe left primary bronchus C. the longitudinal axis of the right primary bronchusis orientedmore vertically thanthat of the left primarybronchus D. the cilia sweepthe objectstowardthe right bronchusandaway from the left bronchus E. both Band C

E

. . . .

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~

517

A bullet shot into the lateralchestwall throughan intercostalspacewould perforatewhich of the following after passingthroughthe parietalpleura: A. B. C. D. E.

518.

519.

A

endothoracicfascia parietalpleura pleural cavity visceralpleura lung parenchyma

A

the right horizontalfissure the left horizontalfissure the right oblique fissure the left oblique fissure

A sixty-yearold constructionworker was admittedto the hospitalwith severeshortnessof breath (dyspnea)and greatdifficulty in swallowing(dysphagia).The patientstateshe hassufferedincreased difficulty and pain in swallowing for over six months,hassubsistedon a liquid diet and lost thirty pounds. His sputumis blood-tingedand for the last few weekshe hasbecomehoarse. X-ray examinationof chestrevealsa wideningof the mediastinumand fluoroscopyshowsobstructionof esophagusat level of trachealbifurcation. Diagnosis:cancerof esophagus with obstructionand metastaticinvolvementof surroundingposteriormediastinalstructures.The hoarseness wasdue to involvementof: A. B. C. D. E.

522,

vagusnerve esophagus thoracicduct azygousvein phrenicnerve

Which of the following fissuresof the lungslies directly beneaththe anteriorportion (from mid axillary region to the sternum)of the 4th rib: A. B. C. D.

521

E

In its passagethroughan intercostalspace,a bullet would firg piercewhich of the following layers after passingthroughthe intercostalmuscles: A. B. C. D. E.

520.

innennostintercostalmuscle potentialpleuralcavity internal intercostalmuscle endothoracicfascia pericardialcavity

Which one of the following is nQ1associated with the posterior mediastinum:

A. B. C. D. E.

B

c

right vagusnerve right recurrentlaryngealnerve left recurrentlaryngealnerve left phrenicnerve greatersplanchnicnerve

An aneurysm(ballooning)of the archof the aortawould mostlikely affect all ~ following: A. left primary bronchus B. esophagus C . left recurrentlaryngealnerve D. thoracicduct £. phrenicnerve

oneof the E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . .

~

530.

Indicatetile ~

statement(s):

c

A. the lafyngealprominenceof the thyroid cartilageis largerin the postpubertalmale thanin a femalf of the sameage B. the re~piratorysystemfunctionsto filter, warm andhumidify air which will enterthe lungs C. both JI:.. and B D. neithetrA nor B 531

The anteri@rintercostal arteries are branches of the: A. B. C. D. E.

532

533

I

D

costodiaphragmatic recess cupola:of the pleura the rig~t 4th-6th parasternal region the le~ 4th-6th parasternal region pulmo~ary ligament

The perica¥ial sacis filled with a straw-coloredfluid. This fluid canbe removedsafelyby introducin~a needlein an areaboundedby the: A. B. C. D. E.

534.

posterior intercostal arteries intern,l thoracic arteries medi~tinal arteries highe~ intercostal arteries subcostal arteries

The bare atjeaof the heart or pericardium where the pleura does nQ! cover it is related to the: A. B. c. D. E.

B

E

left mid-clavicularline and3rd intercostalspace right ntid-axillary line and4th or 5th intercostalspace I suprastfrnalnotch left parfiSternal borderand3rd intercostalspace caudalpart of the body of sternumandmedial endsof left 4th and 5th costalcartilages

With refere~ce to the serous pericardium, which of the following statements is nQ1true:

D

A. its viscbrallayer is also its epicardium B. betwee~ its layers, it contains the oblique sinus C. it is a c~osedsac D. the pericardial cavity exists between the fibrous and serous pericardium E. the visoerallayer of serous pericardium is supplied by the coronary arteries 535,

Which of the following statementsis incolTect: A. the baseof the heartis formedby the ventricles B. the sternocostalsurfaceof the heartis formedmainly by the right ventricle c. the inner surfacesof both auriclesof the heartareridgedby the musculipectinate I D. the sep~omarginal trabecula(moderatorband)containsPurkinjefibers from the right limb of the

A

atrioveqtricularbundle E. the carqiacskeletonsurroundsthe atrioventricularandsemilunaropeningsgiving attachmentto the val'1es 536.

I of a heartrevealsan old and a new areaof damage(infarction)causedby occlusionof Examinatio~ the circumf1~xbranchof the left coronaryartery. The damageis in the: A. B. C. D. E.

right atrium andright ventricle left atrium andleft ventricle left auqcleandinterventricularseptum apexof Ithe heart pulmonflTYartery

B

.-

.

..

543

.. . .

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l:

544

A sixty-yearold constructionworker was admittedto the hospitalwith severeshortnessof breath (dyspnea)and greatdifficulty in swallowing(dysphagia).Thepatientstateshe hassufferedincreased difficulty andpain in swallowing for over six months,hassubsistedon a liquid diet and lost thirty pounds. His sputumis blood-tingedand for the last few weekshe hasbecomehoarse. X-ray examinationof chestrevealsa wideningof the mediastinumandfluoroscopyshowsobstructionof esophagusat level of trachealbifurcation. Diagnosis:cancerof esophagus with obstructionand metastaticinvolvementof surroundingposteriormediastinalstructures.In additionto tracheaand bronchi, the growing cancermay invade: ~. the heart . the pericardium . the aorta . the lungs andpleura . all of the above(A-D) All ~

one of the following statementsis true of the azygosvein:

E

c

A. originatesbelow the diaphragm B. lies on or nearthe right borderof the thoracicvertebralcolumn C. emptiesinto the right brachiocephalicvein D. receivesits tributariesmostly from the right chestwall E. receivesblood from both the hemizygousandaccessoryazygosvenoussystems 545.

The sternalangleis an importantlandmark. It is at the level of: ~. cervicalvertebra7 . disc betweenthoracicvertebrae2 and3 . disc betweenthoracicvertebrae4 and5 . disc betweenthoracicvertebrae6 and7 . thoracicvertebra7

c

546.

Flatteningof the carinais often associatedwith: A. a collapsedlung B. high blood pressure C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

D

547.

The phrenicnerve: A. providessensoryinnervationto the carotid sinus B. is locatedin the anteriortriangle of the neck C. both A and B D. neitherA nor B

D

548

Which of the following structures do !lQ1contribute to the interatrial septum:

c

A. septum spurium B. right valve of the sinus venosus C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

549

The angleora rib is relatedto the: A. shaft of the rib B. articulartubercleof the rib C. neck of the rib D. headof the rib E. interarticularcrestof the rib

A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

557.

A. B. C. D. E.

. . . . . . . . . . . .

..

r,..c.;. 1

locatedin thebifurcationof the trachea receivescontributionfrom all cardiacnerves is specificallyrelatedto the thoraciccardiacsympatheticnerves hasboth sympatheticandparasympathetic contributions is suppliedby the preganglionicleft superiorcardiacsympatheticnerve

The sternalangle(of Louis) marksthe locationof the third rib: A. true B. false

B

559.

Contents.of the anteriormediastinumincludes:

E

A. B. C. D. E.

trnchea vagusnerve phrenicnerves esophagus thymus

560.

Indicatethe~ statement: A. the SA nodeis suppliedby the venacardiacamagna B . the A V nodeis drainedby the left coronaryarteryin 60% of the cases C. the SA nodeis suppliedby an atrial branchof the right coronaryartery in approximately60% of the cases D. the SA nodeandthe A V nodeare drainedby the secondseptalartery of the anterior interventriculararteryfrom the left coronaryartery E. the A V nodeis drainedby an atrial branchof the anteriorinterventriculararteryof the left coronaryartery

c

561

Which of the following is consideredto be a "false" rib: A. rib I B. rib 2 c. rib 6 D. rib 7 E. rib 9

E

562.

Which if the following statementsregardingthe breast(mammarygland) is nQ1true:

E

. . . .

.

D

558

.

. . . . . . . .

With relationto the superficialcardiacplexus:

A. B. C. D.

the axillary tail of Spenceis a normal prolongationof breasttissueextendinginto the axilla Cooper'sligamentsareligamentsthat fix the breastto the underlyingpectoralfascia the breastnormally containscutaneousglandsin its areola the major blood supplyto the breastarefrom branchesof the internalthoracicand axillary arteries E. the mammarygland normally extends(in the female)from the 1stto the 8th rib from midstemal to the midclavicularline

563.

An aneurysm(markeddilation) of which of the following heartstructureswould most likely compressthe esophagus andresult in somesymptomsof difficulty relatedto eating: A. B. C. D. IE.

right atrium left atrium right ventricle left ventricle pulmonaryartery

B

. . . 571

. .

Which of the following is/arerelatedto the pericardialcavity, specificallybetweenlayer of parietal pericardiumor betweenvisceralandparietallayers: A. B. C. D. E.

. . .

D

costodiaphragmatic sinus costomediastinalsinus oblique sinus all of the above(A-C) noneof the above(A-D)

. 572

.

A. B. C. D.

the viscerallayer of serouspericardiumis usuallycalledthe epicardium the bareareaof the pericardiumis found nearthe sternalendof the left 4th or 5th costalcartilage the pericardiumhasthreelayers the obliquepericardialsinuslies behindthe aortaandpulmonaryarteryand anteriorto the supenorvenacava E. the costomediastinalsinusis locatedbetweencostalandmediastinalparietalpleura

. . . . .

573.

.

The most anteriorportion of the heart,found behindthe sternum,is the: A. B. C. D. E.

. . . .

574

.

. .

coronary,atrial, ventricular,sinusal,andpericardial two coronary,auricular,sinusal,andatrioventricular two coronary,atrial, atrioventricular,ventriculo-atrialandventricular,parietal,and septal coronary,atrial, auricular,sinusal,and septal threecoronary,atrial, atrioventricular,marginal,andparietal

A tumor at the bifurcationof the tracheawould effect all ~ A. aorticarch B . superiorvenacava C. esophagus D. right recurrentlaryngealnerve E. deepcardiacplexus

576.

The origin and conductionsystemof the heartcomprisesthe: A. sinuatrialnode,the interatrialbundle,His bundle,right andleft branches B. sinuatrialnode,atrioventricularnode,His andHer bundle,superiorand inferior crura C. atrioventricularandatrial node,His bundle,right andleft crura,the internodaltracts D. sinuatrialnode,the atrioventricularnodeandbundle,the right andleft branches E. sinuatrialnode,the internodaland interatrial tracts,the AV nodeandbundle,the right and left branches

577

The superior,middle, and inferior lobesof the right lung havethe following numberof

. . . .

c

575

.

. . . .

c

right atrium right auricle right ventricle left ventricle left atrium

The arteriesof the heartare: A. B. C. D. E.

. .

.

D

Which of the following statementsis incorrect:

one of the following:

D

E

. . . . . . . .

bronchopulmonarysegments,respectively: A. B. C. D. E.

3,2,5 3,3,4 2,4,4 2,3,5 5,3,2

A

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

584.

The intercostalspaces: A. B. C. D. E.

585.

586.

arefilled by threelayersof musclebetweenthe costalcartilages containarteriesderivedfrom the aortaandinternalthoracicartery havethe primary neurovascular bundlelocatedalongthe superiorborderof eachrib are filled only by subcostalmuscleposteriorly containnerveswith only, sensoryand autonomiccomponents

Which of the following phrasesregardingthe posteriormediastinumis incorrect: A. B. C. D. E.

Pleura: A. is in direct contactwith the parietal layer of serouspericardiumat the baseof the heart B. hasa rich sensorynevesupplywhereit reflectsonto the surfaceof organs C . coversthe entirethoracicsurfaceof the diaphragm D. lines the costodiaphragmatic andcostomediastinal recesses E. separates the phrenicnervesfrom the mediastinum

588.

A patient is admittedto the hospitalwith dyspnea(shortnessof breath)and dysphagia(difficulty in swallowing). Shehas lived on a liquid diet for weeksand lost 340 pounds. From time to time, during coughingspells,the sputumshowedsomeblood. The patientstatesthat for the last few weeksshehasbecomequite hoarse.Fluoroscopyrevealsan obstructionat the level of the tracheal bifurcation. Blood in the sputumis the result of tumor invasionandulcerationpenetrationof the trachea.The vesselsmostprobablyinvolved which supplythe tracheaand esophagus are: A. branchesof subclavianartery B . bronchialarteriesanddirectvisceralbranchesof aorta C . intercostalarterialbranches D. internalthoracicvessels E. branchesof thepulmonaryarteries A patient is admittedto the hospitalwith dyspnea(shortnessof breath)and dysphagia(difficulty in swallowing). Shehaslived on a liquid diet for weeksand lost 340 pounds. From time to time, during coughingspells,the sputumshowedsomeblood. The patient statesthat for the last few weeksshehasbecomequitehoarse.Fluoroscopyrevealsan obstructionat the level of the tracheal bifurcation. As a result of its location anatomically,the tumor may also involve: A. B. C. D. E.

c

phrenicnerve vagusnervein posteriormediastinum left recurrentnerve right recurrentnerve greatersplanchnicnerve

587.

589.

D

includesthe vagi andsplanchnicnerves includesthe descendingaortaandazygosveins includesthe esophagus andthoracicduct includesthe phrenicnerves extendsfrom the 4th thoracicvertebrato the diaphragm

A patientis admittedto the hospitalwith dyspnea(shortnessof breath)and dysphagia(difficulty in swallowing). Shehaslived on a liquid diet for weeksand lost 340 pounds. From time to time, during coughingspells,the sputumshowedsomeblood. The patientstatesthat for the last few weeksshehasbecomequite hoarse.Fluoroscopyrevealsan obstructionat the level of the tracheal bifurcation. Hoarseness is dueto paralysisor compressionof the: A. B. C. D. E.

B

pleuralcavity lungs aorta pericardiumandheart all of the above(A-D)

D

B

E

~

.-

597.

Regardingthe mediastinum:

D

A. B. C. D.

the anteriormediastinumlies abovethe level of the pericardium the chief componentof the anteriormediastinumarethe pulmonaryartery andascendingaorta the superiormediastinumis locatedin front of the pericardiumandbehindthe sternum the superiormediastinumcontainsthe esophagus, trachea,thymusand greatervesselsof the heart (amongotherstructures) E. the thoraciccavity containsthe lungsand pleuraebut doesnot includethe mediastinum

. . . . .

598.

Regardingthe right atrium:

c

A. the fossaovalis is an interatrialstructureand maintainsa valve throughoutlife to direct blood flow B. both the superiorandinferior venaecavaeusuallyhavevalvesto directblood flow C. the inner surfaceof the atrium is generallysmooth,as is that of its counterparton the left side D. the sinusvenarumis anothernamefor the atrial auricle E. the tricuspid valve is notedfor its nodule(of Arantii) andlumulae

. . . . .

599. .

the tenn infundibulumis associatedwith the left ventricle the tenn vestibulerelatesto the right ventricle the membranousinterventricularseptumis the largestportion of the interventricularseptum the cardiacskeletonconsistsof fibrous or fibrocartilaginoustissuethat surroundsthe semilunar and atrioventricularopenings E. the atrial andventricularmusculatureare continuousandmusclebundlesinterdigitate

. . .

600,

.

. .

601

.

. .

602.

. . . . . . . . . . .

c.L

603

A

externalintercostalmuscle internal intercostalmuscle sternocostalmuscle subcostalmuscle transversusthoracicmuscle

Which of the following statementsis nQ1correct: A. B. C. D. E.

c

alwayssuppliesthe sinuatrialnode suppliesthe greatmajority of atrial andventricularmyocardium usually givesrise to the posteriorinterventricular(descending)artery hasthe largestlumenof the coronaryarteries noneof the above(A-D)

The anterior(external)intercostalmembraneis associated with the: A. B. C. D. E.

A

right coronaryarteryasit lies nearthe posteriorinterventricularsulcus right coronaryartery,nearits origin from the aorta left coronaryartery circumflexbranchof left coronaryartery anteriordescending branchof left coronaryartery

The "predominant"or "preponderant" coronaryartery: A. B. C. D. E.

.

.

The atrioventricularnodeis usuallxsuppliedby a branchof the: A. B. C. D. E.

.

.

D

A. B. C. D.

81

.

With referenceto theheart:

therearegenerally3 bronchialarteries,oneright andtwo left the bronchialveins emptyinto the azygosandhemi-azygosveins the bronchopulmonarylymph nodesare locatedat the bifurcationof the trachea the superficialanddeeplymphaticsof the lung do not freely anastomose in the lung the nervesupplyto the lung is by way of the vagusandthoracicsympathetics

D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

'!L)N"

OSSA

~T

l~

ATOM Y ..

THORiAX 61

Selectthe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

612

statement:

B

all the heartvalvesareheardbestat their approximateanatomicalposition both parasympathetic andsympatheticnerveshelp modulateheartcontraction sympatheticinnervationoriginatesfrom the brainstem both the inferior venacavaandcoronarysinusaredevoidof valves the SA nodeis locatednearthe openingof the coronarysinus

Selectthe incorrectstatement:

D

A. B. c. D.

lung tissueandpleuraarerelatedto the anteriorsurfaceof the heart the anteriorheartsurfaceis predominantlyfonnedby the right sideof the heart the pericardiumis anchoredto the diaphragmandsternum the apexof the heartis locatedin the regionof the 2nd intercostalspaceand is alsopart of its base E. the phrenicnervescrosstheheartbetweenpleuraandpericardium

.. . .

All A. B. C. D. E.

614

Regardingthe lung, selectthe ~ answer: A. the bronchopulmonary segmentsarerelatedto secondarybronchi B. the primary bronchusis generallyposteriorin the hilum C. the pulmonaryartery,at the hilum, usually is found anteriorand inferior to the bronchus D. the term diaphragmaticpleurausuallyrefersto a viscerallayer of pleura E. the horizontalfissureis usually at the level of the 6th rib

B

615,

Selectthe incorrectstatement: A. the pleuralcavity lies betweenvisceralandparietalpleura B. the majority portion of lung, as seenfrom a posteriorview, is the inferior lobe (eitherright or left) C. the left bronchuscrossesthe aortic archon its way to the lung D. the lungs andpleuraalmostmeet in the midsternalline behindthe sternum E. the lungsandpleuraoverlapor coverthe sympatheticchainsposteriorly

c

616

The left recurrentlaryngealnerveis associatedwith all but oneof the following:

B

.. . . . . . .

A. B. C. D. iE.

.

617.

~-i iP'i6 nti"~ "

; "'1

'i

~"'

,

~t~ " .

'

f:

.;:

I

,-; -",)

~~ r~'

" "

but one of the following is found in the posteriormediastinum: vagusnerves thoracicduct sympatheticchain splanchnicnerves esophagus

c

613.

8'

~

nQ

~IQTEST;I~Q

esophagus andtrachea superiorvenacava ligamentumarteriosum posteriorcricoarytenoidmuscle archof the aorta

The thoracicsplanchnicnervesare: A. sympatheticpreganglionicfibers originating in the spinalcord B . sympatheticpostganglionicfibers originatingin the sympatheticchain C . parasympathetic preganglionicfibers associated with the vagusnerve D. locatedin the middle mediastinum E. associatedwith spinalsegments1-5 in the thoracicregion

A

D

I

C\TE V4Jjfjc'.l,cli~V

"c",

J!:j

8

TcT~

"",Ct;

T ro

.

GROSS'AN~]OMY: THORAXv

626

Normal lymphatic drainageof the lung would includeall of the following lymph nodes~ A. paratracheal B. axillary C . parasternal D. bronchomediastinal E. hilar

627.

Structuresassociatedwith the right lung include all of the following ~: A. obliquefissure B . horizontalfissure C. impressionof the archof the azygosvein D. cardiacimpression E. impressionof the archof the aorta

E

628.

A normal A-P chestX-ray of the heart,will clearly demonstrateall of the following structures~: A. left atrium B. left ventricle C. right atrium D. right ventricle E. superiorvenacava

A

629

Which of the following is nQ!relatedto the right ventricle: A. trabeculaeseptomarginalis B. supraventricular crest C. infundibulum D. trabeculae carnae E. openingof the coronarysinus

E

630.

Which vesselscontributeto the blood supplyof the pericardium: A. pericardicophrenic artery B . musculophrenicartery C . bronchialartery D. esophageal artery E. all of the above(A-D)

E

631

All of the following may be consideredtributariesto the left brachiocephalicvein ~:

c

A. B. C. D. E. 632.

B

left vertebralvein left inferior thyroid vein azygosvein left superiorintercostalvein left internaljugular vein

The azygosvein receivesvenousblood from all of the following ~: A. B. C. D. E.

the:

right posteriorintercostalveins right anteriorintercostalveins right bronchialveins right ascendinglumbarvein hemiazygosvein

B

640.

Diseasesaffectingthe cardiacendocardiumandsubendocardium arelikely to effect all of the following ~ the: A. B. C. D.

641.

Selectthe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

642.

643.

c

statement:

the esophagus beginsat the level of the thyroid cartilage thereis a normal constrictionof the esophagus whereit crossesthe right bronchus thereis normalconstrictionof the esophagus whereit is crossedby the aortic arch the length of the esophagusis from C6 to T6 the esophagusis relatedin the posteriormediastinumwith the left ventricle

The left coronaryarteryusually suppliesall of the following ~ A. B. C. D.

the:

D

major portion of the interventricularseptum major portion of the left ventricle left atrium atrioventricularnode

The atrioventricularnodeis located: A. B. C. D.

B

atrioventricularbundle sinuatrialnode left.and/orright bundlebranches atrioventricularnode

anteriorto the coronarysinusostium in the interatrialseptum nearthe openingof the superiorvenacavainto the right atrium both A and B neitherA nor B

A

8

.

.. . . .

644.

The part of the peritoneumthat lines the abdominalstructuresis the: A. B. C. D. E.

A

visceralperitoneum parietalpleura visceralpleura parietalperitoneum visceralepiploon

. 645.

.

The branchesforming the marginalartery for blood supplyto the cecumand colon arethe: A. B. C. D. E.

. . . .

646.

. . . . .

647

. 8, .

ileocolic artery right andleft colic arteries sigmoid arteries middle colic arteries all of the above(A-D)

The openingof the gastroduodenal pylorus is a: A. B. C. D. E.

E

D

passiveeffect associated with relaxationof the sphincter passiveeffect involving longitudinaland circularmusclefibers synchronousactivecontractionof circular andlongitudinalfibers synchronousactivecontractionof longitudinalfibersandrelaxationof circular fibers synchronouscontractionof longitudinalfibers andrelaxationof the myentericplexus

A puncturewound in the right lumbarregion of the anteriorabdominalwall would penetrate,in order,the: A. skin => Camper'sfascia=> Scarpa'sfascia=> Colles'facia => musclelayers=> peritoneum=> transversalisfascia B. skin => Scarpa'sfascia=> Colles'fascia=> deepfascia=> transversalisfascia=> musclelayers=>

c

peritoneum C. skin => Camper'sfascia=> Scarpa'sfascia=> deepfascia=> musclelayers=> transversalisfascia => peritoneum D. skin => Colles' fascia=> Scarpa'sfascia=> deepfascia=> musclelayers=> transversalisfascia=>

. .

peritoneum E. skin => Camper'sfascia=> Scarpa'sfascia=> dartos=> musclelayers=> peritoneum=> transversalisfascia

. . .

648

The rectussheath: A. containsthe superiorandinferior epigastricarteries B. is incompleteposteriorlyabovethe level of the umbilicus C. is formedby the tendonsof the rectusabdominus,externaloblique,internal oblique,and transversusabdominusmuscle D. beginsat the arcuateline E. shouldalwaysbe avoidedduring surgicalapproaches to the abdomen

A

649,

The bare areaof the liver is limited by the laminaeof the:

B

. . . . . .

A. B. C. D. E.

. . . .

650.

;.. *. \t . . .

.I-

round (teres)ligament coronaryligament right and left triangularligaments hepatorenalligament gastrophrenicligament

All of the following arefeaturesof a portal tract area~: A. B. C. D. E.

portal vein branchof bile duct system hepaticartery hepaticvein connectivetissue

D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

658

The so-calledrenalfasciais: A. B. C. D.

659.

separatedfrom the kidney by a layer of perirenalfat separatedfrom the parietalperitoneumby a layer of adiposetissue both A and B neitherA nor B

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

660.

statementconcerningthe esophagus:

the esophagus beginsat the level of the thyroid cartilage thereis a normal constrictionof the esophagus whereit crossesthe right bronchus there is a normal constrictionof the esophagusat its level with the aorta the length of the esophagusis from C6 to T6 the esophagusis relatedin the posteriormediastinumwith the left ventricle

Indicatethe~

statement:

c

c

B

A. landmarksforming the letter H on the inferior aspectof the liver includefossafor ligamentum teres,fossafor ligamentumarteriosum,porta hepatis,fossafor the gallbladder,and fossafor the inferior venacava B. four hepato-venous segmentsdrain eight porto-bilio-arterialsegmentsof the liver C. D.

spiral-shaped folds of mucosa, called cervical valves, facilitate gallbladder emptying by increasing the rate at which bile is constructed the omental process of the pancreas is related to the left renal vein and duodenum just superior to the mesenterico-aortic angle

E. the bile duct is formedat the confluenceof right andleft biliary ducts 661

The proper oro-aboral order of the major digestive organs are:

E

A.

vestibule ~ fauces ~ pharynx ~ stomach ~ duodenum ~ small intestine ~ colon ~ rectum ~ anal canal ~ perineum ~ anus lB. oral cavity ~ fauces ~ nasopharynx ~ esophagus~ stomach ~ small intestine ~ jejunum ~ ileum ~ cecum ~ colon ~ rectum ~ anus c. oralcavity~ vestibule ~ pharynx ~ esophagus~ duodenum ~ ileum ~jejunum ~ colon ~ cecum ~ sigmoid ~ rectum ~ perineum ~ anal canal ~ anus D. vestibule ~ oral cavity proper ~ fauces ~ pharynx ~ stomach ~ ileum ~ duodenum ~ jejunum ~ colons ~ vennifonn appendix and cecum ~ rectum ~ anus E. vestibule ~ oral cavity proper ~ fauces ~ pharynx ~ esophagus~ stomach ~ duodenum ~ jejunum ~ ileum ~ cecum and vennifonn appendix ~ colons ~ rectum ~ anal canal ~ anus

8' .

I

. . . . .

662.

lndicate the~

statement:

B

A. threelineaetransverseareproducedby tendinousbandswhich interruptthe continuity of fibers of the externalabdominalobliquemuscle B. the epigastric,umbilical andpubic regionsaredescribedin the medianareaof the anterior abdominalwall Ic. the hypochondriacandthe inguinal regionsarelimited by the medialand lateralbordersof the musculuspyramidalis D. the retroabdominal,abdominopelvic,peritoneal,peritoneopelvicandretroperitonealcavitiesare synonymous

. . . . .

E.

.

the hypochondriac regions are limited by the epigastric, hypogastric and mesogastric lines and contain the liver and gallbladder

. . . . . . . .

..L

663,

,Indicatethe ~ statement: A. the liver occupiesthe left hypochondriacandpart of the epigastricregionin front of the stomach B. the hepatichilus is the portahepatisand containsthe hepaticpediclein the visceralaspectof the liver ~. the hepaticpediclecomprisesthe hepaticandcystic ducts,the portal vein, the celiac artery, nervesandlymphaticvessels D. the headof the pancreasis relatedto the splenorenalligamentandto the hilus of the spleen E. in the anterioraspectof the pancreastherearegroovesfor the portal vein, the inferior venacava and the abdominalportion of the aorta

B

673.

Scarpa'sfasciais continuouswith the: A. superficialfasciaof the thigh B . transversalisfascia C . externalspennaticfascia D. conjoin tendon E. membranousfasciaof the urogenitaldiaphragm

E

674

The free borderof the falciform ligamentcontains:

A

-,J

.

..

A. B. C. D. E.

. .

675

.

. . .

Which of the following is nQ!retroperitoneal: A. B. C. D. E.

.

676.

. .

D

the portionsof the duodenumderivedfrom the foregut headof thepancreas ascendingcolon appendix descendingcolon

Indicatethe ~ A. B. C. D. E.

.

the round (teres)ligament coronaryligament right and left triangularligaments hepatorenalligament dorsalligamentof the venacava

statement:

B

the spiral fold is found in the hepaticduct the pancreasis divided into the head,neck,body, andtail the spleenis locatedin the left epichondriacregion the falciform ligamentoriginatesfrom the right triangularligamentof the parietalperitoneum the cystic arterydrainsthe trigoneof the gallbladder

. .

677.

A. B. C. D. E.

. . . .

Houston'svalvesofKohlrausch folds areknown as:

678.

.

. . . .

679.

.

statement:

c

the pancreasis locatedin the epigastricandright hypochondriacregions the pancreasis divided into head,neck andtail the uncinateprocessprojectsmedially behindthe superiormesentericvessels the posteriorsurfaceof the headof the pancreasis relatedto the left crus the posterioraspectof the neckof the pancreasis coveredwith peritoneumand is adjacentto the pylorus

The conjoinedtendon(falx inguinalis) is fonned by the: A. B. C. D.

.

semilunarfolds of the colon the sigmoid-rectalfolds plicae obliquaerecti plicaetransversalis recti plicaetransversalisani

Indicatethe ~ A. B. c. D. E.

.

D

c

transverseabdominismuscleor its aponeurosis internal abdominalobliquemuscleor its aponeurosis both A and B neitherA nor B

. . . . . . .

L.

680.

Indicatethe ~ statement: A. transitionbetweendescendingcolon and sigmoidcolon occursat the level of the left iliac crest B. transitionbetweenthe sigmoid colon and rectumoccursat the midportion of the body of S1 C. there arethreeportionsof the sigmoid colon: iliac, pelvic, an genital D. the iliac portion of the sigmoid colon endsat the medial edgeof the right psoasmuscle E. the intersigmoidalrecessoccursat the anglebetweenthe pelvic and genitalportionsof the sigmoid colon

A