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28

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29

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38

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2.Kaspersky

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42

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3. F-Secure User-friendly jzpfwJh aemufxyf Anti-Virus av; wpfcu k F-Secure ukrP Ü &D UJ F-Secure av;ygyJ/ odyf

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44

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F-Secure : $ 64.00 http://www.f-secure.com computer journal rating-





uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; 4. PC-cillin

Trend Micro &JU PCcillin uawmh vG,ful ½dk; pif;wJh security suite wpfck yg/ Anti-virus eJY antispyware qdkwJh software functions awG aygif;pyf zJGU

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PC-cillin : $ 49.95 http://www./www.TrendMicro.com computer journal rating :




46

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; 5. NOD 32

System 32 qd k w J h virus [m zdkifawGudk ESpfq

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NOD32 : $ 39.00 http://www./www.eset.com computer journal rating-





48

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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6. McAfee

awGudk &yfwefY apEd k i f w ,f / xd y f x d y f M uJ tpGrf;tpawG v nf ; &S d a e w,f/ toH;k jyK&wmvJ vG,f w,f/ Update topfawG &Edkifw,f/ tJ'DvdkrsKd; software ud k (McAfee ud k ) tqihf 6 ay;xm;wJt h wGuf user awGeJY tuJjzwfawGeJY odYkavm? odYkavm ar;cGe;f awG Stript

50

program

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; Web browsing eJ Y internet download ud p ö awGudkawmh McAfee [m

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vdkY rSwfcsufay;&rSmygyJ/ Install vkyfief;pOfrSm b,fvdktcuftcJ jyóem awGudkrQ rawGUcJh&wJhtjyif McAfee &J U Anti-virus Emergency Response Team [m online ay:rSm

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McAfee : $ 39.99 http://www.McAfee.com http://www.softpedia.com computer journal rating-




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7. Norton

Security software awGeJY ywfouf&if Norton

[m rodolr&Sdatmif ausmf Mum;ygw,f/ Anti-Virus umuG,fa&;udkyJ pdkufvdkuf rwfwwf jyK vkyf cJh NyD; apwemaumif;awG yg0ifwJh xkwfukefawGudkyJ xkwfavh &Sdygw,f/ 2007 suite [m toHk;jyK&wm cufcJrI wpfpHk wpf&m r&So d vdk PC udk vHjk cHK

Norton : $ 39.99 http://www.symantec.com computer journal rating-




52

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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8. AVG

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54

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

ICSA atmif j rif N yD ; om; AVG rSm ausmfMum;wJh tools awGjzpfwJh ]On demand} eJY ]on-access scanning} [m level 1 udk atmif

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AVG :free and 38.95 http://www.free.grisoft.com computer journal rating-




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9. CA anti-virus

CA anti-virus : $ 49.99 http://www.ca.com computer journal rating-



56

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rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; 10. Norman Virus Control

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Norman Virus Control :$ 39.95 http://www.norman.com computer Journal rating -




58

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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60

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http://www.avast.com

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12. AVAST Avast udk Munfh&wm DVD player udk zGihfvSpf

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14. F-Prot Windows

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17. Microsoft One Care One Care udk arQmfvifh

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16. ViRobot Expert 'D software [m odyf

15. PC tools PC tools [m odyv f , G f NyD; users [m uGJjym;rIESpfckeJY scan ppfEdkifygw,f/ ]full scan} [m odyfaumif;NyD;

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62

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64

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tpGrf;xuf

Anti-Spyware

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SPY SWEEPER : $ 24.95 http://www.webroot.com/tools computer journal rating-





66

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

toHk; jyKwJh user rvdktyfwJh web site awGtjzpf ajymif; vJ ypf w wf M uygw,f / Homepage udk armifyi kd pf ;D cH &wJt h wGuf tJ'D homepage ay:rSm wifxm;wJh widget awGeJY wjcm; axG&mav;yg; awG tukev f ;kH &efoYl vufxJ usa&mufukefawmhwmaygh/ Spy sweeper &JU version topf 5.2 [m ajymif;vJrI topfawGeJY ay:aygufvmcJh NyD; keylogger awG&JU keylogging software awG disk udk hijack vkyfjcif; rsKd ; awG ? cookies awG u d k pepfwus umuG,&f iS ;f vif; ay;wmawGudk jyKvkyfay;Edkif w,f/ tu,fí user [m udpö&yfawGrSm ruRrf;usifcJh vQifawmifrS default taeeJY ]shield} 12 ckudk Run ay; ygvdrhfr,f/ Scan ppfNyD;wJh tcsdefrSm Reports xkwfjyef csufudk taotcsmzwf½INyD; od&EdS ikd w f ,f/ Spy sweeper [m oHo,jzpfzdkYaumif;wJh program awGudk user xJudk wdwfwqdwf run EdkifwmrsKd; udkawmh txl;wvnf apmihf MuyfaerSm jzpfygw,f/ Spyware eJY adware awGudk z,f&Sm;EdkifpGrf;udk

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; prf;oyf&mrSm 90 &mcdkifEIef; tpGrf;xufcJhNyD; EIdif;,SOfNyD; prf;oyfcJh&mrSm counterspy [m 85 &mcdkifEIef;eJY Trend Micro [m 80 &mcdkifEIef; toD;oD; &&SdcJhygw,f/ t oHk; jyK & vG,f NyD; ]sweep Now} qdkwJh ]tool} [m csufcsif; scan ppfygvdkY &nfñTef;wm jzpfygw,f/ toHk;jyKwJhvl&JU PC vHkjcHK a&;udk wnfaqmufumuG,f &mrSm ]Alerts} qdkwJh function [m tvGeftoHk;0if wmudk awGUcJ&h NyD; pdwfwdkif; us customize jyKvkyf wnf aqmufEdkifwJh tcGihfta&;udk ay;tyfxm;ygw,f/ txl; jyK file type awGudkvnf; ZGJBuD;BuD;eJY &SmazGppfaq;ay; wJhae&mrSm NydKifbufr&SdvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ tvG,fwul install vk y f E d k i f o vd k upgrade vkyf&mrSmvnf; ½dk; pif;ygw,f/ Webroot &JU website rS m FAQ awG wifay;xm;NyD; cdik rf mwJt h ajz eJY tultnDawG &Sdaeay;NyD; e-mial ydkYpOfrSm csufcsif; tajzay;ovdk phone call awG twGufvnf; wHkYjyefrI jrefqefygw,f/ PC toHk;jyKolawGudk tqifrajyjzpfatmif jyKvkyf NyD; tcsuftvufawGudk cdk; ,laewJh spyware eJY rvdk tyfwJh application awGudk wGef;vSefNyD; internet rSm ab;uif;vHkjcHKpGm pD;arsmEdkif zdkYawmh spy-sweeper u taumif;qHk;yg/

2.COUNTER SPY Counter spy eJY spy sweeper wdkY[m AMD eJY Intel vdkygyJ/ vrf;aMumif;

wl enf;ynmavmuydkif;rSm olwpfvn S ?hf ud, k f wpfvn S hf OD;aqmif&if;eJY PC udk tum tuG,f ay;aecJh&mrS 2005 ckEpS u f a&Twq H yd f & cJh wJh counter spy [m tck eHygwf 2 ae&mudk usqif;oGm;cJhyg w,f/ Adaware awGvdk od omxif&mS ;wJh software awG udk z,f&Sm;ypfwJh ae&mrSm awmh Anti-spyware awG [m t&nftcsif; roJuGJvS ayr,fh tjcm; Root-kit rsm; ESifh tEÅ&m,faumif topf rsm;&JU&efudk umuG,f&mrSm awmh xdyfwef;tqifh qdkwm [m odomuGjJ ym;pGm ay:vGif vmcJh&pjrJyg/ Counter spy

[m xdyfwef;tqihfwifru bJ wu,fu h t kd m;ud;k Edik pf &m utility wpfckyg/ $ 19.95 wef aomhcavmufav;eJY qifwv l w S hJ counter spy rSm tm;ud;k avmufp&m cdik rf mwJh tools oHk;ckyg0ifvmNyD; user friendly jzpfapwJh &Sif;vif; wJh interface &Sdygw,f/ Internet udk login 0if vdkufNyD;aomtcgrSm spy ware &efp, G u f kd BudKwif um uG,fzdkY scan pwif ppfaq; xm;Edkifygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm software u user &JU aemuf uG,fuae pepfwpfckvHk;udk rSefuefatmif ppfaq;ay;ae NyD; rouFmp&mtcsuf wpfck ck awGUwmeJY csucf si;f owif; ay; taMumif;Mum;rSmyg/ ]System tools} rSm yg0ifwJh function awG[m rod em;

COUNTER SPY : $ 19.95 http://www.counterspy .com computer journal rating-





uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

rvnfwJh vlawGudkawmif &if;ESD;oGm;apEdkifwJh ]plain English} toHk;tEIef;eJYrdkY auseyfavmufp&m jzpfay r,fh PC &JU speed udk rod romav; aES;auG;oGm;ap Edkifwmudkawmh awGUcJh&yg w,f/ Categories av;ck e J Y cJGjcm; wnfaqmufxm;wJh counter spy [m vSywJh tqif;vnf;&So d vdk cookies awGudk &Sif;Edkif? apmihfMunfh EdkifwJhtcsif;vnf; jynfhpHkyg w,f / Counter spy &J U website rSm yg0ifwJh FAQ awG? tultnDawG[m tcrJh zefwD;ay;xm;NyD; update awGukd tvG,w f ul&Edik af tmif pDpOfay;xm;ygw,f/ vlopf wef;awGuae Expert user awGtxdyg pDpOfay;xm;wm rdkY fantastic jzpfw,fvdkY awmif ajymqdkEdkifygw,f/ Spyware awGukd &SmazG&mrSm &mcdkifEIef; avsmhuscJhwmrdkY tqifh 1 eJY vGJcJh&w,f/

67

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; 3. TREND MICRO

ud k awmuf y wJ h pGrf;tm;awG&&SdNyD; vHkjcHKa&; udk tjynft h 0 tumtuG,f ay;r,fh aemufxyf wpfcku awmh Trend Micro yg/ tqifh (3) udk usqif; cJh&wmawmh em;vnfEdkifpGrf; tm;enf;wJh ynm&Sif pum; vHk; wcsKdU oHk;xm;vdkYygyJ/ spyware awGudk disable jyK wm;qD;xm;EdkifNyD; definition update awGudk 0,foHk; r,fh $ 29.35 wef package ydkif&SifawGtwGuf wpfESpfpm zefwD;ay;xm;Edkifygw,f/ Trend rSm ]internet browPC

ser history} Media player history, temp files, pwJh

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xm;Edkifygw,f/ Trendmicro [m Online rSm help section wpfck wnfaqmufxm;NyD; contanct form awGuae wpf qihf help line tajzrsm;udk &,lEdkifovdk FAQ awGrSm

vnf; erlem ar;cGef;aygif; rsm;pGm &SmazG Munfh½IEdkifyg w,f/

TREND MICRO :$ 29.95 http://www. trendmicro/anti-spyware computer journal rating-




68

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg;

rdkbdkif;vfzkef;Adkif;&yfpfrsm;taMumif; rdb k ikd ;f vfzek ;f Adik ;f &yfpf

Wiki &JUtvdkt&

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2007 udk Mobile Web ESpfvdkY wifpm; ac:qdkMuwmeJYtwl rdkbdkif;vfAkdif;&yfpfawG&JU vm;&mvrf;aMumif;udk tukev f ;kH u rsupf ad 'guf axmuf Munfah eukeMf uNyD/ cyfi,fi,f twdwf uvdk wpfydómavmufav;wJh zkef;vufudkif BuD;udk rEdkifreif;BuD; rçNyD; vufñId;awG? vuf cv,fawG emavmufatmif eHygwfvSnfh&wm r[kwfawmhwJhtwGuf rdb k ikd ;f vfzek ;f vHjk cHKa&;u tifrwef ta&;BuD;vmNyD/ NyD;awmh ]tuGm ta0;}/ wdk;wufvmwJh enf;ynmawGu tuGm ta0;udk csHKUypfvdkufNyDav/ omref zkef;wpfvHk; [m tbdZÑmrsm;vSwJh program awG? ynm&Sif qefqefajym&&if Malicious code a&;xm;wJh aqmhzf0JawG uyfNidvdkYuawmh bmrQ odyfrjzpf ao;bl;/ udk,fjzpfudk,fcHyJav/ 'gayr,fh tJ'Dzkef;[m Network csdwfquf xm;w,fqdk&if ('DxufydkNyD;) wireless quf oG,frIawGeJY tifwmeufudk ]browsing} vkyfae r,fqdk&if zkef;wifrubJ plam OS, PDA eJY wjcm; rsKd;EG,fwl device awGtwGuf jyóem wpfck twdtusjzpfygw,f/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; awG & J U taESmifht,Suf ay; rI udk tvl;tvJ cH&wm[m yDpD wifr[kwfbJ zkef;rSmawmif vmjzpfae&if t"dyÜm,f odyf r&Sdawmhbl;aygh/ jzpfwmu'Dvdk/ ]Ojam} qdkwJhukrÜPD[m *drf;awGeJY wjcm; uav;BudKufaqmhz0f J av;awG xkwfvkyfw,f/ ol u zke;f awGay:rSmaqmhupm; Malware

Edik w f hJ ayghayghyg;yg; *dr;f av; awGvnf; xkwfvkyfw,f/ wpfaeYom;rSmawmh olwdkY xkwfwJh ]Mosquito} qdkwJh rdkbdkif;vfzkef;*drf;rSm w&m; r0if cdk;ul;wJhvlawG? usL; ausmf apmfum;NyD; jzefYa0rI vkyfwJhvlawG? tJ'DvlawG&JU ab;tEÅ&m,fuaeumuG,f zd k Y ? ] Anti-piracy} aygh / ]Trojan} av; wpfrsKd;udk y½dk

*&rfav; a&;qJNG yD; olY*rd ;f xJ rSm xnfo h iG ;f xm;vdu k w f ,f/ tJ'DrSm pawGUwmyJ/ User awGu tJ'D game udk pirate vkyNf yD; w&m;r0if cd;k Mu? ul; Mu? aqmhMueJY aysmfcsifwdkif; aysmaf eMuwJt h csed rf mS ukrP Ü D rSm &SdwJh rdcif server qDudk zkef;uaeNyD; ]text} message awG? ]SMS} awGaygh/ ]a[m 'DrSm cifAsm;&JU *drf;udk 'DieJ

Mobile Phone Virus Time Line Date 2004-JUN

Name

]Cabir}

Creater 2qa

2004-AUG ]Mosquito}

Ojam

2004-NOV skulls.A,

unknow

2004-DEC ]Midropper}

unknown

2005-FEB

]locknout}

unknown

2005-APR Fontal

unknown

2005-APR hobbes

unknown

2005-JUL Booton

unknown

2005-JUL Skudoo B

unknown

2005-SEP

]midropper B}

unknown

2005-OCT ]Commwarrior- unknown 2005-DEC Sender X

unknown

2006-FEB Red Browser

unknown

2006-MAR FlexiSpy

unknown

2006-AUG Comwarrior-D unknown 2006-SEP

Midropper-C

unknown

Remark Malware trsKd;tpm;/ Symbain Series 60 rsm;wGif tEÅ&m,fodyfr&Sd/ Proof-of-concept

awGU&\/

rSwpfqifh ul;puf\/ SMS udk zkef;ydkif&Sif rodap&bJ ukrÜPDxHodkY jyefvnfay;ydkY\/ trojan trsKd;tpm;/ phone \ icon rsm;udk olYudk,fydkif icon rsm;jzifh tpm;xdk; vJvS,f\/ aqmhzf0Jvfudk pwifzsufqD;\/ malware trsKd;tpm;/ vHkjcHKa&;tpDtrHtm;vHk;udk jyefvnf wdkufcdkuf\/ system udk zsufypfonf/ wdkufcdkufrI t&Sdef jrihfvmcJhonf/ tvdktavsmuf log out csNyD; data rsm;udk zsufqD;ypfonf/ malware trsKd;tpm; symbian \ OS udk xyfrH wdkufcdkuf\/ Nokia udk t½IH;ay: ap\/ Malware trsKd;tpm;? trojan trsKd;tpm;/ npfnrf;aom ½kyfyHkrsm;udk jyoay;\/ zJ*drf; wpfcktoGiftaejzifh ysHUESHY\/ malware trsKd;tpm; malware trsKd;tpm;/ vHjk cHKa&;pepfuw kd u kd cf u kd Nf yD; olYukd z,f&mS ; rypfEdkif&ef BudK;pm;\/ malware trsKd;tpm;/ wallpaper wGif npfnrf;yHkrsm; wif\/ spyware ESifhyg csdwfqufpjyKvm\/ zkef;ydkif&Sif\ tcsuftvufrSeforQudk ]text} zdkiftaejzihf ajymif; vJum ydkif&SifxHodkY jyefydkYonf/ zkef;cGefudk ydkrdk wdk;yGm;ap&ef MuH&G,fonf/ trojan trsKd;tpm;/ GPS pepfuae wpfqifh server rsm;qDodkY data rsm;udk cdk;,lvTihfxkwfay;\/ Malware/ MMS ESifh bluetooth network rsm;rS wpfqifh ul;puf\/ Data rsm;udk zsufqD;ypf\/ Function tukefvHk;udk zsufqD;\/ Menu rsm;udk ESdyfí r&ap&ef jyKvkyfxm;\/ Malware trsKd;tpm; Mosquito Game

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

awG cdk;ul;xm;Muw,f}vdkY ukrP Ü u D kd wdww f qdwf jyef ydkYEdkifatmif pDpOfxm;w,f/ 'DtaMumif;udk zkef;uvnf; r&dyfrdbl;/ tJ'Dvdkenf;eJY ] Mobile Virus} jyóem pjzpfcJhwmygyJ/ tck x k w f w J h ] Mosiquto } version topf r S m awmh tJ'D ]Malware} ryg awmhbl;/ t&ifu version ta[mif;awGrSmawmh &Sdae wk e f ; yJ / Free software download website awG? file sharing site awG ? crack and hack site awGrmS awmh qufNyD; jzefYcsdaewkef;? ul;,l aumfyyD mG ;aeMuwke;f yJ vdkY qdkygw,f/ 2004 ckESpf ZGefva&mufawmh ynm&Sif awG [ m ] cabir } qd k w J h malware code wpfrsKd;udk rdb k ikd ;f vfzek ;f awGrmS pawGUcJ&h w,f / 'gayr,f h 'g[m ]proof-of-concept} qdkwJh wDxiG zf efw;D olrsm;u ]igwdYk vkyfEdkifw,f/ owdxm;Mu} qdkwJh tcsufay; y½dk*&rf wpfckyJjzpfNyD; tEÅ&m,f BuD; BuD;rm;rm; ul;puf ysHUESHYcJh jcif; r&Sdyg/ tm;enf;wJh 'D

71

rsuEf mS zH;k aqmif;yg; tzsuf & ef u d k Sym-bain ukrP Ü x D w k f ]series 60} awG rSm awGUcJh&w,f/ 2004 Mo *kwf v rSm awmh ]Mosquito} &JU Malware ay:vmcJhw,f/ *drf; uaewpfqifh ul;pufcJhMu wmjzpfNyD; pmom;ay;ydYk raI wG eJY rdcif phone server awG qDudkzkef;ydkif&Sifrod&atmif jyKvkyfp jyKvmMuavNyD/ tJ'DESpf&JU Edk0ifbmv rSm t½d;k acgif;yHak wGeYJ trojan wpfrsKd;[m wdkufcdkufrI tae eJ Y pwif c J h w ,f / ol Y ud k ]skulls} vdYk ac:NyD; icon awG &JU ½kyfyHkawGae&mrSm t½dk; acgif;yHkawGeJY tpm;xdk;cJhNyD; zkef;ay:rSm oHk;wJh aqmhzf0J awG u d k b,fvdkrQ tvkyf rvkyEf ikd af tmif pwifzsufq;D cJhw,f/ 2005 ck E S p f ? rwf v a&muf a wmh ] Symbain } xkwf ]series 60} zkef;awGrSm

]Commwarrior-A} trnf& wJh computer worm wpfrsK;d wd k u f cd k u f cH c J h & w,f v d k Y owif; xkwfjyefcJhMuw,f/ tJ'D worm [m zkef;&JU multimedia messaging system (MMS) rSm xyfwvJvJ

Mobile Phone Anti-Virus Software

aumfyD;yGm;wJh tEÅ&m,fawG udk ay;w,f/ qdkawmh tJ'D worm [m zkef;ydkif&Sif quf oG,fxm;wJh contact vdyf pmawG rSeforQudk tvdkvdk qufoG,fNyD; olYudk,fyGm; awGudk tJ'D vdyfpmzkef;awG xJudk zkef;ydkif&Sif ta,mif aqmif N yD ; yd k Y vT w f w ,f / txl;taxG tEÅ&m,fray; ayr,fh rdb k ikd ;f vfzek ;f avmu rSmawmh rkew f ikd ;f xefNyDqdkwm tukev f ;kH owdxm;vmcJMh u w,f/ tJ'Daemufydkif;rSmawmh rdkbdkif;vfzkef;awG&JU &ifckef oHawG qlyGuf jyif;xefvm cJhawmhwmygyJ/

[m PC avmurSm emrnf&NyD;om; ukrÜPDjzpfNyD; zifvefEdkifiHrSm tajcpdkufum user awG tm; udk;&EdkifavmufwJh AntiVirus software awG u d k xkwv f yk f jzefYcsdaecJyh gw,f/ ½k & S m ;twwf y nm&S i f awGeJY zJGUpnf;xm;wJh Kaspersky [m tckqdk&if Mobile Phone awG r S m &S d w J h tEÅ&m,fawGudk umuG,fzdkY Kaspersky

Anti-Virus for Mobile Phone (trail version) udk

xkwfa0cJhygNyD/ Beta udk prf;oyfoHk;pGJ &mrSm On-demand Scanner [m file system eJ Y oHo,jzpfp&mzdik af wG (Malicious code) awGudk ao csmpGm ppfaq;ay;ygw,f/ zkef;qufaepOfrSmvJ Onaccess scanner [m zkef; t0ifeJY txGufrSm objects awGudk ppfaq; ydkif;jcm;ay; ygw,f/ Memory card awGu ae wpfqihf Install vkyfEdkif

support types Nokia,760, 6600// N-Gage QD// N-Gage 3660, 3620, 3650, 3600, 6670, 6630, 6260, 6620, 7650, 3230, 6680, 6681, 6682 //SonyEricsson: P900//Siemens: SX1//SamSung: SGH D710//Panasonic: x700, x800 // Lenovo: P930//Sendo: X, X2

72

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

NyD; information eJY Data base udk (file size, date eJY properties) awGukd Details jyoay;Edkifygw,f/ oHo, &SdwJh file type awG? trSm; t,Gif;&SdwJh code awGudk vnf; jyoay;ygw,f/ t0if Message awGtwGuf ppf aq;&mrSm wm0efodNyD; &J&ifh wJh wHcg;rª;wpfa,mufeJY ydkwlNyD; Virus udk owfr,f qdk&if toHeJY ]Virus detected} qdkwJh taMumif;udk tcsufjyay;ygr,f/ WAP eJ Y internet GPRS pepfawGudk aeYpOf update vkyfay;jyD; website URL rSm Virus-definitionupdate awGudk &,lEdkifyg w,f/ Spam awGudkvJ &Sif; vif;ay;NyD; user &JU Inbox udk oefY&Sif;aeatmif tjrJ jyKvkyfxm;ygvdrhfr,f/ trail version udk download cszYkd vdypf mu (http://www. kaspersky.com/ trails? chapter= 171229147 jzpf

NyD; atmufyg trsKd;tpm; twGuf tultnD&NyD; support ay;EdkifNyD; virus, malware eJY wjcm; trojan pwJh file awGudk &Sif;vif;ay;yg vdrhfr,f/

rdb k ikd ;f vfzek ;f Adik ;f &yfprf sm;

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qd;k qd;k &Gm;&Gm; virus awGukd b,fvkd owfMurvJ/ Adkif;&yfpf0ifaeNyD[k odvdkufonfESifh uRef awmfwdkY yxrqHk; vkyfMuonfrSm antivirus aqmhzf0Jwpfckckudkwifí scan vkyfNyD; Adkif;&yfpf owfMuygonf/ 'gayr,fh qdk;qkd;&Gm;&Gm; Adkif; &yfpfrsm;? system file rsm;udk wG,fNidaeonfh Adkif;&yfpfrsm;ESifh Windows pepfukd ysufjym;ap aomAdkif;&yfpfrsm;eJY BuHKawGY&wJhtcgrSmawmh tcufawGYMu&\/ System File udk Antivirus program u Adkif;&yfpfuyfndaeonf[kqdkum zsufzdkYBudK;pm;ygvdrfhrnf/ zsufcGifhr&ygu Adkif; &yfpf uif;pifrnfr[kwfyg/ zsufcGifh&aomfvnf; Windows u ¤if;zdi k u f dk toH;k jyKvdo k nft h cg &Sm rawGYojzifh pufvnfywfru I x kd cd u dk Ef idk yf gonf/ Adik ;f &yfpu f u dk af eaom system file udk scan vkyf onfhtcgwkdif; Windows restart usjcif;? wpfcgwpf&H windows vHk;0 wufrvmjcif;wdkY onf uRefawmfwdkYBuHKawGY&aom tcuftcJrsm; yif jzpf\/ em;vnf wwfuRrf;olrsm;udk ar; jref;&mwGif [mh'f'pfudk format cs&efom wkduf wGef;Mu\/ [mh'f'pfudk format cs&efrSm tajym vG,foavmuf vkyf&cufygonf/ rdrd\ Data rsm;? email rsm;? software rsm;ESifh window setting rsm; qHk;½HI;ygonf/ xdkYjyif window jyef wif&jcif;? software rsm; jyef install vkyf&jcif; ESifh window setting rsm; jyef jyif&jcif;aMumifh tcsdefukefumvlyifyef;ygonf/ wpfukd,fa&oHk;

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uGeyf sLwmrsm;wGif rodomaomfvnf; network rsm;csdwfqufí 24 em&D toHk;jyKae&aom ukrÜPDrsm;ESifh wefzdk;BuD; Data rsm; odrf;qnf; xm;aomukrÜPDrsm;wGif qHk;½HI;rIrsm;pGm &SdEkdifyg onf/ 'DvdktajctaersKd;rSm uRefawmfwdkYtwGuf a&G;cs,fp&menf;vrf;ESpfrsKd; &Sdygonf/ Hard Disk udk Format csp&mrvdb k J Adik ;f &yfpf uif;pif NyD; Windows usef;rmapr,fh enf;vrf;aumif; awGaygh/ yxrenf;rSm Adkif;&yfpf xdxm;aom [mh'f'pfukdjzKwfí wjcm; uGefysLwmwGif slave taeESifhwyfqifNyD; virus scan vkyfjcif; jzpfyg onf / 'gayr,f h þenf ; onf hardware ruRrf;usifolrsm;ESifh uGefysLwmwpfvHk;wnf; &Sdolrsm;twGuf tqifrajyEkdifyg/ tqiftajyqHk; 'kwd,enf;rSm Adkif;&yfpf xdaeaom Hard Disk jzifh boot rwufbJ CD wpfcsyfay:&Sd windows jzifh boot wufum [mh''f pfukd scan vkyjf cif;jzpfygonf/ Boot CD jzifh scan vkyf&ef vdktyfaom ypönf;rsm;rSm 1. Boot CD wpfcsyf 2. CD-Drive wpfck 3. Norton Antivirus Standalone Program 4. Norton Virus definition (Update) 5. Windows CD wpfcsyf

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGefysLwmAdkif;&yfpfrsm; tjywf&Sif;enf; vdktyfcsufrsm;udkjyifqifjcif; - Boot CD wpfcsyfudk zefwD;yg/

Norton Antivirus

- http://www.nu 2.nu /pebuilder rS PE Builder software udk tcrJh &,lyg/ - PE Builder software udk install vkyfyg/ - Start → All Program → PE Builder → PE Builder ukdzGifhyg/ - CD Drive xJodkY Windows CD udk xnfhyg/

Virus difinition ukd http://www. symantec.com ESifh standalone program udk http://www. excellentlab.uni.cc rS download &,lyg/ Note : Boot CD ESifh Virus owf&ef oD;oefY zefwD;xm; aom virus definition CD udk uGefysLwm*sme,fodkY quf

oG,f rSm,lEkdifygonf/ - Norton virus definition udk Extract vkyfyg/ - File name udk virus Def [kajymif;yg/ - ¤if; folder xJrS VIRSCAN udk Win RAR (http:// www.rarlab.com) software udk toHk;jyKNyD; Extract here vkyfyg/ - VIRSCAN Folder ES i f h Support Folder ud k CD wpfcsyfay:odkY ul;yg/ - Boot CD udk CD Drive xJodkY

xnfhyg/ - Windows udk Restart csyg/ - Bios xJudk0ifNyD; First Boot Device udk CD Drive xm;yg/ Save and Exit vkyfNyD; xGufyg/ - Bart PE ESifh Boot wufvmonfhtcg network support - PE Builder \ source rS windows CD \ path udk

a&G;ay;yg/ (eg: CD Drive letter u E: qdkvQif E: [k a&G;ay;yg/) - Media output rSm Burn to CD\DVD udka&G;yg/ - CD Writer xJodkY CD tvGwfwpfcsyf xnfhyg/ - Build udk ESdyfyg/

- Boot CD wpfcsyfudk atmifjrifpGm zefwD;EdkifygNyD/ Note: tckazmfjycJhwJh step rsm;udk rvkyfwwfbl;? tcuf

tcJBuHKawGYaew,fqdk&ifawmh uGefysLwm*sme,fodkY quf oG,fí boot CD wpfcsyf rSm,lEkdifygonf/

vkyfrSmvm; ar;onfhtcg Yes udka&G;í Dynamic IP Address udk a&G;ay;yg/ - Antivirus CD udk CD Drive xJodkY xnfhay;yg/ - Go → Run → Browse udkoGm;í (CD Drive letter)\ Support → Prescan → PreScan-Drive-c udk a&G;í Scan vkyfyg/ (D: Drive udk Scan vkyfcsifvQif PreScan- Drive -D udk a&G;yg/) - awGY&SdorQ virus tm;vHk;udk zsufypfyg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

81

uGefysLwmAdkif;&yfpfrsm; tjywf&Sif;enf; Backdoor .Glupzy

tjcm;trnf trsKd;tpm;

- Windows udk restart vkyfyg/ - Windows CD xnfhyg/ - Press any key to boot from CD key wpfckckudk ESdyfay;yg/

pmom; jrif&ygu

- Troj/ Glupzy-A [Sophos] - Trojan Horse

Infection Length - 21185 bytes ul;pufEkdifaom - Windows 2000, Windows 95, OS trsKd;tpm; Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows NT, Windows Server 2003. umuG,fowfjzwf - July 21, 2006 aemufykdif; xGuforQ Ekdifaom virus virus definition tm;vHk; definition

zsufqD;rIpGrf;tm; - edrfh vkyfaqmifcsuf - toHk;jyKol\ password udk ajymif; vJypfjcif;

- Welcome to Setup Screen udk jrif&ygu enter ESdyfyg/

enf;ynmtcsut f vuf - Backdoor Glupzy onf uGefysLwmxJodkY wdwfwqdwf 0ifa&muf yke;f atmif;NyD; toH;k jyKol\ account password udk ajymif;vJypfEdkifaom trojan horse trsKd;tpm; jzpfyg onf/ - Backdoor Glupzy trojan onf uGey f sLwmxJoYkd 0ifa&muf NyD;aemuf atmufazmfjyyg vkyaf qmifcsurf sm;udk vkyaf qmif ygonf/ vkyaf qmifcsuf (1) % User Profile % \ Start Menu\ Programs\ Startup\ System ID-pif ESifh % System % \ Flashy.exe [laom file 2 file udk zefwD;ygonf/

- Licensing Agreement Screen udk

jrifawGYvQif F8 udk

ESdyfay;yg/ - Window udk repair vkyfrvm;ar;vmvQif R udkESdyfí repair vkyfay;yg/ - Setup u nTefMum;orQudk vkdufvH aqmif&Gufyg/ - ,cktcg oifonf virus uif;pifaom uGey f sLwm wpfv;kH

Note: 57 % User Profile % onf a,bk,s emrnfjzpfí uGefysLwm wpfv;kH ESihf wpfv;kH rwlnED idk yf g/ Oyrmtm;jzifh zippy [laom username jzifh login vkyfxm;aom uRefawmfhuGefysLwmwGif % User Profile% vrf;aMumif;onf C:\Documents and Settings \Zippy jzpfygonf/ % System % onf Windows system folder vrf;aMumif; jzpfí rsm;aomtm;jzifh C:\Windows\System 32 (or) C:\Winnt\System 32 jzpfygonf/

udk ykdifqkdifaysmf&TifEkdifygNyD/

82

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGefysLwmAdkif;&yfpfrsm; tjywf&Sif;enf; vkyaf qmifcsuf (2) - Tools menu rS folder option vkyfaqmifcsufudk azsmuf ypfygonf/ - uGefysLwmpzGifhvQif Flashy.exe udk run apygonf/ - File rsm;\ extension rsm;udk azsmufypfygonf/ - Hidden file rsm;udk rjrif&atmif azsmufxm;wwfygonf/ - Windows network share rsm;udk &yfypfygonf/ - Telnet service udk toHk;jyKNyD; Administrator account \ password udk ajymif;ypfygonf/ &Si;f vif;jcif;ESijhf yifqifjcif; - Antivirus Program wpfckckudk install vkyfyg/ (eg: norton antivirus ) - uGefysLwmudk restart csyg/ - Virus definition udk update vkyfyg/ - uGefysLwmudk full scan run yg/ - &SmazGawGY&Sdaom virus ESifh trojan rsm;udk zsufypfyg/ - uGefysLwmudk restart csyg/ ,cktcg oifhuGefysLwmonf virus uif;pifoGm;NyD jzpf aomfvnf; ¤if;wdkY 'ku©ay;zsufqD;oGm;aom Windows setting rsm;udk jyKjyif&efvdkygonf/ yxrOD;qHk; vuf&Sd Windows udk repair vkyfyg/ repair vkyfaqmifrINyD;qHk;oGm; vQif Registry Editor udk toH;k jyKNyD; jyifqifrrI sm; vkyaf qmif &ygrnf/ owdxm;&rnfhtcsufrSm Registry Editor udk

vkyaf qmifcsuf (2) Folder Option ud k jyef v nf a c:,l & ef HKEY_ CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\ Current Version\Policies\Explorer odYk a&mufatmif oGm;í "NoFolder Options" = "1" [laom pmom;udk a&G;í zsuf

yg/ vkyaf qmifcsuf (3) File extension rsm;udk jyefvnfjrifawGYap&ef HKEY_ CURRENT_USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ Current Version\Explorer\Advanced odkY a&mufatmif oGm;í 'HideFile Ext' = '1' udk a&G;ízsufyg/ Hidden jzpfae aom folder rsm;udk jrifawGYap&ef "Hidden" = '2' [laom

pmom;udkvnf; zsufay;yg/ Registry Editor udk rukdif&Jbl; qdkygu uGefysLwm *sme,frS a&;om;xm;aom repair folder options tool udk http://isoft.ygn.cc/computer/virus/repairFQ_Tool .zip rS download &,lyg/

toHk;jyKí jyifqifjcif;onf tEÅ&m,fESifh tvGefeD;uyfNyD; trSm;rcHaom vkyfief;pOf jzpfygonf/ rSm;,Gif;oGm;ygu Windows operating system (pufvnfywfr)I udk xdcu dk Ef idk f ojzifh backup t&if vkyfxm;oifhygonf/ ,ck Backdoor. Glupzy u 'ku©ay;cJhaom Windows setting rsm;udk jyifqifygrnf/ internet connection udk t&ifjzKwfyg/ xdkYaemuf - Start - Run udk zGifhyg/ - regedit [k½dkufí Registry Editor xJodkY0ifyg/ vkyfaqmifcsuf(1) HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\ Software \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run okYd a&mufatmifomG ; í "Flashy Bot" = % System% Flashy.exe [laom

pmom;udk a&G;í zsufyg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

83

Plus Deck - Cassette Converter

wpfcsdefu aw;*Dwazsmfajza&; cHpm;rIrsm;udk uufqufrsm;jzifhom &,lEkdifchJMuonf/ uufqufrsm;onf ,aeYwkdif EkdifiHawmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif toHk;csaeMuqJ jzpfonf/ okdYaomf ,aeYacwfonf 'D*spfw,fud&d,mrsm;jzifhom aw;*Dwrsm;udk cHpm;Muawmhonf/ xkdtcg ,cifu uufqufrsm;jzifh pkaqmif;&&Sdxm;aom aw;*Dw oDcsif;rsm;udk 'D*spfw,fyHkpHjyK&ef vkdtyfvmygawmhonf/ tqkdygudpöudk jznfhqnf;rI ay;Ekdif&eftwGuf Plus Deck Converter xGufay:vmjcif;[k rSwf,lEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;onf rdrdyDpD uGefysLwm\ internal drive bay vGwfae&mwGif wyfqif,lEkdifonf/ CD/DVD drive t&G,ftpm;rsm;ESifh twlwl ae&mwus zefwD;Ekdif&ef pDpOf aqmif&Gufxm;&Sdonf/ ¤if;ESifhtwl Plus deck 2C aqmhzf0J toifhyg&SdvmNyD; Windows yDpDuGefysLwmrsm;wGif toifh wyfqif toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ rdrdyDpD\ processor rSm tedrfhqHk; Pentium III 700 MHz &Sdae&ygrnf/ rdrd toGifajymif;vkdaom aw;*Dwrsm;ygonhf uufqufacGudkxnfhum digital files tjzpf ajymif;vkduf½Hkom jzpfonf/ MP3 format udk cGifhjyKxm;ygonf/

wiREVO Bluetooth Wireless Headset iPod tygt0if music player wpfckck odkYr[kwf qJvfzkef;wpfckckjzifh qufoG,f toHk;jyKEkdifrnfh Wireless headset wpfck jzpfonf/ wiREVO onf Bluetooth

pepfjzifh vkyfaqmifay;rnfjzpfaomaMumifh BudK;rsm; ½IyfaxG;ayGvDrI taESmifht,Suf uif;aponf/ BudK;rhJpepfudk ay 30 tuGmtxd cGifhjyKxm;onf/ w,fvDzkef;ac:oHudk em;MuyfrSmyif Mum;Ekdifap&ef pDpOfxm;í Mum;vQifMum;csif; cvkwfudk ESdyfvkdufonfhtcg tvdktavsmuf w,fvDzkef; qufoG,fajymqkdEkdifaom tcGifhtvrf; &oGm;aponf/ 24 bit stereo audio pepfjzpfjcif;aMumifh toHt&om jynhfpHkpGm cHpm;Ekdifonf/ HSP (headset profile), HFP (hands-free profile) A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile) ESifh AVRCP (Audio Video Remote Control Profile) tm;vHk;udk yhHykd; aqmif&Gufay;onf/ wiREVO udk tajccHyHkpHjyK WRHS 30 armf',fjzifhvnf;aumif;? tqifhjrifh WRH-H20 armf',fjzifhvnf;aumif; &&SdEkdifonf/ WRHS 30 armf',fukd 99 a':vmjzifh aps;EIef; owfrSwfí WRH H20 armf',fudk

109 a':vmjzifh aps;EIef; owfrSwfxm;onf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

87

Nokia E62 rnfonhfae&mwGifrqkd rnfonhfudprö sKd;jzpfap aqmif&Guf vkyfudkifEkdifaprnfh Quad-band (850/900/ 1800/1900 MHz) world phone trsKd;tpm; jzpfonf/ POP3, IMAP ESifh SMTP email accounts rsm;udkyg yhHydk;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonfh smart-phone [kvnf; ac:qkdEdkifonf/ email platforms awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ESifh qufoG,faqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonf/ t&G,ftpm;tm;jzifh 4 'or 61 _ 2 'or 76 _0 'or 63 vufr&Sdum tav;csdef 5 atmifp av;onf/ EDGE qufoG,frIudk vnf; aqmif&GufEkdifonfhtjyif GSM/GPRS uGef&uf rsm;wGif csdwfquftoHk;csEkdifonf/ Bluetooth 2.0 vnf; toHk;jyKcGifh ay;xm;onf/ Symbian operating system jzifh vkyfaqmifay;NyD; Microsoft Word, PowerPoint ESifh Excel documents (Office 97 / 2000 /XP / 2003) rsm;udkvnf; zwfjcif;? wnf;jzwfjcif;tm;vHk; aqmif&GufEkdifpGrf;&Sdonf/ txl;jcm;qHk;rSm ¤if;udk projector ESifh qufoG,f toHk;jyKEkdifjcif;yif jzpfonf/ wpfqufwnf; pum;ajym toHk;jyKcsdef 5 em&DcGJrQ &&SdEkdifaom bufx&Dyg0g &Sdonf/

88

Copy 2go External Drive 'D*spfw,f file rsm;tjzpf jyKpkxm;&SdNyD;aom aw;*Dwrsm;? AD'D,dkrsm;? "mwfyHkrsm;ESifh rSwfwrf;rSwf&m documents rsm;udk vufa&G;pOftjzpf trSwfw& odrf;xm;Ekdif&ef back up vkyfxm;&ef vkdtyfaeMurnfom jzpfonf/ xkdokdY backup vkyf&mwGif tajrmuftjrm; wpfae&mwnf; backup vkyfEkdifap&eftwGuf CMS Products ukrÜPDrS copy 2 go [laom trSwfwHqdyfESifhtwl 60 GB jzifh wpfrsKd;? 100 GB jzifh wpfrsKd; ESpfrsKd; xkwfvkyfchJygonf/ ¤if;wGif Built-in search features ESifh multimedia file rsm;udk pDrHuGyfuJEkdifonfh aqmhzf0Jrsm;udk toHk;csEkdifrnfh feature wkdY yg&Sdvmonf/ JPEG, GIF, TIF, CRW ESifh DNG format jzifh images rsm;udkvnf;aumif;? MP3, WMA, M4A, M4P, ATRAC, RA, RAM ESifh SNG format jzifh music rsm;ukdvnf;aumif; oD;jcm; &SmazG pDpOfuGyfuJay;Ekdifygonf/ xkdYtwl video formats rsm; jzpfonfh AVI, MMV, MPG, QuickTime, MP4 ESihf WMV rsm;udkvnf;aumif;? document formats rsm; jzpfonfh XLS, PPT, TXT WDB, VSD, DXF, MDE, DOC, PDF, SWF, GRF, AI, PST, WPS, ZIP, MPP ESihf PUB wkdYudkvnf;aumif; &SmazG pDrH uGyfuJay;Ekdifonf/ tav;csdeftm;jzifh 7 atmifpomav;um smartphone t&G,ftpm;rQom &Sdonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

Black Berry Pearl 8100 Quad-band (850/900/1800/1900 MHz) world phone trsKd;tpm; jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif GPRS ESifh EDGE rsm; xnhfoGif;yg&SdvmNyD; jzpfonf/ T-Mobile ukrÜPDrS Pearl 800 udk orm;½kd;us vkyfukdifaqmif&GufEkdifonfh function rsm;xuf

ausmfvGefí tcGifhtvrf;rsm; ay;xm;um xkwfvkyfchJjcif; jzpfonf/ 'D*spfw,fuifr&mwpfvHk; wyfqif ay;xm;onf/ Multimedia function rsm; xnhfay;xm;onf/ tydkaqmif; odkrSD;yrmP&ap&ef memory slot yg0ifvmojzifh standard black berry xuf ydkí ESpfoufp&maumif;vmonf/ tD;ar;vf vkyfief;pOfrsm;udkvnf; aqmif&GufcGifhay;xm;jyefonf/ t&G,ftpm;tm;jzifh 4 'or 2 _2 _0 'or 6 vufr&Sdum 3 'or 1 atmifpom av;onf/ odkYtwGuf aMumhaMumharmharmh prwfusus pwkdifxkwf toHk;jyKEkdifrnfh w,fvDzkef;av;[k owfrSwf Ekdifygvdrfhrnf/ werty uD;bkwfyg0ifonhftjyif wyfqifay;xm;onfh display onf ywf0ef;usif tvif;a&mif obm0tavsmuf ajymif;vJ yhHykd; aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifygonf/ ¤if;ESifhtwl Bluetooth pepfudkvnf; yhHydk;ay;xm;onf/

Asus R2H - Ultra Mobile PC ukd,fESifhruGm o,f,loGm;Ekdifrnfh portable PC trsKd;tpm;jzpfum tvGefw&mao;i,faom t&G,ftpm; &Sdygonf/ Celeron M ULV processor 900 MHz wyfqifxm;í 768 MB RAM udk jznfhqnf;xm;ay;onf/ yHkazmfrsufESmjyif screen t&G,ftpm;rSm 7 vufrjzpfNyD; WXGA touch screen LCD trsKd;tpm; jzpfonf/ okdrSD;pepftwGuf 1 'or 8 vufrt&G,f PATA HDD udk oHk;xm;í 0ifqrHh yI rmP 20 GB/ 30GB/ 40 GB ESihf 60 GB wkYd jzifh BudKufESpfouf&m a&G;cs,f toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ t&G,ftpm;rSm 23 'or 4 _13 'or 3 _ 2 'or 8 pifwDrDwm &Sdum 830 *&rfom av;onf/ vnfywfrIpepftwGuf Windows XP Tablet PC udk xnhfoGif;ay;xm;onf/ ¤if;wGif high-resolution webcom wpfck? GPS pepfwpfckESifh biometric fingerprint authentication wkdYudkvnf; yhHykd; jznhfqnf;xm;ygao;onf/ txl;ojzifh Asus fin \ ASPM jzifh vHkjcHKa&;pepfudk pDpOfxm;rIrSm BudKufESpfoufp&m aumif;vSayonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

89

BlueEye Boy rdrdtoHk;jyKaeaom w,fvDzkef;ESifh iPod wkdYtm; configure vkyfay;rnfh ud&d,mav; jzpfonf/ radio transmitter ESifh Bluetooth pepfwkdYudkvnf; xnhfay;xm; onf/ rdrdxH ac:qkdaom w,fvDzkef;eHygwfudk iPod ay:wGif cif;jyay;EkdifNyD; w,fvDzkef;ESifh aw;*Dw em;qifrIudk tjyeftvSef aqmif&Gufay;ygonf/ aemufqHk; ac:qkdchJaom zkef;eHygwf 9 cktxd odkdrSD; odrf;xm;Ekdifonf/ Voice dial udkvnf; cGifhjyK ay;xm;onf/ FM radio twGuf presets 15 cktxd &,lEdkifonf/ oD;jcm; headphone ESifhvnf; qufoG,f toHk;csEkdifonf/ oD;jcm; ukd,fykdif bufx&Dyg0g rvkdtyfay/ Convergence pepfudk ukd,fwkdif zefwD;,lEkdifonfh ud&d,mav;[k owfrSwfEkdifonf/ pum;ajymqkdrItwGuf ay;xm;aom microphone

rSmvnf; ESpfoufp&m aumif;vSonf/

90

Plantronics Discovery 655 Plantronics udk

BudK;jzifh qufoG,fíjzpfap? BudK;rhJ pepfjzifhjzpfap toHk;jyKEkdifaom headsets rsm;? Phones system rsm;? microphones rsm;ESifh tjcm; toHykdif; qkdif&m qufoG,frIvkyfief;oHk; ud&d,mrsm; xkwfvkyfrIESifh ywfoufí vlodrsm;Muonf/ Discovery 655 udk xkdifvkyf&aom ½Hk;vkyfief;? tdrfvkyfief;rsm;twGufjzpfap? xoGm;xvm vkyfukdif&aom tajctaersKd;wGifjzpfap? *drf;upm;&mwGifjzpfap wGJzuftoHk;jyKEkdif&ef Bluetooth pepfjzifh xkwfvkyfchJjcif;jzpfonf/ ¤if;tjyif DSP (Digital Signal Processing) enf;ynmukdvnf; xnhfoGif;ay;xm;ao;onf/ tvGefayghyg;ao;oG,faom 'DZkdif;jzifh wnfaqmufxm;ay;onf/ tav;csdeftm;jzifh 0 'or 3 atmifqom&SdNyD; abmyifyHkpH o,faqmifrI tdwfuav;jzihf xnfhay;xm;aomaMumifh tusÐtdwfwGif wGJcsdwfxm;í&onf/ ¤if;twGif; yg0gtm; ukefcef; oGm;onhftcg tm;oGif;Ekdifrnfh recharging dock wpfckudkyg wpfygwnf; yg&Sdvmonf/ tm;wpfBudrf oGif;xm;ygu wpfqufwnf; 3 'or 5 em&DcefY toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

Mighty Key Mighty Key ukrÜPDrS xkwfvkyfaom USB Key jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf 256 MB yrmP 0ifqhHaom flash drive av;udk 5 GB yrmPtxd 0ifqhHaom online storage

tjzpf toHk;csEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;ay;jcif;jzpfonf/ wpfenf;qkd&vQif Mighty Key Service rS 5 GB yrmP&Sdaom online data rsm;udk wpfvvQif 6 a':vmEIef;xm;jzifh oHk;pGJcGifhjyKay;xm;aom drive qkdEkdifonf/ rdrd data rsm;ESifh internet traffic twGif; encryption protection rsm;udkyg pDpOf aqmif&Gufay;xm;aponf/ ¤if;udk toHk;jyK&mwGif rnfonhf aqmhzf0JrQ xyfrHxnhfoGif;,l&ef rvdkay/ rdrdtoHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom BudK;jzifh qufoG,frItwGufjzpfap? BudK;rhJqufoG,frItwGufjzpfap tumtuG,fay;Ekdifrnfh ID Theft Protection Utility wpfckudkvnf; xnfhay;xm;onf/ tu,fí tqkdyg 5 GB yrmPudk rvHkavmufao;í tykdaqmif; 5 GB udkyg toHk;jyKEkdifao;onf/ tykdaqmif;twGuf wpfvvQif 3 a':vm aumufcH,lrnf jzpfonf/

MOE Business vufqGJ uGefysLwmwpfvHk;jzifh oGm;oGm;vmvm pD;yGm;vkyfief; vkyfudkifolrsm;twGuf oufaomifhoufom &Sdap&ef pDpOfaqmif&Gufxm;aom equipment wpfrsKd; jzpfonf/ Rissler Research & Development ukrÜPDrS MOE (Mobile Office Extension) Business [k trnfay;um wDxGifxkwfvkyfchJonf/ ypönf;wpfpHkpmtwGuf 6 'or 5 aygifcefYom av;onf/ armfawmf,mOf wpfpD;ay:wGifjzpfap? ae&mwpfckckrSmyifjzpfap csufcsif; wifí toHk;jyKEkdifaponf/ t"dutm;jzifh Laptop uGefysLwm wifoHk;&efjzpfaomfvnf; rnfonfh tDvufxa&mepfypönf;udkrqkd wifí toHk;csEkdifaponf/ yHkao wyfqif xm;&aom 'DZdkif;rsKd; r[kwfay/ oifhawmfovkd qif,iftoHk;csEkdif&ef pDpOfay;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ pm;yGJtoGifjzifh jzpfap? xkdifcHktoGifjzifhjzpfap yHkpHjyKEkdifonf/ 21 vufrt&G,f screen wyfqifxm;aom Laptop txd wifxm;Ekdifonfhtjyif portable printer odkYr[kwf DVD player wkdYukdvnf; wifxm;Ekdifao;onf/ acgufodrf;vkdufonfhtcg av,mOfay:&Sd tay:pifxJokdY tH0ifcGifus odrf;qnf; o,faqmifoGm;Ekdifaom taetxm;&Sdonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

91

W830i Walkman w,fvDzkef;taejzifhaomfvnf;aumif;? Walkman taejzifhvnf;aumif;? uifr&mtaejzihfvnf;aumif; oHk;rsKd;oHk;Ekdif&ef 'DZkdif;jyKí Sony Ericsson ukrÜPDrS xkwfvkyfchJjcif; jzpfonf/ Walkman taejzifh toHk;jyK&mwGif aw;*DwoDcsif;rsm;udk 512 MB yrmP&Sdonfh Memory Stick Pro Duo xnhfay;xm;onf/ ¤if;wGif aw;*DwoDcsif;aygif; 500 cefY 0ifqhHrnf jzpfonf/ uifr&mtaejzifh toHk;jyK&mwGif 2.0 megapixel t&nftaoG;&Sd sensor ESifh 4 x digital Zoom wkdYudk toHk;cscGifh jyKxm;ay;onf/ ¤if;wGifyg&Sdaom 2 vufrt&G,f TFT color screen av;rSmvnf; Munfvifjywfom;vSonf/ w,fvDzkef;vkyfief;pOftwGuf Internal memory 16 MB xnhfay;xm;onf/ ¤if;onf broadband ESifh multiple networks pepfrsm;ukdvnf; yhHydk; aqmif&Gufay;onf/ odkYtwGuf online music rsm;udk wkduf½kduf download vkyf,lEkdifonf/ Sony Ericsson W830i \ ukd,fxnf t&G,fyrmPrSm 3 'or 8 _1 'or 8 _ 0 'or 8 vufr&SdNyD; tav;csdef 116 *&rfom av;onf/

Instant FM music wpfcsdefu a&'D,kdoDcsif;rsm;udk ul;,l odrf;qnf;vkdonf qkdygpdkY/ rdrdwGif recording ygaom uufquf odkYr[kwf pwD&D,dk[kdifzkdifpufwpfckckawmh &Sd&ayvdrfhrnf/ ,aeY 'D*spfw,facwfwGifrl Instant FM Music av;udk yDpDwGifjzpfap? Laptops wGifjzpfap USB port twGif;odkY wyfqifvkdufNyD; yg&Sdvmonfh aqmhzf0J rsm;udk xnhfoGif;vkdufonfESifh uGefysLwmwGif FM a&'D,dktpDtpOfrsm;udk vnf;aumif;? tifwmeuf a&'D,kdtpDtpOfrsm;udk vnf;aumif; em;axmifcGifh &oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/ tqkdyg Instant FM Music ud&d,mav;udk ADS Tech ukrÜPDrS xkwfvkyfchJjcif;jzpfonf/ wpfcsdefu a&'D,dkuufqufrSm a&'D,kdxJrS vkdtyfaom aw;*Dwrsm;udk ul;,l odrf;qnf;Ekdifovkd rdrdyDpDwGif FM rSjzpfap? Internet radio Station rS jzpfap BudKufESpfouf&m aw;*Dwrsm;udk ull;,l odrf;qnf;xm;Ekdifygonf/ TiVo udk toHk;jyKaeygu tpDtpOf xkwfvTifhrnfhtcsdefwkdYESifhtwl y½kd*&rfvkyfxm;ívnf; ul;,lEkdifygonf/ pause, rewind, skip ponfh cvkwfrsm;udkvnf; toHk;csEkdifygao;onf/ jyefzGifh,lonfhtcg aw;*DwoDcsif;ESifh oDqkdol odkYr[kwf wD;cwfol tzGJUtrnfudkyg azmfjyay;onf/

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

NEW PRODUCT

NEW PRODUCTS IN YANGON iPod Shuffle iPod Shuffle

ao;ao;i,fi,f aemufqHk;xkwf 1 GB odkrSD;yrmP&Sd onfh iPod shuffle trsKd;tpm;av;jzpfonf/ aiGa&mifowåK ukd,fxnfav;jzifh jyKvkyfxm;NyD; tusÐ? abmif;bDwGif csdwfwG,fíaomfvnf;aumif;? vufarmif;wGif csdwfwG,fíaomfvnf;aumif; pwkdifxkwf toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ t&G,ftpm;rSm 4.1 _2.7 _1.1

pifwDrDwmom&Sdí tav;csdeftm;jzifh 15 *&rfom av;onf/ bufx&DtrsKd;tpm;rSm Lithium jzpfonf/ wpfBudrftm;oGif;xm;vQif 12 em&DMum wpfqufwnf; toHk;csEkdifygonf/ ¤if;udk uGefysLwmESifh wGJzuftoHk;jyK vdkygu Windows twGuf iTune 7.02, Mac twGuf iTunes 7 wkdYudk jznfhqnf;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;ESifhtwl dock unit wpfckESifh headphones wpfpHk toifhyg&Sdvm rnf jzpfonf/ «tvdk&Sdygu r[mAE¨Kvyef;NcHvrf;&Sd Access Spectrum ta&mif;qkdifwGif usyfaiG 150ç000 cefYjzifh 0,f,l &&SdEkdifygonf/»

Digimate II Plus Lumix Digital Camera-DMC- FX 50 7.2 Magapixel t&nftaoG;&Sí d 28 mm wide leica DC Vario-Elmarit Lens wyfqifxm;aom still camera

trsKd;tpm;jzpfonf/ ½dkufcsufESifh ½dkufuGif;rsm; ppfaq;Ekdif &ef 3 vufr t&G,ftpm; LCD display av; yg&Sdojzifh ½dkuful;oltwGuf tqifajyvSonf/ Intelligent ISO control ESifhtwl Mega Optical Image Stabilization wyfqifxm;jcif;aMumifh vufwkefcgrIaMumifhjzpfap? wpfckckESifh xdcdkufrdíjzpfap "mwfykH a00g;ysufpD;rI r&SdEkdifapyg/ urÇmh tcsdefjyZ,m;ESifh jyu©'defudk Menu jzifh toifh Munfh½IEkdifao;onf/ *syefEkdifiHvkyfypönf;jzpfonf/ «tvdk&Sdygu ICE uGefysLwmta&mif;qkdifwGif usyfaiG 500ç000 cefYjzifh 0,f,l&&SdEkdifonf/»

Portable HDD

tvG,fwul o,f,loGm;Ekdifaom odkrSD;ud&d,mav;rsm; jzpfonf/ odkrSD;yrmP 40 GB, 60 GB ESihf 80 GB [lí oHk;rsKd; 0,f,ltoHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ qufoG,ftoHk;jyK&mü high speed USB 2.0 udk oHk;pGJcGifhjyKxm;onf/ rdrdBudKufESpfouf&m 'pf*spfw,f"mwfyHkrsm;? AD'D,dk½kyf&Sifrsm;? aw;*DwoDcsif;rsm;tjyif vkyfief;ydkif;qkdif&m data files rsm; odrf;qnf;odkrDS; xm;Ekdifonf/ ukd,fykdifodkrSD;rItjyif card reader tjzpfvnf; toHk;csEkdifao;onf/ ¤if;wGif 9 in 1 memory card reader toifhygvmaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ «tvdk&Sdygu bkefBuD;vrf;&Sd Syntax ta&mif;qkdifwGif usyfaiG 200ç000 jzifh 0,f,l &&SdEkdifygonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

93

NEW PRODUCT

NEW PRODUCT MSI -VGA - NX 7600 GS-T2D 256 EH Core Clock -350 MHz ESihf Memory clock 660 MHz wkdY cGifhjyKxm;Ekdifonfhtjyif memory bandwidth 128 bit txd ay;xm;onf/ VGA memory yrmP 256 MB &SdNyD; jzpfonf/ ,aeYtxd xGufay:NyD;jzpfaom

MicroLab Speaker-m 200 uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKolrsm;onf ajzazsmfa&;twGufyg OD;pm;ay;vdkygu pyDumpepfaumif;aumif; toHk;cs&ef vkdtyfaernf jzpfonf/ Microlab rS xkwfvkyfaom M 200 pyDumpepfonf worfer rS 16 watts xGufí b,fnm satellite speakers av;rsm;rS 12 watts qD xkwfay;Ekdifonf/ tvGef oyf&yfvSyaom 'DZkdif;jzifh jyKvkyfxm;onf/ «tvkd&Sdygu Fax Computer ta&mif;qkdifwGif usyfaiG 39ç000 jzifh 0,f,l&&Sd Ekdifygonf/»

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MSI - Motherboard -945 GZM3

Intel Core 2 Duo, Pentium D, Pentium 4 ESifh Celeron D wdkYuJhodkYaom processor rsm;twGuf xkwfvkyfcJhaom

94 94

motherboard jzpfonf/ odkYtwGuf Socket LGA 775 ESifh FSB 800 /533 MHz wdkYudk yHhydk; aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonfhtjyif EIST technology udkvnf;aumif;? Intel \ Hyperthreading technology ukdvnf;aumif; aqmif&Gufvkyfukdif ay;ygonf/ Main memory twGuf 2DIMMs DDR2667/ 633 udk 4 GB txd wyfqif toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ PCI Express x 16 udkvnf; cGifhjyKxm;onf/ Audio ykdif; taejzifh 7.1 CH HD udk toHk;cs,lEkdifonf/ LAN twGuf 10/100/1000 m udk yHhydk;aqmif&GufEkdifum hard drive twGuf SATA av;ckESifh IDE wpfck cGifhjyKxm;onf/ USB.20 port &Spfckyg&Sdonf/ ,cktcg xGuf&Sdvmonfh Windows Vista twGuf Ultimate version txd ykdifEkdifpGm toHk;csEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ «tvdk&Sdygu 36 vrf;&dS Smart Computing qdkifwGif 0,f,l &&SdEkdifygonf/»

uGeuGyf seLwm*s me,f rwfZef ve? 0g2007 EpS f ckEpS f yf sLwm*s me,f &v D ? ck2007

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ASUS &J U

PW 191 LCD

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Edkifonf/ jrifuGif;tus,f 19 vufrESifh WXGA+ screen trsKd;tpm; jzpfNyD; 1440 x 900 resolution txd axmufuljyKay;EdkifwJh tjyif 8ms response time, 400 nits high brightness ESifh

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&dSygonf/ xdkYtjyif builtin speaker 2 ck yg&dSaom aMumifh ukeu f sp&dwEf iS ahf e&m ,l r I v nf ; ouf o mapyg onf/ ta&mifukd aiGa&mifEiS hf teuf a&mpyf x m;wm aMumifh pGrJ ufz, G jf rif&rSmyg/ pd w f 0 if p m;í tao;pd w f pHkprf;vdkygu trSwf (72) vrf;opfvrf;? vrf;rawmf NrdKUe,f? zHk;eHygwf 210943 e-mail: sales@ goldenpowertech. com odYk quf

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enf; ynm eJY ASUS \

LightScribe

DRW-1612BL drive CD, DVD csyfrsm;udk drive rsm;jzifh wnfaqmuf

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

onf/ uGeyf sLwmwGif tcsuf tvufrsm;udk ul;,lNyD;onf ESifh pD'Dcsyfudk ajymif;jyef xnfu h m yHak zmfjcif;jzpfonf/ rifta&mifudk roHk;bJ av qma&mifjcnfjzifh pD'Dcsyf rsufESmjyifodkY wdkuf½dkufxdk; um pmvH;k azmfjcif; odYk r[kwf yHkazmfjcif;vnf; jzpfonf/ ¤if ; twG u f oD ; jcm; CD odkYr[kwf DVD csyfudk oHk; &ygvdrfhrnf/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf ¤if;tcsyfrsufESmjyif wG i f avqma&mif j cnf azmuf E d k i f o nf h ta&mif wpfrsKd;rsKd;udk BudKwif okwf vdr;f xm;í jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk Laser disc labeling fea-

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ture [k ac:Muonf/ Optical disc recording technology [lívnf; oHk;EIef;

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vkyaf qmifykH Light-Scribe compatible disc csyf\ rsufESm

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96

ESpo f pfu;l r,fh flash uwfuav; 'DESpf w½kwf ESpfopful;rSm w½kwfwdkifay tajcpdkuf PQI (Power Quotient International Co. Ltd.) &JU U510 USB flash card

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¤if; LightScribe enf;

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axmufulrIjyKygonf/ ¤if; tjyif FlextraLink, Flextra Speed, Double Dynamic Suspernsions System

ponf h enf ; ynmrsm;ud k vnf; aygif;pyf xnfhoGif; ay;xm;onf / Writing speed udk taumif;qHk;jzpf atmifxed ;f nda§ y;jcif;? burning time, access time wGif vnf; ydkrdkjrefqefNyD; LightScribe printing t&nf taoG ; vnf ; aumif ; rG e f onf/ qlnH wkefcgrIrsm;udk avQmhcsay;Edkifum trSm;jzpf ay:rIudk enf;atmif aqmif &Guaf y;Edik o f nfh drive trsKd; tpm; wpfck jzpfonf/

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(PREVIEW)

*drf;awGrSm simulation qdkwJh genre trsKd;tpm;&Sd w,f/ tjyifrSm wu,f&SdwJh vuf a wG U MuH K Bud K uf p &m rsufESmpmawG tjynfht0 yHkazmfay;wJh trsKd;tpm;jzpf ygw,f/ Flight Simulator av,mOfarmif; simulation rsKd;? GTR vdk um;NydKifyGJ simulation rsKd ; awG jzpf y g w,f/ ,ckajymr,fh simulation *drf;uawmh oihfudk 'k w d , urÇ m ppf t wG i f ; u a&ikyfoabFm uyÜDwefae&m ydYk aqmifay;r,fh submarine simulation *dr;f jzpfygw,f/ csD ; usL; cH c J h & wJ h silent Hunter pD;&D;&JU aemufqHk; version jzpfygw,f/ 2005 ckESpfu silent

Hunter III [m

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97

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98

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(PREVIEW) click vkyf½HkrQvnf; &w,f/ &efol convoy odkYr[kwf ship eJY &ifqdkifawGUwmeJY

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ART OF GAME

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99

ART OF GAME

(SPECIAL REPORT)

The Most Important Multiplayer Games of All Time olwdkYu tcsdefumvrJh w,f/ azmufxGufqef;opf cJhw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYudk vHIY aqmf EdI;qGrIawGay;w,f/ pH EI e f ; awG csrS w f a y;w,f / tem*wf a zmf x k w f r I yH k p H twGuf vrf;jyajryHk roadmap ukd csay;w,f/ olwdkY u *drf; ukefxkwfvkyfief;udk qef;opf azmufxGufí a&SU odkY a&mufapcJhygw,f/ 2007 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv u Gamasutra [m *dr;f vkyf ief;rS ya&mfzuf&Sife,fawG? avhvmoifMum;ay;olawG? ausmif;om;awGudk xm0& ta&;tygqHk;aom multiplayer games awG pm&if; jyKpkay;zdkY yefMum;cJhygw,f/ vmr,fh Quantum Leap Award pD;&D;&JUtykdif; wpf ykdif; jzpfygw,f/ ar;jref;cJhwJhar;cGef;u b,f (MMO r[kwfwJhxJ u) AD'D,dk*drf;u vltrsm; wpfNydKifeuf yg0ifupm;Ekdif wJh multiplayer gameplay rSm tBuD;qH;k ]ckeyf saH usmv f mT ; rI} jzpfapcJhovJqdkwmygyJ/ vufcH&&SdwJh tajzawGu trsKd;rsKd;jzpfaewmaMumifh xdyfqHk;u award winners udak &G;zdYk rjzpfEidk af vmufb;l / txuf y gar;cG e f ; twG u f

100

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Battlefield 1942

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Tribes

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(SPECIAL REPORT)

yl;aygif; upm;&rIudk tm½Hk pdkufw,f/ ukd,fhu@? ukd,fh tykdif;tvdkuf wm0efaus& w,f/ ,lepfawGukd wku d cf u kd f a&;? umuG,fa&;eJYtvHudkif udk axmufyjhH cif;ponf FPS multiplayer gaming &J U tem*wfudk awGYorQowf death match/"cowboy"

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Bomberman

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

101

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(SPECIAL REPORT)

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102

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

Quake III Arena Multiplayer game play &JU ckefysHausmfvTm;rIrSm Quake III Arena taMumif;

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(TECHNOLOGY)

ART OF GAME

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103

ART OF GAME

(TECHNOLOGY) Accleration sensor

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104

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(NEWS)




Game News


Game News RE 4, ONIMUSHA 3, DMC3 *dr;f awG PC

ART OF GAME

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105

(NEWS)

ART OF GAME


GDC awards Game Developers Choice Awards twG u f

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106

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Best Game - Gear of War (Epic Games/ Microsoft Game Studios) - Okami (Clover Studio / Capcom Entertainment) - The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion (Bethesda Game Studio 12 k Games) - The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess (Nintendo EAD/ Nintendo) Audio - Company of Heroes (Relic Entertainment/ THQ) - DEFCON : EveryBody

Dies (Introversion software) - Guitar Hero II (Harmonix Music Systems / Read Octane) -Lara Croft Tomb Raider : Legend (Crystal Dynamics /Eidos Interactive) - LocoRoco (Sony Computer Entertainment) Character Design - Final Fantasy XII (Square Exix) - Loco Roco (Sony Computer Entertainment) - Okami (Clover Studio/ Capcom Entertainment) - Rayman Raving Rabbids (Ubisoft Montpellier Studio/ Ubisoft Entertainment) - Viva Pinata (Rare/ Microsoft Game Studios) Game Design - Bully (Rockstar Vancouver/ Rockstar Games) - Okami (Clover Studio/ Capcom Entertainment) - The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion (Bethesda Game Studios /2k Games) - Viva Pinata (Rare / Microsoft Game Studios) - Wii Sports (Nintendo) Technology - Company of Heroes (Relic Entertainment / THQ) - Dead Rising (Capcom Entertainment) - Gears of War (Epic Games/ Microsoft Game Studio)

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- Rockstar Games presents Table Tennis (Rockstar san Diego/ Rockstar Games) - Wii Sports (Nintendo) Visual Arts - Fianl Fantasy XII (Square Exix) - Gear of War (Epic Games /Microsoft Game Studios) - Okami (Clover Studio/ Capcom Entertainment) - The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion(Bethesda Game Studios 12 K Games) - Viva Pinnata (Rare/ Microsoft/GameStudios) Writing - Bully (Rockstar Vancouver/ Rockstar Games) - Dreamfall :The longest Journey (Funcom/ Aspyr Media) - Sam & Max Episode 1: Culture Shock (Telltale Games/ Game Tap) - The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion(Bethesda Game Studios 12 K Games) - The legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess (Nintendo EAD/ Nintendo)

(NEWS)

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ART OF GAME

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107

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Speech -recognition

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108

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Rootkits

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Ransomware

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113

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cGJjcm;r&atmif jzpfapum rnfonfhae&monf tppf trSef? rnfonfhae&monf twkjzpfaMumif; prf;oyf wifjy&ef tcuftcJ &SdoGm; aponf/ taumif;qH;k phishing site rsm;onf ¤if;\ ausmh uGif;odkY 90 &mckdifEIef;txd qGJaqmifodrf;oGif;Ekdifaom taetxm;&S d o nf / ,ck tcg xdkodkYcsOf;uyfvmrIrsm; udk tEÅ&m,fuif;Ekdifap&ef ¤if;wkdY\ tD;ar;vftnTef; &&Sdonfhtcgwkdif; oufqkdif &mbufodkY w,fvDzkef;jzifh twnfjyK&rnfhoabm jzpf aecJhonf/ Scammer \ Website odYk rdr\ d browser ajcOD;vSnfhrdap&ef enf;y&d ,m,fudk"smart redirection" [k ac:qdkonf/ rdrd ukd,fwkdif bPfvdyfpmudk browser twGi;f odkY ½u kd o f iG ;f ,lonfhwkdif site twkqDodkY

Phishing umuG,af &; - rnfonfh ukrP Ü t D rnf jzifh jzpfap? tD;ar;vfjzifh awmif;cHvmaom udpt ö &yf &yftwGuf csucf si;f ,Hpk m;rI rjyK&ay/ rdrb d Pf\ URL udk book mark wpfckudk toHk;cs íjzpfap? rdrdukd,fwkdif½dkufoGif;í jzpfap jyKvyk af qmif &Gu&f rnf/ - aomhcavmufyHkpH icon wpfckonf vHkNcHKrI&SdaMumif; nTef;qdkjcif; jzpfonf/ xdk tnTe;f onfrrd \ d browser twGi;f rS toolbar wpfc\ k tnTef;udkom ,HkMunfoifhonf/ web page ay:wGif &Sdaeonfh xdu k o hJ aYkd om tnTe;f udk r,HMk unfoifah y/ - Antiphishing tool-bar wpfcktjzpf Cloudmark Anti-Fraud Toolbar (www. cloudmark. com) udk toHk;csEkdifonf/

a&mufomG ;Ekid o f nf/ tu,f í rdrdtaejzifh &dyfrdojzifh ydwv f u kd v f Qiyf if ¤if;\tjcm; aom twk site wpfckqDodkY smart redirection u pGrf; aqmif,lEkdifonf/ Phishers wdkYonf rdrd \ credit card ESifh ouf qkdifonfhudpo ö mru tjcm; vkyif ef;aqmifwmrsm;twGuf vkdtyfaom rdrd\ ID ESifh ywfoufonfh data rsm;udk rQm;,lavh&Sdonf/

taumif;qH;k phishing sites rsm;\ tvkyv f yk yf kH

Browser address bar xJodkY bank URL wpfckudk ½dkufoGif;ay;&ef

ydyd&d&dowif;ydkY,lonf/

114

Malware onf rdrd wu,fh bPfwpfck\ website rS ½dkufoGif;rIudk phishing site text ESifh images rsm;udk qGJ,lí wpfckqDodkY vrf;vTJay;vkduf wu,fhyHkpH twkdif; phishing onf/ site udk wnfaqmuf,lonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

tvGefqef;opfaom phisher tools rsm;u tvGefowdBuD;pGmxm;aom toHk;jyKol\bank account login udk&atmif,lEkdifonf/

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Human fallibility

4. Human fallibility Human Fallibility

umuG,fa&; - Security -focused RSS feeds rsm;odYk toif; 0ifxm;yg/ F-Secure (www. f-secure .com/weblog) od k Y r [k w f Kas-persky (www. viruslist.com/ en/feeds) odrYk [kwf Sophos (www. sophos. com) wdu Yk kd cs,t l oH;k jyK&rnf/ - aemufq;kH ay: security threats

rsm;ESihf ¤if;wdt Yk wGuf azmfjyvm aom tBuHjyKcsufrsm; oHk;oyf csufrsm;ESifh vufwdkYtnTef;rsm; udk t&,lxm;&rnf/

rdrdyDpDudk tumtuG,f jyK&ef vHkNcHKa&;qkdif&m tpD trH aqmhzf0Jrsm;udk toHk;cs Ekid cf iG &hf o dS nf/ Windows ESihf toHk;csaqmhzf0Jrsm;udkvnf; update vkyfxm;Ekdifonf/ þodYk aqmif&u G x f m;jcif;jzifh rormol r sm;\ taES m ih f t,Suf&efu vHk;0uif;&Sif; oGm;vdrfhrnf[k rrSwf,lEkdif ay/ Online villains rsm;u vlru I pd t ö aESmiftzGYJwpfcck u k kd toHk;csí aoG;aqmifjzm; a,mifrIrsm; tcsdefra&G;vkyf vm Ekdif onf/ vlrIudpö taESmiftzGUJ wpfcck u k kd [efjy

yHkpHtrsKd;tpm;- social engineering yHkpHwpfckuJhodkY links rsm; odrYk [kwf wpfO;D OD;xHr S tD;ar;vfrsm; odrYk [kwf ,HMk unfavmuf onfh site wpfc\ k toGijf yif vu©PmrsK;d udk zefw;D xm;onf/ f m;jcif; odrYk [kwf trSew f u,frmS ¤if; onf clone jyKvyk x supplomentary links rsm; xnfhxm;jcif;rsm; &Sdaeonf/ tEÅ&m,ftqif-h jrifrh m; BuHKawGYEkdifonfhtaetxm;- jrifhrm; t"duypfrw S -f tifwmeuf toH;k jyKot l m;vH;k

oHk;í r[kwfw½kwfvkyfrnfh olrsm; wpfaeYwjcm; wdk;yGm; vmvsuf&Sdaeonf/ rMumao;rDu eBay ay:wGif ¤if;wkdY\ site odkY qufoG,fvmap&ef auction links rsm;xnf h a om enf;jzifh axmufacsmufqif vmrIrsm; awGYcJhMu&onf/ ta,mif a qmif site rsm; zefwD;&if; rdrd\ tD;ar;vf

vdyfpmudk wpfenf;enf;ESifh &&SdoGm;csdefwGif virusladen messages ukd ay;ydkYvdkuf onf/ xdktcsdefrSpí rvdk vm;tyfaom wkdufckdufrIudk cHMu&awmhonf/ xdo k Ykd Human fallibility toHk;csrI onf ,Hpk m;rdot l wGuf 'ku© a&mufMu&onf/ wpfenf; qdk&aomf spoofed emails rsm; jzpfonf/

Virus qdak om raumif; qdk;0g;onf yDpDuGefysLwm rsm;tm;'kua© y;½Hrk Qyif raus eyfMuum mobile phones rsm;udkvnf; ypfrSwftjzpf ½I j rif v mjyef o nf / tcsKd U aom mobile virus rsm; onf w,fvzD ek ;f \ vkyif ef; pOfrsm;udk &yfwefYoGm;ap&ef jyKvkyfonfomru ¤if;wGif yg&Sdxm;onfh OS udkvnf; zsuf qD; wwf ay onf/ tenf;qHk; icons rsm;ud k ajymif ; Ek d i f N yD ; ud & d , mud k toHk;jyK&ef tcuftcJ jzpf

oGm;apEkdifonf/ xdkYtjyif ,cktcg Oa&myEkdifiHrsm;ESifh *syefEdkifiH wdkYwGif handsets rsm;udk aiGay;acsa&;pepfrsm; wGif xnfhoGif; toHk;jyKvm Muonfhtavsmuf aiGaMu; qdkif&m taESmifht,Sufrsm; vnf; yg0ifvmonf/ avm avmq,f rSwfwrf;rsm;t& ½k & S m ;Ek d i f i H w G i f oH k ; aom w,fvDzkef;rsm;wGif Trojan horse 0ifvmum text messages udpöESifh ywfoufí jyóemrsm; awG Y ae&NyD jzpfonf/

5. Mobile Viruses

Mobile Virus

yHpk t H rsK;d tpm;- omreftm; jzifh Bluetooth rSwpfqifh w,fvDzkef; rsm;u wkdufckduf,lí &Hzef&Hcg SMS rSwpfqifh wkdufckduf,laom tbdZÑm aqmhz0f w J pfcjk zpfonf/ ¤if; onf OS udk zsuq f ;D rI jyKwwfí mobile phone rsm; udk oHk;r&onfh tajctaersKd;txd jzpfoGm;apEkdifonf/ tEÅ&m,ftqif-h toifhtwifh BuKH awGEY idk o f nft h aetxm;- tawmftoifh t"duypfrw S -f mobile phone toHk;jyK olrsm;ESifh smart phone toHk;jyKolrsm;

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

115

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG owåavmuwGif ZD0 aA' oabmt& ul;puf wwfrIjzpfouJhodkY mobile phone virus wpf c k o nf vnf; qufpyfvsuf&Sdaom tjcm;zkef;wpfckudk ckeful; oGm;Ekid o f nf/ Finnish antivirus firm F Secure rS okawoe Xmerª; Mikko Hypponen uJo h Ykdaom uRr;f usio f rl sm;url¤if;wdYko;kH aom zkef;rsm;wGif vHkNcHKrIpepf pDrH xm;jcif ; r&S d a y/ Trojan horse rsm;avQm0ifvmap&ef wrifapmifMh unf, h zl Ykjd zpfonf/

onf vef'efoYkd c&D;wpfacgufomG ; pOfrSmyif Blue tooth pepfrS wpfqifh av;Budrt f xd cHc&hJ onf/ ay 30 tuGmtwGif; wGif xm;&Sdxm;aom hand sets udr k l xdcu dk o f mG ;jcif; r&Sd ay/ Mabir virus onf SMS messages rSwpfqifh jzefYxkwfcJhaomaMumifh zkef; rsm;udk wdkuf½dkufxdoGm;& onf/ yxrykdif;wGif Symbian OS rsm;&Sdonfh zkef; rsm;om xdckdufcJhaomfvnf; aemufykdif;wGif Windows Hypponen

Mobile Viruses rsm; umuG,af &; rdrdzkef;taejzifhjzpfap? PDA taejzifhjzpfap Blue-tooth r&awmhonfh tajc taersK;d awGo Y nft h cgwikd ;f csufcsif;ydwfxm;vkduf&rnf/ rdrd\ mobile phone bill wGif rarQmv f ifx h m;aom awmif;cHrrI sm;ygrygukd tNrJ owd&pdS mG Munfh½Ippfaq;&rnf/ F-Secure, Kasper-sky, Mc Afee ESifh Trend MIcro ponfh mobile anti-virus program wpfckckudk xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKxm;oifhonf/

Mobile ESifh Java-based phones rsm;yg xdckdufrI&Sd

oGm;onf/ 2004 ckESpf ZGef vu Cabir A trsK;d tpm;udk &SmazGawGY&SdcJhNyD;aemuf Akdif; &yfpf awmfawmfrsm;rsm; wdk;

yGm;vmcJhonf/ 2006 ckESpf arvtxd 211 txd awGY&Sd vm&onf / 2005 ck E S p f wpfESpfwnf;rSmyif 156 rsKd; &Sdaeygonf/

Keylogger umuG,af &; - online vkyfief;rsm; vkyfaqmif

vQif rodem;rvnfaom y½d*k &rf rsm;tm; wm;qD;ay;Edik rf nfh firewall wpfckudk toHk;jyKxm;& rnf/ Zone Alarm jzifh aqmif &Guf Ekdifonf/ built-in Windows XP firewall rS rpGrf; aqmifEkdifay/ - password wpfckudk Mum&Snf toH k ; rjyKoif h a y/ Multiple sites rsm;wGif password wpfck wnf; toH;k jyK&ef roifah y/

6. Key logger rdrd\vQKdU0Sufxm;vdk aom data rsm;udk tum tuG,fr&Sdonfh FTP site wpfckay: a&mufoGm;apEkdif onf/ rnforl qdk jrifawGYap [lonfhoabm oufa&muf oGm;apygonf/ vGefcJhaom ESpfwpfESpfvHk; vrf;aMumif; jyK vHNk cHKa&;qdik &f mokawoe ynm&Siw f pfO;D uapmifMh unfh

Keylogger

yHpk t H rsK;d tpm;-rdrdyDpDtwGif; vQKdU0SufpGm install vkyf,lvkdufNyD; logs vkyf,lonf/ xdkYaemuf pmvHk;½dkufoGif;jyKpkxm;orQ taMumif;t&m tm;vH;k udk zefw;D olxH ydaYk y;onf/ t"durSm rdrd online banking pepfoHk; password rsm;ESifh credit card \ tao;pdwf rSwfwrf;rsm;ukd &,loGm;wwfonf/ tEÅ&m,ftqif-h jrifhrm; BuKH awGEY idk o f nft h aetxm;- toifhtwifh t"duypfrw S -f Windows toHk;jyKolrsm;

116

&if; pawGYcJhonf/ Sunbelt u FTP server wpfckay: wGif 1 GB yrmPcefY&Sdaom tudk;tum; taxmuftcH rsm;pGmudk tD;ar;vfeHygwf tao;pd w f u tp bPf twGuf toHk;jyKxm;aom passwords ESifh 0,f,lavh &Sdaom shopping sites rsm; txdyg&Sad eonft h jyifonline casinos rsm;twGuf logins rsm;vnf; azmfjyxm;onf/ tqd k y g personal data tm;vHk;udk wpfvtwGif; urÇmt&yf&yfrS cdk;,l&&SdcJh jcif; jzpfonf/ xdkjyóem onf ,ckawmh tawmfav; ysHUESHYvsuf&Sdaeonf/ wpfOD; csif; owdrrlrDyif Oya' xd e f ; od r f ; apmif h a &S m uf

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGyu f aJ &; wm0efcrH sm;qDoYkd wkduf½dkuf wifjyaeMuonf/ Keyloggers onf rdrd ½dkufoGif;orQtm;vHk;udk zrf; ,lEkdifonf/ rdrdwdkYyDpD ay: wGif ay:aeaom jrifuGif;\ screenshots rStpInternet Explorer twGi;f password rsm;ESifh odrf;qnf;xm;avh&Sd onf / Windows Protected Storage {&d,mrsm;rS data rsm;udk aumufoif; aumuf , l o nf t xd pG r f ; aqmifEkdifonf/ ¤if;u & orQxJrS qefcgjzifh ppfcs ,louJo h YkdjyKvky, f Ml uonf/

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Botnet

ykpH t H rsK;d tpm;- Click wpfcsufESdyf½HkrQjzifh spam rsm; yGm;rsm;vmjcif; odrYk [kwf tifwmeufay:&dS yDprD sm;? uGe&f ufcsw d q f ufxm;aom server rsm; tm;vHk;udk aESmifh,SufzsufpD;jcif; 0if a&mufzwf½Ijcif;rsm; jyKvyk f Ekid af om aqmhz0f jJ zpfonf/

7. Botnet jypfrIqkdif&m udpöESifh ywfoufvmaomenf;ynm xJwGif spam apvTwfjcif;? tifwmeuftwGi;f [efYwm; wdkuf ckduf jcif; odkYr[kwf spyware rsm; jzefYMuufcs xm;jcif;wdkYtwGufBotnets rsm;udk toHk;cs,lavh&SdMu onf/ ,cktcg aqmhzf0J wpfcu k kd rnfoYkdzefw;D &onf udk od&Sd&efrvdkawmhum 0,f ,l toHk;jyKrIrsm; &SdvmMu onf/ rqef;opfaom cyberthugs rsm;wGif bot-net ud k ud & d , mwpf c k o zG , f a&mif;csonfrS ay:ayguf vmrIrsm; &Sad ecJyh gonf/ Kit wpf c k u d k 34 a':vmrS a':vm 3400 txd wef

aMu;&Sdaom taetxm;&Sdí 0,f,Nl yD; rdru d , dk w f idk f malware rsm;udk zefwD;,lEdkif Muonf/ tqdkyg Kit jzifh bot wpfckudk wnfaqmufzefwD; um oufqkdifol\ uGef&uf pepfxJ 0ifa&mufNyD; wkduf ckduf ,lwwfygonf/ Sunbelt trnf&Sd vHkNcHKrIqdkif&m vkyfief;ukrÜPDwpfck\tqdk t& web-based botnet wpfckonf Metaphisher udk xdk;oGif; zefwD;vmEkdif onf[k od&Sd&onf/ Metaphisher onf wpfurÇmvHk;twkdif;twm wGif yDpDta&twGufaygif; wpfoef;avmuftxd 'ku©

tEÅ&m,ftqif-h jrifhrm; BuKH awGEY idk af omtaetxm;- jrifhrm; t"duypfrw S -f Windows toHk;jyKolrsm;tm;vHk; ay;oGm;Ekid o f nf/ Click wpf csufEydS ½f jkH zifh harders rsm;u hack vkyf,lEkdifonf/ twkdif;twmtm;jzifh ao;i,fvSaom taESmihf t,Suf r[kwfay/ 2005 ckESpftwGif;u e,fomvif EkdifiHwGif bot harders oHk;OD; zrf;qD;&rdcJhonf/ ¤if;wkdY onf yDpDaygif; 1 'or 5 oef;rQudk xdef;csKyfaqmif &Guf&eftxd BudK;yrf;BuHqcJh Muonf/ Bot kit 0,f,lrI twGuf t&if;tESD;jyKNyD; yDpD toHk;jyKolrsm;xHrS aiGwpfyHk wpfyifudk o,f,lvkdonfh tBuHtpnfrsm;yifjzpfonf/

Botnet umuG,fa&; - rod&adS o;aom tuRr;f w0if r&Sdao;aom sites rsm;odkY 0ifa&mufjcif;udk a&SmifMuOf& rnf/ jr§LqG,frI &Sdaom tD; ar;vfrsm;\ attachment udk zGiMhf unf&h ef roifh ay/ - rdro d &d x dS m;aom trnf ykid &f iS f \ message jzpfap? owd&pdS mG jzifh zGifhMunfh,l&rnf/ - Internet Explorer onf [ufumrsm;twGuf tBuKd uf ESpfoufqHk; ypfrSwf jzpfonf/ FireFox odkYr[kwf Opera wdkYudk toHk;jyKoifhonf/

Botnet rsm;\ tvkyf vkyy f kH email attachment jzihf ¤if;\ bot udk ay;ykdYjcif; odkYr[kwf ta,mifaqmif website udk

zefqif;í zdwfac:jcif;wkdYjzifh t,HkoGif;onf/

tcaMu;aiG tenf;i,favmufjzifh a&mif;cs aom bot-building kit ukd jypfrIusL;vGefrnfholrS 0,f,l vdkufonf/

y½d*k &rfa&;om;rI ruRr;f usifol jzpfvifhupm; jypfrIusL;vGef olonf tqdkyg kit udk toHk;csí antiviurs xkwfvkyf olrsm; rodao; onfh Akdif;&yfpf wpfckudk wnfaqmuf ,lvkdufonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

qG, J Ml unf½h o I x l H a&muf oGm;onfESifh spam rsm; ysHUyGm;jcif; odkYr[kwf spyware rsm; jzefYa0jcif; odkYr[kwf denial-of semice jzpfoGm;

apjcif;wdkY &Sdvmonf/

117

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

DNS Attack

yHpk t H rsK;d tpm;- domain name system udk wdkufcdkuf aom tEÅ&m,fjzpfonf/ rdrd \ ISP (internet service provider) odkYr[kwf ukrÜPD server onf scan website wpfck\ toHk;cscHjcif; jzpfoGm;aponf/

8. DNS attacks DNS umuG,fa&; - rdrdukrÜPD\ DNS server onf recursive rjzpfap&ef tpOf owdjyK&rnf/ ¤if;\ aqmhz0f rJ sm;udk twwfEidk q f ;kH up-to-date vkyx f m;& rnf/ vdktyfygu www. uscert. gov/reading-room/DNS -recursion 121605.pdf

jzifh qufoG,f avhvm,l& rnf/

118

tcsKdUaom Ncdrf;ajcmuf aESmifh,SufrIrsm;onf rdrd desktop uGefysLwm\ xdef; csKyfEkdifrI e,fy,ftjyifbuf wGif &Sad ewwfjyefonf/ tif wmeuf DNS (domain name system) servers \ vkyu f idk af erItay: tm;enf; csuf &SmazGí wkdufcdkufvm jcif;jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh tifwmeufay:&Sd yDpDrsm; wpfOD;udkwpfOD; &SmazGquf oG,f&mwGif toHk;jyK&onfh udef;*Pef;yHkpH IP address yHkpHtjzpfodkY web site ad-

tEÅ&m,ftqif-h jrifhrm; BuKH awGEY idk rf nft h aetxm;- jrifhrm; t"duypfrw S f -pD;yGm;a&; vkyif ef;rsm;

dress rsm;udk ajymif;,lvkduf

onf/ odkYaomf ¤if;wdkY\ av;yH k o H k ; yH k c ef Y rS m DNS ta[mif;aomfvnf;aumif; misconfigured jzpfaeonfh DNS aqmh z f 0 J u d k v nf ; toH;k csaewwfygonf/ tif wmeufpepfwGif ¤if;wdkYudk rSDcdkvkyfudkifae&jcif;jzpfaom aMumifh þodkYaESmifh,SufrI onf vkyfief;tm;vHk;udk xd cku d o f mG ;aponf/ odYk twGuf DNS wdYk onf ajrmufjrm;pGm aom wkdufcdkufrI jyKvkyf&ef ae&mjzpfaeawmh\/ SANS Institute rS rvHkrNcHKjzpfae aom tifwmeuf\ xdyf wef;taMumif; 10 &yfwGif DNS onf wpfck tygt0if jzpfaMumif; pm&if;jzifh jyKpk xm;&SdcJhonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

DNS servers rsm;\ cache onf tqdyfrdouJh

odkY jzpfoGm;apum tqdkyg DNS tay: rSDcdkvkyfudkifae olwdkif;ESifh wkduf½dkufquf oG,af eolwikd ;f [mvnf; xd ckdufoGm;apEkdifonf/ server uk, d w f idk o f nf rormolrsm; \ toHk;jyKcHypönf;jzpfoGm; ouJhodkY ¤if;udk qufoG,f xm;aom yD p D w k d i f ; onf vnf; xdkenf;vnf;aumif; jzpfoGm;aponf/ wpfzef DNS servers odkY data rsm; ay;ydkY&ef vdrf nmawmif;cHrIrsm;jzifh y&d ,m,fqif vkyu f ikd v f mwwf onf/ xdkrSwpfqifh rlv awmif;cHcsufxuf ydkí csJY um;um data rsm;udk &,l oGm;apEkdifonf/

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Passport Malware

umuG,fa&; rsm;onf owåK Mum;cHudkjzpfap? om;a&xnftdrf udkjzpfap? jzwful;oGm;Ekdifaom tae txm;r&Sad omaMumifh ow¬K jzifh jyKvkyfxm;aom bl; odkYr[kwf om;a&tdwfwdkYjzifh Passport ukd xnf h o G i f ; xm;í toH k ; jyKoif h onf/

9. Passport Malware

- RFID signals

EkdifiHul;vufrSwfjzifh jzpf a p? rk w f q d w f & d w f " m; wpfxkyfjzifhjzpfap? tdrfarG; aMumifwpfaumifjzifhjzpfap uGefysLwm Akdif;&yfpfwpfckudk o,f,loGm;Ekdifrnfvm;[k ar;vmonf&adS omf tar;cH& olonf rajzMum;rD tHtm; oifhoGm;rnfjzpfonf/ jzpf Ekid af jc &Syd rkH sm;udk rMumao;rD u awGY&SdcJhMu&onf/ ,ck tcg RFID (radiofrequency identification) chips ao;ao;av;rsm;udk sticker twGif; epfjr§KyfwG,f uyfapum ID tags tjzpf

toH k ; jyKaeMujcif ; aMumif h jzpfonf/ txl;ojzifh tqdk yg jzpf&yfrsKd; tar&duefEidk if H wGif jzpfEkdifajcrsm;pGm &Sdae onf/ tar&duefEkdifiHwGif ,mOfarmif;vkdifpifwGifjzpf

Passport Malware

ap? EkdifiHul;vufrSwfwGif jzpfap tqkdyg chips udk xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdae Muonf/ Chips rS teD;uyf ae&mwpfckckodkY information rsm;udk tDvufx&Gefepf enf ; jzif h yd k Y vT w f & mwG i f toH k ; csMuonf / tvG e f toH k ; 0if a om enf ; pepf wpfckjzpfaomfvnf; vHkNcHK a&;qkdif&m tm;enf;csuf&Sd aecJ h o nf / Oyrmtm;jzif h tcsKUd aom tags ay:rS information rsm;ud k jyef v nf jyKjyif a&; om; Ekdif onf/ tjcm; tags rsm;u a0;uGm aomae&mrS axmufvSrf; zwf½IEkdifonf/ tqdkyg tm;enf;csuf udk od&Sdolrsm;u tarSmifh ya&m* vkyfief;rsm;twGuf toH;k cs&ef BudK;pm;vmaeMu onf/ odkYtwGuf Dutch University rS okawoe ynm&S i f r sm;onf RFID

tags rsm;ES i f h ywf o uf í modification jyKvk y f & ef

pkdif;jyif;vsuf &Sdaeygonf/ Virus pwk d i f command wpfckck0ifoGm;cJhygu ypönf; odkavSmifXme&Sd ypönf;pm&if; database rsm; xdckdufoGm; apEkdifonf/ odkYr[kwf rSm; ,Gif;aom pm&if;wpfckjzpf oGm;apEkdifonf/ vHNk cHKrIqidk &f m uRr;f usif olawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u tqdk yg tcsufudk axmufjy&if; RFID reader ESihf database tMum; jyifqifwnfaqmuf rIrsm; vkyfEkdif&ef aqmfMocJh Muonf/ RFID Chips oHk; xm;aom EkdifiHul;vufrSwf qd k y gu ud k , f a &;tcsuf tvufrsm;udk jyifqifa&; om; ,lEkdifouJhodkY ul;,l jcif;? zsufqD;ypfjcif;rsm; &Sdvmwwfygonf/ tajccH oabmw&m;t& owdjyK& rnfh udpöwpf&yfjzpfonf/

yHpk t H rsK;d tpm;- passport wGifjzpfap? ,mOfarmif;vkdif pifwGifjzpfap uGefysLwm chips tao;pm;av;rsm; jr§KyfESHí udk,fa&;tcsuftvuf rsm;udk odr;f qnf; okrd ;DS xm;cdik ;f wwfonfukd 0ifa&muftaESmift h ,Suf ay;Ekdifaom aqmhzf0Jjzpfonf/

tEÅ&m,ftqifh- toifh twifh BuKH awGEY idk o f nft h aetxm;- enf;yg; ypfrw S f - pm;aomufuek f 0,f,t l oH;k jyKorl sm; uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

119

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

10. All -platform Treats All. platform Treats

yHpk t H rsK;d tpm;- Windows tjyif tjcm; operating system rsm;jzpfaom Mac ESifh Linux xHodkYyif

wku d cf u dk f vmaom aqmhz0f jJ zpfonf/

tEÅ&m,ftqifh - jrifrh m; BuKH awGEY idk af omtaetxm;- enf;yg; t"duypfrw S -f Windows, Mac, Linux toHk;jyKol tm;vHk;

OS umuG,fa&; aESmihf,Suf wkdufckdufrI rsm;onf Windows toHk; jyKolrsm;om jzpfavhjzpfx &So d jzifh ,cifu Mac toH;k jyKol Linux toHk;jyKolwdkY oufaomifo h ufom &Sad eap cJhonf/ okdYaomf ,cktcg tqdkyg operating system rsm;onfyif ukd,fhjyóem eSifh udk,fwpfrsKd;pD &ifqkdif& rIrsm; &SdvmcJhonf/ avmavmq,f OSX wGif vHNk cHKa&;qkid &f m,dak yguf &Sad eojzifh twku d t f cku d f cH& rI r sm; BuH K awG Y ae&onf / vGefcJhaom azazmf0g&Dvu yif yxrqH k ; malware

120

wpfck awGY BuHK cJh & onf/ Oompa-loompa [k ac: qdkxm;&onfh instant messaging worm jzpf o nf / odkYtwGuf rMumao;rDu Apple rS tqkdyg ,dkayguf udk Safari ESifh uk pm; cJh & onf/ Linux wG i f v nf ; Worm wkdufckdufrIrsm;&Sdvm onf/ txl;ojzifh 20042005 umvrsm;xuf ESpfq ydkuJvmonf/ aemufqHk;ay:vSnfhpm; rIrSm cross- platform malware jzpfonf/ platform wpfck odkYr[kwf ESpfckodkYyif

a&muf&SdoGm;apEkdifaom yHkpH jzpfonf/ Malware wpfck wnf;uyif platform ESpfck udk wpfNydKifeufwdkufckduf vmonf/ NyD;cJhaom {NyDv u Windows ESifh Linux ESpfckvHk;udk wpfNydKifeuf xdk; ESucf o hJ nf/ ¤if;udk jyKjyif&ef antivirus aqmh z f 0 J t jzpf kaspersky rS zefwD;ay;cJh aMumif; od&Sd&onf/ Linux 1.1 Bia ESifh Virus Win 32 Bjia wdkYjzpfonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

- Mac yifjzpfap? Linux yif jzpf ap? antivirus program wpfck

ud k toH k ; csoif h o nf / Oyrm Linux twGuf Panda Antivirus ESifh Mac twGuf Mc Afee ESifh Symantec wdkY jzpf onf/ tenf;qHk; Windows rS pD ; qif ; vmrnf h Ak d i f ; &yf p f u d k wm;qD;,lEkdifrnf/ - rnfonfh OS udo k ;kH onfjzpfap vkdtyfaom update aqmhzf0J rsm;ESihf patched aqmhz0f rJ sm; udk toHk;cs&rnf/

OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,&f )D [Ref: PC Advisor ]

tqifh (1) Image topfukd 400 x 400 pixels t&G,f eJY pyg/ Background color udk tjzLyJxm;yg/

oifh&JU website menu pepfrmS oH;k Edik rf ,fh awmufy ajymifvufwhJ cvkwf buttons av;awG zefw;D Munfh Muygr,f/ 'D tutorial u oihf&JU buttons awG odrYk [kwf tjcm; yHo k P²mefawGrmS awmufy ajymifvuf atmif b,fvv kd yk &f r,f qdw k m o½kyaf zmf jyxm;ay;ygw,f/

yHkoP²mefudkawmh pdwfBudKuf trsKd;rsKd;xm;vdkY & w,f/ 'DOyrmrSmawmh MwmyDZD,rfyHkudk oHk;xm; ygw,f/ Layer topfwpfck jyKvkyNf yD; Rectangular Marquee Tool oHk;í oif vdkoavmuf t&G,f axmifhrSefpwk*HyHk qGJyg/

tqifh (2) Channels palette udk azmf,lNyD; channel topfwpfck zefw;D yg/ Selection udk tjzLa&mif jznhfyg/ aemuf Ctrl+D ESdyfNyD; selection jzKwf yg/ tck Flter> Blur > Gaussian Blur udk oGm; NyD; setting udk 3.5 xm;yg/ OK udk uvpfEydS yf g/ aemuf Image> Adjust> Levels udk oGm;NyD;

atmufu ab;ESpfzuf&Sd Bwd*Hudk tv,fem;odkY a&TUí button udk acsmarGU Munfhaumif;onf

121

txd jyKvkyfyg/ NyD;&if OK udk uvpfESdyfyg/ Ctrl ESdyfxm;&if; ]]Alpha 1}} tay: uvpfESdyf a&G;,lvdkufyg/ Layers tab tay: uvpfESdyfí Layers Palette qD jyefoGm;yg/

tqifh (3) Layer topfjyKvkyfyg/ tJ'D Layer udk current tjzpf ouf 0 if a eygap/ NyD ; awmh selection udk ta&mifwpfckckeJY jznfhyg/ ('D OyrmrSm R: 255, G: 126, B: 0 xm;ç xm;w,f)

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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aemuf Ctrl+D ESdyfí selection jzKwfyg/ tck button udk ydkNyD; pdwf0ifpm;p&mjzpfzdkY Edit > Transform > Perspective odkY oGm;yg/ Button &JUatmuf nmbuf point rS twGif;odkY qGJNyD; OyrmrSm jyxm;wJhyHktwdkif; jzpfatmifjyKvkyfyg/

tqifh (4)

tqifh (5)

tck highlight tvif;jyefwJhyHkpH vkyf&r,f/ Layer topf jyKvkyfyg/ Freeform Pen udk ,lxm;yg/ Option bar rS ]]Shape Layers}} r[kwb f J ]]Paths}} Options a&TUxm;zdYk aocsmygap/

122

aemuf ½kyfyHk&JUxdyfydkif;rSm yHkrSm jyxm;wJhtwdkif; twGefYtvdrf uGi;f uav; qGyJ g/ Path udk &wmeJY right click ESyd Nf yD; ]]Make Selection}} udk a&G;yg/ Default settings yJ oH;k yg/ Selection udk jrifae&ao;&if right click xyfESdyfNyD; ]]Delete Path}} udk a&G;yg/ tck Layer topfvyk Nf yD; selection udk tjzLa&mif eJY jznfhyg/

Ctrl udk ESy dx f m;&if; ]]Layer 1}} tay: uvpfEydS v f u kd yf g/ Select>Modify> Contract udk oGm;NyD; wefzdk; 1 oGif;yg/

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tck Select > Inverse odYk oGm;yg/ ]]Layer 2}} udk ouf0ifapí delete ESdyfyg/ tck Ctrl udk ESdyfxm;&if ]]Layer 2}} tay: uvpfESdyfyg/ aemuf Delete udk av;cgESdyfí tjzLa&mifudk z,f&Sm;yg/ Selection rjzKwfygapeJYOD;/

tqifh (6) tck D udEk ydS Nf yD;&if x udk ESyd Nf yD; colors udk reset jyefcsyg/ Gradient tool udk a&G;yg/ Linear mode jzpfaeaMumif; aocsmygap/ Options bar rSm gradient type udk ]]Foreground to Transparent}} odkY ajymif;yg/ aemuf a&mifajy; gradient udk selection &JU tay:rSatmufodkY drag qGJyg/ oif[m Highlight effect &vmr,f/ aemufydkif; jyefoHk;csif &if oHk;vdkY&atmif selection udk select> save selection> OK eJY odrf;xm;Edkifw,f/ aemuf Ctrl+D udk ESdyfNyD; a&G;xm;jcif;rS jzKwfyg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

123

atmuf a jcu button &J U usef w J h t yd k i f ; eJ Y aumif;aumif;ra&mpyf&if Filter> Blur> Gaussian Blur eJY tem;pGef;udk azsmhawmhpGm a&mpyfoGm;atmif jyKvkyfyg/ Highlight

tqifh (7) oif[m Highlight udkawmh&NyD/ tck oifvdkaewmu dark shadow jzpfygw,f/ ckeuvdkyJ freeform pen oHk;um button atmufyi kd ;f rSm wGeYf vrd u f iG ;f qGyJ g/ Right click ESyd Nf yD; ]]Make selection}} udk a&G;yg/ Default settings rsm;twdik ;f yJ xm;yg/ Path udk zsufzdkY right click ESdyfNyD; ]]Delete Path}} udk a&G;yg/ Layer topf jyKvkyyf g/ Selection rjzKwfygapeJY/

tqifh (8) Selection udk teufa&mifjznfhyg/ Ctrl ESdyfxm;&if; ]]Layer 1}} tay: uvpfEydS yf g/ Select> Modify> Contract udk oGm;yg/ wefzdk; 1 ½dkufxnfhyg/ aemuf Select>Inverse udk a&G;yg/ Layers Palette rSm ]]Layers 3}} udk ouf0ifapí

124

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

epf0ifwyhJ pkH v H ckd si&f if text layer udk copy topfvyk zf Ykd Layers Palette u New Layer icon tay: drag qGJcsoGm;yg/ Copy Layer topfudk yxr text layer atmufrSm drag qGJ ae&mcsNyD; yGm;xm;wJh text &JUta&mifudk tjzLa&mifodkY ajymif; yg/ Ctrl udk ESdyfxm;&if; Move Tool udk acwåa&G;,lum Keyboards u arrow keys oHk;í tay:odkY Pixel wpfckpm?

delete ESdyfyg/ tck Ctrl udk ESdyfxm;&if; ]]Layer 3}} udk uvpf ESdyfyg/ Delete av;cgESdyfum teufa&miftm;vHk; z,f&Sm;yg/ Selection rjzKwfygapeJYOD;/

tqifh (9) 9/ tck foreground color tjzpf teufa&mifxm;yg/ Foreground to transparent Linear Gradient ud k y J qufoHk;&r,f/ ¤if;eJY selection &JU atmufajcrS tay:odkY drag qGy J g/ Ctrl+D eJY selection jzKwfyg/ tck back shadow udk blur vky&f r,f/ Filter> Blur> Gaussian Blur odYk oGm;yg/ tck button tydkif;u NyD;qHk;oGm;ygNyD/ 'Dae&mrSm drop shadow aygif;xnfhcsif&if ]]Layer 1}} udka&G;? Layer > Effect > Drop Shadow udk a&G;yg/ Settings awGukd oifp hw d f BudKuf n§d,lyg/

b,fbufodkY pixel wpfckpm a&TUyg/ Layer blend mode udk ]]Color Dodge}} odYk ajymif;yg/ Layer>Type> Render Layer odkY oGm;yg/ (oifoHk;wJh Photoshop version tvdkuf Rasterize Type udk a&G;yg/) aemuf filter>Blur>Gaussian Blur odYk oGm;NyD; setting udk 1 'or 0 rSm xm;yg/ aemufq;kH atmufu text layer &JU opacity udk 50 &mcdkifEIef;odkY csyg/

tqifh (10) Button tay: pmxnhfcsif&if button eJY ta&mifwlyJ vky/f 'gayr,fh ydí k eufarSmifygap/ pmom;udk button twGi;f

'DavmufeYJ wif &yfrxm;ygeJYO;D / xl;xl;jcm;jcm; yHo k P²mefawG zefwD;NyD; tysHpm; effects av;awG vkyfMunfhyg/

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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Illustrator CS2 oifcef;pm
File >New udak &G;í pm&Gut f rsKd;tpm;udk pdwBf udKufjyif

qifyg/
View > show grid udk a&G;í atmufvdkif;rsOf;aMumif;

rsm;xnfhjcif;jzifh yHkqGJ&mwGif taxmuftulay;Edkifygrnf/
Rectangle Tool

udk Toolbox rS a&G;í atmufvdkif; tuGufwpfuGuf t&G,ftpm; axmifhrSefpwk*Hwpfck qGJí ta&mifjznfhyg/ usefaxmifhrSefpwk*Hta&twGufrsm;&&ef Alter key ESifh selection tool udk wGJí yGm;,lyg/
Selection tool jzifh tuGufwpfuGufcsif;pDudk ta&mif

aoG;pHkatmif ajymif;yg/ NyD;vQif yHk(1)t& twef; 2 wef;jzpf atmif yGm;,lNyD; ta&mifrwlatmif xyfajymif;yg/

yHk (2) yHk (1)
Selection tool jzifh twef; 2 wef;udk select qufvkyf NyD; 12 wef;jzpfatmif alter key ESifhwGJí xyfyGm;,lNyD; tpD




tpOfusatmif ae&mcsyg/

axmifrh eS pf wk*H twef; 12 wef;ESihf vdyjf ymyHak tmufvikd ;f wpfjcrf;udk ctrl+A jzifh tm;vHk;ygatmif select vkyfyg/ Select jzpf&rnfhyHkpHrSm yHk(3)t& MunfhEdkifonf/







vdyfjymyHkatmufvdkif;qGJ&ef pen tool udka&G;í fill color udk none ajymif;yg/ NyD;vQif yHk(2)t& vdyfjymyHkatmufvdkif; wpfjcrf;qGJyg/

126

vdyfjymatmufvdkif;ESifh axmifhrSefpwk*H&Sdta&mifrsm;jzifh aygif;pyf&ef object>Envelope Distort> Make with Top Object (Alt+ctrl+C) udk a&G;í yH(k 4)t& jzpfatmifajymif;yg/ xdktcg vdyfjymyHkwpfjcrf;&rnf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm copy ESdyfaomtcg usefvdyfjymwpfjcrf;udk yHk(5)t& xyf&ay rnf/ vdyjf ym ESpcf v k ;kH udk select vkyNf yD; group vky&f ef ctrl+G

ESdyfyg/

yHk (6)


vdyjf ymt&dyx f nf&h ef Effect > stylize > Drop shadow udka&G;í yHk(6)t& ajymif;yg/ yHk (3)

yHk (7)


yHk (4)

yHkudkjzwf&ef vdktyfaomtcg trSwftom;wpfcktjzpf tultnDay;Edik &f ef axmifrh eS pf wk*w H pfcu k kd vdt k yfaomt&G,f tpm;twdkif;&atmif yHk(7)t& Rectangle tool jzifh qGJyg/ NyD;vQif object > crop area > Make udka&G;í trSwftom; ajymif;yg/ yHk(8)t& "Little Butterfly" pmudk xnfhyg/


usefvdyfjymwpfjcrf;&&ef select vkyfNyD; Object> Transform > Reflect udka&G;yg/ NyD;vQif vertical udka&G;NyD;

yHk (5)

yHk (8)

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

127

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

yHk (11) yHk (9)


vdyfjymyHkESifhpmudk select vkyfNyD; ctrl+G jzifh group vkyfxm;yg/

Direct Selection Tool jzifh zdqGJí select yg/




usefvdkif;rsm;udkvnf; tqifh(15)enf;twdkif; select vkyfí yHk(13)yHkpH&atmif jyifqifyg/




aemufcH'DZdkif;xyfqGJ&ef axmifhrSefpwk*Hrsm;udk yHk(9)t& qGJNyD; ta&miftaoG;pHkatmifajymif;yg/ yHk (12)

yHk (13) yHk (10)
Selection tool jzifh

axmifhrSefpwk*Htm;vHk;udk select

vkyfNyD; vdkif;yHkpHajymif;&ef Object>Envelope Distort > Make with Mesh (Alt + Ctrl + M) jzifh yHk(10)yHkpH&atmif ajymif;yg/


vdi k ;f aemufc'H ZD ikd ;f udk select vkyNf yD; vdyjf ymaemufoYdkyYdk&ef Object > Arrange > Send to Back jzifh ydkYNyD; yHk(14)yHkpH&

atmif jyifqifyg/
tm;vHk;jynfhpHkvQif group jyefvkyfNyD; grid atmufcHrsOf; vdik ;f rsm; jyefzsu&f ef view > Hide Grid udak &G;í oifcef;pmudk tqHk;owfyg/

yHk (14) yHk (11)
Direction Selection Tool udk a&G;í 'kwd,twdkif&Sd trSwftom;rsm;udk yHk(11)t& select vkyfNyD; 'kwd,twdkif&Sd

rsOf;ay:wGif jrm;udx k m;í zdqNJG yD; yH(k 12)yHpk &H atmif ajymif;yg/

128

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

at;rd;k atmif (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)






Word oifcef;pm


pdwt f aESmift h ,Sujf zpfp&m Word jyóem

tcef; (1) tykid ;f (1) RECOVERY AND BACKUP

tjcm; uGeyf sLwmodYk ajymif;a&TU jcif; Annoyance

tjcm; uGefysLwmwpfvHk;odkY ajymif;a&TU&ef vdktyfojzifh Word udk activated vkyfcJh&onf/ Fix

rSef;qxm;onfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkifonf/ tu,fí rdrd\ word onf Standalone installation rsm;xuf Office \ tpdwftydkif;wpfcktjzpf &SdaecJhvQif rdrdtaejzifh office application tm;vHk;udkyg tjcm;uGefysLwmqDodkY a&TUajymif;,l& rnfjzpfonf/ rlvuGefysLwmrS z,fxkwfNyD; tjcm;uGefysLwm wGif install vkyf,lEdkifonf/ Standard rsKd; yHhydk;xm;ojzifh vG,fvG,fulul vkyfudkifaqmif&GufEdkifonf/

vuf

wkYd

t

rdrd\ Word settings rsm;ESifh files rsm; a&TUajymif;jcif; twGufrl vkyfief;pOftqihf ydkrsm;ygvdrhfrnf/ (1) yxr uGefysLwmay:rS Office applications tm;vHk;udk ydwf,lvdkufNyD; Save My Settings, Wizard udk toHk; jyKí file udk save vkyf,l&onf/ Save My Settings Wizard udk &Edkif&eftvdkYiSm All program odkY oGm;→ Microsoft office 2003 udk ac:→ office 2003 twGuf &Sdaeaom Microsoft Office Tools menu udk ESdyf,l vdkuf&efom jzpfonf/ (Office XP jzpfvQif All Program → Microsoft Office Tools menu udk csufcsif; oGm;Edkifonf/) uGefysLwm ESpfckvHk; 0ifa&mufEdkifonfh network drive wpfckay:wGif settings udk save vkyfí vnf;aumif; USB memory Key wpfck odYkr[kwf iPod wpfckuJhodkYaom removable drive ay:wGif Save vkyf ívnf;aumif;? hard disk ay:wGif save vkyfNyD; pD'D odkYr[kwf 'DAD'Dcsyfjym;jzifh ul;,lívnf;aumif; xnfh oGif;,lodrf;xm;Edkifonf/

nTe;f

rdrdonf Windows XP toHk;jyKaeNyD; rdrd\ files rsm;? settings rsm;tm;vH;k uGey f sLwmwpfv;kH rS tjcm; uGeyf sLwm wpfv;kH odYk ajymif;a&TUvdck yhJ gvQif files rS Settings Transfer Wizard udk Save My Settings Wizard tpm; toHk;jyK Edkifonf/ Start udk a&G; →All Programs odkYoGm; → Accessories odkY0if → System Tools udkac: → files and Settings Transfer Wizard ESdyfum prompts twdkif; vdkufyg aqmif&Guf½Hkom &Sdonf/

vuf

wkYd

t

nTe;f

Microsoft Web site rS download vkyf,lEdkifaom Office 2000 twGuf Save My Setting Wizard wpfckudk

yHhydk;ay;Edkif&ef toHk;jyKxm;cJhonf/ ,cktcg xdkodkYaom download tpDtpOf r&Edkifawmhay/ (2) xdkYaemuf xdkodkY odkrSD;xm;aom files rsm;udk rlv uGefysL wmrS ul;,l&efjzpfonf/

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132

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uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf






Word oifcef;pm


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134

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

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jcif;onf Adkif;&yfpfaMumifhvnf; jzpfwwfygw,f/ odkYjzpfí antivirus aqmhzf0Judk update vkyfNyD; Adkif;&yfpf &dS? r&dSudk ppfMunfh&ef vdktyfygr,f/ (7) File name rsm; tjyma&mifoYkd ajymif;aejcif;rSm Windows pepf rS ¤if; file rsm;udk auto compress vkyx f m;aomaMumifh jzpfyg w,f/ yHkrSefjyefjzpf&ef ¤if; file odkYr[kwf folder udk select vkyf

147

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz NyD; right click EdSyfvdkufyg/ xdkY aemuf Properties udk a&G;cs,f um Advanced (tab) odkY ajymif; NyD ; Compress contents to save disk space pmom;ab;rS trSejf cpfoauFw ay;xm;jcif;udk jzKwfvdkufyg/ rSwf&efrSm Windows pepf onf ¤if;\ system backup file rsm;udk auto compress vkyí f odrf;qnf;xm;wwfaomaMumifh

rdrd&JU data file rsm; r[kwfygu compress vk y f x m;onf u d k rjzKwfoifhyg/ (8) Windows media player ysufaew,fvdkY ,lq&ygw,f/ Windows media player 10 udk

ar;cGef;tm;vHk;udk jyefMunhf vdkuf&if armif&ifh uGefysLwmrSm Adkif;&yfpf wpfckcku 0ifa&muf cdkatmif;NyD; 'ku©ay;aew,fvdkY ,lq&aMumif; oHk;oyfrdygw,f/ [mh'f'pfudk format csNyD; 0if;'dk;pf http://www. microsoft.com/ pepfudk jyefwifjcif;jzifh jyóem windows/windows-media/ tm;vHk;udk ajz&Sif;NyD; jzpfygvdrfh player/10/default.aspx rS r,f/ download &,lí install vkyf vdkufyg/

error wpfrsKd;csif;udk t"dymÜ ,f zGihf motherboard, RAM uJo h Ykdaom qdkayr,fh uGefysLwmrS wyfqif hardware csKd U ,G i f ; csuf r sm; xm;wJh CPU trsK;d tpm;? 0if;'d;k pf aMumifh error jywmyg/ ¤if;udk pepf (Windows XP Home edi- armif&ifhtaeeJY b,fvdk aysmuf tion or Professional) ponfwYkd atmif ajz&Sif;cJhw,f rodyg/

BCcode error awG

Q BCcode 9C. BCP1 00000000 BCP2 8054DA70, BCP3 B2000000 BCP4 1040080F OSVer: 5_1_2600 SP: 2 Product: 256_1 txufyg error code rsm;udk restart jzpfNyD;wJhtcgwdkif; error report rSmawGUae&ygw,f/ xdo k Ykd jzpfaewm MumygNyD/ xdk error code rsm;onf bmeJY oufqdkif

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148

A

BCcode error 9C onf device hardware ydkif;udk nTef; qdkygw,f/ BCP1 rsm;uvnf;

tay: rlwnfNyD; t"dymÜ ,f jcm;em; rIrsm; &dSw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ xdkY tjyif tqkdyg yg&mrDwm 4 ckeJY ywfoufvdkY t"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkcsuf rsm;onf twefi,f eufeJrI &dSyg ojzifh 0if;'dk;pfpepftaMumif;udk em;vnf w J h ynm&S i f r sm;om oabmayguf ajzMum;Edkifygvdrfh r,f/ qdkvdkwmu uGefysLwmrS rnfonfh hardware ydkif;onf tqifrajyjzpfaeonfudk [mh'f0J ydkif;qdkif&m ynm&Sifrsm;eJY tqdkyg ypönf;udk xkwfvkyfolrsm;uom ajymEdkifygvdrfhr,f/ aemuf jzpfEdkifacs wpfcsuf u armif&ifh uGeyf sLwmrSm tqdyk g error rwufcifu BSOD (blue screen of death) ac: tjym a&mif jrifuGif;jyonftxd jzpfzl; ygvdrfhr,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh MACHINE_CHECK_ EXCEPTION jyygvdrfhr,f/ ¤if; onf rsm;aomtm;jzifh CPU,

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

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uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz rSwÓ f Pfrsm;av ydak umif;avyg

Q uGefysLwmrsm;rSm rSwfÓPf uwf (memory) rsm;udk toH;k jyK Edkif&ef memory card ESpfacsmif; pdkufxnfh&ef pDpOfxm;wm awGU& ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh uReaf wmf awGU zl;wJh uGefysLwmrsm;wGif uwf wpfacsmif;wnf;om pdkufxnfh xm;wm awG U &ygw,f / rS w f ÓPfuwfwpfacsmif;rS ESpfacsmif; odkY pdkufxnfhtoHk;jyK&if uGefysL wm vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; (1) ydkrdk udpk ;kd a&T jrefapygovm;/ (2) rnfonfh (ausmufyef;awmif;) twGuaf Mumifh rSwÓ f Pfuwf ESpf

acsmif;pm pDpOfxm;ygovJ odyg qdkMuygw,f/ wcsKdUu 64MB uwfudk jzKwfNyD; 128MB uwf &ap/ wpfacsmif;wnf;udk vJxnfhvdkuf A uGeyf sLwm vkyaf qmifcsuf ygw,f/ Replace vkyfw,faygh/ rsm;rSm rSwfÓPf&JU tcef;u@ tck aemufydkif;rSm rSwfÓPfuwf u ta&;ygvdkY rSwfÓPf (me- wpfacsmif;wnf;u 1GB txd mory) rsm;avaumif;avvdkY &dSwmjzpfvdkY wpfacsmif;wnf;eJY trsm; od x m;Muygw,f / vH k a vmuf p G m oH k ; Ed k i f y gw,f / k mu (1) rSwf rSwÓ f Pfrsm; ay:umpu 8MB bmyJjzpfjzpf ajzvdw avmuf o m &d S c J h N yD ; aemuf 2 ÓPfrsm;av ydkjrefav? ydkaumif; qwd;k um 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, av jzpfygw,f/ (2) rSwfÓPf 512MB ponf rSwfÓPfjrifh uwf xyfrHpdkufzdkY&m odkYr[kwf vmygw,f/ a,bk,stm;jzifh slot wpfck ysufcJh&if aemuf slot f Pfuwfukd ajymif;pdu k zf Ykd ¤if;wdYk onf rSwÓ f Pfuwf wpf rSm rSwÓ acsmif;csif; qdkygawmh/ armif&if &m slots 2 ckrS 3 cktxd jyKvkyf uGeyf sLwm0,fumprSm rSwÓ f Pf ay;xm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/´ wpfckowdjyK&rSm rSwfÓPf uwfwpfacsmif; 64MB om ygvmNyD; xyfrHcsJUvdk&if aemuf trsKd;tpm;eJY rSwfÓPf wdk;csJU wpfacsmif; 64MB xyfpu kd zf Ykd &m wmudk motherboard &JU BUS u motherboard ay:rS m ae&m vdkufEdkif? rvdkufEdkif qdkwmudk vGwf slots awG ay;xm;jcif;jzpf em;vnfwhJ uGeyf sLwm q&mrsm;eJY ygw,f/ ¤if;udk upgrade odkY t&ifar;oifhygw,f/ r[kwf rSwfÓPf csJUw,fvdkY

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wGif ay:vmonfh settings rsm; udk Not Configuared vkyf vdkufyg/ aemufwpfcsuf pOf;pm;p&m u armif&ifhuGefysLwm&JU registry rsm;udk wpfa,mufa,muf u ajymifaemufvdkwJh &nf&G,f csufeJY 0ifjyifxm;ovm;vdkYyg/ ¤if; (tab) rsm;onf ysufcJhyg w,f/ tJ'v D rkd sm; jzpfae&ifawmh 2007 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dvxkwf uGefysLwm*sme,frSm]Registry od k Y 0if a &muf a rT a ES m uf j cif ; } (pmrsuEf mS 182) qdNk yD; Display Properties &JU tab rsm;udk regedit rSm acwåydwfxm;EdkifyHkukd wpfcck sif; a&;om; azmfjyxm;yg

Themes, Desktop, Screen Saver, Apperance, Settings rsm; ay:vm&rnft h pm; Themes

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uvpfvkyfNyD; nmbufjrifuGif;

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

w,f/ ¤if;twdkif;MunhfNyD; jyif Munhfyg/ aemufwpfcsuf jzpfEdkif onfrSm Adkif;&yfpf&dSaevdkY xifyg w,f/ tifwmeuf search rSm 'monitor', 'how monitors work', 'cpu', 'microprocessor', 'how microprocessor work' ponf

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149

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz jyefawmhvnf; 'change the name, create a password, change the picture, change the account type' qdkwmawG omygNyD; 'Delete the Account'

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Account eJY

Q

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Windows XP Professional v.2002 jzpfNyD; uGefysLwmudk 0if

a&muf toHk;jyKolvnf; rsm;yg onf/ vmoHk;wJholawGuvnf; Control Panel xJukd 0ifNyD; User Account awG 2 ck? 3 ck ponf zefw;D wnfaqmufMuygw,f/ xdk zefwD;vdkufonfh account rsm; onf vdktyfí zefwD;xm;jcif; r[kwyf g/ Password ay;NyD; zdv k f 'g Shared Document rsm;jzifh zefwD;xm;jcif;vnf; r[kwfyg/ xkdYaMumifh rvdktyfbJ User Account emrnfEi S hf ½kyyf rkH sm;om &daS e ojzifh xdk account ESihf ½kyyf rkH sm;udk zsufvdkygw,f/ zsufvdkwJh User Account udk a&G;cs,fNyD; jyKjyif ajymif;vJEdkifwJh list xJ0ifMunhf

Q uGefysLwm User Account xJu Admin Account rSm rvdktyfbJ ay;rdygw,f/ xdk account rSmay;xm;wJh password udkvnf; remove vkyfNyD; zsufvdkygw,f/ xdk account \ trnfudkvnf; ajymif;vJvdk ygw,f/ xdk account ESifh ywf oufí jyKjyifajymif;vJEdkifaom list xJwGif Change the name ESihf Remove the password pm om; vkyfaqmifcsuf rygwm aMumifh trnfajymif;jcif;ESifh password zsufjcif;rsm;udk jyK vkyfí r&yg/ odkYygí jyKvkyfí &Edkifaom enf;vrf;udk odvkdyg w,f/

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150

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

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345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 qufEikd cf v hJ Qif NyD;cJo h nfh 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 tif w meuf setting tifwmeufjywfawmuf 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 rsm; ysuf o G m ;onf h tcgwG i f jcif;onf antivirus, 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 vnf ; uG e f y sLwmwG i f trS m ; antispyware, firewall 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 ay:wwf o nf / wpf e nf ; aqmhzf0Jrsm;aMumifh jzpf 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 tm;jzifh tifwmeuf csdwf onf[k ,lqEdkifonf/ 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 qufrIvnf; 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153

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OK udk 9/ xdkodkY delete jyKvkyf&m 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 wGif aocsmovm;qdk uvpf vkyfvdkufyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 onfukd ar;ygvdrrhf nf/ odkYr[kwf Enter uD;udk 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 Yes cvkwfudk EdSyfvdkuf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 EdSyfvdkufyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 yg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 4/ Windows Registry 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 NyD; restart jyefvkyfyg/ yg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 Editor jrifuGif; ay: 10/ Winsock \atmuf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 13/ xd k o d k Y 0if ; 'd k ; pf j yef w uf wGif Winsock2 [lí 16/ ay:vmaom jrifuGif; vmygrnf/ ¤if; jrif 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 NyD ; vQif Start ud k zG i f h &d S y gvd r h f r nf / ¤if ; ud k rS nmbuf t wG i f ; uG i f ; rS 'H KEY_ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 yg/ vnf; nmuvpf EdSyf network connection LOCAL_MACHINE' 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 14/ ¤if ; rS wpf q if h Conum delete vk y f v d k u f nmuvpf jyKvkyfyg/ (registry key)udk a&G; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 trol Panel udk zGifhyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 yg/ 17/ xdkYaemuf Properties cs,f N yD ; uvpf v k y f 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 15/ Control Panel jrif 11/ Registry Editor jrif udk a&G;cs,fvdkufyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 vdkufyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 uG i ; 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Add 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 oauFwudk uvpfvyk f 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 cvkwu f kd xyfrH uvpf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 NyD; jyefydwfEdkifonf/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 EdSyfvdkufyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 ,ck System udk &SmNyD; 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 20/ ay:vmaom Select uvpf ESpfcsuf EdSyfyg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 Network Protocol 6/ ¤if;atmufwGif quf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 atmuf wGif 'Microvuf &SmazGjcif;tm;jzifh 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 soft TCP/IP version Current ControlSet 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 6' udk uvpfvkyfyg/ udk uvpfESpfcsuf EdSyf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 tqdkyg pmom;onf 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 yg/ 1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123 154

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckEpS f

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'Copy maEdkifygu txufygtrSm; 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 nufacturer's files jzpfyGm;&jcif;onf anti345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 from:' ae&mwGif 'C:\ virus, antispyware, 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 Windows\inf' [k firewall ponf aqmhz0 f J 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 ½d k u f x nf h a y;yg/ ¤if ; rsm;aMumif h jzpf o nf [ k 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 wGif C:\ onf 0if;'dk;pf ,lqEdkifonf/ xdkYtjyif 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 pepf &dSaeonfh [mh'f tjcm;aom aqmh z f 0 J 345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 'pftydkif; 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JAVA DEVELOPER GUIDE WORKING WITH THE SWING COMPONENTS 3.3 USING THE JRADIO BUTTON IN JAVA JRadio Button eJY ywfoufNyD;awmh ta&SUoifcef;pmawG rSm uReaf wmf &Si;f jyay;cJzh ;l ygw,f/ Visual Basic Language rSmawmh Option Button vdkY ac:a0:ygw,f/ olY&JU oabm w&m;uawmh a&G;cs,v f u kd w f JhJ Radio Button udk True tjzpf wefz;kd owfrw S af y;NyD;awmh ra&G;cs,fxm;wJh JRadio Button ukd wefz;kd False tjzpf owfrw S af y;xm;ygw,f/ wpfBudrrf mS JRadio Button wpfckudkom select vkyfEkdifygw,f/ 'g[m tMurf;zsi;f tm;jzifh &Si;f jywmaemf/ JRadio Button taMumif; udk vufawGY em;vnf oabmaygufomG ;atmif Listing 3.14 taeeJY a&;jyxm;wJh code_line awGudk t&ifqHk; avhvm MunfhvkdufygOD;/ NotePad Program rSm a&;om;xm;wmudk t&ifazmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ Figure 3.18 taeeJYygyJ/

tck code_line awG a&;om;xm;wmuawmh NotePad program xJrSm code_line awG a&;om;jyxm;wmygyJ/ File_Name udkawmh radio.java vdkY trnfay;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'Dh Code_File udk C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin > qdkwJh directory atmufrSm oGm;a&mufNyD;awmh save vkyfyg/ 'gqdk&ifawmh JAVA Radio Button wpfckudk zefwD;&,lzdkY twGuf code_line awGukd a&;om;zefwD;NyD;NyDyJ qdkMuygpdkY/ Program udk Compile & Run rvkyfcifrSm t&ifqHk; Analysis vkyfNyD;awmh avhvmMunfhMu&atmifvm;/ uJ'Dawmh Line No: awG yg0ifNyD; xnfhoGif; a&;om; xm;wJh Listing 3.14 udk t&ifqHk; avhvmzwf½IMunfhvdkuf ygOD;/ Listing 3.14 Demonstrate the JAVA Radio Button vdkY trnfay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/ Code_Line ta&twGuf pkpkaygif; (33) aMumif; &Sdygw,f/ NotePad xJrSma&;&ifawmh Line_ No : awG xnfha&;p&m rvdkygbl;/ avhvmMunfhyg/ Listing 3.14 Demonstrate the JAVA Radio Button 1. import javax.swing,*; 2. import java .aut, * ; 3. 4. public class radio extends JFrame { 5. JRadio Button [ ] rb = new JRadio Button [7] ;

Figure 3.18 Write the program code_line In the Notepad

166

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

public radio ( ) { super ("Choose Your's Name"); setSize (400,150); set Default Close Operation (JFrame. EXIT_ON_ CLOSE);

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm 11. rb [0] = new JRadio Button ("Kyaw Zayar Lay", true);

2/ uJ vdkif;eHygwf (11) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh code_line udk avhvmMunfhMu&atmif/

12. rb [1] = new JRadio Button ("Kyaw_Myo_Htet");

for (int i = O; i
object Name

>

rb [0] = new JRadioButton ("Kyaw Zayar Lay.", ture);

>

rb [2] = new JRadio Button ("Ko_Bo_Min"); rb [3] = new JRadio Button ("Ma Zar Zar Oo"); rb [4] = new JRadio Button ("Ma_Moe_ ThiDa"); rb [5] = new JRadio Button ("Ma_Wit_Yi"); rb [6] = new JRadio Button ("Ma_Zar_Chi"); JPanel pane = new JPanel ( ) ; Button Group b = new Button Group ( );

> >

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

String arguments object

Array Index _Number

Selecting components

'gqdk&ifawmh Array &JU Index _Number awG oGm;yHkudk &Sif;oGm;NyDaemf/ tJ'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJArray Type awGeYJ atmufyg Code_Line awGudk a&;om;xm;wmygyJ/ rb [1] = new JRadio Button ("Kyaw _Myo_Htet"); rb [2] = new JRadio Button ("Ko_Bo_Min");

public static void main (String [ ] arguments) { radio r = new radio ( ) ; } }

uJ code_line awGudk line No: eJYwuG awGY&NyDqdkawmh Analysis vkyfMunfhMu&atmifvm;/ Analysis

1/ vkid ;f eHygwf (1)eJY (2) rSmawmh xH;k pHtwkid ;f awt & Swing components awGukd ac:,l toH;k csEki d zf Ykd twGuf package File ESpfckudk import vkyfNyD; ac:,lxm;ygw,f/ tJ'DaemufrSmrS radio qdkwJh primary class udk zefwD; ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (5) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh JRadio Button [ ] rb = new JRadio Button [7];

qdkNyD; a&;om;xm;wmudk awGY&rSmyg/ tJ'D code_line [m Array Type «wpfenf;ajym&&ifawmh Demisional Array taeeJY» JRadio Button udk zefwD; &,lwmygyJ/ wpfenf; ajym&ifawmh JRadio Button rSeforQudk ac:,lwikd ;f object_Name rb taeeJYyJ ac:,l&ygw,f/ ac:,lwJhtcgrSm Array Type tjzpfzefwD;wJh square bracket [ ] xJrSmyg0ifwJh index _Number yJ ajymif;vJ oGm;rSmyg/ ta&twGufu [7] ck qdkawmh Index_ Number taeeJYuawmh Index [0] to Index [6] txdayghaemf/ 'Dawmh pmzwfol rsufpdxJrSm &Sif;oGm; atmif constructor ( ) function xJ u d k o G m ;NyD ; avhvmMunfh Mu&atmifvm;/

rb [3] = new JRadio Button ("Ma _Zar _Zar _Oo"); rb [4] = new JRadio Button ("Ma_ Moe_ Thida"); rb [5] = new JRadio Button (" Ma_Wit_Yi"); rb [6] = new JRadio Button ("Ma_Zar_Chi");

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aemf/ 'Dae&mrSm ta&;BuD;wJh xnfo h iG ;f &Si;f vif;&r,fh tcsuf uawmh vkdif;eHygwf (11) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh Code_Line eJY usefwJhvkdif;eHygwf (12) uae (17) txd a&;om;xm;wJh Code_ Line awG&JU uGm[csuf rwlnDrIygyJ/ vkdif;eHygwf (11) u a&;om;xm;wJh Code_Line rSm rb [0] = new JRadio Button ("Kyaw Zayar Lay", true);

tjyif selecting Components wpfcu k ykd g xnfo h iG ;f a&;om;xm;wmudk awGY&rSmyg/ usefwhJ array object awG ryg0ifygbl;/ 'g[m program udk Run NyDqdkwmeJY array Index [0] udk always Default taeeJY tNrJwrf; select vkyfNyD;om;jzpfatmif a&;om;xm;wmygyJ/ xnfhoGif;csifwJh array-Index wpfckckrSm tJ'D arguments String arguments

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

167

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm udk xnfo h iG ;f ½Hyk gyJ/ uJ [kwNf yDav/ tJ'D code_line rSmyg0if wJh true qdkwJh selecting components arguments udk rxnfhoGif;awmhbl;vdkYyJ qdkMuygpdkY/ tJ'Dus&if b,fvdkjzpfvmrvJ/ tJ'D arguments rSm yg0ifwJh true udk jzKwfxm;vkduf&if Output [m Figure 3.18.1 rSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwdkif; vmjyrSmygyJ/ Code_Line eJY Figure udk ,SOfwGJNyD; azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/

vkid ;f eHygwf (2) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh Looping udk avhvm MunfhMu&atmif/ For [int i [m 0 u pw,f? nDw,f/ i [m rb .length [JRadioButton _Array &JU Length] xufawmh i,f r,f/ i udk portfix order eJY wpfckNyD;wpfck wdk;r,f/ qdkNyD;awmh Looping ywfxkwfxm;ygw,f/ Object _Name b [m Button Group Class udk ac:wm ygyJ/ JFrame Class xJrSm yg0ifygw,f/ Object _Name tjzpf vkdif;eHygwf (19) rSm zefwD;xm;wmudk awGY&rSmyg/ 'Dawmh tJ'D Class xJrSmyg0ifwJh add ( ) method udk ac:,l toHk;csEkdifzdkY for looping statement &JUatmufrSm step wpfckwdk;wdkif; brace xJ0ifNyD; { b.add (rb [i]); pane .add (rb [i]);

}

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Figure 3.18.1 Change the Code_Line in the radio .java program.

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168

javac radio.java

↵

tu,fí compile vkyv f u dk v f Ykd error wufc&hJ if NotePad xJrSm a&;om;xm;wJh Code_Line awGrSm oGm;NyD;awmh jyifyg/ Java compiler uvnf; error udk b,f Line NO: b,fae&mrSm error &Sdw,fqdkwmudkvnf; twdtus azmfjy ay;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh error udk jyifNyD;&if tJ'D Code_File udk

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

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↵

tJ'DvdkrsKd; compile & Run vkyfyHkudk Figure 3.18.2 taeeJY a&;om;azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

SetSize (400,150) ; qdkwJh Output Windows < JFrame &JU Frame Size > udk Width = 400, Height =150 qdkNyD;awmhrS owfrSwfay;xm; wmygyJ/ tu,fírsm; Width = 150, Height = 250 jzpf

atmif atmufygtwkdif; jyifa&;vkduf&ifa&m b,fvdkjzpfvm rvJ/ SetSize (150,250) ;

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Figure 3.18.2 Compile & Run of the radio java program

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Figure 3.18.3 Running the radio.java program

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Figure 3.18.4 Change the Code_Line Compile & Run of the radio.java

uJ'gqk&d ifawmh pmzwfot l aeeJY rdrEd pS o f ufwhJ FrameSize t&G,ftpm;eJY ywfoufNyD;awmh zefwD;&,lvkdY&w,f qdkwmudk &Sif;NyDaemf/ qufvufNyD;awmh JRadio Button eJY ywfoufwJh oifcef;pmtNyD;rSm Java &JU ComboBox taMumif;udk 3.4 Using the ComboBox In JAVA qdNk yD;awmh a&;om; ydkYcsay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

169

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm 3.4 Using the ComboBox In JAVA ComboBox (OR) JComboBox Visual Basic programming language udk toH;k jyKwJh programmer awG tzdkYuawmh comboBox udk toHk;cszl;rSm yg/ Visual Basic Tool Bass xJu Combo Box ukd DClick acgufNyD;awmh Form_Windows ay:udk ac:wif&yg w,f/ NyD;rS Properties _Windows xJudk0ifNyD;awmh Data Field awGudk set vkyfr,f/ NyD;&if Code_Windows xJudk 0ifa&mufNyD;awmh vdt k yfwhJ Code_Line awGukd a&;om;r,f/ 'g[m VB rSm awGYjriftoHk;cs&r,fh tykdif;rSmyg/ Java Language rSmawmh visual Basic Language rSm

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import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class comboBox extends JPanel { public comboBox ( ) { String S [ ] = {"Kyaw Zayar Lay", "IT Engineering", "Katha" }; JComboBox cbo = new JComboBox (S) ; add (cbo); } public static void main (String args [ ] ) { JFrame f = new JFrame ("Testing the JAVA

170

ComboBox" ); comboBox cb = new comboBox ( ) ; f.SetSize (300, 200); f.get Content Pane ( ). add (cb); f.setDefault Close Operation (JFrame. EXIT_ ON_ CLOSE); 19. f.show ( ); 20. } 21. } Analysis 15. 16. 17. 18.

1/ vkdif;eHygwf (1)eJY (2) rSmawmh Swing Components eJY awt components awGudk ac:,ltoHk;csEkdifzdkY atmufyg twkdif; package file ESpfudk Declare & import vkyfygw,f/ import javax. swing .*; import java. awt.*; tJ'DaemufrSmawmh JPanel udk extends vkyfNyD;awmh comboBox qdkwJh primary Class udk wnfaqmufyg w,f / tJ ' D a emuf constructor function jzpf w J h ComboBox ( ) qdkwJh function udk a&;om;ygw,f/ tJ'D constructor function xJrSm string Data type udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh S [ ] qdkwJh Demisional Array udk Declare vkyfygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm S [ 0] = "Kyaw Zayar Lay" S [1] = "IT Engineering" S [2] = "Katha" qdNk yD;awmh Array_Type twkid ;f awGY&rSmyg/ tJ'aD emuf JPanel xJrSmyg0ifwJh JComboBox Class udk vSrf;NyD; awmh ac:,lNyD;rS object tjzpf zefwD;ygw,f/ Object _Name uawmh cbo yg/ 'gaMumifh vkdif;eHygwf (9)

rSmJComboBox Cbo = new JComboBox (S) ; one -demisional Array-S

vdkY a&;om;xm;wmayghaemf/ 2/ uJ qufvufNyD;awmh main ( ) function udk avhvmMunfh Mu&atmifvm;/ JFrame Class udk ac:,lNyD;awmh Object_ Name f tjzpf zefwD;ygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm JFrame &JU Passing Arguments ae&mrSm Testing the JAVA Combo Box

qdkNyD;awmh a&;om;ygw,f/ 'g[m Output Windows &JU Title Bar rSm yg0if&r,fh pmom;ygyJ/ 'gudk oabm aygufrmS yg/ vkid ;f eHygwf (15) rSmawmh tay:rSm zefw;D cJh

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm wJh comboBox qdkwJh primary class udk self-assign vkyNf yD;awmh object_Name Cb vdYk ay;NyD;awmh ac:,lyg w,f/ 'DtcgrSm constructor function &JU oabm twkdif; tvkdvkd 0ifvmNyDaygh/ Note : Constructor function ( ) &JU oabmw&m;udk olY&JU

rlvoabmtwkdif; a&;jy&r,fqdk&ifThe Constructor is a special method that is invoked only at the beginning of an object's lifetime. If contains any code that must be executed for the object to work qdkNyD;awmh

awGYjrif&ygw,f/ 'Dtcsufudk &Sif;jywm[m NyD;cJhwJh oifcef;pmawGxJuygyJ/ 'gayr,fh swing & awt components tykdif;rSmawmh JPanel/ JFrame tp&SdwmawGudk extends vkyf&ygw,f/ extends vkyfNyD;awmh primary_class wpfckckudk a&;zGJY&mrSm constructor function oabmw&m;udk toHk;cs r,fqdk&if program code_line a&;om;&mrSm ta&twGufudk avQmhcsay;Ekdifovdk Compile & Run vkyf&mrSmvnf; ydkrdkNyD; vG,fulapEkdifygw,f/ 3/ uJ qufvufNyD;awmh avhvmMunfhMu&atmif/ vkdif; eHygwf (15) rSm Class comboBox udkvSrf;NyD; object tjzpf zefwD;&mrSm constructor function [m tvkd tavsmuf Invoked jzpfvmygNyD/ tJ'DaemufrSmawmh Form_Windows &JU t&G,ftpm;udk owfrSwfay;EkdifzdkY twGuf f.SetSize (300,200);

qdkNyD;awmhrS width & Height udk rdrdvdkcsifwJh t&G,f tpm; &&Sad tmif zefw;D a&;om;ygw,f/ uJ tJ'aD emufrmS awmh getcontentPane ( ) method add ( ) method SetDefault Close Operation ( ) method tp&SdwmawGudk ac:,ltoHk;csygw,f/ 'D method ( )

awGtaMumif;udk a&SUoifcef;pmawGrmS tBudrBf udrf &Si;f jy cJhNyD;ygNyD/ 'D method ( ) awG API taeeJY yg0ifvmwJh tvGef toHk;0ifwJh method ( ) awGyJ jzpfwmaMumifh ac:,ltoHk;cs&mrSmvnf; tvGef vG,fulrI &Sdygw,f/ uJ tJ'DaemufrSmawmh Show ( ) method udk ac:,l NyD;awmh toHk;csxm;ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (20) u

Close brace } [m main ( ) function &JU Close brace yg/ vkdif;eHygwf (2) uawmh primary class comboBox &JU Close brace ygyJ/ 'gqd& k ifawmh &Si;f oGm;NyDaemf/ uJ tay:rSm &Sif;jycJhwJh Listing 3.15 u code_line awGudk em;vnf oabmaygufoGm;&ifawmh start → Accessories → NotePad xJudkoGm;NyD;awmh code_line awGukd ½du k o f iG ;f yg/ NotePad rSm ½ku d o f iG ;f NyD;&if File_Name udk combobox. java vdkY trnfay;NyD;awmh save vkyfyg/ Save vkyf&r,fh File_Path vrf;aMumif;uawmh C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1._01\ Bin xJrmS yg/ tJ'v D kd code_line awGa&;NyD; save vkyfxm;yHkudk Figure 3.20 taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;yg

w,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

Figure 3.20 Write the program code_line in NotePad

uJ tcka&;jyxm;wmuawmh Code_Line awGudk NotePad rSm ½dkufoGif;xm;wmygyJ/ NyD;&ifawmh commandline Interface xJ u d k 0if N yD ; awmh atmuf y g command- line eJY Directory path udkajymif;yg/ CD C;\ j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin

↵

'DtcgrSm prompt [m C: \j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin ↵ qdw k hJ prompt twkdif;ay:ae&if CLS ↵ command eJY Clear Screen jzpfatmif &Sif;vkdufygOD;/ tJ'Dtcgus&if Figure3.20.1 twkdif; awGYjrif&&if yHkrSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwkdif;java comboBox.java ↵

eJY compile vkyfyg/ NyD;&if

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

java combobox ↵

171

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm command eJY Run vkyfyg/ Compile & Run atmufu Figure rSm avhvmMunfhyg/

vkyfyHkudk

Figure 3.20.1 Compile & Run of the combobox.java program

uJ qufvufNyD;awmh tJ'Dtwkdif; Compile &Run vkyfvdkY &&Sdvmr,fh Output Windows udk Figure 3.20.2 rSm a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/ tJ'D Figure [m java combobox udk zefw;D &,lxm;wJh programs i,fav;ygyJ/

À Drop -Down Lists and Combo Boxes ta&SUoifcef;pmrSmwke;f uawmh tajccH oabmw&m;eJYyJ Demo program a&;jycJhwmaemf/ tajccH Theory tcsuf tvufawG bmwpfckrQ ryg0ifygbl;/ uRefawmfh&JU xHk;pH twkdif; tajccH Theory eJY structure method av;eJYawmh xnfhoGif;&Sif;jy&OD;rSmaygh/ 'grSom b,f method ( ) aMumifh bmawGjzpfvm&wmvJqw kd mudk em;vnfoabmaygufrmS aygh aemf/ Swing Class xJrSmyg0ifwJh JComboBox udk toHk;jyK r,fq&kd if drop- down lists taeeJYa&m? ComboBox taeeJY a&m? user Interface taeeJY pdwfBudKuf zefwD;&,lvdkY &Ekdifyg w,f/ • Drop-down lists qdkwmuawmh tck toHk;cscJhwJh JCombo Box udk ac:a0:wmygyJaemf/ 'D features tae eJY toHk;jyKr,fqdk&if ay;xm;wJh Data item field xJ u single item wpfckudk select vkyfNyD;awmh a&G;udk a&G;cs,f&rSmyg/ 'grSomvQif program &JU qufvkyf& r,ft h ykid ;f rSm yg0ifNyD;awmh vkyaf qmifEidk rf mS yg/ [Option Button (OR) Radio Button eJY tenf;i,f qifwlyg w,f/] 'gaMumifh olYudk choice lists vdkYvnf; ac:a0: ygw,f/ Note :

•

Figure 3.20.2 Running the combobox.java program

tay:rSm a&;om; &Sif;jycJhwmuawmh combobox udk Demonstrate vkyfjycJhwmygyJ/ tjcm;aom Java components awGrSmvdkrsKd;ygyJ/ aemufxyf examples wpfcktae eJYa&m comboBox &JU serval methods awGukda&m aoao csmcsm avhvmMunfMh u&atmifvm;/ 'gaMumifh Drop-Down lists and Combo Boxes qdkNyD;awmh example program eJYtwl a&;om; &Sif;jyay;xm;ygw,f/ qufvuf avhvm Munfhyg/

172

uReaf wmfuawmh tvG,w f ulyJ Drop-lists vdYkyJ ac: ygw,f/

Combo Boxes taeeJ Y u sawmh rl v Drop-lists features xuf ydNk yD; us,fjyefYvmygw,f/ bmawGus,f

jyefYvmovJqdkwmudk vufawGYavhvmNyD;awmh toHk;cs MunfhMu&atmifvm;/ JComboBox ( ) udk ac:,l toH;k csr,fq& kd if olY&UJ Class xJrmS yg0ifwhJ constructor ( ) function [m tvdt k avsmuf yg0ifvmygNyD/ txl;owdjyK&r,fh tcsufuawmh JComboBox ( ) &JU constructor function rSm arguments vHk;0 ryg0ifygbl;/ tvG,fajym&&ifawmh JComboBox ( ) has with no arguments ayghaemf/ aemufwpfcsufuawmh JComboBox ( ) method udk toH;k jyKNyD;awmh Data -Field xJukd Data item awG xnfo h iG ;f r,fqdk&if add Item (object) method udk toHk;jyK&ygr,f/ 'grSomvQif List xJudk Data Item awGudk jznfhoGif;NyD;om; jzpfrSmayghaemf/ 'gu Data Item awGudk udef;ao Input vkyfxm;wmudk ajymwmyg/ 'DtcgrSm SetEditable ( )

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm method udk toHk;jyK&rSmaemf/ toHk;jyK&r,fh arguments udkawmh true vkyfxm;&rSmaygh/ 'g[m Drop-down lists udk zefwD; toHk;cs&r,fh enf;vrf;ygyJ/ ComboBox taeeJYu awmh tJ'D field xJudk user u enter text vkyfNyDqdkwmeJY wpfzuf Drop-List uaeNyD;awmh Data Item udk pick vkyf

ay;ygw,f/ uJ b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpfayghaemf/ JComboBox Class xJrSm yg0ifwhJ serval method awGukd avhvmMunfMh u&atmifvm;/ tck a&;om;ay;r,fh serval method awGuawmh Dropdown list (OR) combo Box udk control vkyfr,fh method awGygyJ/ rlv method awGtwkid ;f yJ a&;om;ay;xm;ygw,f/ •

getItemAt (int) - Return the text of the list item at the index position specified by the integer argument. As with arrays, the first item of a choice list is at index position 0, the second at position 1, and so on. • getItem Count ( ) - Return the number of items in the list. • getselected Index ( ) - Return the index position of the currently selected item in the list. • getselected Item ( ) - Return the text of the currently selected item. • setSelected Index (int) - Select the item at the indicated index position. • setSelectedIndex (object) - Select the specified Object in the list. • setMaximumRow Count (int) - Set the number of rows in the combo box that are display at one time. uJ tck a&;jycJhwmawGuawmh JComboBox Class xJ rSm yg0ifwJh JComboBox (OR) Drop-down list eJY ,SOfwGJ NyD;awmh toHk;cs&r,fh method ( ) awGygyJ/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh JComboBox txJrmS yg0ifNyD;om; method awGygyJ/ 'Dawmh JComboBox eJY ywfoufwhJ oifcef;pmwpfy' k u f kd qufvuf avhvmMu&atmif/ Listing 3.16 taeeJY a&;om;ay;xm;yg

w,f/ aoaocsmcsm avhvmMunfhyg/ Listing 3.16 Advenced Method of JComboBox 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

import javax.swing.*; public class combo extends JFrame { JComboBox monthBox = new JComboBox ( ) ; JComboBox year Box = new JComboBox ( ) ;

7.

public combo ( ) {

8.

super ("selecting the Date");

9.

SetSize (350,250);

10. setDefault Close Operation (JFrame.EXIT_ON_ CLOSE); 11. JPanel pane = new JPanel ( ); 12. JLable exp = new JLabel ("Seleting the Date"); 13. pane. add (exp) ; 14. for (int i = 1; i <13; i + +) 15. month .addItem ( " " + i); 16. for (int j = 2006; j < 2020; j + +) 17. year .addItem ( " " + j); 18. pane. add (month) ; 19. pane .add (year); 20. setcontent Pane (pane) ; 21. Show ( ) ; 22. } 23. 24. public static void main (string [ ] args) { 25. combo Cb = new Combo ( ) ; 26. } 27. }

uJ 'gqdk&if Listing 3.16 rSm a&;jyxm;wJh code_line awGukd Analysis vkyMf unfMh u&atmifvm;/ t&if avhvmMu wmaygh/ Analysis

1/ vkdif;eHygwf (1) rSm import java.swing .*; package udk Declare vkyfNyD; ac:,lxm;ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (3) rSmrS combo qdkwJh primary class udk extends vkyf,l zefw;D ygw,f/ tJ'D primary class xJrSmrS constructor ( ) function udk ra&;cifrSmmonthBox yearBox tp&SdwJh Variable_Name ESpfckudk «wpfenf; ajym&&ifawmh object_Name ygyJ/» Declare vkyfyg w,f/ 'g[m Java Swing Package xJrmS yg0ifwhJ component object awGjzpfwJh JComboBox udk ac:,l toH;k cswmygyJ/ tJ'aD emuf vkid ;f eHygwf (7) rSmrS combo ( ) qdkwJh constructor function ukd a&;zGJYygw,f/

vkdif;eHygwf (8) rSmrS Super ("Selecting the Date"); udk a&;om;xm;wmyg/ 'g[m Output tjzpf&vmr,fh Frame_ Windows &JU Title Bar rSm yg0if&r,fh pmom;

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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm twGufygyJ/ Super ( ) Interitance Method eJY toHk;jyK xm;wmyg/ NyD;awmh Frame_Windows &JU t&G,ftpm; twGuf setsize ( ) method udk toH;k csNyD;awmh Width= 350, Height = 250 qdNk yD;awmh owfrw S yf gw,f/ NyD;awmh program_Run aepOfrmS EXIT_ON_CLOSE vkyE f idk zf Ykd twGuf setDefault Close Operation ( ) method ukd vkdif;eHygwf (10) rSm ac:,l toHk;csxm;ygw,f/ uJ NyD;awmh JPanel Class udk Object _Name pane tjzpf ajymif;vJ zefwD;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh JPanel Class &JU Object_ Name [m pane jzpfoGm;NyDaemf/ NyD;awmh JLabel Class udk ac:,ltoHk;csEkdifzdkYtwGuf Object_ Name udk exp vdYk ay;vku d yf gw,f/ vkid ;f eHygwf (13) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh

oabmaygufNyDaemf/ 'gqdk&ifawmh tJ'D code_line awGudk NotePad xJrSm oGm;a&mufNyD;awmh a&;om;Mu&atmifvm;/ NotePad xJrSm code_line awG a&;om;xm;yHkudk Figure 3.20.3 taeeJY a&;om;ay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

pane. add (exp);

qdkwJh code_line [m zefwD;xm;wJh JLabel awGudk JPanel xJudk add ( ) vkyfEkdifzdkY a&;om;xm;wJh code_ line ygyJ/ 2/ Month & Year awGudk ½dkufxkwfay;EkdifzdkYtwGuf for looping udk toH;k csxm;wmudk awGY&rSmyg/ month.add. Item (" " + i) udk ½dkufxkwfay;EkdifzdkYtwGuf for (int i [m 1 u pw,f; i [m 13 xufawmh i,fvdkY&w,f; i udk postfix order eJY aemufwpfvkdif;rSmrS 1 wdk;r,fqdkwJh Looping eJY ½dkufxkwfygw,f/ tJ'DvdkygyJ/ for (int j [m 2006 upw,f ; j [m 2020 xufawmh i,fvrd rhf ,f ; j udk portfix order increment eJY aemufwpfvkdif;rSmrS 1 wdk;r,fqdkNyD;awmh a&;om;ay; xm;ygw,f/ 'g[m month & year udk looping udk wGufxkwfygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf JPanel Class xJrSm yg0ifwJh add ( ) method xJudk looping yg0ifxm;wJh month & year udk xnfhoGif;ygw,f/ 'gawG[m combo ( ) constructor function xJrSm yg0ifwJh t"du program &JU ausm½dk;tydkif;awGygyJ/ 'Dyifr program yki d ;f udk wnfaqmufNyD;oGm;wJt h cgrSm constructor ( ) function udk 0ifvmatmifvdkY class udk object tjzpf zefw;D vdu k w f meJY tvdt k avsmuf 0ifvmawmhrmS yg/ 'gaMumifh vkid ;f eHygwf (24) rSmawmh main ( ) function udk a&;om;xm; ygw,f/ tJ'Dh main ( ) function xJrSmrS combo qdkwJh class udk cb qdw k hJ Object_Name tjzpfay;NyD; ac:,ltoH;k csvku d f ygw,f/ 'gqd&k iftay:rSm a&;om;cJw h hJ yifrausm½d;k tykid ;f jzpf wJh constructor ( ) function [m tvdktavsmuf yg0if tvkyfvkyfoGm;awmhrSmyg/ uJ'D code_line awGudk em;vnf

174

Figure 3.20.3 Write the program code_line In NotePad

tcka&;jyxm;wJh Figure 3.20.3 [m Listing 3.16 u program code_line awG u d k a&;om;NyD ; awmh save vkyx f m;wmygyJ/ Save vky&f r,fh CLASS PATH'S uawmh C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \ Bin xJrSmaemf/ File_Name uawmh combo.java yJ jzpfygw,f/ uJ tJ'D File udk Save vkyNf yD;&if command Prompt xJukd oGm;Ny;D awmh CD C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin ↵ qdNk yD;rS Directory path udak jymif;yg/ NyD;&if atmufyg command eJY compile vkyfyg/ javac combo.java

↵

tu,fí compile vkyv f u dk v f Ydk error r&Sb d ;l qd&k ifawmh atmufyg command eJY Run vkyfvkduf½HkygyJ/ java combo

↵

tJ'Dvdk command prompt xJrSm compile& Run vkyfyHkudk Figure 3.20.4 rSm a&;om;azmfjyay;xm;yg w,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

bmawG aysmufaysmuf b,fae&m a&mufa&muf Figure 3.20.4 Compile & Run of the combo. java program

'DtcgrSmawmh program &JU output udak tmufu Figure 3.20.5 twdkif; awGYjrif&rSmygyJ/ avhvmMunfhygOD;/

Figure 3.20.5 Running the Combo. java Program

uJ 'gqk&d ifawmh JComboBox (OR) DropDown List taMumif;udk em;vnfoabmaygufNyD;awmh program awG a&;wwfvmrSmygyJ/ qufvufNyD;awmh 3.5 Using the ImageIcon In JAVA qdkwJh oifcef;pmudk qufvuf avhvmvkdufygOD;/ Java Language xJrSm Image Icon Type awGudk toHk;cs a&;jy xm;ygw,f/ aoaocsmcsmavhvmMunfyg/ Image File awG udk File_type ajymif;vJNyD;awmh toHk;csenf;vnf; yg0ifyg w,f/

toufuav; &vmw,fqdk&ifyJ owdu arhwwfvmygw,f/ um;aomhudk tckyJ pm;yGJay: wifvdkufrdw,fxifw,f/ &SmrawGUawmhyg/ Loc8tor Ltd (www.loc8tor.com) rS xkwfvkyfvdkufwJh Loc8tor tracking device udkyJ tm;udk;&ygr,f/ tqdkygud&d,mav;u t&G,ftpm; 19.5_30.5_8.5 rDvDrDwmom&dSvdkY rdkbdkif;vf zkef;wpfvHk;vdkYvnf; ajymEdkifygw,f/ o,f,l& vG,fulovdk toHk;jyK&wmvnf; vG,fygw,f/ ay 600 0ef;usifrSm &dSaewJh uRefawmfwdkY&JU aysmufqHk;aew,fvdkY xif&aom ypönf;awGudk &Smay;rSmyg/ ypönf;qdkvdkY aomhwGJ? ta0;xdef; remote pwJh ypönf; twdktxGmawG qdkygawmh/ yxrawmh tJ'DxJu y½dk*&rfxJudk oif &Smay;apcsifwJh ypönf;awGudk xnfh&ygr,f/ 'Dvdk xnfhEdkifwJh ta&twGufay: rlwnfNyD; pufuav;&JUwefzdk;u 99 a':vmuae 169.99 a':vmtxd &dSEdkifygw,f/ 'Dvdk pufuav;udk uRefawmfwdkYvdk owd arhwwfolawGomru uav;awGeJY tbdk; tbGm;awGvnf; aqmifxm;oifhygw,f/ b,fvdk toHk;0ifr,f qdw k mxuf vufawGU oHk;Munfh&if aus;Zl;wif rdvdrfhr,fvdkY qdkvdkufyg&ap/

KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

uGefysLwm*sme,f rwfv? 2007 ckESpf

175