Managing Information Systems

Managing Information Systems

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Information Systems • Information Systems are becoming the foundation of business models and processes • They allow for the distribution of knowledge

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IT and IS • What is Information Technology? – Any form of technology used by people to handle information.

• What are Information Systems? – Integrated components processing, storing and disseminating information in an organisation. – Interdisciplinary study of systems that provide information to users in organisations. Pyle, I.C. & Illingworth, V. (Eds) (1996). Oxford Dictionary of Computing, 4th Edition. Oxford / New York: Oxford University Press 3

Information and Data • Information – Clusters of facts meaningful and useful to human beings in processes such as making decisions

• Data – Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions – meaningless without structure 4

Experiences of IT and IS • Examples of IT – Hardware (PC, UNIX server) – Software (e-mail, Internet, Windows, Word) – Consumer devices (mobiles, train times)

• Examples of IS – File systems, databases, e-mail servers / clients – e-commerce – SAP, student records 5

Management Information Systems • MIS – The study of information systems focusing on their use in business and management.

• Approaches – Technical – Behavioural – Sociotechnical 6

Approaches to IS TECHNICAL APPROACHES COMPUTER

OPERATIONS

SCIENCE

RESEARCH

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

MIS SOCIOLOGY

PSYCHOLOGY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES

SOCIOTECHNICAL 7

Why is IS Important? • For an organisation to survive and prosper – More locations (networking, Internet) – New products and services – Improve jobs and work flows: • Efficiency • Cost • Ethical and social issues

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Why is IS Important? • Worldwide changes: – – – –

Global economy Knowledge- or information-based society Business enterprise Digital firm

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Global Economy • Growing percentage of economy relies upon import and export • Need to operate globally • IS can provide global trading infrastructure

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Information Economy 70% 60%

% SERVICE

50%

% WHITE COLLAR

40%

% BLUE COLLAR

30%

% FARMING

20% 10%

19 97

19 80

19 70

19 60

19 50

19 40

19 30

19 20

19 10

19 00

0%

YEAR 11

Changes to Society • Change of employment profiles: – – – –

Less farming Less ‘blue collar’ – manufacturing Increased service Increased ‘white collar’ – office-based

• USA: 55% of work force are in knowledgeor information-based activities • Shift of manufacture to low-wage countries 12

Business Enterprise • • • •

Change from hierarchical organisations Now flat, decentralised Relies on instant information Flexibility with customer focus, with increasing importance

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Digital Firm • An organisation where: – Nearly all relationships with customers, suppliers and employees is digital – Business processes accomplished through digital networks

• Flexible • Dependent upon on IT 14

Course Objectives • Provide an understanding of – – – –

IS and underlying IT Impact on organisations of IS Implementation and management of IS IS and global organisations

• Provide awareness of IS in your role as a professional 15

Course Content • Information Systems in an Organisation • Information Systems, Organisations, Management and Strategy • Enhancing Management Decision Making • Managing Data and Information • Redesigning the Organisation with Information Systems and Managing Change 16

Course Content • Electronic Commerce and the Internet • Information Systems Security and Control • Managing International Information Systems • Managing Assets

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Tutorials • Three case studies over semester – Information systems, organisations and decision support – Changing organisations – International organisations and the Internet

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Assessment • One piece of individual course-work – – – –

40% of module Case study report Set in week 1 Due beginning week 12 (Monday by 5:00pm)

• Exam – 60% of module 19

Text Book • Haag, Cummings, McCubbrey (2004). Management Information Systems for the Information Age, 4th Edition. McGraw Hill. • Turban, McLean, Wetherbe (1999). Information Technology for Management, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. Inc. • Laudon, K.C. & Laudon, J.P. (2002). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 7th Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc. 20

Topics Topic Introduction

1

Information Systems in an Organisation

2, 11.1

Information Systems, Organisations, Management and Strategy

3

Enhancing Management Decision Making

13

Managing Data and Information

7, 12

Redesigning the Organisation with Information Systems and Managing Change

10, 11.2/3

Electronic Commerce and the Internet

4, 8, 9

Information Systems Security and Control

14

Managing International Information Systems

16

Managing Assets

5, 6 21

Case Study Planning a New Internet Business

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