ÁÉc·?®f@¤» 5
8QGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH 5HOLJLRQ
,VODPLF TXHVWLRQV RQ D ZLGH YDULHW\ RI WRSLFV ZKLFK KDYH EHHQ DQVZHUHG LQ GHWDLO ZLWK IXOO H[SODQDWLRQ E\ WKH JUHDW 0DUMDC 7DTOLG \DWXOOK DOC8P DOMM DVK6KD\NK /XIXOOK DVI DO *XOS\JQ PD\ $OOK SURWHFWKLP 7UDQVODWHGLQWR(QJOLVKE\6DOHHP %KLPML ZZZDOPXELQRUJ
4XHVWLRQ :LWK ZKDW ZLVGRP RU UHDVRQ GLG$PU DO0RØPLQQ SHDFH EH XSRQ KLP JLYHWKHRDWKRIDOOHJLDQFH %D\CDK WR $E
%DNU NHHSLQJ LQ PLQG WKDW JLYLQJ WKHED\CDK WRKLPZDVDQDFFHSWDQFHRIKLV.KLOIDK DQG SURRIRIKLP$E
%DNU EHLQJRQWKHVLGHRIWKHWUXWK" $QVZHU ,Q UHODWLRQ WR WKH LVVXH RIWKHED\CDK RI$PU DO0RØ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
%DNU 3OHDVHSD\DWWHQWLRQWRWKHIROORZLQJSRLQWV
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ØPLQQ SHDFHEHXSRQKLP DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH FRXQWOHVV WH[WV RI GWK DQG RWKHU SURRIV ZDVWKHDSSRLQWHG.KOLIDK DQGWKHWUXH ,PP DQG GHYLDWLRQ IURP KLP WR DQ\RQHHOVH HYHQLIDOORIWKHSHRSOHDUHLQDJUHHPHQWRYHUWKDWRWKHU SHUVRQLVQRWSHUPLVVLEOHDQGLVDFDVHRI
þKôó¦¨÷¾ë ú÷Z»« Â
¦Á»¢ú÷I¾ì«
3XWWLQJDKHDGWKHRQHZKRP$OOK KDVOHIWWRWKHUHDU DQG OHDYLQJWKHRQHZKRP$OOK KDVJLYHQSUHIHUHQFHWR
Î
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
,I WKH .KLOIDK RI $E
%DNU ZDVEDVHGRQWKHWUXWKWKHQWKLVZRXOGLPSO\WKDWWKHKHVLWDQFHRIC$O DQG 6D\\LGDK =DKU SHDFH EH XSRQ ERWK RI WKHP DQG D ODUJHQXPEHURISHRSOHDQGUHYHUHG&RPSDQLRQVZDVQRW SURSHUDQG WKDWWKH\ZHUHQRWRQWKHSDWKRIWKHWUXWK
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
ª· ¾øç M¿À« ÌÀȢȩ̮°È ¢È¾ìó Ê
¦Âø àóÂÈ Þ¢¥É¢¬· ɳ̼ ø ºó¦ òø´ó¦É®¢ì ¢øïÉ®¢ëÉ¢ªüï û¤Êªô ëÈÂ
³
7R VXPPDUL]H RXU SRLQW QRWRQO\LVWKHUHQRURRPIRUGRXEWRUVNHSWLFLVPWKDW,PP C$O SHDFHEHXSRQKLP DQG WKH UHVWRIWKHFODQRI%DQ +VKLP DQGDODUJHQXPEHURIWKH&RPSDQLRQVUHIXVHGWRJLYHWKHLUED\CDK WRWKH.KDOIDKUDWKHUWKHLUUHIXVDOZDVNQRZQDQGHYLGHQWIRUDOOWRVHH
+RZHYHU LILWLVFODLPHGWKDWDIWHUWKRVHKDUVKDQGFRDUVHHYHQWVWKDWWRRNSODFHC$O SHDFHEHXSRQKLP DQGWKRVH ZKR VXSSRUWHGKLPJDYHWKHLUED\CDK DQGWKDWWKHLUED\CDK ZDVE\ZD\RIWKHLURZQLQZDUGSOHDVXUHDQGWKHLU SXUH KHDUW DQG LQWHQWLRQ WKHQLWLVQRWSRVVLEOHWRVXEVWDQWLDWHWKLVFODLP VLQFHWKHDGWK RIWKLVHYHQW LVD VLQJOH QDUUDWLRQ NKDEDUHZLG DQGLQWKHWHUPLQRORJ\RIWKHVFLHQFHRIDGWKLWLVGRXEWIXOPDVKN
N ,Q WKLV DGWK PDQ\ FRQWUDVWV DQGLUUHJXODULWLHVFDQDOVREHVHHQZKLFKDWWKLVSRLQWLQWLPHLVQRWWKHSODFHIRU GLVFXVVLRQ $Q\ZD\ZHDUHQRWDEOHWRFODVVLI\WKHLUED\CDK DVDQDXWKHQWLFED\CDK WKDWZRXOGKDYHDQ\EDVLV LQWKH,VOPLF OHJLVODWLRQ $W WKLV SRLQW ZH PHQWLRQ VRPHUHDVRQVWKDW,)LQGHHGWKLVED\CDK GLGRFFXULQKLVWRU\WKHQZK\LWPD\KDYH WDNHQSODFH
,W ZDV VHHQ E\C$OSHDFHEHXSRQKLP WKDWWRVWDQGXSWRZKDWKDGRFFXUUHGZRXOGQRWEHSRVVLEOHH[FHSWE\ UHVRUWLQJ WRDUPVZKLFKZDVQRWFRQFHLYDEOHVLQFHLWZRXOGUHVXOWLQDQLQWHUQDOZDUEHWZHHQWKH0XVOLPV 7KH FRQGLWLRQ DQG VLWXDWLRQ WKDW WKH 0XVOLP 8PPDK ZDVLQ ZDVVXFKWKDWYHU\UHFHQWO\WKURXJKWKH
Ï
SDLQV DQG WURXEOHV RI WKH1REOH3URSKHWEOHVVLQJVRI $OOK EHXSRQKLPDQGKLVIDPLO\ DQGWKURXJKWKHDVVLVWDQFHRI C$O SHDFH EH XSRQ KLP DQGRWKHUVWKHVHHGRIWUXHIDLWKDQGFRQYLFWLRQLQWKH2QHQHVVRI$OOK KDGMXVWEHHQ VRZQ LQWKHKHDUWVRIWKHEHOLHYHUVDQGDQLQWHUQDOZDUZRXOGQRWKDYHVHUYHGWKHFDXVHRI,VOP ,WZRXOG EH WKURXJK WKLV DFW WKDW WKH YHU\ IRXQGDWLRQV RI ,VOP ZRXOG EHSXWDWLQGDQJHUDQGZRXOGIRUFHWKH 0XVOLPVWRVWDQGXSLQUDQNVDJDLQVWRQHDQRWKHUZKRVHRXWFRPHRUFRQFOXVLRQZRXOGQHYHUEHUHDFKHG
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
$OOK IRUELG WKDW WKH UHOLJLRQ FRPHWRDFRPSOHWHVWDQGVWLOODQGWKHPRYHPHQWWKDWWKH3URSKHWEOHVVLQJVRI $OOK EH XSRQ KLP D QG KLVIDPLO\ KDGEURXJKWIRUWKZLWKWKHKHOSRIWKHSHRSOHVKRXOGVWRSIRUHYHQRQHPRPHQW LI D ZDU ZRXOG WDNH SODFH DPRQJVW WKH 0XVOLPV MXVW VR WKH JURXQGZRUNFRXOGEHODLGGRZQIRUWKH DGYDQFHPHQW RI WKH UHOLJLRQ RI ,VOP DQGLQRUGHUIRUWKHPDQGDWH DQGHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIWKH:LO\DK DQG .KLOIDK RIC$O WRWDNHURRWLQWKHIXWXUHMXVWDVKDSSHQHGODWHURQ :LWK WKH SDVVLQJ RI WLPH WKH WUXWKIXOQHVV RI WKH $KO DO%DW SHDFHEHXSRQDOORIWKHP DQGWKHEOXQGHUVDQG PLVWDNHV RIGHYLDWLQJIURPWKHWUXH ,PP WKDWKDGEHHQDSSRLQWHGZDVPDGHDSSDUHQWDQGRQWKHLURZQ WKH SHRSOH GHYHORSHG DQ DWWUDFWLRQ IRU WKH1REOH4XUCQ DQGWKH$KO DO%DW SHDFHEHXSRQDOORIWKHP DQGWKH WUXHEHOLHILQWKH,PPDK 7KH RSSRUWXQLW\ DOVR DURVHIRUWKH$KO DO%DW SHDFHEHXSRQDOORIWKHP WRJXLGHWKHSHRSOHWRWKHSXUHVSULQJV RI,VOPWKHWHDFKLQJVRIWKHUHOLJLRQWKHH[HJHVLVRIWKH4XUCQ DQGWKHWUXHUHOLJLRQRI,VOP ZLWKDOORILWV¶ UXOHV DQG UHJXODWLRQVSROLWLFDOWHDFKLQJVVRFLHWDODQGHWKLFDOLQVWUXFWLRQVDQGJXLGHOLQHV 0RUHLPSRUWDQW WKDQDOORIWKLVWKHFRUUHFWGLYLQHWKHRORJLFDOEHOLHIVZHUHFRQIHUUHGWRWKHSHRSOH
+RZHYHU LI DQ LQWHUQDO ZDU KDG WDNHQ SODFH LQ 0DGLQDK WKHQWKHFRUUXSWLRQGHYLDWLRQVHGLWLRQDQG UHYROWV WKDW ZRXOG KDYH VWHPPHG IURP WKLV DFW ZRXOG KDYH SXW DOO WKLQJV LQ GDQJHU RI FRPSOHWH DQQLKLODWLRQ DQGLWZDVEHFDXVHRIWKLVUHDVRQWKDWC$O SHDFHEHXSRQKLP UHMHFWHGWKHDGYLFHIURP$E
6XI\Q IRU KLP SD\LQJ ED\CDK WRC$O SHDFHEHXSRQKLP DQGFRQVLGHUHGWKLVDVDQDFWWKDWZRXOGLQLWLDWHVHGLWLRQDQG UHYROW
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
Ð
,Q VXPPDU\ C$O
DFWHGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHWHVWDPHQWWKDWZDVOHIWE\WKH3URSKHWEOHVVLQJVRI DQGGLGQRWHYHQFULQJHLQFDUU\LQJRXWWKHZLOOE\WKHDPRXQWRIWKHKHDGRID QHHGOH 7KH DUHQD RU HQYLURQPHQW WKDW ZRXOGFDXVHWKHIHHOLQJVRUHPRWLRQVRIDQ\EUDYHFRXUDJHRXV SRZHUIXO SHUVRQ WR EH VWLUUHGRUVWLPXODWHGZHUHDOOZLWQHVVHGKRZHYHUDQ\DFWWKDWKHVKRXOGQRWKDYH SHUIRUPHG QRU DQ\ZRUGVWKDWPXVWQRWEHVDLGZHUHQRWLVVXHG+HDFWHGZLWKFRPSOHWHNQRZOHGJHDQG E\REVHUYLQJDQGZHLJKLQJDOODQJOHVRIWKHVLWXDWLRQ SHDFH EH XSRQ KLP
$OOK EH XSRQ KLP DQG KLV IDPLO\
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
ÂÊhÄAî¸@ ƸD È d½ AÀdËk й¤ @ йs È A¥¸@ Kg d½
@ ÃB AÀ@ɤc h`D È ³-Ç 03/8 h¡@ hs
Ñ