Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals

Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals Jeffrey B. Burl and Duane Abata Michigan Tech University

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

Slide 01 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

pressure = force area force = pressure x area Slide 02 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

pressure = force area force = pressure x area Slide 03 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

Slide 04 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

ignition system

Slide 05

crank mechanism D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics intake system

ignition system

Slide 06

crank mechanism D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics intake system

exhaust system

ignition system

Slide 07

crank mechanism D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics intake system thermostat cooling system

exhaust system

ignition system

Slide 08

crank mechanism D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics intake system thermostat cooling system

exhaust system

ignition system

lubrication system Slide 09 crankcase vent

D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics fuel air + fuel pressure

air

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 10 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

stoichiometric mixture

✘

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 11 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 12 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘ ✘

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 13 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘

✘

✘

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 14 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘

✘

✘ ✘

✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 15 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘

✘

✘ ✘

✘ ✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 16 D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

✘ ✘

✘

✘ ✘

✘ ✘✘ volume TDC

BDC

Slide 17 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

pressure

Work =  (pressure x volume)

✘ ✘

positive work

✘

✘ ✘

✘ ✘✘ exhaust gas residual volume TDC

BDC

negative work

Slide 18 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics - Some Problems intake tuning

exhaust tuning

mixture preparation

combustion, autoignition

wear

Slide 18

emissions

CxHx CO NOx

inertia

lubrication

D. Abata

pressure

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

volume TDC

BDC

negligible negative work

The Diesel Engine D. Abata

10000 - 20000 psi

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Diesel Engine D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 01 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 02 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 03 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 04 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 05 D. Abata

Internal Combustion Engine Basics

The Two Stroke Engine Slide 06 D. Abata

Summary • two engine/fuel types Four Stroke Gasoline Engine

Four Stroke Diesel Engine

Two Stroke Gasoline Engine

– gasoline (premixed) – diesel (diffusion)

• four stroke, two stroke – – – –

intake compression power exhaust

• problem areas – performance – emissions

Why?

5,000,000,000 engines (one engine for every man, woman and child in the world)