Ionic Compounds
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- Words: 585
- Pages: 20
By Ken Costello
What’s an ion? Let’s find out… Coil of wire
+
compass
battery
+
_
_
Switch is open. Nothing happening yet. Coil of wire
+
battery
+
compass
Copper Chloride
_
_
If copper atoms are going to the negative side, what charge do they have? What about the chlorine atoms?
Coil of wire
+
battery
+
compass
Copper Chloride
_
_
Since the atoms wandered towards each side, let’s call them IONS from the Greek word, ion, meaning wanderer.
Coil of wire
+
battery
+
_
_
compass + +
+ +
Copper Chloride
Also, the positive side of a battery is called the Since since the negative side of a battery is called the cathode anode (way up), we’ll go towards it (way down), we’ll callcall ionsions thatthat go towards it cations. anions.
+
+ anod e
anod e
_ catho de
_
catho ++ + + de ++ ++ Copper Chloride CuCl2
Naming compounds by taking a metal from groups 1A, 1B, or 1C, and combining with a non-metal. +1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
Understanding how ions react to other elements will help in naming compounds or coming up with formulas for the compounds.
How do you know the charge?
Be Li B C 2e6p++ 5p 3p 4p
+1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4 IIIA IVA VA VIA
VIIA VIIIA
Ne Na O N F 8e2e8p 10p 11p 7p+++ 9p
+1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
+2
Be
+1 IA
+2 IIA
F -1
2e-
2e-
4p+
9p+
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
F
+1 IA
+2 IIA
-1
+2
Be
F -1
2e-
2e-
2e-
9p+
4p+
9p+
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
F -1
Berylium Fluoride
+1 IA
+2 IIA
F -1
Be+2 BeF2
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
For ionic compounds with a metal from group 1A, 2A, & 3A place the metal first and name it first. The non-metal is put last and named last. The number of metals or non-metals is depends on how many it takes to balance the charges.
+1 IA
-1 +2 IIA
-3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
VIIA VIIIA
Cl -1 Cl -1
+1 IA
+2 IIA
Cl
-1
Al
+3
Aluminum Chloride Al
+3
Cl -1 AlCl3 +4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
O -2 O -2 O +1 IA
-2
+3 Fe Fe+3 +2 IIA
O Fe O Fe O Fe
O -2
+3
Fe2O3 +4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
• The following two slides show how polyatomic ions would combine. This will help you with naming compounds that contain polyatomic ions.
NO-1
O
3
-1
NO
Zn
+2
+2 IIA
Zn O O
O N
O
NO3 -1 Zn(NO3)2
3
Zn+2 +1 IA
O N
+4 +3 -4 Zinc = +2
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
Fe+3
SO-2 4
-2
SO
O O O SO Fe S Fe S S O OO O OO O OO 4 -2
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
4 +3
Fe +1 IA
SO4 -2
+3
+4 +3 -4
+2 IIA
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA Now called Iron(III) sulfate Iron=+3
0
VIIA VIIIA
What’s an ion? Let’s find out… Coil of wire
+
compass
battery
+
_
_
Switch is open. Nothing happening yet. Coil of wire
+
battery
+
compass
Copper Chloride
_
_
If copper atoms are going to the negative side, what charge do they have? What about the chlorine atoms?
Coil of wire
+
battery
+
compass
Copper Chloride
_
_
Since the atoms wandered towards each side, let’s call them IONS from the Greek word, ion, meaning wanderer.
Coil of wire
+
battery
+
_
_
compass + +
+ +
Copper Chloride
Also, the positive side of a battery is called the Since since the negative side of a battery is called the cathode anode (way up), we’ll go towards it (way down), we’ll callcall ionsions thatthat go towards it cations. anions.
+
+ anod e
anod e
_ catho de
_
catho ++ + + de ++ ++ Copper Chloride CuCl2
Naming compounds by taking a metal from groups 1A, 1B, or 1C, and combining with a non-metal. +1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
Understanding how ions react to other elements will help in naming compounds or coming up with formulas for the compounds.
How do you know the charge?
Be Li B C 2e6p++ 5p 3p 4p
+1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4 IIIA IVA VA VIA
VIIA VIIIA
Ne Na O N F 8e2e8p 10p 11p 7p+++ 9p
+1 IA
+2 IIA
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
+2
Be
+1 IA
+2 IIA
F -1
2e-
2e-
4p+
9p+
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
F
+1 IA
+2 IIA
-1
+2
Be
F -1
2e-
2e-
2e-
9p+
4p+
9p+
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
F -1
Berylium Fluoride
+1 IA
+2 IIA
F -1
Be+2 BeF2
+4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
For ionic compounds with a metal from group 1A, 2A, & 3A place the metal first and name it first. The non-metal is put last and named last. The number of metals or non-metals is depends on how many it takes to balance the charges.
+1 IA
-1 +2 IIA
-3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
VIIA VIIIA
Cl -1 Cl -1
+1 IA
+2 IIA
Cl
-1
Al
+3
Aluminum Chloride Al
+3
Cl -1 AlCl3 +4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
O -2 O -2 O +1 IA
-2
+3 Fe Fe+3 +2 IIA
O Fe O Fe O Fe
O -2
+3
Fe2O3 +4 +3 -4
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
• The following two slides show how polyatomic ions would combine. This will help you with naming compounds that contain polyatomic ions.
NO-1
O
3
-1
NO
Zn
+2
+2 IIA
Zn O O
O N
O
NO3 -1 Zn(NO3)2
3
Zn+2 +1 IA
O N
+4 +3 -4 Zinc = +2
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA
0
VIIA VIIIA
Fe+3
SO-2 4
-2
SO
O O O SO Fe S Fe S S O OO O OO O OO 4 -2
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
4 +3
Fe +1 IA
SO4 -2
+3
+4 +3 -4
+2 IIA
-1 -3
-2
IIIA IVA VA VIA Now called Iron(III) sulfate Iron=+3
0
VIIA VIIIA
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