Management Of Electic Plant

MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICITY FOR GREEN FIELD PLANTS 3. INTRODUCTION 4. SELECTION OF SITE 5. DETERMINATION OF POWER REQUIREMENT 6. PROCESS FOR GETTING POWER/OERC CODE 2004 7. CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSMISSION LINE 8. SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT FOR SUBSTATION 9. HOW TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY OF SYSTEM 10. DEMAND MANAGEMENT(POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT & ECONOMY) 11. WHERE TO INSTALL CAPACITOR 12. INDUSTRIAL M/CS 13. CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION 14. CONCLUSION

SELECTION OF SITE 1)LAND AVAILABILITY 2)APPROACH ROADS 3)AVAILABILITY OF WATER 4)AVAILABILITY OF POWER 5)NEARNESS TO RAW MATERIAL OR MARKET.

DETERMINATION OF POWER REQUIREMENT 3) DPR 4) ESTIMATION BASED ON MOTOR RATING 5) ESTIMATION BASED ON INDUSTRY NORMS 6) ESTIMATION BASED ON MAIN EQUIPMENT SUPPLIER. 7) EFFECT OF ESTIMATION ON PRODUCTION COST OR POWER COST

PROCESS OF GETTING POWER/OERC REGULATION 2004           

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APPLY TO DISTRIBUTION COMPANY, (DISTCO) WESCO, SOUTHCO,MESCO OR CESU. GET APPLICATION FORWARDED TO GRIDCO /OPTCL. SYSTEM STUDY BY GRIDCO SANCTION OF POWER. BY OPTCL SIGNING OF AGREEMENT WITH OPTCL DEPOSIT OF UP-GRADATION CHARGES OF RS 10 LACKS/MVA CONSTRUCTION OF LINE INSPECTION BY CHIEF ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR SINGING OF AGREEMENT WITH DISTCO SINGING OF CONNECTION AGREEMENT JOINT METER READING AND ENERZISATION

OERC DISTRIBUTION CODE 2004

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Construction of Transmission CHOICE WHO SHOULD DO- line PARTY OR OPTCL

1) 2) ROUTE SURVEY AND PRECAUTION 3) SUBMISSION OF ROUTE SURVEY FOR APPROVAL TO OPTCL 4) APPROVAL OF ROUTE BY OPTCL 5) APPROVAL OF VENDOR BY OPTCL 6) DESIGN OF THE LINE -CONSIDERING GROWTH -TRANSMISSION LOSS -ENVIORNMENT-CREEP DISTANCE -LONGIVITY -RELIABILITY 7) ORDERING OF MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT 8) INSPECTION BY MATERIAL BY OPTCL 9) TRANSPORT AND RECEIPT/ STORAGE OF

Selection of Equipments for substation             

1) Sanction criteria (a) Reliability (b) Economy and Kelvin”s law ( c) Loss Capitalisation (d) Lighting protection (e) Surge and travelling wave protection (f) Environment – Creep Distance (g) Stand by TRANSFORMER (h) Fault MVA and Normal Rating (i) BIL – Basic Insulation Level (j) Growth consideration (k) Demand management provision (l) Power factor Improvement facility

How to Improve reliability of System             

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CONSIDERATION DURING DESIGN CREEP LEVEL FAULT LEVEL CONSIDERATION BIS AND OTHER SPECIFICATION B I L

SIZE OF EQUIPMENTS INSULATION LEVEL AND POLARRIZATION INDEX (PI)(MINIMUM – 1.5) FOR TRANSFORMER TESTING AT MANUFACTURING WORKS. TYPE LIST FOR EQUIPMENT IF IT IS NEW DESIGN LINE TRANSFORMER. ROUTINE LIST OF ALL EQUIPMENT TESTING AS PER BIS SPECIFICATION ONLY. STANDARD OF TESTING ENGINEER

WHAT SHOULD A TEST ENGINEER DO BEFORE PROCEEDING FOR TESTING. READ ALL THE ORDER TERMS PROPERLY READ RELATED BIS AND INSURE THAT ALL TESTS ARE CONDUCTED AND WITNESSED. INSPECTION TOURS SHOULD NOT BE ONLY FOR SITE SEEING AND COMPLETING FORMALITIES BUT FOR REAL INSPECTION . ORIGINATION SHOULD FIX RESPONSIBILITY ON INSPECTOR.

Demand Management power Failure Improvement and economy LOAD SHEDDING

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POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT LOAD FACTOR EFFECTIVENESS LOW LAD FAILURE HIGHER ENERGY BILL HOW TO DO A) SEGREGATE LOAD VARIOUS CALORIES B) SWITCH OFF LOAD UNIMPORTANT LOAD IF MD GOING TO INCREASE. RESTART AFTER RECORDS MD DEVICE REDUCES. C) SWITCH OFF – AUTOMATICALLY – MANUALLY D) POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT I. PAY BACK OF POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT - 0’8-0’9---MAY BE A FEW MONTH -0’9-0’95 – MAY BE A ONE YEAR -0’95 TO1 – MAY BE A TWO YEAR IMPROVEMENT POWER FAILURE HELPS -REDUCE ENERGY BILL -INCENTIVE OF 5% INCREASE IN PF ABOVE 0’95 -NO PF PENALTY 0’5% DECREASE BELOW 0’9 PF

. WHERE TO INSTAL CAPACITOR  

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Three Level Control Partly at motor terminals – Max Benefit Partly at Substation 11 Kv Partly at Switch Yard

INDIVIDUAL M/CS       

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Selection Based on High Efficiency Based on High Power factor Based on Less Harmonics Based on Less Ripple factor SELECTION OF MOTORS Based on Variable Speed  AC Drive  DC Drive Fix Speed  Squirrel Case  Start Current Control Slipring  Auto Synchronous AC VARIABLE SPEED Slipring With  GRR  LRR  SPRS ( Slip Power Recovery System) SQUIREAL CAGE WITH Frequency Control DC Motor Thyister Control MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

INDIVIDUAL M/CS       

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Selection Based on High Efficiency Based on High Power factor Based on Less Harmonics Based on Less Ripple factor SELECTION OF MOTORS Based on Variable Speed  AC Drive  DC Drive Fix Speed  Squirrel Case  Start Current Control Slipring  Auto Synchronous AC VARIABLE SPEED Slipring With  GRR  LRR  SPRS ( Slip Power Recovery System) SQUIREAL CAGE WITH

CONCLUSION 

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TRAINING IS ESSENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUAL AND ECONOMY IN POWER COST REFRESHING AT REGULAR INTERVAL OTHERWISE WASTE OF TIME MAKE A PRACTICE OF SELF STUDY AND DO SELF MADE EXERCISES IF DO NOT GET ACTUAL FILED WORKING CHANCE READ ELECTRICITY ACT . RULES , RELEVANT BIS , REFERENCE BOOK LIKE JP SWITCH GEAR , TRANSFORMER .OERC CODES ETC