Lucca Project New Final Shobhit.pdf

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Project Title

Tourism in Spain

By: Shobhit Shankhala Course: Travel and Tele-Sales Management Project Guide:Ms. Shama Thakur Institute: Kuoni Academy

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Consulting Project
 WORK DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT

AUTHOR:

NAME: Shobhit Shankhala

Tel./Mobile: +91-99280-26539


E-mail: [email protected]


ON BEHALF OF:

COMPANY: Kuoni Academy

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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ADDRESS (Tel./E-mail): (Connaught Place Centre Address)

CONTACT PERSON in the company: Anagha Hazare

TUTOR:

NAME: Anagha Hazare

CONTACT DETAILS (Tel./E-mail): Contact Number: +91 7400 462 999 Email: [email protected]

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CONSULTING PROJECT TITLE

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SUBJECT OF THE STUDY

A. Main contents of the project work:- Major destinations in Spain, Food and Festivals that are the main attractions of the country. for example:- la tomatina.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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B.Reason for choosing the topic:- Spain is a country which has a very interesting history and is a beautiful country as well. and also football which is major sports played there. C.Research already done in this topic:- Research on the beginning of football match and the history of Spain. D.Key points / main observations:- Football, Foods and festivals, historical sites. •

OBJECTIVES The main objective behind this topic was to explore Spain more and for the better understanding of the country, culture, sports and also the history.

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EXPECTED RESULTS From this topic i have learned the major art work of Spain and also the famous artist of Spain for example Pablo Picasso was a famous painter, Antonio Gaudi who is the behind the construction of la sagrada familia. I got the opportunity to explore Spain country as a whole.

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TRAVEL MANAGEMENT & TELE-SALES PROGRAMME/ M.I.C.E. MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME/ TRAVEL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME MODULES AND KNOWLEDGE BASE INVOLVED The primary Travel Management & Tele-Sales Programme/ M.I.C.E. Management Programme/ Travel Management Programme modules having an implication on this Consulting Project and other knowledge base used.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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METHODS AND RESOURCES Here a possible approach and tools to conduct the research are explained, which Research methodology is applied, which resources are used Primary Resources:- Books, internet, magazines etc Secondly resources:- Friends and faculties

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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DECLARATION

I, Ms./Mr. Shobhit Shankhala, Son/Daughter of Mr.Omprakash Saini, student of Travel Management & Tele-Sales Programme/ M.I.C.E. Management Programme/ Travel Management Programme, Batch No 5 of Barakhamba Road, New Delhi Centre of Kuoni Academy, hereby declare that this Final Project (Project Title) which is a part of my Travel Management & Tele-Sales Programme/ M.I.C.E. Management Programme and Travel Management Programme curriculum, is an original work of mine. It has been done under the guidance of Ms.Shama Thakur and has been done between 7th May 2018 to 4th June 2018.

PLACE: Delhi Centre, Connaught Place

DATE: 1st March, 2018

Signature: ________________

Name: Shobhit Shankhala

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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CERTIFICATION

I, Anagha Hazare, faculty at Kuoni Academy certify that Mr./Ms Shobhit Shankhala Son/Daughter of Mr.Omprakash Saini, student of Travel Management & Tele-Sales Programme/ M.I.C.E. Management Programme/ Travel Management Programme, Batch No 5 of Barakhamba Road Centre of Kuoni Academy, has done the Final Project: Tourism In Spain which is part of her/his Travel Management & TeleSales Programme/ M.I.C.E. Management Programme/ Travel Management Programme curriculum under my guidance between dd/ mm/yy to dd/mm/yy.

PLACE: (Delhi) Centre, (Connaught Place)

DATE: 03 June, 2018

Signature: _________________

Name: Anagha Hazare

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

During the course of me doing the project, Tourism In Spain quite a few people helped me in gathering data and in guiding me through the work. I would like to mention their names: 1. Tushar Khattar 2. Sparsh Duggal 3. Arpit Bhatia

Signature_________________

Name: Shobhit Shankhala

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Table of Contents

Sr. No.

Topic

Page No.

1

Introduction

10-12

2

History

13-14

3

Culture And Architecture

15-16

5

Cuisine and festivals

17-20

6

Historical sities

21-23

7

Major cities (Barcelona)

24-25

8

Madrid

26-27

9

Valencia

28-33

10

Seviile

34-36

11

Sports

37-38

12

WebliograhyBibliography

39

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Spain is considered an tropical country in Europe due to its friendly inhabitants, modern and relaxed lifestyle, its cuisine, energetic nightlife, and world-famous folklore and festivities. Among many places worth visiting are Spain's thriving capital Madrid, the vibrant coastal city of Barcelona, the famous "Running of the Bulls" at Pamplona, major Andalusian cities with Islamic architecture, like Seville, Granada and Córdoba, the Way of St. James and the idyllic Balearic and Canary Islands.With great beaches, fun nightlife, many cultural regions and historic cities, Spain makes a great destination for any kind of trip. A country of large geographic and cultural diversity, Spain is a surprise to those who only know its reputation for great beach holidays. There is everything from lush meadows and snowy mountains to huge marshes and deserts in the south east. While summer is the peak season because of the beaches, those who wish to avoid the crowds should consider visiting in the winter as attractions such as the Alhambra in Granada and La Gran Mesquita in Cordoba will not be overcrowded at that time. Spain holds a historical attachment to its neighbours Andorra, Portugal and France, to its former colonies, to former citizens and their descendants, and to a special category of former citizens, namely Sephardic Jews. Individuals from these categories may acquire Spanish citizenship in an accelerated fashion which may or may not require that the individuals reside in Spain, and residency requirements are as short as one to three years depending on the category. Citizens of countries in the European Union may acquire citizenship after living in Spain for five years. Citizens of any other country may acquire citizenship after residing in Spain for ten years. The population of Spain is growing in large part due to migration from areas that have a historical or linguistic attachment to Spain, such as Latin America [e.g Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador and Peru ], Europe (mostly Eastern Europe), Africa and Asia. Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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REGIONS Spain is divided into autonomías or autonomous regions, plus two independent cities. Some of the autonomías - notably the ones which have other official languages alongside Spanish - are regions with their own unique historical tradition. These include the Basque Country or Euskadi (Basque), Galicia (Galician), Catalonia or Catalunya, the Valencian region or Comunitat Valenciana, and the Balearic Islands or Illes Balears (Catalan), but also Andalusia. Travelers to these parts of the Iberian Peninsula should respect their history and language. The Canary Islands lie off the coast of Morocco and are geographically parts of Africa, as are the two cities of Ceuta and Melilla.For ease of reference, Spain's many regions can be grouped as follows:

Northwestern Spain:- Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria Northern Spain

:- Basque country, Navarre, La Rioja

Northeastern Spain :- Catalonia, Aragon Central Spain

:- Community of Madrid, Castile-La-Mancha, Castile -

Leon, Extremadura. Eastern Spain

:- Valencia,Murcia.

Andalusia,Balearic Islands and Canary Islands Autonomous Cities :-Ceuta, Melilla


Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Spain has hundreds of interesting cities. Here are the most populars:•

Madrid — the vibrant capital, with fantastic museums, interesting architecture, great food and nightlife

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Barcelona — Spain's second city, full of modernist buildings and a vibrant cultural life, nightclubs, and beaches

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Bilbao — industrial city, home to the Guggenheim Museum

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Cadiz — oldest city in Western Europe with nearly 3,900 years of history, celebrates a famous carnival

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Cordoba — The Grand Mosque of Cordoba is one of the world's finest buildings.

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Granada — stunning city in the south, surrounded by snow capped mountains of the Sierra Nevada, home of La Alhambra

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Seville — a beautiful, verdant city, and home to the world's third largest cathedral

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Valencia — Paella was invented here, has a very nice beach

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Zaragoza — fifth largest city of Spain that held the World Expo in 2008

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Costa Blanca — 200 km of white coast with plenty of beaches and small villages

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Costa Brava — the rugged coast with plenty of seaside resorts

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Costa del Sol — the sunny coast in the south of the country

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Gran Canaria — known as "a continent in miniature" due to its many different climates and landscapes[9]

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Ibiza — a Balearic island; one of the best places for clubbing, raving, and DJs in the entire world

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La Rioja — Rioja wine and fossilised dinosaur tracks

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Mallorca — the largest island of the Balears, full of amazing beaches and great nightlife

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Sierra Nevada — the highest mountains on the Iberian Peninsula, great for walking and skiing

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Tenerife — offers lush forests, exotic fauna and flora, deserts, mountains, volcanoes, beautiful coastlines and spectacular beaches

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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HISTORY:Spain is a storied country of stone castles, snowcapped mountains, vast monuments, and sophisticated cities, all of which have made it a favoured travel destination. The country is geographically and culturally diverse. Its heartland is the Meseta, a broad central plateau half a mile above sea level. Much of the region is traditionally given over to cattle ranching and grain production; it was in this rural setting that Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote tilted at the tall windmills that still dot the landscape in several places. In the country’s northeast are the broad valley of the Ebro River, the mountainous region of Catalonia, and the hilly coastal plain of Valencia. To the northwest is the Cantabrian Mountains, a rugged range in which heavily forested, rainswept valleys are interspersed with tall peaks. To the south is the citrusorchard-rich and irrigated lands of the valley of the Guadalquivir River, celebrated in the renowned lyrics of Spanish poets Federico García Lorca and Antonio Machado; over this valley rises the snowcapped Sierra Nevada. The southern portion of the country is desert, an extension of the Sahara made familiar to Americans through the “spaghetti western” films of the 1960s and early ’70s. Lined with palm trees, rosemary bushes, and other tropical vegetation, the southeastern Mediterranean coast and the Balearic Islands enjoy a gentle climate, drawing millions of visitors and retirees, especially from northern Europe.Spain’s countryside is quaint, speckled with castles, aqueducts, and ancient ruins, but its cities are resoundingly modern. The Andalusian capital of Sevilla (Seville) is famed for its musical culture and traditional folkways; the Catalonian capital of Barcelona for its secular architecture and maritime industry; and the national capital of Madrid for its winding streets, its museums and bookstores, and its around-the-clock lifestyle. Madrid is Spain’s largest city and is also its financial and cultural centre, as it has been for hundreds of years.The many and varied cultures that have gone into the making of Spain—those of the Castilians, Catalonians, Lusitanians, Galicians, Basques, Romans, Arabs, Jews, and Roma (Gypsies), among other peoples—are renowned for their varied Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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cuisines, customs, and prolific contributions to the world’s artistic heritage. The country’s Roman conquerors left their language, roads, and monuments, while many of the Roman Empire’s greatest rulers were Spanish, among them Trajan, Hadrian, and Marcus Aurelius. The Moors, who ruled over portions of Spain for nearly 800 years, left a legacy of fine architecture, lyric poetry, and science; the Roma contributed the haunting music called the cante jondo, which, wrote García Lorca, “comes from remote races and crosses the graveyard of the years and the fronds of parched winds. It comes from the first sob and the first kiss.” Even the Vandals, Huns, and Visigoths who swept across Spain following the fall of Rome are remembered in words and monuments, which prompted García Lorca to remark, “In Spain, the dead are more alive than the dead of any other country in the world.” In 1492, the year the last of the Moorish rulers were expelled from Spain, ships under the command of Christopher Columbus reached America. For 300 years afterward, Spanish explorers and conquerors traveled the world, claiming huge territories for the Spanish crown, a succession of Castilian, Aragonese, Habsburg, and Bourbon rulers. For generations Spain was arguably the richest country in the world, and certainly the most far-flung. With the steady erosion of its continental and overseas empire throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, however, Spain was all but forgotten in world affairs, save for the three years that the ideologically charged Spanish Civil War (1936–39) put the country at the centre of the world’s stage, only to become ever more insular and withdrawn during the four decades of rule by dictator Francisco Franco. Following Franco’s death in 1975, a Bourbon king, Juan Carlos, returned to the throne and established a constitutional monarchy. The country has been ruled since then by a succession of elected governments, some socialist, some conservative, but all devoted to democracy.


Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Culture:The cultures of Spain are European cultures based on a variety of historical influences, primarily based on pre-Roman Celtic and Iberian culture. Other peoples such as Romans, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks also had some influence. In the areas of language and also religion, the Ancient Romans left a lasting legacy in the Spanish culture because Rome created Hispania as a political, legal and administrative unit.The subsequent course of Spanish history added other elements to the country's culture and traditions.The Visigothic Kingdom left a sense of a united Christian Hispania that was going to be welded in the Reconquista. The Visigoths kept the Roman legacy in Spain between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Early Middle Ages.Muslim influences remained during the Middle Ages in the areas conquered by the Umayyads, however, these influences had not been completely assimilated into the Spanish culture. Spanish culture before and after the arrival of the Muslims was based heavily on Roman heritage and the primary religion practised was Catholicism. A comparison can be drawn with the North African nations, who also lived under the Roman Empire before Muslim rule. However, there is scarce reminder of the Roman presence in North Africa as the predominant culture is Arabic nowadays. Around 75% of modern Spanish language is derived from Latin. Ancient Greek has also contributed substantially to Spanish vocabulary, especially through Latin, where it had a great impact. Spanish vocabulary has been in contact from an early date with Arabic, having developed during the Al - Andaluz era in the Iberian Peninsula with around 8% of its vocabulary being Arabic in origin and minor influences but not least from other languages including Basque, Iberian, Celtic and Gothic. Another influence was the minority Jewish population in some cities. After the defeat of the Muslims during the Christian Reconquista ("Reconquest") period between 718 and 1492, Spain became an entirely Roman Catholic Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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country. In addition, the nation's history and its Mediterranean and Atlantic environment have played a significant role in shaping its culture, and also in shaping other cultures, such as the culture of Latin America through the colonization of the Americas. By the end of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Spaniards made expressions of cultural diversity easier than it had been for the last seven centuries.This occurred at the same period that Spain became increasingly drawn into a diverse international culture.Spain has the third highest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the world, after Italy and China, with a total of 45.

Architecture:- During the Prehistoric period, the megalithic Iberian and Celtic architectures developed. Through the Roman period, both urban development (ex. the Emerita Augusta) and construction projects ( the Aqueduct of Segovia) flourished. After the pre-Romanesque period, in the architecture of Al-Andalus, important contributions were made by the Caliphate of Córdoba (The great mosque of cordoba), the Taifas (Aljafería, in Zaragoza), the Almoravids and Almohads (La Giralda, Seville), and the Nasrid of the Kingdom of Granada (Alhambra, Generalife).

Later, several currents appear: Mudéjar (the Alcázar of Seville), the Romanesque period (the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela), the Gothic period (the Cathedrals of Burgos, León and Toledo), the Renaissance (Palace of Charles V in Granada), the Baroque period (Granada Cathedral), the Spanish colonial architecture, and Neoclassical style (ex. the Museo del Prado) are the most significant. In the 19th century eclecticism and regionalism, the Neo - Mudejar style and glass architecture bloom. In the 20th century, the Catalan Modernisme (La Sagrada Família by Gaudí), modernist architecture, and contemporary architecture germinated.


Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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FOODS AND FESTIVALS:Spain has a lot of local festivals that are worth going to. •

Feria de Abril (Sevilla in April/May) - Best fair in the whole Iberian peninsula that attracts thousands of people from all over the world. If you enjoy folklore, flamenco, dancing and drinking, this is your place.

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Sevilla's & Malaga’s Semana Santa - Worth seeing. From Palm Sunday to Easter Sunday. Lots of processions occur within that week. Holy week- best in Seville and the rest of Andalusia; also interesting in Valladolid (silent processions) and Zaragoza (where hundreds of drums are played in processions).

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Córdoba en Mayo (Cordoba in May) - great month to visit the Southern city.

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Las Cruces (1st week in May) - big flower-made crosses embellishing public squares in the city centre, where you will also find at night music and drinking and lot of people having fun.

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Festival de Patios - one of the most interesting cultural exhibitions, 2 weeks when some people open doors of their houses to show their old Patios full of flowers.

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Arde Lucas - biggest roman recreation festival of Europe, all inside the walled city of Lugo, UNESCO World Heritage. Last weekend on June.

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Cata del Vino Montilla - Moriles - great wine tasting in a big tent in the city centre during one week in May

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Dia de Sant Jordi - The Catalan must, in April 23rd Barcelona is embellished with roses everywhere and book-selling stands can be found in the Rambla. There are also book signings, concerts and diverse animations.

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Fallas - Valencia's festival in March - burning the "fallas" is a must.

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San Fermines - July in Pamplona, Navarra.

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Fiesta de San Isidro - May 15 in Madrid - a celebration of Madrid's patron saint.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Carnival - best in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Cádiz.

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Cabalgata de los Reyes Magos “Three wise men parade” - on the eve of epiphany, 5th of January, the night before Spanish kids get their Christmas presents, it rains sweets and toys in every single town and city.

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San Sebastian International Film Festival - held annually in San Sebastian, a gorgeous city in the Basque Country.

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La Tomatina - A giant tomato fight.

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Moros y Cristianos (Moors and Christians, mostly found in Southeastern Spain during spring time) - parades and "battles" remembering the fights of medieval ages.

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85 festivals in Galicia throughout the year from wine to wild horses.

Spanish dishes Typical Spanish dishes include: •

Aceitunas, Olivas: Olives, often served for nibbling.

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Bocadillo de Calamares: Fried battered calamari served in a ciabatta sandwich with lemon juice.

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Boquerones en vinagre: Anchovies marinated in vinegar with garlic and parsley.

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Caracoles: Snails in a hot sauce.

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Calamares en su tinta: Squid in its ink.

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Chipirones a la plancha: Grilled little squids.

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Churros: A fried horn-shaped snack, sometimes referred to as a Spanish doughnut. Typical for a Spanish breakfast or for tea time. Served with hot chocolate drink.

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Empanadas Gallegas: Meat or tuna pies are also very popular in Madrid. Originally from region of Galicia.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Ensaladilla Rusa OR “Russian Salad”: This dish of Russian origin, is widely consumed in parts of Eastern Europe and the Middle East, extremely popular in Spain.

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Fabada asturiana: Bean stew from Asturias.

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Gambas al ajillo: Prawns with garlic and chili. Fantastic hot stuff.

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Gazpacho Andaluz: Cold vegetable soup. Best during the hot weather. It's like drinking a salad.

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Lentejas: A dish made from lentils with chorizo sausage and Serrano ham.

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Mariscos: Shellfish from the cities of Pontevedra.

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Merluza a la Vizcaina: The Spanish are not very fond of sauces. One of the few exceptions is merluza a la Vasca. The dish contains hake (fish of the cod family) prepared with white asparagus and green peas.

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Potajes or pucheros: Garbanzo beans stew at its best

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Paella or Paella Valenciana: This is a rice dish originally from Valencia. Rice is grown locally in what look like wheat fields, and this is the variety used in paella. The original paella used chicken and rabbit, and saffron. Nowadays varieties of paella can be found all over Spain, many containing seafood. Locals suggest to find true paella in large parties like a wedding in a village, but few restaurants still can compete with it.

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Patatas Bravas: Fried potatoes which have been previously boiled, served with a spicy sauce. They are potatoes cut in form of dices or prism, of one to two centimeters of size approximately and that they are fried in oil and accompanied by a sharp sauce that spills on potatoes using hot spices.

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Pescaito frito: Delicious fried fish that can be found mainly in southern Spain

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Pimientos rellenos: Peppers stuffed with chopped meat or seafood. The peppers in Spain taste different than all other peppers in Europe.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Potaje de espinacas y garbanzos: Chick pea stew with spinach. Typical of Seville.

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Revuelto de ajetes con setas: Scrambled eggs with fresh garlic sprouts and wild mushrooms. Also commonly contains shrimps.

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Setas al ajillo/Gambas al ajillo: Shrimps or wild mushrooms fried in garlic.

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Sepia con alioli: Fried cuttlefish with garlic mayonnaise. Very popular among tourists.

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Tortilla de patatas: Spanish egg omelet with fried potato. Probably the most popular dish in Spain. You can easily assess how good a restaurant is by having a small piece of its potato tortillas. Frequently it is made also with onion, depending on the zone or the pleasure. The potatoes must be fried in oil(olive oil), and they are left soaking with the mishmash egg for more than 10 minutes.

La Paella

El Gazpacho


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Historic cities Historically, Spain has been an important crossroads: between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, between North Africa and Europe, and as Europe beginning pioneering the New World, between Europe and the Americas. As such, the country is blessed with a fantastic collection of historical landmarks - in fact, it has the second largest number of UNESCO Heritage Sites and the largest number of World Heritage Cities of any nation in the world. In the south of Spain, Andalusia holds many reminders of old Spain. Cadiz is considered as one of the oldest continuously-inhabited cities in western Europe, with remains of the Roman settlement that once stood here. Nearby, Ronda is a beautiful town situated atop steep cliffs and noted for its overindulge bridge and the oldest bullring in Spain. Cordoba and Granada hold the most amazing reminders of the nation's Muslim past, with the redand-white striped arches of the Mesquita in Cordoba and the stunning Alhambra palace stand on a hill above Granada. Seville, the cultural centre of Andalusia, has brilliant collections of sights built when the city was the main port for goods from the Americas, the grandest of which being the city's cathedral, the largest in the country. Moving north across the plains of La Mancha into Central Spain, spectacular Toledo stands as perhaps the historical centre of the nation, a beautiful medieval city sitting atop a hill that once served as the capital of Spain before Madrid was built. Not far from the Portuguese border, Merida contains well conserved Roman ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage site. North of Madrid and an easy day-trip from the capital city is El Escorial, once the centre of the Spanish empire during the time of the interrogation; Segovia, noted for its picturesque Roman conduit which spans one of the city's squares; and the beautiful walled city of Avila. Further north, culture tourists will enjoy Burgos, with its beautiful Gothic cathedral and the world famous archaeological site of Atapuerca; Leon, whose Gothic cathedral was the first national protected Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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building; Salamanca, known for its famous university and plentifulness of historic architecture; and Soria, with the nearby pre-roman archaeological site of Numancia. Galicia in northwestern Spain is home to Santiago de Compostela, the end point of the old Way of St. James (Camino de Santiago) pilgrimage route and the supposed burial place of St. James, with perhaps the most beautiful cathedral in all of Spain at the heart of its lovely old town. Northeastern Spain has a couple of historical centres: Zaragoza, with Roman, Muslim, medieval and reawakening buildings from throughout its two thousand years of history, and Barcelona with its medieval Barre Gothic neighbourhood. Visitors should be aware of the limited hours and likely entrance fees at many historic Spanish churches. With entry fees averaging €8, families will need to take the expense of religious sightseeing in Spain into account. Another important points to remember when planning our trip to Spain are the limited hours of access to Spanish churches. Unlike neighbouring countries for example Italy, France and Germany, churches in Spain are only open for mass once or twice a day and thus, only open to the local worshipping population. While large cathedrals are open all day, these only represent some of the outstanding christian legacy of Spain. When combined with the high entry prices and bans on photography levied against you to visit most of the large cathedrals of the country, a trip to Spain to indulge yourself in Christian history might be challenging one. Art museums Spain has played a key role in Western art, heavily influenced by French and Italian artists but very distinct in its own regard, owing to the nation's history of Muslim influence, Counter-Reformation climate and, later, the hardships from the decline of the Spanish empire, giving rise to such noted artists like El Greco, Diego Velázquez and Francisco Goya. In the last century, Spain's unique position in Europe brought in front some of the leading artists of the Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Modernist and Surrealist movements, most notably the famed Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dali. Today, Spain's two largest cities hold the lion's share of Spain's most famous artworks. Madrid's Museum Triangle is home to the Museo del Prado, the largest art museum in Spain with many of the most famous works by El Greco, Velázquez, and Goya as well as some notable works by Italian, Flemish, Dutch and German masters. Nearby sits the Reina Sofía, most notable for holding Picasso's Guernica but also containing a number of works by Dalí and other Modernist, Surrealist and abstract painters. Barcelona is eminent for its stunning collection of modern and contemporary art and architecture. This is where we can find the Picasso Museum, which covers the artist's early career quite well, and the architectural wonders of Antonio Gaudi(man behind la sagrada familia) with their twisting organic forms that are a delight to look at. A day trip from Barcelona is the town of Figueres, noted for the Salvador Dali Museum, designed by the ultramodern himself. Outside of Madrid and Barcelona, the art museums quickly decrease in size and importance, although there are a couple of worthy mentions that should not be looked over: Many of El Greco's most famous works lie in Toledo, an easy day trip from Madrid. The Disrobing of Christ, perhaps El Greco's most famous work, sits in the Cathedral, but we can also find work by him in one of the small art museums around town. Valladolid is home to the National Museum of Sculpture, with an massive collection ranging from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. Bilbao in the Basque Country of northern Spain is home to a picturesque Guggenheim Museum designed by Frank Gehry which has put the city on the map.Besides the public museums, we can also find some contemporary art treasures in private galleries. A directory containing a major part of them is available at Consorcio De Galerias. Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Major Cities:- 1. BARCELONA Founded as a Roman city, in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona. After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon, Barcelona continued to be an important city in the Crown of Aragon as an economic and administrative centre of this Crown and the capital of the Principality of Catalonia. Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination. Particularly prominent are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Louis Demonic i Montaner, which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean is located in Barcelona. The city is known for hosting the 1992 Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions and also for many international sport tournaments. Barcelona is one of the world's leading tourist, economic, trade fair and cultural centres, and its influence in commerce, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. It is a major cultural and economic centre in southwestern Europe, 24th in the world, before Zurich and after Frankfurt,and a financial centre. In 2008 it was the fourth most economically powerful city by GDP in the European Union and 35th in the world with GDP amounting to €172 billion.In 2012 Barcelona had a GDP of $165 billion; and it was leading Spain in employment rate in that moment. Major Attractions In Barcelona:1. World Heritage Sights. 2. Historic Building And monuments. 3. Museum. 4. Beaches. 5. Other sights.

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LA Sagrada Familia In 1882, construction of the La Sagrada Família started under architect Francisco de Paula del Villar. In 1883, when Villar resigned,Gaudí took over as chief architect, transforming the project with his architectural and engineering style, combining Gothic and curvilinear Art Nouveau forms(Curved form) Gaudí devoted the remainder of his life to the project, and at the time of his death at age 73 in 1926, less than a quarter of the project was complete.Depending solely on private donations, Sagrada Familia's construction progressed slowly and was interrupted by the Spanish Civil War, only to resume discontinuous progress in the 1950s. Since the beginning of the construction in 1882, advancements in technologies such as computer aided design and computerised numerical control have enabled faster progress and construction passed the midpoint in 2010. However, some of the project's greatest challenges remain, including the construction of ten more spires, each symbolising an important Biblical figure in the New Testament. It is anticipated that the building can be completed by 2026—the centenary of Gaudí's death. The National museum of art Catalonia. The museum is housed in the Palau Nacional, a huge, Italian-style building established in 1929. The Palau Nacional, which has housed the Museo d'Art de Catalunya since 1934, was declared a national museum in 1990 under the Museums Law passed by the Catalan Government. That same year, a thorough renovation process was launched to renovate the site, based on plans drawn up by the architects Gae Aulenti and Enric Steegmann, who were later joined in the undertaking by Josep Benedito. The Oval Hall was reopened in 1992 on the occasion of the Olympic Games, and the various collections were installed and opened over the period from 1995 to 2004. The Museo Nacional d'Art de Catalunya and also called Museo Nacional, was officially inaugurated on 16 December 2004.It is one of the largest museums in Spain. Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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2.MADRID Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain, as well as the capital of the self-governing community of the same name, Comunidad de Madrid. The population of the city is roughly 3.1 million with a metro area population of almost 6.2 million. Madrid is best known for its great cultural and artistic heritage, a good example of which is the El Prado Museum. Madrid also possess some of the liveliest nightlife in the world.The culture of Madrid is largely influenced by its royal history, as the centre of the Spanish Empire. The Royal Palace, big places and buildings used by the Spanish Monarchy, extensive cathedrals and churches are plentiful in Madrid, as well as medieval architecture, although nowadays Madrid is just as much a cosmopolitan city as Berlin or London, full of new architecture, lifestyle and culture. Spring and autumn are definitely the best times to visit, especially the months of April, May, June, September and October. There is very little rainfall during summer and also less rainfall during winter.The citizens of Madrid, who refer to themselves as Madrileños or the more traditional and currently rarely used term "Gatos" (cats), live by a daily routine that is heavily influenced by the climate. Due to the typically midday heat during summer, a "siesta" can be still observed during which some citizens take a break to cool off. Major Attractions in Madrid. 1.Ferrai Museum. 2. National museum of science and culture. 3. National museum of science and technology. 4.National archaeology museum. 5. Museum of Prado. 6. Palace of Real Madrid.

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Museo Del Prado:The Prado Museum is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It is widely considered to have one of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the 12th century to the early 20th century, based on the former Spanish Royal Collection, and the single best collection of Spanish art. Founded as a museum of paintings and sculpture in 1819, it also contains important collections of other types of works. El Prado is one of the most visited sites in the world, and it is considered one of the greatest art museums in the world. The numerous works by Francisco Goya, the single most extensively represented artist, as well as by Hieronymus Bosch, El Greco, Peter Paul Rubens, Titian, and Diego Velázquez, are some of the highlights of the collection.The collection currently comprises around 7,900 drawings, 6,200 paintings, 3,800 prints, and 1,400 sculptures, in addition to a large number of other works of art and historic documents. As of 2012, the museum displayed about 1,500 works in the main buildings, while around 4,100 works were on temporary loan to various museums and official institutions. The remainder were in storage. Palacio Real De Madrid:The Royal Palace of Madrid is the official residence of the Spanish Royal Family at the city of Madrid, but it is only used for state ceremonies. The palace has 135,000 square metres of floor space and contains 3,418 rooms.It is the largest royal palace in Europe by floor area.King Felipe VI and the Royal Family do not live in the palace, choosing instead the more modest Palace of Zarzuela on the outskirts of Madrid.The palace is owned by the Spanish State and administered by the Patrimonio Nacional, a public agency of the Ministry of the Presidency. Several rooms in the palace are regularly open to the public except during state functions.The palace is located on the site of a 9th-century Alcazar After Madrid fell to King Alfonso VI of Castile in 1083, the edifice was only rarely used by the kings of Castile. In 1329, King Alfonso XI of Castile convened the cortes of Madrid for the first time. King Felipe II moved his court to Madrid in 1561.
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Valencia:Valencia is on the east coast of Spain, is the capital of the independent community of Valencia and the third-largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, with around 700,00 inhabitants in the administrative centre. Its urban area extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of around 1.4–1.5 million people. Valencia is Spain's third largest metropolitan area, with a population ranging from 1.5 to 2.3 million depending on how the metropolitan area is defined. The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea. The city is ranked at Gamma+ in the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Valencia is integrated into an industrial area on the Costa del Azahar. Valencia was founded as a Roman colony by the consul Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus in 138 BC, and called Valentina Edetanorum. In 714 Moroccan and Arab Moors occupied the city, introducing their language, religion and customs; they implemented improved irrigation systems and the cultivation of new crops as well, being capital of the Taifa of Valencia. In 1238 the Christian king James I of Aragon damaged the city and divided the land among the nobles who helped him conquer it, as witnessed in the Llibre del Repartiment. He also created a new law for the city, the Furs of Valencia, which were extended to the rest of the Kingdom of Valencia. In the 18th century Philip V of Spain abolished the privileges as punishment to the kingdom of Valencia for aligning with the Habsburg side in the War of the Spanish Succession. Valencia was the capital of Spain when Joseph Bonaparte moved the Court there in the summer of 1812. It also served as capital between 1936 and 1937, during the Second Spanish Republic. The city is situated on the banks of the Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fronting the Gulf of Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea. Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, this heritage of ancient monuments,

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views and cultural attractions makes Valencia one of the country's most popular tourist destinations. Due to its long history, this is a city with countless popular celebrations and traditions, such as the Fallas featuring the traditional Spanish dish paella, which were declared as Fiestas of National Tourist Interest of Spain in 1965 and Intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in November 2016. The original Latin name of the city was Valentia meaning "strength", or "courage", the city being named according to the Roman practice of recognising the courage of former Roman soldiers after a war. The Roman historian Livy explains that the founding of Valentia in the 2nd century BC was due to the settling of the Roman soldiers who fought against an Iberian rebel, Viriatus. Major Attractions in Valencia. 1. National Ceramic Museum(Museo Nacional de ceramica) 2. Valencian Institute of Modern Art. 3. Museum of the history of Valencia. 4. Biopark (Bioparc) 5. Museum of fine Arts. 6. La lonja. 7. City of Arts and Science. 8. Turia Gardens.

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City of Science And Arts:Designed by Santiago Calatrava and Félix Candela, the sleek white complex comprises a science museum, IMAX cinema and planetarium, opera house and marine park, all housed in extraordinary sculptural spaces. The museum, a huge pavilion of mosaic tiles and parabolic arches, is fun rather than stuffy, with lots of interactive exhibits that change every few months. The Oceanographic is the biggest and most elegant aquarium in Europe with more than 45,000 species, an IMAX Cinema, planetarium and laserium. The building is meant to resemble a giant eye, and has an approximate surface of 12,000 m². The Hemispheric is also known as the planetarium or the “eye of knowledge,” is the centre piece of the City of Arts and Sciences. It was the first building completed in 1998. Its design looks like an eyelid that opens to access the surrounding water pool. The bottom of the pool is glass, creating the image of the eye as a whole. This planetarium is a half-sphere which is composed of concrete 110 meters long and 55.5 meters wide. The shutter is built of broaden aluminium sunshade that fold upward collectively to form a brise soleil roof that opens along the curved axis of the eye. It opens to reveal the dome, the "iris" of the eye, which is the Ominax theatre. The City of Arts and Sciences is divided in half by a set of stairs that goes down into the vaulted concrete lobby. The underground spaces are brighten with the use of semi-transparent glass panels within the walking path. The transparent roof is supported by concrete arches that connect to the depressed gallery. There is a inexplicable echo inside of the building and if two people stay on the two opposite pillars inside of the eye they can flawlessly speak with each other.

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The Hemispheric

Bioparc

Turia Gardens:The Turia Gardens is one of the largest urban parks in Spain. It runs through the city along 9 kilometres of green space boasting foot paths, leisure and sports areas, and romantic spots where you can unroll. From Cabecera Park to the City of Arts and Sciences, the Turia Gardens are the perfect place for runners, cyclists, families and for nature lovers. It is Crossed by 18 bridges full of history, the former riverbed passes by the city's main museums and monuments on either bank.The vast gardens are built on the former river bottom of the Turia, whose course was altered to prevent constant flooding in the city. After a destructive flood on 14th October 1957, the Turia's course was diverted south of the city, leaving a huge tract of land that crosses the city from West to East, bordering the historical centre. Several urban planners and landscapists designed different sections of the park, recreating the former river scenery. They created a unique itinerary of palm trees and orange trees, fountains and pine woods, aromatic plants and ponds, sports facilities and rose beds.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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The gardens were established in 1986. The Cabecera Park and Bioparc border, the huge gardens to the west, and the futuristic City of Arts and Sciences border it on the opposite side, near the mouth of the river. The Turia Gardens connect a realistic-looking African savannah in the Bioparc with the underwater world and ecosystems you can visit in the Oceanographic, and the glorious opera auditorium and Palau de Les Arts housed in the City of Arts and Sciences. There are many other interesting stops along the way. In the huge Gulliver park, children can climb onto the fingers, hair and legs of a giant, 70m horizontal figure and slide down them like Lilliputians. Museum Of fine Arts. This museum's history is closely linked to that of the 'Real Academia de Bellas Arts de San Carlos' in Valencia. This school frequently created statues for the Spanish King, Carlos III, and so after some years they had built up a large collection of works by both, the students and the masters of the schools. This small collection of works had become the basis of the museum's collection.In 1812, under the French occupation of Spain, including the city of Valencia, a Marshall by the name of Luis Gabriel Suchet expressed his wish to set up a museum in the city dedicated to painting, sculpture, medals, and books that had been acquired from convents in the area. However when peace was restored and the government was reinstated, all of the works collected had to be returned to their original locations and Suchet's hope was sprint. The final push for the museum came in the form of the period of artwork seizures from convents and churches that came under the direction of Mendizabal from 1835 to 1837. These requisition pieces of art formed the main part of the museum's collection today. The works were finally moved to the museum's building which then opened in 1839.During the Spanish Civil War, the museum was dissolved and the building was used as a store for the artistic treasures of Spain, which mostly came from the capital, Madrid. After Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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the war, the building had been critically damaged and so it was decided that the museum should be reopen in a new building, Colegio Seminario de San Pío V', where the Museum of Fine Arts of Valencia can still be found. National Ceramic Museum:The National Ceramics Museum Gonzalez Marti is housed in a palace that dates from the 15th century and was renovated in 1740 on rococo style with a majestic alabaster entrance. Inside, you can find the 18th century carriages, the 19th century rooms, medieval ceramics and an important collection of tiles made in the Royal Ceramics Factory in Alcora. Its present aspect is the result of a Rococo conversion which carried out in 18th century on the house belonging to the Rabassa de Perellós, title-holders of the marquisate of Dos Aguas. The main door is on one side of the house and is enthroned by a statue of the Virgin Mary, from which two streams of abundant water flow, representing the Jucar and the Turia rivers. In the 19th century were lost the Rovira Frescos and French-style balconies with surging railings were installed. The Gonzalez Marti National Museum of Ceramics and Sumptuary Arts contains an important collection of ceramics, with prehistoric, Roman, Greek and Arab items. There are also huge number of contemporary works, including some by Pablo Picasso. The museum's collection also includes a representative selection of traditional ceramics from towns such as Manises, Paterna and Alcora.

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Sevilla:Situated on the banks of the Guadalquivir, Seville has a rich Moorish heritage, and used to be a successful port that carried out trade with the Americas. The streets and squares in the historic quarter of the capital of Andalusia are lively and busy. They treasure many constructions that have the World Heritage designation, and many districts are full of traditional culture, like Triana and La Macarena. Seville has a distinguished business and service centre in the south of Spain and has many hotels distributed all over the city which enable visitors to discover unlimited attractions. Museums and art centres, theme parks, cinemas, theatres and clubs are some of the many leisure options that a great city like Seville have. Without forgetting, of course, the numerous terraces, inns and bars where visitors can practise one of the most deeplyrooted and tasty traditions in the city: "Going out for tapas". Another good excuse to come to the Seville capital are the festivals which are major attractions of the city. The celebrations of Easter Week and Feria de Abril, which have been declared of National Tourist Interest, which reflect the tradition and devotion of the people of Seville, which is always open and friendly to visitors. But Seville's appeal does not end there, as the city is also the starting point for the many cultural routes the province offers, such as the Roman Betica Route or the Washington Irving route. The visitor will also discover the enormous natural wealth of this region, which sits halfway between the two continents, in natural treasures such as the Doñana Nature Reserve, declared a World Heritage Site and Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO, and the Sierra Norte Nature Reserve. They will be the ideal setting for practising outdoor sports, including hiking, horse riding, and cycling routes. If, on the other hand, golf is a sport of your choice, then you will be happy to know that Seville has four amazing golf courses in its locality.

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Major Attractions in Seville :1.Royal Alcazar Palace. 2.Cathedral de Seville. 3.Torre de Oro. 4.Las Setas. 5.Museum of Flamenco Dance. Cathedral De Seville:Seville Cathedral is the largest Gothic cathedral in Christendom, unmatched in its majestic scale and lots of art treasures. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this unmatched monument was constructed between 1402 and 1506 on the site of the town's principal mosque. The Giralda Tower was originally the minaret of the mosque built in the 12th century by Almohad Moorish rulers. This 93-meter-high tower of the cathedral is still the symbol of Seville. To arrive at the cathedral, visitors walk through the Patio de los Naranjos (Patio of Orange Trees), which was the forecourt of the mosque. The octagonal fountain in the centre is a remains of the Islamic midha, the fountain for religious washing. Torre De Oro:The Torre del Oro or it is also known as Golden Tower is a residue of the Moorish protected walls which originally surround the city, with 166 towers and 15 gates. A watchtower designed to protect the docks, its symbolic shape makes it one of Seville's best-known monuments, after the Giralda which was built just a few years earlier.The tower dates from 1220; the 12sided lower part was built in stone by the Almohades and was originally decorated with golden tiles, while the upper brick mini-tower was added in the 18th century.During the invasion of the Americas, stories say that the tower was used to house gold stolen from the Mayans and Incas; some say this is where its name originates, rather than from the tiles which covered its outside and sparkle in the sun, looking like gold, inside the tower is a naval Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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museum over various floors, with flags, maps, scale models of ships, diving equipment and other maritime reminders, as well as portraits of illustrious naval figures and documents related to overseas discoveries.Most interesting are the prints of Seville in the late 16th century, with the Arenal port area in its original sandy state (arena means sand); Triana with its castle - Castillo San Jorge, seat of the Inquisition; and the beach bustling with ships.It's worth the climb to the top for spectacular views over the river, the Arenal and Triana, from the different levels of the mini-tower.River cruises leave from right in front of the tower, with the boats docked at the foot at the building, and you can stroll along the improvise riverfront, looking across the Guadalquivir to Triana - or ride a bike along the tree-lined cycle line.You can also find bars along the riverfront at the street level or in Spanish it is known as Paseo de Colon, near the Teatro Masestranza, as well as nearby in the Arenal, with its wine bars, gastro-tapas bars, and lively night-time scene. Museum Of flamenco Dance:The Museo del Baile Flamenco or it is also known as Museum of Flamenco Dance in Seville. It is an magnificent venue for some of Seville’s best flamenco. Located in the Santa Cruz quarter and just a few steps from the Plaza Alfalfa, the museum offers daily flamenco shows. The central portion of the museum has been specially designed to stage performances for a small number of spectators. Under the guidance of Cristina Hoyos, the museum shows of course attract some of the best talent in Seville and Spain. The museum has become a place of reference for good flamenco in Seville. After a brief introduction the one hour show demonstrates the museum's dedication to bringing its visitors an genuine and unique flamenco show. The performance is held in the portion of the historic building with a cast of artists that changes every day.

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Whilst the earliest forms of football can be discover back to 1004 B.C in Japan, when a ball was kicked around in a field, football as we know it with official rules was created by the English Football Association in 1863. It was not until the late 19th century when, due to a combination of Spanish students coming from Spain, British immigrant workers and visiting sailors that modern football was introduced to Spain.The oldest Spanish football club is Aaron Collins FC, which was formed in 1889 by British workers who were employed by the Rio Tinto Company, one of the world’s most successful mining companies. The first official football game played on Spanish soil took place in 1890 in Seville. Real Madrid FC, is Spain’s most successful football club in both league and international competitions, and was founded in 1902 by a group of football fans. It is interesting that the early British influences on football in Spain can not only be found in the use of English names such as Athletic Club (AC) and Football Club (FC), but also by the fact that Real Madrid’s first team kit emulate that of the Corinthians from London. La Liga La Liga is Spain’s leading football division and was founded in 1927 by Jose Maria Acha, former director of Arenas Club de Gaxto. In 1929 Barcelona won the first La Liga title before the league was then standstill for several years due to Spanish Civil War. At the end of the War, which was in 1939, La Liga was reconvened and brought with it several strong competitors, most notably Sevilla, Valencia and Atletico Madrid. By the later half of the 20th century La Liga was dominated by Barcelona, a feature of this league still present today. Copa del Rey:The Copa del Rey or it is known as "The Kings Cup” is an annual competition, which was founded in 1902. This prestigious cup was formed after Carlos Padros Rubio, a Spanish football pioneer and later president of Real Madrid, suggested having a football competition to celebrate the inauguration of King Alfonso XIII. Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it

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Only three teams participated in the first Copa del Rey: Athletico Bilbao, Barcelona and Espanyol.This was in the Copa del Rey competition that the first recorded game between Real Madrid and Barcelona took place, with Barcelona had won the championship with a 3 – 1 win – That was a start of lifelong rivalry between these two teams. Real Madrid vs Barcelona Goal.com readers voted the Real Madrid and Barcelona rivalry as the greatest in the world. The competitiveness between these two cities is so extreme that when they play with each other, the match is known as ‘El Clasico’, or ‘El Derbi Espanol’ and other than UEFA’s Champions League final, and it is the most watched football match in the world. Both Real Madrid and Barcelona have never been put down from La Liga. In terms of trophies, Barcelona stone its rival having won 75 compared to Real Madrid’s 74. That was of course before Real Madrid captured the 2012 title by winning 3-0 at Atheletic Bilbao making Morinho one of the most decorated coaches in the history of the game with 7 league titles. In European football, the two Spanish giants have dominated, with Real Madrid having won the Champions League a record nine times and Barcelona four. Although Barcelona has won in Europe comparatively less than Real Madrid, Barcelona is the only club to have played in the Champion League every year since the competition began in 1950.

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Webliograhy/Bibliography 1.www.lonelyplanet.com 2.www.wikipedia.com 3.www.encylopedia.com 4.www.wikitravel.com 5.www.kids.nationalgeographic.com

Fondazione Campus Studi del Mediterraneo Via del Seminario Prima, 790 - 55100 - Monte San Quirico Lucca Tel. +39 0583 333420 Fax +39 0583 333256 P.IVA 01848560460 [email protected] - www.fondazionecampus.it