January ,09

JANUARY, 2009

Vol: 5,, No..(4)

twG(J 5)/trSw(f 4)

Zefe0g&Dv 2009

2009 edik if aH &; tvm;tvmraumif;edik [ f k OD;0if;wif cef@reS ;f æ (ZEM0g&v D 1&uf 2009- VOA) 2009 ckEpS u f dk ul;ajymif;a&muf&v dS mcJ&h mrSm jrefrmEkid if rH mS Ekid if aH &;/ vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm;a&; taumif;tqk;d awG +y;D cJw h EhJ pS u f bmawG}uKHawG@c&hJ ovJ? tckEpS rf mS a&m bmawG }uKHawG@&vdrrfh ,fv@kd wGuq f =uygovJ? vuf&dS jrefrmhEidk if aH &;rSm yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;aeol? owif;pmq&m}u;D OD;0if;wif&@J tjrifudk udak tmifviG Of ;D u qufo, G af r;jref;+y;D wifjyay;xm;ygw,f? “usaemfu ppftpd;k &J@axmifwiG ;f rSm uscHcJh&wJh EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om; OD;0if;wif ppftpk;d &&J@ wkid ;f a&;jynfa&;eJ@ywfouf +y;D bmrS udyk J awG@&w,f? 'Dtaetxm; awGu pDpOf+y;D =uawmh usaemfuawmh taumif;jrifwh J tawG; awmh a&S@EpS cf g vnf;bmrS aumif;wJv h uQ%m

1989 up+yD; 2008 ckESpftxd 19 ESpfausmf jzpfygw,f?” “+y;D cJw h EhJ pS u f kd jyef+y;D +cKH=unhv f u dk f &if axmufaxmufxm;xm; r&Sb d ;l qkw d hJ taetxm; =unfrh ,fq&dk if a&S@EpS rf mS bmjzpfrvJv@kd rSe;f wJt h cg tac: enf;vk@d q+dk y;D pGypf &JG ifvnf; cH&rSmyJ? usaemf udk rjrifb;l ?

“qkyd gawmh vmr,fEh pS rf mS qk&d if olw@dk &@J vrf;jyajrykt H & ygwrD w S yf w Hk ifawG ay:vmEkid w f ,f? a&G;aumuf yGOJ ya'awG xGuv f mEkid w f ,f? 'g=unh&f ifawmh olw@dk [molw@dk xif&mpkid ;f r,fh vkyif ef;awG/ 'gawGyJ ay:xGuv f mrSmyJ/ a&S@EpS w f ESpf vk;H uawmh/ tJ'v D edk @J yJ usaemfw@dk 2009 ukd ausmjf zwf+yD;awmh 2010 ckEpS f a&mufO;D rSmyJ? “tJ'w D ESp=f u&ifvnf; ydyk +kd yD; qk;d oxufq;dk r,fh tvm;tvmawGyJ &Sv d rd rfh ,f/ wkid ;f jynfrmS ppftpk;d &&J@ zdEydS rf a_ wG/ csKycf s,rf a_ wG/ uef@owfra_ wG 'gawGom usaemfw@dk xyfwvJv/J xyfwvJv&J ifqidk zf @dk om &So d mG ; r,fv@dk awmh usaemfu tJavmufawmif ajymcsiyf gw,f?” ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

2009ckESpfudk edkifiHwumeuQwWaA'eSpf[kowfrSwfæ('DZifbmv

29&uf 2008-tifwmeufowif;)

2009ckEpS u f ekd ikd if w H umeuQwaW A'eSpf (International Year of Astronomy)tjzpf owfrw S x f m;a=umif; tDwvDvrl sK;d &lyaA'ynm&Sief iS hf euQwaW A'ynm&Si*f ,fvD vD,u kd tmumoudk avhvmedik &f ef ta0;=unfrh eS af jymif;toH;k jyKr_ ESp-f 400 jynfEh pS yf wfvnf txdr;f trSwt f jzpf owfrw S f jcif;jzpfa=umif; tifwmeufowif;wGiaf zmfjyonf// ukvor*~.ynma&;/ odyEH` iS hf ,Ofaus;r_tzG@J (,leufpu f )kd onf jyifopfeikd if yH g&jD rdK@wiG f Zefe0g&t D wGi;f tcrf;tem;w&yfusi;f yum 2009-ckEpS u f kd edkifiHwum euQwWESpftjzpf zGifhvSpfay;rnf[k arSsmfvifh&onf// *,fvDvD,dkonf euQwfwm&mrsm;tm; avhvmedkif&ef (ta0;=unf rh eS af jymif;) udyk xrqH;k toH;k jyKcJo h jl zpfonf// ESTABLISHED SINCE AUGUST, 2005

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

"

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

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The Thought & Writing Of Editor

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r*FvmESpfopfjzpfygap/ 61-ESpfajrmuf jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;ae@/ tdkbm;rm;. tar&dueforRw b0ae@&uftp/ u&ifah wmfveS af &;ae@EiS hf jynfov l x l æ k puUe@f ukd rdepfpm;./ rdepfuekd m&Dpm;./ em&du D kd ae@&ufrsm;pm;./ ae@&ufuv kd pm;./ vudk ESp,f pm;./ Tod@k jzifh ESprf sm; udv k nf; ouU&mZfrsm;tjzpf urŠn;f xd;k um tajymif;tvJw@kdu pd;k rd;k =uuke. f ? bmvdv k Ekd iS hf 2009-ckEpS w f nf;[laom jyuQ'ed f wpfc(k 0g)ordik ;f ouU&mZfwpfcu k kd rdrw d @kd csi;f eif;0ifa&mufvm=uay+yD? “ twdwo f rdik ;f jzpf&yfrsm;onf ypPKy`ef ordik ;f jzpf&yfrsm;udk xif[yfap.? aumif;ar$/ qd;k ar$w@kd uv kd nf; ay;a0ap.” [laom ordik ;f qd&k ;kd wpfcu k v kd nf; qifjcif aerdonf? euQwaW A' q&mrsm;url “2009-ckEpS u f kd edik if w H um euQwaW A'ESp”f tjzpf owfrw S =f uayonf? rnfo@kd yif qd=k uapumrl 2009-ckEpS w f nf;[laom ouU&mZf &xm;}uD;ay:wGif urBmjh ynfol oef;aygi;f (6000)cef@EiS t hf wl rdrw d @kd onfvnf; pD;eif;vdu k yf g&yg+yaD umæ? rdrw d @kd jzwfoef;vm cJ=h u&aom ESprf sm;pGmxJu tqd;k ESihf taumif;/ tusK;d ESihf ta=umif; udk jyefvnfqef;ppf=u+y;D v#if (jyifqifoifw h mjyifqifI/ qifjcif oifw h m qifjcif=uygp@kd ) [lI ed;k aqmfwu kd w f eG ;f vdu k &f ygonf? vlopf/ pdwo f pf/ &ifbwftopf/ tcif;tusi;f topfEiS hf r*FvmESpo f pfukd wifw h ifw h ,fw,f zGiv hf pS ef ikd =f uygapownf;æ? “ZEM0g&v D 4&uf”ae@onf jrefrmhvw G v f yfa&;ae@jzpfonf? 1948-ckEpS f ZEM0g&v D 4&ufae@u “xGwjf rwfwhJ pHXmeDxxx vGwv f yfwhJ Armjynfxxx “ [lI vGwv f yfa&; armfueG ;f aw;udk oH+yKd in f n D moDusL;cJ=h uaom jrefrmjynfol wd@k onf 1962ckEpS f rwfv 2&ufae@wiG f Adv k af e0if; ppftyk pf rk S tm%modr;f cJo h nfrpS I vGwv f yfrt _ aygi;f csKyf+idr;f yaysmufc&hJ ayonf? (1962-ckEpS rf S 1988-ckEpS )f txd tkypf ;kd cJah om 26-ESpw f m rqv ppftm%m&Sipf epfonfvnf;aumif;/ 1988-ckEpS rf S ,ae@txd tkypf ;kd aeqJjzpfaom e0w/ etz ppftm%m&Sipf epfonfvnf;aumif; rdrw d @kd jrefrmjynfukd bmrsm;aumif; usK;d ay;cJh ygoenf;? vGwv f yfjcif; (Freedom)/ nDr#jcif;(Equality)/ w&m;r#wjcif;(Justice)/ qdak om tajccH'rD u kd a&pDw&m;(0g) avmuygv w&m;rsm;um;- “w&m;r#wxxx vGwv f yfjcif;eJ@ raoGxxx wd@k ajyxxx wd@k ajrxxx rsm;vlcyforfd ;f xxx +ird ;f at; apzd@k xxx cGiw hf n l rD #xxx 0g'jzLpifwahJ jyxxx wd@k ajyxxx wd@k ajrxxx jynfaxmifpt k arG t+rw J nfwahH pxxx t"dXmefjyKravxxx xde;f odr;f pd@k a[xxx “ wnf;[laom edik if aH wmfocD si;f (urBmra=u)ESihf twla&pkeaf rsmoGm;yg+yaD vmæ? rdrw d @kd }uKd ;pm;&ygrnf? Ed;k =um;&ygrnf? &d;k om;&ygrnf? (&d;k om;- }uKd ;pm;- ed;k =um;jcif;jzifh edik if w H nf) qdw k m zwfIaumif;ygonf? od@k aomf (cd;k pm;wd;k yGm;- cd;k pm;jcif;jzifeh ikd if w H nf) qdo k nfrmS ppftyk pf . k vufawG@vyk &f yfjzpfygonf? tajymif;tvJukd tJ'yD avmif;yvJ0g'D rsm;jzifh zG@J pnf;wnfaqmufIr&edik yf g? tajymif;tvJukd vdv k m;vufcaH om rdrw d @kd . jynfov l x l Ek iS o hf m rdrw d @kd wnfaqmuf =u&ygrnf? od@k jzpfI ,ckEpS u f sa&mufaom 61-ESpaf jrmuf vGwv f yfa&;ae@ro S nf 'kw, d vGwv f yfa&;wdu k yf EJG iS hf atmifyaJG e@ qDo@kd O;D wnf csw D uf=uygp@kd [k tav;teufwu kd f wGe;f tyfayonf? “ZEM0g&Dv 20&uf “ae@onf tar&duefjynfaxmifpk. 44-qufajrmuf orRw (bm;&uftdkbm;rm;). orRwusr;f opPm used q f rkd nfah e@jzpfonf? vGecf ahJ om 1968-ckEpS u f vlrnf;vl@tcGit hf a&;awmif;qd&k if; vky}f ucH cH &hJ aom a'guw f mrmwif vlomuif;. (I have a dream)qdak om trSmpum;onf ,ae@ tdb k m;rm; tay:rnfo@kd rnfyo kH ufa&mufr_ &Syd grnfenf;? tdb k m;rm;uvnf; (we can, we can)[lI ajymaejyefygonf? tmz&duEG,zf mG ;vlrnf; orRwwpfO;D . tar&duefjynfaxmifpEk iS hf urBmeh yH gww f pfyg0gukd rnfo@kd [efcsun f n D x D ed ;f csKyfuikd w f , G rf nfukd rdrw d @kd rsuaf jcrjywf tuJcyf=u&ayrnf? (}uKd qykd gw,fæ tdb k m;rm;cifAsm;æ) jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (2)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

“ZEM0g&v D 31&uf” ae@onf u&ifah wmfveS af &;ae@ jzpfonf? 1948-ckEpS w f iG f jrefrmhvw G v f yfa&;&+yD;aemuf/ r=umrD aom umv 1949-ckEpS /f ZEM0g&v D 31&ufae@wiG f u&ifah wmfveS af &;pwifcjhJ cif;jzpfonf? rdrw d @kd . aoG;csi;f om;csi;f rsm;jzpf=u aom u&ifwikd ;f &if;om;wd@k . w&m;aom ppfukd }udKqdak xmufcH yga=umif; tav;teufazmfjytyfygonf? rcef;ajcmufao;aom rdcifEiS hf cspo f t l aygi;f wd@k . rsu&f nfrsm;onf rdrw d @kd . 'kw, d vGwv f yfa&; wdu k yf t JG wGuf tm; rmefrsm;jzpfygapownf;æ? *** jynfolrygæ t&m&m æ bmqdkbmrS r+yD;edkifygæ? *** jynfolonfomæ tc&mæ t&m&mudkajymif;vJedkifonfæ? *** cGeftm;r#a0æ 'dk@wawGonfæ rvGJraoG/ jynfolawGtwGufæ? jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif E S i f h

bavmh * f

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Poems oDa&;oD&The m uAs mpmrsuEf mS vwfqwfpdrf;jym {&m0wD nSDpdk@pdk@ &eH@xHkv$rf; yef;awGarsmpD; c&D;&Snfa0; r+yD;ao;wJh uAsmwyk'f tem*wfudk *kwfcGpD;vdk@æ? ?

***

armifvGrf;%D

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olye k f

bma-umifv h A J sm= ajymjyyg

***a,muQrt}udKuf tcgwpf&m vkdufvnf; rvdkufwpfcg/ &SdcJhygrl }uD;pGmjiLpl/ apmif;ajrmif;ql.æ?

***a,mufzaiGacs; q,fcgay;vnf;/ ray;wpfcg &SdcJhygrl/ }uD;pGmjiLpl apmif;ajrmif;ql.æ?

***ol@orD; &kyfqdk; q,fcgydk;vnf;/ rydk;wpfcg &SdcJhygrl/ }uD;pGmjiLpl apmif;ajrmif;ql.æ?

***a,muQr, a,mufz odyfa=umuf&vnf; c,frav; ryJyJ/ tem;uyfc|J&if r+idKjiifwm bma=umifhvJAsm rdwfaqG od&ifajymprf;ygæ?

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'grsKd;av;awGrS *** *** *** *** ***

ykv0J if;udk refae*smxm;vd@k ukr% ` rD sm;zGirhf ,favæ? oifZm0ifah usmf zDvifwuf&if jyuQ'ed zf uf tdyyf gavæ? tdyrf ufrmS av rd;k a[udrk @kd aAvk0 tem;xm;aysmyf gapæ? usaemfh ta=uG;awG oufreG jf rifq h yford@k rwfwyf}uD;awmif arhygoavæ? tJ'græ S a&$@ajymif;b0 t&awmfrmS a[æ? ?

a&;zG@J oæ l aAxd (a&$@ajymif;vkyo f m;wOD;) ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

***

bD;}uJ}uD; vl=unfah wmh oGm;Avm cg;rSmAs [rf;zke;f &_u d u f ek ;f rd@k xifrao;eJ@ jrufe}l uKd uw f ek ;f æ

rl&if;a&;om;olæ a0vif;(jrefrmpm)

ay;yd k @ ol æ atmf * suf ( r[mcsKd i f a 'oa&muf a&$ @ ajymif ; wpf O D ; ) ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

t&if;tESD; *** jrefrmjynfu opPmw&m;awG tcsK@d awmxJrmS / tcsK@d axmifxrJ mS tcsK@d urBmwv$m;rSm/ tcsK@d ocdsKiF ;f rSm tcsK@d csKid ;f axmufay:rSm +idr;f csr;f a&;eJ@ trSew f &m;twGuf 'Dru kd a&pDe@J vl@tcGit hf a&;twGuf twGuæ f twGuæ f twGuæ f ? *** toufupkd aw;/ ud, k v f uft*F gawGay;qyf 'kuaQ wGrsm;ovm;rar;eJ@ tJ'gawG=um; +rde, f u S pf mG pm;aomuf 'g[mææ? ***olw@kd jrwfe;kd wJh trSew f &m; od@k r[kwf 'Dru kd a&pDtwGuf t&if;tES;D awGavæ? *** [kww f ,f 'Dru kd a&pDqw kd m wpfbwf/ ESpb f wf ay;vd@k &wJt h &mr[kwb f ;l qdw k maygæ h ? eef;&Si(f a&$@ajymif;wpfO;D )

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (3)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

The Statement

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

ESpf(60)jynfh edkifiHwum vl@tcGifhta&;ae hESifh

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pmrsuf E S m (4)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

“vlom;wdik ;f . arG;&mygtcGit hf a&;” [lI wGiw f iG u f s,u f s,f atmf[pfaeaom acwfumvwGif urBmh pD;yGm;a&; ysuu f yfa=umif/h tar&duefa':vmaps;usqif;aeaoma=umifh ([d[ k ma=umifh 'D[ma=umif)h qdw k m ta=umif;jyaeonfukd vufrcHeikd yf gacsæ? od@k jzpfI ,ae@usa&mufaom ESp(f 60)jynfh edik if w H umvl@tcGit hf a&; ae@wiG f txufyg xdik ;f tvkyo f rm; Oya'rsm;yg tcGit hf a&;rsm;twdik ;f jrefrm/ avm/ uarBm'D;,m; a&$@ajymif; tvkyo f rm;rsm;tm; &ydik cf iG hf rsm;ay;yg&ef yef=um;tyfygonf? jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&;yl;wGv J y_ &f mS ;r_aumfrwD (JACBA) Joint Action Committee for Burmese Affairs ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

The Article

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pmrsuf E S m (5)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

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apmif;=unfyh g- 1 yGw=f unfyh g- 2 aocsmpGm=unfyh g- 3

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aocsmpGm=unfyh g (1) ud=k unfyh gu aiGr#iaf csmif;Y (1000)*%ef;udak wG@&rnf?

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aocsmpGm=unfhyg (2)ESifh (3)udk =unfhygu a&pmtrSwftom;udkxif&Sm;pGm jrifedkifonf?

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( 1000)*%ef;

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ay;ydk@olæ yg&rDausmif; (rJaqmufjrdK@) pmrsuf E S m (6)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

The Sports & General News...

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*** tdr&f iS rf puf&yk f atudæ k uGeyf sLwmynm&Siw f pfO;D wDxiG x f m;onfh tdr&f iS rf uJo h @kd pGr;f aqmifeikd o f nfh “atud”k trnf&dS puf&yk t f m; awG@&pOf*** a*smef 'D yf vufxyfawmhrnfvm;æ rif;om; a*smef 'D yfwpfa,muf 4if;.cspo f l Aefeufqmyg&m'pftwGuf aphpyfvufpyG f 0,f,o l mG ;+y;D aemuf Pirates of Caribbean rif;om;wpfa,muf pGaH wmhrnf[k y&dowfrsm;u ajymqdak 0zefae=uonf? *** a';Apfbuf[rf; atpDrv D efa&mufæ (2009)ckEpS f Zefe0g&v D wGif atpDrv D eftwGuf yGx J u G u f pm;rnfh t*Fvefvufa&G;pif abmvH;k orm; a';Apfbuf[rf;tm; atpDrv D ef 'kw, d OuUX *,fv, D meDEiS t hf wl awG@&&dS pOf? *** c&pPrwfumvwGif &drk efwpfqefcsiaf eonfh cs,&f u D ;kd vfæ cs,&f u Dd ;kd vfu olrtaeESihf ,ckEpS f c&pPrwfyaJG wmfukd (Romantic)qefqefav; jzpfapcsiaf =umif; xkwaf zmfajymqdck o hJ nf? olronf ,ckEpS f c&pPrwfumvtwGi;f cifyeG ;f jzpfol tuf&afS vud;k vfEiS hf twlwuG ukeq f ;kH ap&ef }uHpnfvsu&f o dS nf? +Adov d #ZeD;armifEo HS nf ESpOf ;D pvH;k emrnfausmrf sm; jzpf=uonft h m; avsmpf mG tvkyt f vGerf sm;+y;D awG@csed ef nf;=uolrsm;jzpfonf? *** uGm&Si;f jywfpcJ o hJ t l wGuf ,ckxufwikd f cHpm;ae&onfh tGeef &Dæ J jyifopfvufa&G;pif wdu k pf pfrLS ; oD,m&DteG ef &Du 4if;taeESihf ZeD;a[mif; uvm&Dr,f&ED iS hf uGm&Si;f jywfprJ _ twGuf ,ckwikd af tmif emusicf pH m;ae&qJ jzpfonf[k xkwaf zmfajymqdck o hJ nf? *** ET &kyo f t H pDtpOf. (2008)ckEpS f tausm=f um;qH;k b&pfweDpyD;,m;pfæ

(2008)ckEpS o f nf urBmausmf Pop *Dw tqdak wmfrav;. tatmifjrifq;kH ESpu f mvwpfct k jzpf rSww f rf;wifeikd f cJh+yD;jzpfonf? *** armf',fo;kH a,mufaygi;f +yD; tqdak wmftzG@J zG@J æ tqdkawmftrsm;pkonf tqdkwpfckwnf;omru o&kyfaqmifvkyfief;rsm;jzifhvnf; &yfwnfvm =uovd/k o&kyaf qmifrsm;onfvnf; tqdak wmftjzpf &yfwnfvm=u&m trsK;d orD;i,f/ armf',fvo f &kyf aqmifrsm;jzpf=uonfh o'
pmrsuf E S m (7)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

›

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

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pmrsuf E S m (8)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

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pmrsuf E S m (9)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

('DZifbmv 10&uf 2008) xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyfwGiftajcpdkufaom jrefrmhedkifiHa&;tusOf;om;or*~ (BPPU). pDpOfrljzifh tESp(f 60)jynfah jrmuf ekid if w H umvl@tcGit hf a&;ae@ tcrf;tem;w&yfukd 'DZifbmv 10&ufae@wiG f usi;f y=ua=umif;awG &h &dS onf? ('DZifbmv 11&uf 2008) xdkfif;-jrefrme,fpyf rJaqmufjrdK@wzufurf;&Sd jr0wDjrdK@wGif owif;azmfjycsdefjzpfaom n(9)em&D txdrD;avmifaeqJjzpfa=umif; ? rD;owfum;rsm; tvHktavmufa&mufvmjcif;r&Sdao;a=umif;udk rJaqmufbufurf;rS vSrf;jrif ae&onfh jrefrmtvkyform;tcsKd h ujrefrmjynfom;odk hajymjyonf? ('DZifbmv 12&uf 2008) 2008)xdkif; - jrefrme,fpyfrJaqmufjrdK h. awmifbufwGifuyfvsufwnf&Sdaom zkwfz&m;jrdK he,f 44-uD vdrk w D maus;&Gm 0g;awm&yfuu G &f dS (taumif;qH;k rdwaf qGrv l wef;ausmif;)tm; 'DZifbmv 12&ufae@ ueHeuf(11)em&Dcef@u xdak 'o tajcpdkufxdkif;e,fjcm;apmifhppfwyfuvma&mufydwfyifcJha=umif;? ausmif;q&mrsm; rSm ,cktcgwdrf;a&Smifae&a=umif; jrefrmjynf om;od@k a'ocHpnf;&H;k a&;rSL;rsm;u ajymjy=uonf/ tqdyk gausmif;onf a'otwGi;f &Sd pdu k yf sK;d a&;tvkyo f rm;rdom;pkrsm;. &ifaoG; i,f(140)cef@ txdwufa&mufynm oif=um;vsuf&SdjyD; HWF(HelpWithout Frontier) rSvma&muf=unfh&_jyD; ulnDapmifha&Smuf xm;onf r S m vyd k i f ; om&S d a o;aom jref r ma&G @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm; ausmif ; wausmif ; jzpf o nf / 2006ck E S p f w k e f ; u vnf ; (xdkpOfu1ESpfESifh8vcef@) zGifhvSpfxm;aom 0g;awm&yfuGuf rlvwef; ausmiff;uav;tm; tqdkyg xdkif;ppfwyfu vma&mufydwfyif cJhbl;a=umif; jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf&Sm;rlaumfrwD (JACBA) u ,if;.rSwfwrf;t&oHk;oyfajymqdkonf? ('DZifbmv 14&uf 2008)jzpf&yf-1// rav;&Sm;edik if u H mG vmvrfyjl rd@ awmfwae&mwGif ,ae@tzd@k jrefrmedik if rH S vmaomemrnf=uD; pma&;q&m(q&mazjrifh)upmaya[majymyGJ usif;ycJha=umif; owif;&&Sdonf/ pmaya[m ajymyGJonf em*pfrkefwdkif;&HyHkaiGtwGuf &nf&G,fusif;yjcif;jzpfjyD; wOD;vSsifrav;&Sm;(15)&if;*pfay;&um svl-600cef h wufa&mufem;axmifcJha=umif;od&onf// jzpf&yf -2// vmrnfh'DZifbmv 18&ufae@wGif usa&mufaomedkifiHwum a&G@ajymif;tvkyform;ae@t=udK v_yf &Sm;r_tjzpf xdkif;edkifiHbefaumufjrdK@&Sdpuf&kH? tvkyf&HktcsKdrSjrefrmtvkyform;60cef@ upkaygif;aoG;vSL'gef;yGJ usif;y cJha=umif; owif;&&Sdonf/ tqdkyg aoG;vSL'gef;yGJjzpfajrmufapa&;twGuf a&mifjcnfOD; tvkyform;rsm;tzGJ@ (befaumufXmecGJG)ESifh &cdkiftvkyform;or*~ (udkOuUm)tzGJ hwdk h uaqmf=otusKd;aqmifay;cJha=umif;od&onf// ('DZifbmv 15&uf 2008)jzpf&yf-11// xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyfraJ qmufjrdK@&@J awmifbufuyfvsu{f &d,m[m zkwzf &m;jrdK@e,fjzpfygw,f/ tJ'zD w k zf &m;jrdK@e,f 48 uDvrkd w D m(qpfpyD uf) aus;&Gmu xdik ;f vlrsK;d tdr&f iS af wG ydik q f ikd w f hJ wef;vsm;awGrmS iSm;&rf;aexdik w f hJ jrefrm jynfom; pdkufysKd;a&;tvkyform;awG avmavmvwfvwf &ifqdkifae&wJh aea&;'kuQu 'DvdkygcifAsæ? xdkif;tvkyf&Sif3OD;udkwmh(cf) c&kid t f qifah tmapmf(jrdK h ydik &f ;kH vHjk cHKa&;tzGJ )h wyfzJG 0h iftcsKd h uvufrw S rf jhJ refrmjynfom;awG udt k rd 0f ef;xJrmS vufcx H m;&Srd el @J vwfw avmzrf;qD;xm;jyD;tJ'D 3 OD;xJu 2 OD;udw k OD;vSsib f wfaiG 6aomif;'%faiG&u kd rf ,fv@kd atmapmfuajymqdx k m;owJ?h wjrefae@upvd@k 48 uDvdkrDwm aus;&GmwcGifu xdkif;tdrf&SifawG[m udk,fhtdrf0ef;xJrSmiSm;ae=uwJh jrefrmpdkufysKd;a&;tvkyform;awGudk '%faiG 6 aomif;xdrmS a=umufv@kd eSiaf e=uowJ/h 'Da'orSmu puf&t kH vky&f rkH &Sb d ;l av? &moDtvdu k f yJ/ ajymif;}uH/ i&kw/f rkev f m/ tmvl;/ rkefnSif;(av@$)pwJhoD;eSHawGeJ@ ESif;qD? yef;0g(ukvm;yef;)pwmawG t=uD;tus,f pdkufysKd;wJh a'ojzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ jrefrmv,f orm;(0g) pdkufysKd;a&;tvkyform;awGuawmh bHkaysmufwJhudef;qdkuf aejyD;,mxJ ajymif;cif;xJrSmwJxdk;jyD;ae&r,fhudef;qdkufaejyDAskK@d jzpf&yf-2// r=umao;cifu xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyfudk a&mufvmwJhjrefrmjynfu edkifiHa&;tr_wcsdK hrSm a&hSaetjzpf vdkufygay;cJhol (apmausmfausmfrif;)[m 'DZifbmv 15&ufae@ reuf10;00em&Dcef@u ekdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; ulnDapmifha&Smufa&;toif; 3 xdkif;edkifiHrS 'Drdku&ufwpfygwDacgif; aqmif(tbDqpf) (jrefrmedkifiH) AAPP-B rSm owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJusif;yygw,f// jzpf&yf-3// 44ESpfonf 'DZifbmv 15&ufae@u xdkif;v$wfawmfa&G; aumufyGJwGif trwftrsm;pkaxmufcHr_jzifh 0ef}uD;csKyfopfjzpfvma=umif; owif;&&Sdonf/ ('DZifbmv 16&uf 2008) rav;&Sm;edik if u H mG vmvrfyjl rdK w h ae&m&Sd ig;om;vH;k av;awGjyifqifvyk u f ikd af y;&wJh vkyif ef;cGif wckuae ,ae t h zdk jh refrmtvkyo f rm; 14 OD;ufw kd pHw k &mavsmaf =u;ray; yJtvkyu f jzKwfvu kd w f ,fvkd h od&ygw,f? 'gt h jyifæ tvky&f iS u f rlvoabm wlxm;wJt h a=umif; wpHw k &ma=umift h vkyjf zKwfr,fq&kd if jrefrmjynfjyef&r,fh av,mOfp&dwaf y;& r,fqw kd mudv k nf; ray;ygbl;? tJ'ga=umifh jyefp&mvrf;p&dwfr&Sdvdk@olwdk@ wawGrav;&Sm;rSmyJ aomifwif&tkH;r,fhudef;qdkuf aeygjyD? urBmpD;yGm;a&; jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (10)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

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pmrsuf E S m (11)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

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pmrsuf E S m (12)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

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(Zefe0g&v D 2&uf 2009) rav;&Sm;edik if H uGmvmvrfy+l rdK@awmf&dS jrefrmtcGe&f ;kH (0g) jrefrmoH&;kH a&S@wiG f Zefe0g&v D 2&ufae@ eHeuf (10; 30)em&DY jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDta&; wuf=uGvy_ &f mS ;ol (45)OD;wd@k u 61-ESpaf jrmuf jrefrmhvw G v f yfa&;ae@ t}udK v_y&f mS ;r_tjzpf qENjycJ=h ua=umif; owif;&&So d nf? TqENjyyGu J kd trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr) rav;&Sm; XmecGrJ S }uD;rSL;pDpOfjcif;jzpf+yD; 45-a,muf yg0ifqENjycJ=h ua=umif; trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf (vGwaf jrmuf e,fajr) rav;&Sm; XmecGrJ S wm0efcH udak usmaf usmu f jrefrmjynfom;od@k ajymqdo k nf? ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

WE DO, SO WE ARE (JACBA) jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (13)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

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Oa&myygvrD efu qmcga&mhAq f ak y;yGJ ('DZifbmv 18&uf 2008- 'DAb GD )D jrefrmedik if rH mS 'Dru kd a&pDa&; &&Sad &;twGuf edik if w H umu qufvufun l t D m;ay;=uzd@k The Burma Campaign UK (vef'ef tajcpdkuf bm;rm;uifydef;tzGJ@)rS eef@Zdk,mzef;u wdkufwGef;vdkufygw,f?

jrefrm'kuo Q nfawGukd *syefrS vufcrH nftay: ukvor*~}uKd qdk ('DZifbmv 21&uf 2008- 'DAb GD )D *syefedkifiHu jrefrm'kuQonf 30udk vufcHr,fvdk@ a=unmvdkufwJhtay: ukvor*~u }udKqdkvdkufygw,f? *syefedkifiHu xdkif;tajcjyK jrefrm'kuQonf 30-udk vufcHr,fvdk@ =umoyaw;ae@u a=unmcJh+yD; 2011-ckESpf {+yDvrSm taumif;txnfazmf rSm jzpfygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk urBmhtrsKd;orD;acgif;aqmifrsm;aumifpDu *k%fjyK ('DZifbmv 21&uf 2008- 'DADGbD) urBmt h rsK;d orD;acgi;f aqmifrsm;aumifpu D a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd *k%x f ;l aqmiftzG@J 0iftjzpf *k%jf yKowfrw S f vdu k yf gw,f? jrefrmedik if rH mS 'Dru kd a&pDa&;/ vl@tcGit hf a&;eJ@ vGwv f yfciG w hf @kd &&Szd @kd twGuf }udK;yrf;aqmif&u G cf suaf wGtwGuf a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (14)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

yxrOD;qHk; *k%fxl;aqmiftzGJ@0iftjzpf owfrSwf*k%fjyKwmvdk@ urBmhtrsKd;orD;acgif;aqmifrsm; aumifp(D The Council of Women World Leader)u xkwjf yefa=unmygw,f?

vlxkusef;rma&; ynmay;owif;æ('DZifbmv 22&uf 2008tifwmeufowif;) udk,f0efaqmifaepOf (aumfzD-2cGuf) txdaomufoHk;ygu oaE
jrefrmtpd;k &udk ukvor*~ jypfwif&w _ cf s

('DZifbmv 25&uf 2008- 'DADGbD)

vl@tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufr_awGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; jrefrmppftpdk;&udk ukvor*~taxGaxGnDvmcHrSm jyif;jyif;xefxef jypfwif &_wfcsvdkuf+yD; a':atmifqef;pk=unftygt0if edkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGudk v$wfzdk@awmif;qdkvdkufygw,f? tar&duef jynfaxmifpk/ tpPa&; pwJeh ikd if aH wGu OD;aqmiftqdjk yKwifoiG ;f +yD; edik if H 80-u 'Dvjkd ypfwif&w _ cf sw,fv@kd rJay;yg w,f? edik if H 25-edik if u H uef@uu G +f yD; 45-edkifiHu =um;aerJyg?

a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifh EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;tm;vkH;v$wf&ef ukvtaxGaxGnDvmcHu awmif;qkd ('DZifbmv 26&uf 2008-acwfjydKif tifwmeuf) ,ckv (24) &ufae@wGif usif;ycJhonfh ukvor*~taxGaxGnDvmcHu jrefrmEdkifiHwGif vl@tcGifhta&;csKd; azmufaer_rsm; us,u f s,jf yef@jyef@ jzpfay:aeonf[k &_wcf sazmfjyvdu k +f yD; +idr;f csr;f a&;Edb k ,fvq f &k iS f a':atmifqef;=unf tygt0if Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vHk;udk jyefv$wfay;&ef jrefrmppftpdk;&udk awmif;qdkvdkufonf/ tqdkygawmif;qdkcsufudk tar&duef/ tpPa&;wdk@OD;aqmif wifoiG ;f cJjh cif;jzpf+yD; axmufcrH J (80)/ uef@uu G f (25)/ ESihf =um;ae (45)/ rJtoD;oD;jzifh qH;k jzwftwnfjyKcJ=h ujcif;jzpfonf? tcGit hf m %m ydk&Sdonfh vHk+cHKa&;aumifpD. qHk;jzwfcsufr[kwfaomfvnf; taxGaxGnDvmcHjzpfaoma=umifh ukvtzGJ@0if (192) EdkifiH. tjrifrsm;udk ud, k pf m;jyKEdik o f jzifh cdik rf monfh tiftm;wckyifjzpfonf? jrefrmtm%mydik rf sm;url tqkyd g qk;H jzwfcsuo f nf “jrefrm EdkifiH. EdkifiHa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk 0ifa&mufpGufzufjcif;” omjzpf+yD; ukvor*~. qHk;jzwfcsufa=umifh ,if;wdk@. tpDtpOfrsm; &yf wef@oGm;rnfr[kwfa=umif; ajymonf? xdk@tjyif ukvnDvmcHwufa&mufvmonfh jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,fwOD;uvnf; jrefrmEdkifiH onf 2010 jynfEh pS f ygwpD kH a&G;aumufyJG tpDtpOftygt0if csrw S x f m;onfh Edik if aH &; tpDpOf (7) qift h & 'Dru kd a&pDvrf;a=umif;ay:od@k acsmarG@pGmajymif;vJae+yDjzpfonf[k nDvmcHodk@ ajymonf?

w&kw-f jrefrme,fpyfukd A[djk yKI ivsiv f y_ f (9) OD;xdcu dk f ('DZifbmv 26&uf 2008-acwfjydif tifwmeuf) ,ae@eHeuf jrefrmpHawmfcsdef (2)em&D rdepf(50) tcsdefwGif w&kwf-jrefrme,fpyf rlq,f+rdK@e,f/ ref[D;&dk;aus;&Gmta&S@ bufteD;udk A[djk yKI ivsiw f ckvy_ o f mG ;cJ&h m w&kwjf ynf a&$v+D rdK@EiS hf (10) uDvrkd w D m uGma0;onfh w&kwf aus;&GmwGif taqmuf tOD+ydKysurf r_ sm; &dcS +hJ yD; vl (9) OD; xdcu kd 'f %f&m&&dcS o hJ nf? ivsiAf [djk yK&mae&monf a&$v+D rdK@/ rlq,fEiS hf erf;crf;+rdK@t=um;wGi&f +Sd yD; tqdyk g a'otwGi;f &Sd wdu k w f m taqmuftOD aetdrrf sm; v_y&f rf; cJo h nf? rsuEf mS usuw f yf rD;qdik ;f rsm; jyKwfusjcif;/ yef;td;k ESihf yef;uef/ cGurf sm; usujGJ cif;rsm;&du S m tcsKd @ taqmuf tOD. tkwef &H rH sm; tufjcif;/ wHcg;rSerf sm; uJjG cif; &dcS o hJ nf[k a&$vaD 'ocHu ajymonf? ,if;u “tawmf av; v_yo f mG ;w,f? [dw k avm (8) vydik ;f u v_ycf w hJ m 'DaD vmuf r=urf;bl;? rlq,fe@J erf;crf;rSmvnf; tawmf av;v_yfw,f? xdcdkufr_awGawmh ckxdr=um;&bl;/ ypPnf;awG usuJGwmawmh &dSw,f? ref&_d; &Srf;&GmbufrSm '%f&m&wm awG&w Sd ,f? tJ'b D ufrmS reufyikd ;f u w&kw&f u J m;awG a&mufaew,f” [k ajymonf? ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

w&m;r0if a om vl o m;qd k w mr&SNO d HUMAN BEING IS ILLEGAL. jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (15)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

jrefrmppftpd;k &tay: xkid ;f tpd;k &opf b,fvq kd ufqrH vJ ('DZifbmv 26&uf 2008-acwfjydi)f jynfya&muf 0&rf;ajy; xkdif;0ef}uD;csKyfa[mif; wyfqifvufxufrS wyfqifESifhruif;onfh 0ef}uD;csKyf rsm;tqkH; jrefrm ppftpd;k &ESihf qufqaH &; aumif;cJo h nf? ppftpd;k &ESihf pD;yGm;zuf+yD; }uD;yGm;cJo h nf? ppftpk;d &tvku d s ajymay;cJo h nf? ppftpd;k &tvku d s a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd jypfwifa0zefcJhonf? odk@aomf xkdif;-twkduftcH 'Drkdu&ufygwD tm%m&vm+yD qkdawmh jrefrm ppftpdk;&bufu [uf[ufyufyuf r&Sdonfukd owdxm;rdonf? xkdif;tpdk;&opf owif;rsm;ukd jrefrmowif;pmawGrSmrazmfjy/ 0ef}uD;csKyf tmbDqpf 0dZm… ZD0bufuvnf; jrefrmppftpd;k &tay: rnfo@kd qufqH rnf? 'Dru kd &ufygwD 0ef}uD;csKyfa[mif; c|rv f yd idk f vufxufu ay:vpDrsKd ; qufuidk pf rJG vm; qko d nfrmS &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif; r&Sad o;ay// xkid ;f -jrefrmqufqaH &;ukd +cHK=unfv h sS if xkid ;f ppfacgi;f aqmifrsm; qufwkduftm%m &pOfumvu jrefrmEkdifiHtay: oabmxm;wif;rmcJhonf? odk@aomf 1988-ckESpf 0ef}uD;csLyf cswfwDcsdKif;. t&yfom;tpdk;& wufvmcsdefwGif jrefrmukd aps;uGufopfwcktjzpf oabmxm;+yD; cspf=unfpGm qufqH&ef qk;H jzwfco hJ nf? e,fpyf jrefrmvufeufuidk f wkid ;f &if;om;rsm;tay: axmufyrhH &_ yfqidk ;f cJo h nf? jrefrmEdik if u H opfawG/ o,HZmwawG ig;awGxkwf+yD; aiG&Smvkdonfh xkdif;pD;yGm;a&;orm;}uD;rsm;u cswfwDcsdKif;.oabmxm;ukd csufcsif;axmufcHcJhonf? cswfwD csdKif;tpdk;&xJrS umuG,fa&;0ef}uD; AdkvfcsKyf}uD; csmAvpfa,mifcsdKif,kqkdvSsif 88 ta&;tcif;t+yD; jrefrmEkdifiHodk@ yxrqkH;oGm; a&mufcJhol jzpfvmonf?

r[mrJacgiaf 'oqdw k m'Dvykd gcifAsæ ('DZifbmv 28&uf 2008-tifwmeufowif;) uDvdkrDwm(4500)ausmf&Snfvsm;wJh rJacgifjrpfjzwf oef;pD;qif;&mxdpyf&ma'o}uD;jzpfwJh(uarBm'D;,m;/ vmtdk/ jrefrm/ xdik ;f / AD,uferf/ w&kyef ikd if rH , S el efjynfe,f) pwmawGupkd pk nf;jyD;awmhr[mrJacgiaf 'ovdk ah c:a0: wmjzpfygw,f? 'Da'o[mrsK;d okO;f aysmufuG,fvkeD;yg; jzpfae wJhtm&Sqif/ {&m0wDvif;ydkif/ tif'dkcsKdif;em;usm;/ pwmawGyg0ifwJhedk@wdkufowW0g rsKd;pdwf(430)ausmf usufpm;&m t&yfvnf;jzpfygw,f? tJ'gawGxJursK;dpdwf (70) avmuf[m r[mrJacgifa'orSmyJ awG@jrifedkifawmhwJh &Sm;yg;rsKd;pdwf awGjzpfygowJh? 'ghtjyif tyifrsKd;pHkrskKd;uGJaygif; (2-aomif;)xufrenf;[m r[mrJacgifa'orSmyJ&SdaeedkifjyD; yef;awGeJ@ taphaqmif tyif(50%)[mvnf; a[m'Da'o}uD;rSmyJ &SdedkifwJhrsKd;pdwfawG@jzpfygowJh/ iSufrsKd;pdwf-1200ausmfudkvnf; rSwfwrf; wifxm;edkifjyD; 10%-rSm rJacgifa'ojyifyrSm rawG@edkifwJhrsKd;pdwfawGjzpfygowJh? 'ghtjyif wGm;oGm;owW0grsKd;pdwf 520-avmuf&SdjyD;/ 200 avmuf uvnf; a[m'Da'o}uD;rSmyJawG@edkifwJh rsKd;pdwfawGjzpfygowJh?

tD&wfppfyGJrSm aoqHk;aom tar&duefwyfzGJ@0if 4219 a,muf&Sd+yDæ(Zefe0g&Dv

1&uf 2009)

tD&wfeikd if t H wGi;f od@k tar&duefEiS hf r[mrdww f yfz@JG 0ifrsm;0ifa&mufc=hJ uaom 2003-ckepS f rwfvrS 2008-ckEpS f 'DZifbmv 28&ufae@txd tD&wfeikd if w H iG f aoqH;k oGm;aom tar&duefwyfz@JG 0ifO;D a&rSm tenf;qH;k 4219-a,muf&+dS y[ D k tifwmeufowif;rSm azmfjyonf? xd@k tjyif r[mrdww f yfz@JG 0if +Adw d ed f 178-a,muf/ tDwvD 33-a,muf/ ydv k ef 21a,muf/ ,lu&de;f 18-a,muf/ bla*;&D;,m; 13-a,muf/ pydef 11-a,muf/ 'de;f rwf 7-a,muf/ t,fvq f m;aA;'d;k 5a,muf/ pvdAk ufu;D ,m; 4-a,muf/ vwfA;D ,m;ESihf a*sm*f s, D mrS 3-a,mufp/D tufpw f ;kd eD;,m;/ e,fomvef/ xdik ;f ESihf &dak r;eD;,m;wd@k rS 2-a,mufp/D =opa=wvs/ [efa*&D/ umZufpwef/ awmifu;kd &D;,m;wd@k rS 1-a,mufpD ponfjzifh aoqH;k oGm;cJo h nf? (tifwmeufowif;)

tmpif0if;*g;ajymif;a&$@ygu vku d yf gomG ;rnf[k zmb&D*wfpf owday; (Zefe0g&Dv 2&uf 2008) tmpife,f toif;acgi;f aqmif zm b&D cseyf , D H &D;,Jvrf uf'&pfo@kd ajymif;a&$@ oGm;ygu cJo h nf? vuf&t dS csed w f iG f &D;,Jvt f oif;tm; awmh wG,f aeaomfvnf; 4if;tm; &D;,Jvf tm%m wrf; enf;jy&mxl;twGuf &nf&, G x f m;r_rsKd ; r&Sd

*wfpu f 4if;.enf;jy}u;D tmpif0if;*g;om pydev f m vD*g 4if;yg vdu k yf gomG ;rnf[k toif;tm;owday; ajym=um; wif[rfa[mhpyg; enf;jya[mif; *sLtef'&D mrd@k pu f udik f ydik rf sm;u &moDuek t f xdom pmcsKyfxm;jcif;jzpf+yD; t+rJ ao;ay?

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (16)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

tajccHuse;f rma&;qkid &f m odaumif;p&mrsm; arG ; uif ; p uav;i,f r sm;wG i f tE W & m,f & S d a om tajctaersm; Public Health...

-

rsyfpdeD+yD; rsufacs;rsm; xGufjcif;æ v_yf&Sm;r_r&SdbJ rSdef;aejcif;æ tom;0gjcif;æ touf&SLjrefjcif;æ edk@pdk@enf;vmjcif;æ csufteD;w0dkufwGif a&mifI eD&Jaejcif;æ

rusef ; rmaom 2-ES p f u av;rsm;wG i f tE W & m,f & S d a om tajctaersm; -uav;rvef ; qef ; I v_ y f & S m ;r_ e nf ; vmjcif ; æ -udk,fyljcif;æ -wuf j cif ; æ -rSdef;aeonfhtcg E_d;&cufjcif;æ -touf&SLjref+yD; touf&SL&cufcJhjcif;æ -tpmrpm;jcif;/ edk@ESifha&raomufjcif;æ -pm;or#t&mtm;vHk; jyeftefjcif;æ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

Source: IRC-SHIELD project, SAW and MTC

2009 Zefe0g&Dv tvSL&Sirf sm;pm&if;

(1)(a*satpD b D a t) em,u(1)q&mawmf (2) ? ? (2)q&mawmf (3) OD;aiGvif;ESifh vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD (4) tvif;wef;pm=unfhwdkuf rdom;pk (5) zdk;aom=um ((POSH)) (6) ESif;qD&J&J ((BMTA)) (7) jrefrm rGwfqvifrdwfaqGwpfOD; (8) a'gufwm vG%f;aqG (9) OD;wdwfESifh a':ar=unf (10) ajrZm(bef a umuf ) (11) IRC (12) OD;0if; (r,fawmifzwf&Gm) (13) udkwifv_difESifh rdom;pk (14) xGef;awmuftxnfcsKyfqdkif ([dkzdkif&Gm) (15) udkZif udkjrwf

100 100 300 250 200 100 100 100 100 200 500 100 300 100 100

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rnf o l r qd k jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif E S i f h ae@opf r l v wef ; ausmif ; twG u f tvS L aiG r sm;/ 0wW K / uAsm/ aqmif ; yg;pm rl r sm;/ a0zef t}uH j yK csuf r sm;ud k vG w f v yf p G m aqmif & G u f e d k i f y gonf ? rd r d w d k @ awG @ }uKH & aom tzrf ; tqD ; ES i f h ES d y f p uf c H & r_ / tek d i f h u sif h c H & r_ owif ; tcsuf t vuf r sm;ud k vnf ; ay;yd k @ ed k i f y gonf ? zk e f ; omac:vd k u f y g?

jrefrmjynfom;bavmh*f xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyfu wdk@jrefrmjynfom;awG&J@ &kef;uefv_yf&Sm; r_eJ@ b0tarmæaomutylawGudk ae@pOftopfwifaewJh jref r mjynf om;bavmh* f r S m wuf z wf y gæ? oifhtwGufævmjyDævmjyDævmjyD jrefrmjynfom;bavmh*f æ? (Blog)

*k%fxl;aqmifem,u= a':pef;pef;=(MPU)

wm0efcHt,f'Dwm

0dkif;awmfom;rsm; JACBA c/o.. PO.BOX(70) Mae Sot, Tak(63110) Thailand

qefwmuavmh(pf)

omrdkif;crf; / umwGef; 'Jh'dk;

&J&ifhatmif ? pnfolatmif

ouU / apm&J a oG ;

ci ciffav;EG,f/ a'vD,m ausmfo& l e d f

E-mail-

[email protected] [email protected] Blog- jacbaburma.blogspot.com Ph083 6308 433 (Dtac) 087 3089 680 ?

NEW DAY SCHOOL

ae o h pfrv l wef;ausmif; rd w f a qG æ oif h & J @ tvS L aiG [ m usaemf w d k @ ae@opf r l v wef ; ausmif ; u a&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;awG & J @ &if a oG ; i,f r sm; twGufjzpfygw,f? uav;i,fawGtwGuf zwfpmtkyfeJ@ oif axmuful ypPnf;yJjzpfjzpf/ uav; tm[m&yJjzpfjzpf/ vSL'gef; edkifygw,f? udk,fwdkifyJ jzpfap /pmwdkufu jzpfap/ a&$@ajymif;u av;i,fawGudk vSL'gef; edkifygw,f? quf o G , f & ef æ zk e f ; (087 3089680)

jacbaburma.blogspot.com

xdkif;edkifiH jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;taeeJ@ atmufazmfjyyg rJaqmufa'otajcpdkuf xdkif;tzGJ@tpnf;qDudk jrefrmbmomeJ@ qufoG,f tultnD awmif;cHedkif ygw,f? Oya'abmiftwGif; t}uHOm%fawmif;cHedkifygw,f? xdkif;a&S@ aersm;aumifpD/ Oya'taxmuftuljyKXme (LLC) (081 7860 925) jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (17)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

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(owif ; ES i f h rD ' D , muG e f , uf )

('DZifbmv 26 &uf? 2008)

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pmrsuf E S m (18)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

(JACBA)

oG m ;w,f / / orD ; wd k @ rS xk d i f c H k a wG v nf ; bmawG v nf ; xd k i f c sKyf p &mr&S d b l ; // tJ ' g ol @ (ol a X;)qD awmif ; qd k w,f a ygh a emf / / tm;vHk;rwifoGm;eJ@ pufawGvnf; tm;vHk;wifoGm;w,f// tJ'ga=umifhrdk@vdk@ orD;wdk@u Office-cef;xJrSm oGm;awmif; w,f// oluorD;wdk@udk atmfw,fayghaemf vufndK; xdk;+yD;awmh// atmf+yD;awmholajymw,f tvkyfrvkyfcsifvdk@ &Sd&ifvnf; xGufo G m ;vd k @ &w,f wJh/ / ol'D&Hkydwfygw,f? qdk+ yD; awmh pma&;+yD ;awmh puf & H k & J @ tjyif rS m ajcmuf em&D q d k tjyif xGufay;zdk@ ajcmuf e m&D x d k ; rS tjyif r xG u f a y;vd k @ &S d & if ol t a&;,l r S m aygh / / tJ ' g orD ; wd k @ uae+yD ; awmh 'k u Q a wG a &muf + yD ; awmh tjyif u d k x G u f a y;cJ h & w,f / /” tvkyx f w k cf &H onfh tvkyo f r 24 OD;xJrS tvkyo f rav;OD;jzpfonfh rcsKcd sKo d /J rtdreG /f rcsKcd sKEd iS hf rcifaX;0if;wd@k epfema=u; &&Sd&ef qufvufw&m;pGJqdk&m &Hk;csdef;oHk;cgwuf&+yD; +yD;cJhonfhatmufwdkbmvwGif w&m;&Hk;u bwfaiGav;odef; (430818)tm; avSsmfa=u;ay;&ef tvkyf&Siftm; trdef@csrSwfcJhonf// owfrSwfxm;onfh &uf(60)ausmftwGif; avSsmfa=u;aiGudk w&m;&Hk;wGif vm a&mufray;aqmifonft h wGuf w&m;Oya't& epfema=u;aiG&ydik cf iG t hf pm; puf&t kH wGi;f &Sd pufypPn;f rsm;udk odr;f qnf;&S&d m oGm;a&muf odrf;qnf;cJhonf[k 4if;wdk@udk tul tnDay;onfh tzGJ@u ajymonf// “usaemfwdk@tjrifu &Sif;w,fAs/ tvkyform;awGu eudk,fuwnf;u epfema=u;awGeJ@ tvkyf&SifawG&J@rw&m; acgif ; yH k j zwf p m;r_ a wG u d k awmf a wmf r sm;rsm;cH a e=u&wmud k / / 'D t vk y f o rm;awG & J @ ol w d k @ &J @ &yd k i f c G i f h a wG qH k ; &H _ ; epf e mr_ awGudk w&m;Oya'abmifwGif;u pepfwusawmif;qdkr,f? &ydkifwGifawG ra=umufr&HG@yJeJ@ owWd&Sd&SdeJ@ awmif;qdk r,fqdk &if a wmh wenf ; wzH k e J @ ajymif ; vJ r _ a wG & S d v mr,f v d k @ usaemf h t aeeJ @ jrif w ,f / / 'ga=umif h tvk y f o rm;awG u vnf ; ud k , f & J @ &ydkifcGifhawG epfemr_awGudk udk,fudkwdkifawmif; qdkvdk@&w,fqdkwmudk usaemfu ajymcsifw,f//” [k tvkyform;&ydkifcGifhESifh ywfouf+yD; udpk ikd ;f atmifu qufvufajymqdo k nf// tvkyo f rm;rsm;u w&m;qGq J kd xm;+yD; w&m;&H;k wGif avSsmaf =u;ay;&ef trde@f cs rSwfxm;+yD; ray;aqmif&ao;onfh tvkyf&Hkpuf&HkESifh aqmufvkyfa&;tvkyf&Hk tawmfrsm;rsm; &Sdaeao;onf[k udkpdkif;atmifu ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ (owif ; ES i f h rD ' D , muG e f , uf ) ajymonf// &$if+yHK;wc%- abmvHk;[moæ The Joke

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***

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***

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pmusufygwJh rdef;uav;æ?

*** qHk;atmifem;axmifrSaygh Apfw;kd &D;,m;onf&yk &f nfeyk sKad paomtvSjyifypPn;f rsm;tm;aps;}uD; ay;0,fvmonf? xkad emuftrd af &mufaomtcg rSew f ifcakH &Sxikd u f m wpfem&DrsS jc,foonf? jy;D aemuftvSy qH;k 0wfqifumolr. cifyeG ;f jzpfol urBmausmaf bmvH;k pwm; a';Apfbuf[rf;xH ta&mufomG ;I Todk ah r;onf? “'gvifæ usr/ rvSb;l vm;[ifæ tckq'kd gvift h aeeJ h usr toufb,favmufvq J w kd m cef h rSe;f edik yf grh vm;[ifæ” xdt k cg a';Apf buf[rf;uæ “tif;æ tom;ta&ud=k unf&h if 21ESp/f qHyifu=kd unfjh y;D ajym &if18ESp/f ud, k v f ;kH ud, k af yguf ud=k unfjh yD;ajym&if 25ESpaf vmuf&rdS mS aygu h mG æ” “tdkæ[kwfvm;? odyfawmfwmyJuGm? 'gqdk&ifusrtaeeJh b,favmufawmifeo k mG ;ovJqw kd hJ oabmaygah emf? [kwv f m;'gvif” “tmæb,fuvm? iguapmapmuajymwJh toufawGudk t ukev f ;kH raygi;f &ao;bl;uG” (edik if w H umabmvH;k [morsm;rSæ)

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (19)

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif

(JACBA)

Zef e 0g&D v 2009

For Our People jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA) ( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?

pmrsuf E S m (20)