Management (types Of Plan)

TYPES OF PLAN USED BY MANAGERS

SHORT-RANGE AND LONG-RANGE PLANS

 Short-range Plans cover 1 year or less  Intermediate-range Plans cover 1 to 2 years  Long-range Plans look 3 or more years into the future  Top management is most likely to be involved in setting long-range plans and directions for the organization as a whole, while lower management level focus more on short-run plans that help achieve long-term objectives.

STRATEGIC AND OPERATIONAL PLANS

 Strategic Plans set broad, comprehensive, and longer-term directions.  Strategic planning involves:

 Determining objectives for the entire organization.  Describing what and where it wants to be in the future.

 Operational Plans define what needs to be done in specific functions or work units to implement strategic plans.  Typical operational plans for a business firm include:  PRODUCTION PLANS – dealing with the methods and technology needed by people in their work  FINANCIAL PLANS – dealing with money required to support various operations  FACILITIES PLANS – dealing with facilities and work layouts  MARKETING PLANS – dealing with requirements of selling and distributing goods or services  HUMAN PLANS – dealing with the

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES RULES or PROCEDURES describe 

exactly what actions are to be taken in specific situations. They are often found stated in employee handbooks or manuals as “SOP’s” – standard operating procedures.

 POLICY communicates broad guidelines for making decision and taking action in specific circumstances.

BUDGETS AND PROJECTS  BUDGETS are single-use plans that commit resources to activities, projects, or programs. They are powerful tools that allocate scarce resources among multiple and often competing uses.  FIXED BUDGET – allocates a fixed amount of resources for a specific purpose.  FLEXIBLE BUDGET – allows the allocation of resources to vary in proportion with various levels of activity.  ZERO-BASED BUDGET – deals with this problem by approaching each new budget period as it if were brand new.

 PROJECTS – one time activity that have clear beginning and end points.  PROJECT MANAGEMENT –involves making sure that activities required to complete a project are completed on time, within budget, and in ways that otherwise meet objectives.

- MONDELO MANAGEMENT