Lesson 6

LESSON 1

ْ‫ُمفْرَدَات‬ SINGULAR LETTERS

‫ح‬

‫ج‬

‫ث‬

‫ت‬

‫ب‬

‫ا‬

‫س‬

‫ز‬

‫ر‬

‫ذ‬

‫د‬

‫خ‬

‫ع‬

‫ظ‬

‫ط‬

‫ض‬

‫ص‬

‫ش‬

‫م‬

‫ل‬

‫ك‬

‫ق‬

‫ف‬

‫غ‬

‫ي‬

‫ء‬

‫ه‬

‫و‬

‫ن‬

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LESSON 2

HARAKAAT ZA BR ZER P ES H

FATHAA KASRAH DHAMM AH

----------

Read the HARAKAAT quickly, do not pull at all. Note: Read the Pesh & Zer in an active voice (Ma’roof), do not read it in a passive voice (Majhool). The lips will go round when pronouncing a Pesh. The Huroofe Madd has to be prolonged for the duration of one Alif.

LESSON 3

HUROOFE ILLAT OR HUROOFE MADD (MADDE ASLI) Huroofe Illat or Huroofe Madd are of 3 type:

(َ‫ زَاد‬، َ‫( = خَاف‬--- ‫ا‬ Yaa before it a Kasrah (Zer): (ْ‫ دِيْنِي‬، ْ‫( = كِتَابِي‬--- ‫ي‬ Waaw before it a Dhammah (Pesh): (َ‫ دَاخِرُوْن‬، ُ‫( = َيقُوْم‬--- ‫و‬

1. Alif before it a Fathaa (Zabr): 2. 3.

NOTE: THE HUROOFE MADD HAVE TO BE PROLONGED FOR THE DURATION OF ONE ALIF

KHARA ZABR (----) , KHARA ZER (----) , ULTAA PESH (----) 1. A KHARA ZABR stands in place of an ALIF:

Example:

‫ب = بَا‬

َ‫ غوِ ْين‬، َ‫ادَم‬

2. A KHARA ZER stands in place of a YAA SAAKIN:

Example:

‫بِيْ = ب‬

‫ عِبَادِه‬، ِ‫الف‬

3. A ULTAA PESH stands in place of a WAAW SAAKIN:

Example:

‫ُبوْ = ب‬

‫ جُنُوْدُه‬، ‫ايَاتُه‬

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LESSON 4

HUROOFE LEEN (Letters of Leen) There are two Huroofe Leens: 1. A ZABR before a WAAW SAAKIN: 2. A ZABR before a YAA SAAKIN:

( ُ‫ شَرَوْه‬، ٌ‫( َم ْوءِدَة‬---- ْ‫و‬

( َ‫ اَ ْوحَ ْيت‬، َ‫( فَتَعَالَيْن‬----ْ‫ي‬

These letters are pronounced quickly in a soft tone. One should refrain from reading it in a passive voice. One should read it in a active voice. Exercise on the Harakaat and Huroofe ‘Illat or Huroofe Madd:

‫مَا ِر‬ ُ‫ب‬

ُ‫فِيْهَا يَ ُم ْوت‬ َ‫ل‬

‫سِيْنِيْنَ َوطُوْرِ اِلى‬

‫عبَ جِيْدِهَا فِيْ َيقُ ْولُ فَ َعقَرُوْهَا‬ ِ ‫خلَقَ َو َقبَ اِذَا قُرِئَ َواِذَا وَكَوَا‬ َ

َ ‫فَ َع‬ ‫ل‬ َ‫كَيْف‬

َ‫َفقَالَ حَافِظِ ْينَ كِتبَه َواُوْتِي‬

‫يَ َروْنَهَا َيوْمَ َوصَاحِبَتِه ذ‬ َ‫ِلك‬

LESSON 5

NOON SAAKIN AND TANWEEN TWO ZABR TWO ZER TWO PESH

----------

Two Zabr, Two Zer, and Two Pesh are known as tanween. NOON SAAKIN is that Noon which has a JAZM ( o / ) upon it. The of sound of a NOON SAAKIN and TANWEEN, is the same. Example:

ً‫ تَنْ = تا‬, ً‫بَنْ =با‬ © Copyright 2008 AL-JAMIA TAHFEEZUL QURAN, BOLTON EDUCATION & WELFARE TRUST (Charity Reg. No. 1114346). All Rights Reserved. Page 3

LESSON 6

IZHAAR OF NOON SAAKIN & TANWEEN If after NOON SAAKIN & TANWEEN any of the six letters of HUROOFE HALQI (letters of the throat) ‫ ء ه ع ح غ خ‬appear, then the Noon Saakin will be read very clearly and distinctly. Ghunna or Ikhfaa will not be made. Example: 1.

)‫ (ء‬: ‫ (ح اَبَاب ْيلَ طَيْرًا‬: ٌ‫حَامِيَةٌ نَار‬

2.

‫ (غ‬: ْ‫غَيْرِهِ مِن‬

3.

(‫ )ع‬: ٍ‫علَيْهَا َيوْمَئِذ‬ َ ‫ (خ‬: ْ‫خَشِيَ لِمَن‬

.5

.4

(

)‫ (ه‬: ‫(هَادٍ قَوْمٍ مِنْهَا‬ .6

(

LESSON 7

IKHFAA If after NOON SAAKIN or TANWEEN any of the 15 LETTERS of IKHFAA appear, then the sound of Noon Saakin or Tanween will be hidden in the nose when read. The 15 letters of IKHFAA are:

‫ ت‬، ‫ ث‬، ‫ ج‬، ‫ د‬، ‫ ذ‬، ‫ز‬، ‫ س‬، ‫ ش‬، ‫ ص‬، ‫ ض‬، ‫ ط‬، ‫ ظ‬، ‫ ف‬، ‫ ق‬، ‫ك‬ ْ‫جَنّت ِمن‬ َ‫اَنْ َزلْنا‬ ‫يَ ْنصُرُوْنَه‬ َ‫تَنْظُرُ ْون‬ ً‫كاَتِبِينَ كِرَاما‬

‫ج‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ك‬

‫اُنْثى‬ ً‫ذَاتَ ناَرا‬ ْ‫شَيْئٍ ِمن‬ ْ‫طَغى َمن‬ ً‫َقلِيْلً ثَمَنا‬

‫ث‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ق‬

َ‫اَ ْنت‬ ْ‫ال ِديْنِ مِن‬ ً‫سَ ِديْداً قَوْل‬ ْ‫ضَيْفِ عَن‬ ً‫فَاوى يَتِيْما‬

‫ت‬ ‫د‬ ‫س‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ف‬

GHUNNA- Deep nasal sound IKHFAA- Light nasal sound

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LESSON 8

JAZAM On which letter there is a JAZAM

it will be joined with the letter which is in front of

it & read jointly. A letter with a Jazam is called SAAKIN =

ْ‫ َتجْرِى‬، ُ‫ُيوَسْوِس‬

The Hamza on which there is a Jazam will be pronounced abruptly =

َ‫ يَاتِ ْيك‬، ‫ِاقْرَا‬

LESSON 9

JAZAM (SUKOON) & QALQALA The letters of QALQALA are five:

‫ق‬،‫ط‬،‫ب‬،‫ج‬،‫د‬

If the above letters have a JAZM ( sound.

‫خَلقْنَا‬ َ ‫اَطْعَ ْمنَا‬ ْ‫َرب‬ ْ‫َيجْ َعل‬ ْ‫َلقَد‬

/

) then it will be read with an echoing

‫ق‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ج‬ ‫د‬

LESSON 10

TASHDEED A TASHDEED letter is read twice with one movement of the tongue. It is read by joining the FIRST letter into the SECOND. Reading the first one with a sukoon, and the second with a harkat. Example:

ْ‫ُابّ = بُ ُاب‬ ْ‫ِابّ = بِ ِاب‬ ْ‫َابّ = بَ َاب‬

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LESSON 11

RULES OF LETTER RAA (‫(ر‬ 1. If RAA has a ZABR ( mouth. Example:

) or a PESH (

َ‫يَغْرُ ْرك‬

) upon it, then it will be read with a full

،

ٌ‫َرسُ ْول‬

If it has a ZER under it, then it will be read with an empty mouth. Example:

ُ‫ ُتحَرّم‬،

ٌ‫دُرّي‬

2. If RAA has a SAAKIN and before it there is a zabar or pesh, then it will read with a full mouth. Example:

‫سلْنَا‬ َ ْ‫ اَر‬،

ٌ‫قُرْان‬

If before a RAA SAAKIN there is a zer, then it will be read with an empty mouth. Example:

ْ‫ شَرّ ِمن‬، ٌ‫فِ ْرقَة‬

LESSON 12

LETTERS OF QAMRI & SHAMSI 1. If before the words of HUROOFE QAMRI an ALIF LAAM appears then

‫ل‬

will

only be read, ALIF will not be read. There are 14 letters of Huroofe Qamri:

،‫خ‬،‫ع‬،‫ف‬،‫ق‬،‫ك‬،‫م‬،‫و‬،‫ل‬،‫ي‬

‫ا‬،‫ب‬،‫ج‬،‫ح‬ 2. If ALIF LAAM appears before HUROOFE SHAMSI, then ALIF an LAAM will not be pronounced. They will be joined with the word after. There are 14 letters of Huroofe Shamsi :

‫ت‬،‫ث‬،‫د‬،‫ذ‬،‫ر‬،‫ز‬،‫س‬،‫ش‬،‫ص‬،‫ض‬،‫ط‬،‫ظ‬،‫ل‬،‫ن‬ LESSON 13

RULES OF THE LETTER LAAM

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‫(ال‬ALLAH) there appears a ZABAR or PESH then both the Laams in the word ‫( ال‬ALLAH) will be read with a FULL MOUTH. If there appears a ZER before the word ‫(ال‬ALLAH) then both the Laams will be read with an EMPTY If before the word

MOUTH.

‫ زبر‬/ )---- ( : ّ‫الَ اِن‬

Example:

‫ زير‬/ )----( : ِ‫الَ َبل‬ ‫ ييش‬/ )----( : ُ‫الَ حُدُ ْود‬ LESSON 14

WAQF 1. When a STOP is made on such a letter which has any 3 Harkaat

َُِ

or a two

pesh or two zer upon it, then that letter is made SAAKIN. 2. When a stop (waqf) is made on a TWO ZABR, then it will change and be read with an ALIF. 3. When a Waqf is made on a

‫( ة‬Round Taa), then it is changed into a ‫( ه‬Small Haa).

Exercise on Waqf:

o ِ‫الرّحِيْمِ ال ّرحْمنِ الِ بِسْم‬

o ُ‫عوْذ‬ ُ َ‫الرَجِيْمِ اَلشّيْطنِ مِنَ بِالّ ا‬

o َ‫َنسْتَعِيْنُ َواِيَاكَ نَعْبُدُ اِيّاك‬

o ُ‫الْعلَمٍيْنَ َربّ لِّ َالْحَمْد‬

o ّ‫ُيسْرًا الْعُسْرِ مَعَ اِن‬

o ْ‫َاحَدْ الُ هُوَ ُقل‬

o ‫انِيَةٍ عَيْنٍ مِنْ ُتسْقى‬

o ‫جَارِيَةٌ عَيْنٌ فِيْهَا‬

LESSON 15

MADD 1. If after HARFE MADD, a HAMZAH appears in the SAME WORD, then this Madd is known as MADD-E-MUTTASIL. DURATION: 2-2.5 – 4 Alifs © Copyright 2008 AL-JAMIA TAHFEEZUL QURAN, BOLTON EDUCATION & WELFARE TRUST (Charity Reg. No. 1114346). All Rights Reserved. Page 7

Example:

ْ‫ سِيْ َئت‬، َ‫جَاء‬

2. If after HARFE MADD a HAMZAH appears in the FOLLOWING word, then this MADD is known as MADD-E_MUNFASIL. DURATION: 2-2.5-4 Alifs Example:

ْ‫ اَمْرِنَا فِي‬، َ‫لاِله‬ َ

3. If after HARFE MADD there appears such a SAAKIN or TASHDEED which cannot be separated from the letter of Madd, then such a Madd is known as MADDE-LAAZIM. DURATION: 2- 2.5 – 4 Alifs Example:

‫ الئن‬، ‫حاجّوك‬

Exercise on Tashdeed followed by the Letters of Madd:

o ِ‫علَيْهِمْ الْمَ ْغضُ ْوبِ غَيْر‬ َ ‫َولَالضّالّيْن‬ o َ‫فَهَدى ضَالّ َو َوجَ َدك‬ o ‫الْكُبْرى الطّامّةُ جَاءَتِ َفاِذَا‬ o ‫الصّاخّةُ جَاءَتِ َفاِذَا‬ o َ‫الْمِسْكِ ْينِ طَعَامِ عَلى وَلَتَحضّوْن‬ o ‫لءِ اِنّ قَالُوْا َراَوْهُمْ َواِذَا‬ َ ‫َلضَالّوْنَ ه ُؤ‬

LESSON 16

HUROOF-E-MUQAT’TA’AAT

‫كهيعص‬

‫المّر‬

‫الر‬

‫المّص‬

ّ‫الم‬

‫ص‬

‫يس‬

‫طس‬

ّ‫طسم‬

‫طه‬

‫ن‬

‫ق‬

‫عسق حم‬

‫حم‬

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LESSON 17

MEEM SAAKIN MEEM SAAKIN HAS 3 LAWS; 1. IKHFAA: If after MEEM SAAKIN there appears a made.

‫( ب‬Baa),

then Ikhfaa will be

2. IDGHAAM: If after MEEM SAAKIN there appears another Meem, then the first Meem will be incorporated into the second Meem, and it will be read with Ghunna. 3. IZHAAR: If after MEEM SAAKIN there appears any of the 26 letters besides Meem & Baa, then Izhaar will be made. i.e. the Meem will be read clearly & distinctly, without any Ghunna or Ikhfaa. Example:

ْ‫حجَارَةٍ تَرْمِ ْيهِم‬ ِ ‫ ِب‬، ‫ بِمُؤْمِنَيْن هُمْ وَمَا‬: (Ikhfaa) ‫خفَاء‬ ْ ‫ِا‬ ْ‫ مَا َيشَآءُ ْونَ لَهُم‬، ْ‫ مّعْ ِرضُوْن فَهُم‬: (Idghaam) ْ‫اِدْغَام‬ ْ‫ فِيْهَا هٌم‬، ْ‫ َيلْ َبسُوْا لَم‬: (Izhaar) ْ‫اِظْهَار‬ The method of THIS Ikhfaa is, firstly the lips should meet lightly, when reading the Meem. At the same time, letting the sound be pronounced from the nose. Thereafter, immediately to pronounce the Baa by making the lips meet firmly.

LESSON 18

IQLAAB If after NOON SAAKIN or TANWEEN their appears a Baa, then the Noon Saakin or Tanween is changed into a Meem, and is read with a GHUNNA. Example:

ٌ‫ تَعْ َملُوْن بِمَا خَبِيْر‬، ْ‫خلَ َمن‬ ِ ‫َب‬ LESSON 19

IDGHAAM © Copyright 2008 AL-JAMIA TAHFEEZUL QURAN, BOLTON EDUCATION & WELFARE TRUST (Charity Reg. No. 1114346). All Rights Reserved. Page 9

THERE ARE 6 LETTERS OF IDGHAAM:

(Yarmaloon/ ‫) َيرْ َملُوْن‬ ‫ ي‬، ‫ر‬، ‫ م‬، ‫ ل‬، ‫ و‬، ‫ن‬ If after NOON SAAKIN or TANWEEN, from the letters of Yarmaloon, LAAM or RAA appear then the Noon Saakin or Tanween will be incorporated into the Laam or Raa and it will be read WITHOUT GHUNNA.

ْ‫ ر اِ ْدغَام‬: ٌ‫ ال رّسُ ْولُ ُمحَمّد‬، ‫رّ ّبكَ مِن‬

Example:

ْ‫ ل اِدْغَام‬: ّ‫ لّكُمْ اُف‬، ْ‫لَدُنْهُ ِمن‬ If after NOON SAAKIN or TANWEEN any of the letters of from

‫يَرْ َملُوْن‬

(‫ ي‬، ‫ و‬، ‫ م‬، ‫يوممن) ن‬

appear, then the NOON SAAKIN or TANWEEN will be incorporated into

the letter following it, and it will be read with a GHUNNA. Example:

ْ‫ ي اِدْغاَم‬: ْ‫ يّؤْتى اَن‬، ْ‫يّشَاءَ اَن‬ ْ‫ و اِدْغَام‬: ً‫ وّاحِداً الها‬، ْ‫وّعِدَ َمن‬ ْ‫ م اِدْغَام‬: ّ‫ ال مِنَ َرسُ ْول‬، ْ‫مِ ْثلِه مِن‬ ْ‫ ن اِ ْدغَام‬: ْ‫ نّعْمَةٍ ِمن‬، ْ‫نّبِيّ مِن‬

LESSON 20 RASMUL KHAT RASMUL KHAT means the manner & way in which the Qur’aan is written. At numerous places the letter Alif, Waaw & Yaa are written but not read. Upon these © Copyright 2008 AL-JAMIA TAHFEEZUL QURAN, BOLTON EDUCATION & WELFARE TRUST (Charity Reg. No. 1114346). All Rights Reserved. Page 10

letters, the SYMBOL (X) will be made. In the following table, 2 words have been showed, one shows how the word is written, and the other shows how the word should be read. The ALIF after the NOON in Qur’aan. It will be read as

‫ اَنَا‬will not be read at any place in the

َ‫ اَن‬when Waqf (A Stop) is not made upon it.

LESSON 21 SYMBOLS OF WAQF (STOPPING) Waqf means to stop. While reading the Qur’aan, at different places symbols are made to show how to stop. Which symbols to stop on, and which symbols not to stop on are explained in the table below.

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NUMBE R

SYMBOL

EXPLANATION

1

O

This symbol denotes the end of an ayah. It is NECESSARY to stop here.

2

‫م‬

This symbol indicates a Waqf-e-Laazim (COMPULSARY STOP)

3

‫ط‬

This symbol indicates a Waqf-e-Mutlaq. It is NECESSARY to stop here.

4

‫ج‬

It is better to stop here, but PERMISSIBLE to continue.

5

‫ز‬

It is PERMISSIBLE to stop here, but better not to.

6

‫ص‬

Continue here. A stop due to lack of breath is PERMISSIBLE.

7

‫صلى‬

Continue here.

8

‫صل‬

Better to continue.

9

‫ق‬

It is PERMISSIBLE to stop here but better not to.

10

‫قف‬

A DELIBERATE STOP, but not desired.

11

‫س‬

STOP vocal sound for a moment, without breaking breath.

‫سكت‬ 12

‫وقف‬

Same as above, but the vocal sound will be STOPPED for longer.

13

‫ل‬

When this symbol is above an ayat sign, then CONTINUING, or PAUSING here will NOT CAUSE a change in the meaning. If it is shown between an ayat, then one SHOULD NOT STOP, because in such a case, it will change the meaning.

14

‫ك‬

Same as above.

15

‫مع‬

STOP at either one of the two places. It is NOT PERMISSIBLE to stop at both places or to read in continuity at both places

‫ج‬

LESSON 22

APPLICATION OF RULES © Copyright 2008 AL-JAMIA TAHFEEZUL QURAN, BOLTON EDUCATION & WELFARE TRUST (Charity Reg. No. 1114346). All Rights Reserved. Page 12

‫جَزَاءً حَدَائِقَ مَلئِ َكةُ‬

‫يُرَاءُ ْونَ ُهمْ َاّلذِيْنَ ‪o‬‬

‫اُولئِك‬

‫الْكَوْثَرَ ‪o‬‬ ‫عطَيْنكَ اِنّا‬ ‫اَ ْ‬

‫مّسْ َتقِرّ اَمْرٍ ‪o‬‬ ‫وَ ُكلّ‬

‫يُرَاءُوْنَ هُمْ َالّذِيْ ‪o‬‬

‫اَمْرٍ ُكلّ مِنْ رَبّ ِهمْ ِباِذْنِ فِيْهَا وَالرّ ْوحُ ‪o‬‬ ‫الْمَلئِ َكتُ تَنَ ّزلُ‬

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72- swan lane

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