Ladhewali Preparation Of Methane Gas

Introduction •

•

Hydrocarbons are formed by carbon and hydrogen. Methane is the first and simplest hydrocarbon formed by one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen. Its molecular formula is CH4. Methane is the first member of Alkane group as it has single atom of carbon. Ethane, Propane and Butane are other members of Alkanes which have 2, 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively. In nature this gas is formed by dissociation of carbonic compounds with the help of anaerobic bacteria. Methane is the main component of natural gas. It is also called as Marsh gas as it is formed in the marshy

Apparatus Test tube, cork, Sodium acetate, Soda lime, glass rod, glass jar, glass tub etc.

Procedure Fit the apparatus as shown in the diagram. Soda lime can be obtained by mixing sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide in equal proportion. Warm sodium acetate with soda lime. After some time we get methane gas in the form of bubbles in inverted glass jar and sodium carbonate is left behind in the tube Heat

CH3COONa + NaOH

CH4 + Na2CO3

Properties of Methane

• Physical Properties • Chemical Properties

Physical Properties 1. It is colourless and odourless gas. 2. It is poisonous gas and lighter than air 3. It is insoluble in water . 4. It is the main component of natural gas.

Chemical Properties • Methane burns with blue flame in air. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + H2O + Energy • It produces carbon black when burnt in absence of air. Heat

CH4

C + 2H2 100°c

• It produces chloromethane and hydrogen chloride when reacts with chlorine in sunlight

Uses • It is used as fuel. • It is used to drive buses, cars etc. • Compressed natural gas (CNG) is stored in cylinders and cylinders are fitted in motor vehicles. It produces low pollution in air as compared to other fuels. • It can produce carbon black and other carbonic compounds for household use and industries

Submitted By • Kulwinder Rani • Kirandeep Kaur • Neeraj • Manish Class IXth

Special Thanks to: • Mrs. Gurpreet • Mr. Gurpreet Singh • Mrs. Monita