Intensive English Course

LESSON 1 : GREETING FRIENDS COMMUNICATION

GRAMMAR

Greeting friends, Leave taking Verb ‘to be’ present tense Giving & receiving classroom instruction Future: ’going to’ Constructions of ‘to be’, negative of ‘to be’ Using this and that Dialog Instructions : Please read the following dialog, then practice it with your friend!

Ani Ina Ani Ina Ani Ina now. Ani Ina

: : : : : :

Hi, Ina. How is it going? Hi, Ani. Very well, thanks, and how are things with you? All right. Where are you going? I am going to Class F12. I have a lecture there, Writing I Oh, I am going there too. My class is next to yours. Hurry up, please. The class starts at 07.30. It’s about the time

: OK. That’s your class. See you next time. : See you, too. Have a nice lecture.

Instruction classmates!

Interaction : Role Play, Practice greeting your fellow

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

=3

Greeting Expressions Friendly – Informal Greetings

Responses

Hello + first name

Hello + first name

How are you

Fine, thanks. And you?

Hi + first name

Hi + first name

How are you doing

OK. And how about you?

How’s it going?

OK. And how are things with

you? What’s up?

Everything is O.K.

Structure Focus : The use of verb ‘to be’ with Noun : I am a student home. You are a student. going to campus. She is a lecturer going to finish her He is a lecturer work. We are students to visit his friend. They are lecturers going to talk about our It is a pen

The Verb ‘to be’ The use of verb ‘to be’ with verb ‘to be’ with preposition:

The use of going to:

I am in class

I am going

You are at home

You are

She is in front of the class

She is

He is next to me.

Home

We are in the third floor

He is going

They are above us.

We are

It is near my house

future. They are

going to cross the

2

Contractions of the verb ‘to be’ Contractions are shortened forms of Subject and ‘to be’, combining the two words into one by dropping the initial letter of the verb ‘to be’ and putting an apostrophe in its place. I am = I’m We are = We’re I’m not We’re not He is =He’s They are =They’re He’s not They’re not |Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Structure Focus : This and That

This and that are used as determiners. This is used to determine the near object and that is used to determine the far object. For example :

This is my book

That is his book

This is my house

That is his house

This is your pen

That is your pen

That is not my book

Is that my book?

That is not my house

Is that your house?

That is not your pen

Is that his pen?

Exercise : Make sentences using ‘verb to be’ with noun and preposition.

Exercise : Make positive and negative sentences using ‘to be going to’.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Make positive and negative sentences using ‘this’ and ‘that’. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|Intensive English Course/Muhammadiyah Universityof Makassar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LESSON 2 : INTRODUCTION COMMUNICATION Introduce yourself and other Asking questions using Wh-questions questions And yes-no questions

GRAMMAR Verb ‘to be’ with adjective Wh-questions & Yes-no Simple Present Tense

SKILL Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing Introducing Yourself & Other Instructions : Please read the following dialog, then practice it with your friend. Tony : Alam : Tony : Alam : Tony : Alam :

Tony :

Hello, my name’s Tony. What is your name? How do you do? My name is Ali. How do you do. Are you a new student here? Yes, I’m. Where are you from? I’m from Bulukumba. And you? May I know where you are from too? Yes, of course. I’m from Palopo. My town is very far from your town but it doesn’t mean we can not be a friend. Do you mind to be my friend? Yes, I’m glad too. We’ll be always together then, because we’ll study at the same class.

Rani : Salsa, have you met Salma? Salsa : No, I haven’t actually. How do you do? Nice to meet you. Salma : How do you do? Nice to meet you too. What is your department here? Are you an English department student as me and Rani? Salsa : Yes, I’m an English department student too. I firstly met Rani at the Student Orientation Program. After that we always go together in this campus. Salma : It’s very kind of you. Rani is very fortunate to meet you. Do you want to be my friend too? Salsa : Yes, of course. It ‘s very pleasure to meet you and to

Interaction Instructions : Role Play. Practice to introduce yourself and your friend to your fellow classmates.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Introduction Expressions Self Hello, I’m ……………(name) …………. (name) Hello, my name is…………….(name) I’m…………..

Responses How do you do? I’m Pleased to meet you.

I don’t think we’ve met. I am………(name) Nice to meet you. I’m ………..(name) Hi, I’m………..(name). What’s your name? Hi, I’m……….(name). But everyone calls me …………………………(short name) Introducer The Introduced The Introduced (first name), this is + (first name) Hi, How are you? Hi, Fine thanks (name) do you know…….(name) How do you do?

No, I don’t actually

Structure Focus The Use of Verb ‘to be’ with Adjectives in Present Verb ‘to be’ links the subject of a sentence with a word or group of words in the predicate. When the sentence doesn’t have a verb as predicate, verb ‘to be’ replaces its place. The word that was linked by Verb ‘to be’ is called predicate word. The predicate word may be predicate noun or predicate pronoun, when the words linked are noun or noun phrase, or predicate adjective when the words linked are adjective or adjective phrase. Verb ‘to be’ with adjective My town is very far I’m very happy to know you I’m glad to I’m sleepy Structure Focus Simple Present Tense Form Affirmative Negative Question I work I do not work Do I work? You work You do not work Do you work? He works He do not work Does He work? She works She do not work Does She work? We work We do not work Do we work? 5 |Intensive English Course/Muhammadiyah Universityof Makassar You work You do not work Do you work?

Exercise : Exercise : Make sentences using ‘Simple Present Tense.

Make sentences using Simple Present Tense!

Make Sentences using Present Tense with verb ‘ to be’!

6

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 3 : EXPRESSING THANKS COMMUNICATION

GRAMMAR

Expressing & Accepting Thanks

Imperative Needs and wants.

SKILL Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing

Ani

: I bought this pen for you yesterday at the book store. I hope you will like it.

Asih : Thank you very much. I do like it. It’s a good pen. Ani

Adi

: Well, I must go now. Thank you for the lovely evening.

Andi

:Yes, thanks you very much. Especially for the delicious food.

: I’m glad you like it. Ridho

Misra

: I need a ruler to underline the important ideas on my book. May I borrow your rulel?

Masna is.

: Yes, you may. Here it

Misra

: Thank you so much.

Masna

:No need to thank me.

: Don’t mention it. Thank you for visiting me. Don’t forget to stop when you pass by this street.

Adi & Andi night.

:

Thank

you.

Good

Interaction Instruction: Role Play. Practice in expressing and accepting thanks to your fellow classmates. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………….. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………….. ……………………………………………. ………………………………………………... ……………………………………………. ………………………………………………... …………………………………………….

7

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Expressing Thanks Accepting Thanks I’m very much obliged to you welcome Thank you so much welcome Thank you pleasure That’s nice of you You’re very kind to me. Thank you thank me I don’t know how to thank you I can’t find any word to thank you Thanks for all Thank you for everything nothing. What are friends for?

You’re most You’re entirely It was my That’s OK No need to Don’t mention it Not at all Forget it Oh, it’s

Structure Focus Imperative Sentence Imperative with Don’t

Negative

It is used to give orders, to make offers, suggestions much.

Don’t eat too

And requests, and to give warnings. window

Don’t open the Don’t take my

pen.

Stop! Have some more coffee 8

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Tell your friend they can’t go home late Help me with these bags, please! Look out!

Structure Focus To Infinitive Want and Need

Want and Need can be followed by to infinitive – –

I want to eat something I need to do something

A want is something you would like to have or do. A need is necessity.

I’m tired. I want to go home. the hospital.

I’m sick. I need to go to

Stating Basic Wants and Needs Exercise : Read carefully the following sentences and state in a sentence your wants or needs.

1. I’m hungry. Where can I buy some food? 9

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I’m thirsty. Where can I get a drink of water? I’m tired. I need a rest for a while. I’m hot. Let’s go inside. It’s raining. Where can I buy an umbrella? I’m lost. Can you tell me where I am? 7. May I use your bathroom,please?

Practice Drill Answer the following sentences based on where you are now. Use imperative.

Can you tell me the way to the bank? Can you tell me the way to the train station? Can you tell me the way to the park? Where’s the post office? Where’s the parking lot?

10

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 4 : FAMILY RELATIONSHIP Mr. John Smith

Frank S.

Susan

Mr. John Smith (Mary)

Debora

Fred

Ted

Julia S.

Arthur

Tom

Jany W.

Reading Comprehension The family tree above describes that Mr. John Smith is Mary’s husband. Mr. and Mrs. John Smith have two children, one son and one daughter. Those are Frank S and Julia S. Frank is married to Deborah. She is now Mrs. Smith. They have got three children, one daughter and two sons. Those are Susan S, Fred S, and Ted S. Julia is married to Tom William. She is now Mrs. William. They have got two children, one son and one daughter. Those are Arthur W and Jany W. Susan, Fred, Ted, Arthur, and Jany are Mr. and Mrs. Smith’s grandchildren. So, the children call John as grandfather and Mary as grandmother. Deborah is Julia’s sister-in-law, and Tom is Frank’s brother-in-law, but they are Mr. And Mrs. Smith’s daughter and son-in-law. Susan, Fred, Ted are Julia’s nieces and nephews,, while Arthur and Jany are Frank’s nephew and niece. Frank’s children and Julia’s children are cousins. Vocabulary Pronounce the following words and write the meanings of them Words Words Meanings Meanings Husband ……………………..

Uncle ………………………….

Wife

Aunt

11

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

……………………..

………………………....

Son ……………………..

Cousin ………………………….

Daughter ……………………..

Brother-in-law ………………………...

Brother ……………………..

Sister-in-law …………………………

Sister ……………………..

Son-in-law …………………………

Father ……………………..

Step-father …………………………

Mother …………………….

Step-mother …………………………

Parents …………………….

Step-brother …………………………

Grandfather …………………….

Step-sister …………………………

Grandmother …………………….

Step daughter …………………………

Grandchildren …………………….

Step-son …………………………

Children …………………….

Step-children …………………………

Listening Practice Listen to the statements read by the teacher, then complete them orally! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Andy is my younger brother, his wife is my …………………… Amir is your father, Amir’s father is your ……………………… Diana is her daughter. Diana’s daughter is her………………….. My uncle has two children. They are my ……………………….. Susi is my sister. Her daughter is my …………………………… 6. Tuti is my mother’s sister. She is my …………………………... 12

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

7. Arif is your son. His wife is your ……………………………….

8. Budi is his father’s wife. He is his………………………………. 9. Aisyah is her husband’s sister. She is her ………………………. 10. Samsu is my daughter’s husband. His son is my ……………….. 11. Tomy is my daughter’s husband. He is my …………………….. 12.They are your cousins. They are your uncle …………………… 13.He is your brother. His son is your …………………………….. 14. Maryam is my mother-in-law. Her son is my ………………….. 15.Rudy is your brother, his son is your ……………………………

Writing Practice Write down your family relationship using ‘a family tree’, in the following:

LESSON 5 : TELLING TIME A. Time

COMMUNICATION Asking & Telling Time Dates

LANGUAGE FOCUS Expressing Time

SKILL 13

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing

Rahmat

: Excuse me, Could you tell

me

the

time,

please? Raden

Rini

Rani : At one thirty

: I’m sorry. I can’t tell you the time. My watch

Rini

: I want you to accompany me to go to Agung Shop.

Rani

: Yes, but I have had a promise to meet Ria at home before at two o’clock.

Rini

: That’s OK. You still have a half hour to meet with Ria. After that, we can go to Agung Shop together.

Rani

:Yes, I agree. But before we go we will pray Lohor first, OK?

Rini

: OK.

is not running. Rahmat

:That’s OK. I’m going to ask Rina. Rina, what time is it now?

Rina

: It’s a quarter past

nine Rahmat

: thank you. I think it’s time for us to go to the class.

Probably,

lecturer

has

the been

there. Rina

: What time does the class finish today, Rani?

: Let’s go. See you again, Raden.

Interaction Instruction: Role Play. Make a dialog with your friend that asking and telling time. ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… 14

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Time Expressions It’s five past eight It’s eight o-five

08.05 eight 08.10 It’s eight 08.15 It’s after eight 08.30 It’s after eight 08.35 It’s to two 08.45 It’s to nine 08.55 It’s 09.00 It’s

ten past eight

It’s five after

It’s eight ten

It’s ten after

a quarter past eight It’s eight fifteen

It’s a quarter

a half past eight

It’s a half

It’s eight thirty

twenty-five to nine It’s eight thirty-five a quarter to nine

It’s eight forty five

five to nine nine o’clock

It’s eight fifty-five

Exercise : What time is it? a. 02.10 f. 01.15

b. 07.20 g. 12.30

c. 10.25 h. 11.45

It’s twenty-five It’s a quarter It’s five to nine

d. 04.07 i. 03.40

e. 06.00 j. 05. 17

Time Expressions A minute is sixty seconds month An hour is sixty minutes (2nd ) month A day is twenty-four hours month Noon to Midnight is p.m. month A decade is ten years month A century is one hundred years month A millennium is one thousand years month 15

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

January is the first (1st) February is the second March is the third (3rd ) April is the fourth (4th ) May is the fifth (5th ) June is the sixth (6th ) July is the seventh (7th )

Universityof

Makassar

Midnight to noon is a.m. ) month

August is the eighth (8th September is the

ninth (9 ) month th

October is the tenth ( 10 ) month th

November is the eleventh (11 ) month th

December is the twelfth (12 ) month th

a.Ordinal Number Complete the following chart! 1st ......first 11th ……

…..........….

20th

.......……

2nd

……………

12th

……………

21st

……………

3rd

……………

13rd

……………

22nd

……………

4th

……………

14th

30th

……………

5th

……………

15th

…………… ……………

40th

……………

6th

……………

16th

……………

50th

……………

7th

……………

17th

……………

63rd

……………

8th

……………

18th

……………

99th

……………

9th

……………

19th

……………

100th

……………

b.Dates 1. January 1, 2009 2. July 20, 2009 nine 3. December 31, 2009 and nine 4. 2 August 1995 16

|Intensive

English

Grammar Focus January first, two thousands and nine July twentieth , two thousands and December thirty-first, two thousands Second of August, nineteen ninety

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

five. 5. 23 May 1824 four

Twenty-third of May, eighteen twenty

Exercise : Practice the spoken form of the following dates a. January 14, 1978

30 , 1988 a. 17th August, 1945 1860 f. September 21st, 1850

b. May 3rd, 1969

c. December

e. 10th October 1906

f. March 5th,

th

h. 20 July, 1746

i. 24th April 2001

Practice the following: A: When is your birthday? B: My birthday’s on the twenty-first of August, nineteen eighty two. (Say your own birthday!)

Practice Drill Stand in Line You’re standing in line to buy a present. Take a ticket. It’s number 15. You have the fifteenth ticket. Twenty-five more people take a ticket. What is the number on the last ticket? It’s the ……………….ticket. Ten more people take a ticket. What is the…..?It’s the….go on. Use : fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth, a hundredth.

Practice Drill What day is today? ………………………………… What month is it? ………………………………………. 17

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Today is It’s

Universityof

Makassar

What year is it? ………………………………………. What’s the date? …………………………………… What’s the date tomorrow?

It’s It’s the

LESSON 6 : COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUN COMMUNICATION Asking about Prices uncountable

GRAMMAR Countable and

SKILL Speaking, Listening, Reading, and Writing

Dialog Instructions : Please read the following dialog, then practice it with your friend

Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni Seller Marni 18

: Those apples, how much are they? : one thousand for one : They’re cheap : Yes, they’re cheap : Can I have six apple, please? : Certainly, Here you are : And what about the eggs? : They’re five hundred for one. : I’ll take three please. : Anything else? : Yes, I want a bottle of honey. : A large bottle or a small one? : How much is the large one? : Ten thousand : And what does a small bottle cost?

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Seller Marni Seller Marni

: Five thousand : I’ll have a small one, please. So….how much is that altogether? : Twelve thousand and five hundred rupiahs, please! : Thank you!

Exercise : Underline the expressions of asking about price in the dialog!

Structure Focus: A countable noun is one that can be counted, while uncountable noun is one that cannot be counted. However, it is possible to count some uncountable nouns if the substance is placed in a countable container. Study the following examples: Nouns Classifications Countable Nouns Pen

One pen, two pens, three pens

Book

A book, this book, that book, these books, those books.

Table

A table, one table

Uncountable nouns

Milk

A glass of milk, one glass of milk, two glasses of milk, etc. ( we cannot say a milk, one milk, two milk)

Sugar

A liter of sugar, two liters of sugar, three liters of sugar, etc. ( we cannot say : a sugar, two sugar, three sugar)

19

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

soap

A piece of soap, two pieces of soap, three pieces of soap, etc. (we cannot say : a soap, two soap, three soap)

Uncountable noun cannot be preceded by ‘a/an, one, two, three, etc. and does not have a plural form. Uncountable noun usually refers to a whole group of things that is made up of many individual parts. The whole category made up of different varieties. Study the following examples: Countable nouns

Uncountable nouns

singular

plural

Cupboard Bed Table Chair, etc.

Cupboards Beds Tables Chairs,etc.

Apple Orange Mangoe, etc.

Apples Oranges Mangoes,etc.

Dollar Pound Rupiah

Dollars Pounds Rupiahs

Furniture

Fruit ( collective noun)

money

Vocabulary Practice pronouncing these common uncountable nouns below; look up their meanings in your dictionary! Advice, air, anger, blood, butter, bread, beef, beauty, cheese, chalk, clothing, coffee, cream, confidence, darkness, dirt, dust, enjoyment, food, flour, gold, garbage, grass, hair, hardware, honey, happiness, 20

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

health,

help,

honesty,

homework,

housework,

justice,

jewelry,

knowledge, love, luck, literature, mail, money, news, pepper, rice, salt, sugar, traffic, wheat, etc.

Complete the following sentences with the given words! 1. He doesn’t have …………….money

Bottle / bottles

2. I need a piece of …………..

Salt / salts

3. There is a …………..on the table

Much / Many

4. She drank a ………….of orange juice

Glass / glasses

5. I use much …………on my food. 6.

He

bought

a

………if

milk

at

the

Some / money Cup / cups

supermarket 7. They have ………..furniture in their house

Chalk / chalks

8.They are lazy. Let me give them …….

Book / books

9. She cooks two………….of rice

People / person

10. I invited ten …………to my house for lunch

Advice / advices

LESSON 7 : EXPRESSING LIKES & DISLIKES COMMUNICATION

LANGUAGE FOCUS

Expressing likes & dislikes

Sentence structure

with likes & dislikes Command SKILL

21

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing

October 02nd

October 3rd, 2009

, 2009 Dear Rani, How are you? I am fine. These are some photos from our SMA graduation day. I like the photo of you and me. I have a lot of classes this semester, and I have to study every night. I like my teachers. They are very good. My roommate is reading her book now. We always study together every night. There will be a test tomorrow and I must study now. Rani, when is actually your birthday? Is it in November? Please write a letter soon. Sincerely,

Dear Linda, Thanks for your letter. The photos of the graduation day are nice. We look beautiful in the photo. I do like it too. My class is interesting this semester. I like my teachers too. I have five classes every day and night is the time for us to study too. I’m sorry not to write long because I have to finish my assignment. Tomorrow, it should be collected. You are right that my birthday will be in November. I will have a small party at my birthday and I hope you will be here at that time. See you soon. Your friend,

Linda

Rani

Maintaining skill: Write a letter to your friend, Write to him / her what ever you like and dislike in your new campus. ………………………………………………. …………………………………………… ………………………………………………. …………………………………………… ………………………………………………. …………………………………………… ………………………………………………. …………………………………………… 22

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

………………………………………………. ……………………………………………

Like & Dislike Expressions I like ……………………..very much ……………………………. Our photo Your style I love ………………………….. ……………………………… My Job mistakes The sound of wind against the trees hours I prefer …………………………… ………………………………….. Coffee of tea room Telephoning to writing letters

Dislike (hate) The idea The regulation I don’t like telling people their working long I detest sleeping in a dark his bad temper

Grammar Focus The following words mean: dislike: Like – enjoy – love stand

The following words mean hate – can’t bear - can’t

The words are usually followed by –ing: Like + verb-ing - I like reading Harry Potter Love + verb-ing – I love meeting people alone

23

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Hate + verb-ing - I hate reading book Can’t bear + verb-ing - She can’t bear being

Universityof

Makassar

Enjoy + verb-ing –

Can’t stand + verb-ing

I enjoy living in this village studying long

- He can’t stand

Grammar Focus : Like + ……. Like + Noun – They like music

Like + to infinitive clothes

The girls like new

-Doni likes to play football at school

He likes sport She likes reading

book Ramli likes travelling Alan likes to study mathematics. Like + V-ing music. –

She likes listening to

They like making cake

Practice Drill Tell the person next to you your name and one thing you like. That person introduces you to the class. I’m………………………………… ……………………………….. 24

|Intensive

English

This is

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

I like………………………………. ………………………...

He/ she likes

Ask your classmate about his other hobby. Try to find another student with the same hobby. What’s your hobby? I like.. ……………………………….. Does ……like………too? I like …..too.

LESSON 8 : USING PRONOUNS 25

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

COMMUNICATION Answering questions with whose

LANGUAGE FOCUS Pronouns & Modals

SKILL Reading, writing, speaking, Listening

Your watch is wrong, Tomi It is Friday night. Tomi’s boss, Mrs. Martina, is in her music store. Helen is there too. They are working. But Tomi isn’t there. “I’m not wearing my watch today. What time is it, Anisa?” Mrs.Martina asks. “It’s twenty past seven.” Anisa answers. “Where’s Tomi? He’s late.” “Hello, Mrs. Martina. Hello, Anisa, “ Tomy says. “I’m sorry, I’m late.” “It’s seven twenty. You are twenty minutes late, Tomi,” says Mrs. Martina. “What? are you sure? Look at my watch. I’m only ten minutes late.” “Your watch is wrong, Tomi. Turn on the radio, Anisa. Let’s find out the correct time.” “….and that’s the end of the news. The time is now seven fifteen. The weather for tomorrow….” “Both watches are wrong,” Mrs. Martina says. “Tom, your watch is slow and, Anisa, your watch is fast.” “But my watch is right every evening, and the next day it’s wrong again,” Tomi says, “What can I do?” “Mr. Baldi cleans and fixed watches. And he works every day. Go to his shop tomorrow. He can fix it for you.” “ But I must have a watch now.”

Asking and answer questions related to the text.

26

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

PERSONAL PRONOUN

POSSESSIVE

SUBJECT

OBJECT

ADJECTIVE

PRONOUN

I You He She It We You They

Me You Him Her It Us You Them

My Your His Her Its Our Your Their

Mine Yours His Her Its Ours Yours Theirs

Subject Pronoun

Object Pronoun

Possessive Adjective

Possessive Pronoun

I’m going out this evening

She is waiting for me now

I can’t find my keys

I can’t find mine

Do you share your room with Ani?

Sarah lent me a book

Sarah can’t find your house

Sarah can’t find yours.

He likes playing Doni talked to football him

Is this your book?

Is this yours?

She teaches English

She teaches her English

She has got her jacket.

Has she got hers?

It looks beautiful

I found it on the table

I like its accessories

The cat shakes its.

We meet at the meeting

She looked at us

I enjoy our cake

Are these books ours?

Are you the students of Unismuh?

I meet you at the party

Don’t leave your purses on the table

Are the purses yours?

27

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

They are studying in class

I like them very much

I like their watches

Are these watches theirs?

Interrogative Pronouns : Using ‘Whose’ You use whose when asking who something belongs to (Whose pen is this?)

Drill

Structure Focus Can It is used to talk about ability. The negative of can is cannot (contraction : can’t). Can you swim? He can play a guitar. I can’t open this bottle.

Must It is used in deductions to say that we are sure about something. You must be cold(I am sure that you are cold) The negative of must is mustn’t. It expresses that something is impossible. He mustn’t be at home. ( It is impossible that he is at home)

28

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Drill Make your own positive and negative sentences using can and must! ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. 29

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

…………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………

LESSON 9 : PARTS OF THE BODY COMMUNICATION FOCUS Identify parts of the Body Possessive with ‘S

LANGUAGE

SKILL Listening, speaking, Reading, Writing

Dialog Tono

: Have you been to the beach Peter?

Peter

: Yeah, I have. How did you know that?

Tono

: Your face is red. It looks like you’ve been in the sun.

Peter

: I got sun burnt. My arms and legs are red, too.

Tono

: I get sun burnt too. That’s why I cover my arms when I go out in the sun. I don’t want my skin to be dark.

30

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Peter

: Oh really. I want to get a tan. I like dark skin.

Tono

: That’s funny. You have light skin, but want to have dark skin. And I have dark skin, but want to have light skin.

Peter

: How about my nose? I think it’s too big, but many of my Indonesia friends like it. I’d like to have a small nose like yours.

Tono

: That’s funny too. I’d like to have a nose like yours.

Peter

: I guess we’ll just have to be happy with what we have..

Parts of the body Head mouth Toe

arm eye foot ear Tooth

face

hand

finger

Nose

leg

neck

Structure Focus Possessive with ’S. We use –‘s for people and animals. It is usually used for people and animal. “This is Tono’s book” “These are birds’ wings”

not not

“this is the book of Tono.” “these are the wings of bird”

-‘S is used after singular person such as friend’s, student’s, Peter’s This is my friend’s book. -‘S is also used after plural people such as: friend’s, student’s, Parents’. This is my friends’ book. Peter’s face is red Tono’s nose is small The man’s eyes are brown 31

|Intensive

English

(his face is red) (His nose is small) (His eyes are brown)

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

The girl’s hair is black The dog eats its food Your nose is small My nose is small

(Her hair is black) (It eats its food) (Your nose is small) ( My nose is small)

Drill Answer the teacher’s questions! ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. …………………………………………… ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………

Understanding a Humor: A: Why are you crying? B : The elephant is dead. A: Was he your pet? B : No, but I’m the one who must dig his grave! (Joe, Indiana)

LESSON 10 : DESCRIBING OBJECT 32

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

There are many ways to describe an object in English. Study the following examples and practice with your friends. A : I have a new watch. B: Oh, have you? What is it like? A: Well, it’s small and round

A : Has anyone seen my handbag? B : What does it look like? A : It’s black and made of a genuine leather. B : No, sorry.

A : I have a new scarf B : Really? What kind? A : It’s triangular with a red and white pattern B : Nice

A: Ani bought a new brooch last week. B : Really? What does it look like? A : It’s small and star shaped. B : What’s it made of? A : It’s made of gold. B : Nice.

Ways to say it Asking for a description What What What What

is it like? does it look like? is it made of? kind?

Describing Objects It’s …….. It looks……….

Vocabulary Size Texture Colour Shape Material

33

|Intensive

large, small, high, low hard, soft, heavy, light dark, light, red, blue, green, yellow, purple, black, white, grey, brown, orange, pink, beige. round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular. wood, metal, plastic, leather, glass, gold, silver.

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Study the following Questions and Statements! What shape is an apple? What colors are the Indonesian Flag? What shape is a football field? What’s a football made of? What’s a window made of? What colors are the chessboard? What colors are the chessboard?

It It It It It It It It It It It It

is is is is is is is is is is is is

big small oval in shape square in shape rectangular in shape circular in shape curved in shape oval in shape made of rubber made of wood made of leather made of metal

Describe your best friend’s house …..the kitchen, sitting room, curtains and carpet. The question has been asked for you. A : What does your friend’s house look like? You : …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

. …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. .

LESSON 11 : DESCRIBING PEOPLE Describing People Present Continuous Tense

Describing Personality Adjectives

1. Conversation ( At a campus)

Ahmad Yani Ahmad

Yani

: Hi, what’s the matter? You look confused : Actually, I’m looking for Mrs. Munirah. She is my academic advisor but I have not met her. : That’s her, over there. She is standing near the window. She’s wearing a black skirt and a blue scarf. She wears glasses : Ah, thank you very much.

(later on, Yani met another friend) Hasbiah Yani Hasbiah Yani Hasbiah Yani 35

: Did you meet your academic advisor this morning? : Yes, I did. : What does she look like? : Well, she’s tall. She’s about 165 cm. And she wears glasses. : Is she good looking? : Yes, she is pretty.

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Ways to say it Asking for Description

–

–

–

What does….look like? Could you describe….fo r me What’s she wearing?

Describing People’s dress

She is wearing a black skirt She is wearing a flowery blouse They are wearing plain trousers

Describing people’s height

He’s tall She’s short She’s medium height He’s not very tall.

Describing People’s appearance

A : What does he/she look like? B : He’s handsome. He has short black hair.

Attention : “ She wears glasses”. (meaning: She always wears glasses. It is a fact that she wears glasses). “She’s wearing glasses”. (meaning: She is wearing glasses now but she doesn’t always wear them).

2. Structure Focus: Present Continuous tense Study the following rules: Affirmative (+)

Negative (-)

I

Am

I

Am

You

Are

You

Are

We

Are

We

Are

They

Are

They

Are

He

Is

He

Is

36

|Intensive

Wearing a necklace

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

not

Wearing a necklace

Universityof

Makassar

She

Is

She

Is

It

Is

It

Is

Question (?) Am

I

You Are We Wearing a necklace? They

He Is She

it

Work in pairs Take turn to describe your partner. Use structure such as: –

He’s Tall/ short / slim / average build. She’s

–

He’s Has black eyes/ black hair / dark skin She’s

37

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

–

He’s / wearing a batik skirt / a plain brown blouse / a gold ring/a flowery blouse. She’s

–

…………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

. …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. . …………………………………………………………………………………………………. .

Essential Vocabulary Body

Tall

Average Build

Short

Average height

Fat Thin Hair

Blond

Straight

Face

Square

Dark

Curly

Oval

Straight

Wavy

Round

Short Long Shoulderlength Bald Dress and Others 39

|Intensive

Dress

English

Moustache

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Jacket Jeans

Beard t-shirt

Blouse glasses Skirt Shirt Trousers Shoes Suit boots

1. Describing Personality Work with your partner or with a dictionary. Memorize all the adjective which can be used to describe people’s personalities. English

Indonesia n

English

Indonesian

English

Honest

Wise

Moody

Intelligent

Adaptable

Good

Kind

Reliable

Patient

Fair

Boring

Funny

Careful

Selfconfident

clever

Jealous

Creative

Cheerful

Noisy

Intolerant

Friendly

Sensitive

Mean

Gentle

Lazy

Pessimistic

Humble

Quiet

Dependent

40

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Indonesi an

Impatient

Universityof

Makassar

Selfish

Introvert

Responsible

Unselfish

Lively

Irresponsibl e

Compassion ate

Outgoing

Unfriendly

Thoughtful

Rude

Generous

rich

Competitiv e

Loyal

Optimistic

Ambitious

Tidy

Polite

Talkative

Sincere

helpful

attractive

truthful

1. Find the opposite of the words above! 2. Choose the ten personal characteristics our of those listed which best describe the kind of person you think you are! a……………… i…………….

c…………… e ………………. g …………….

b……………… j…………….

d…………… f ………………. h …………….

3. Work in pairs. Tell each other the ten personal characteristics you have chosen to describe yourself. Do you agree with description of your partner?

41

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 12

: TALKING ABOUT HOLIDAY

Talking about holiday

Wh- and yes / no questions

Past Tense

Regular and irregular verbs

1. Dialog Rita Santi Rita Santi

: : Did you have a good holiday, Santi? : It was okay. : What did you do? : Well, I visited my grandparents in Soppeng. When I was there, I went to swim in a pool, called Ompo, almost everyday. How about you? Did you do something special? Rita : No, I just stayed in my boarding house and watched television everyday.

2. Structure Focus Past Tense: a. The form of the past simple is the same for all persons (I, you, he, she, etc.) Affirmative (+) Negative (-) I You He We (etc)

Visited grandparents Went home

my

I You He We (etc.)

Did not visit my grandparents Did not go home.

Question (?) Did

You visit your grandparents? He go home?

Exercise 1: Change the following sentences into negative or interrogative (?) sentences! 42

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

1. She carried a briefcase. (-) -------------------------------------------------2. He mended a sock (?) -------------------------------------------------- ? 3. I fried some fish (-) -------------------------------------------------4. We gave her a dictionary (-) -------------------------------------------------5. A cat stole my fish (?) -------------------------------------------------- ? 6. They took an English class (-) -------------------------------------------------7. We ate too much last night (?) -------------------------------------------------- ? 8. Anti hid my bag. (-) --------------------------------------------------

Exercise 2 : Write down the past tense forms of the following verbs! See …………… ………………..

run

…………….

Go ……………….

Drink

wear …………… ………………..

bring …………….

Fly ……………….

Marry

catch …………… ……………….

drive …………….

Hit ………………. Hurry

3. Pronunciation 1. Listen to the pronunciation of irregular verb ending –ed. Then practice the words. /d/

43

|Intensive

/t/

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

/id/

Universityof

Makassar

Loved

talked

visited

Lived

looked

landed

Smiled attended

watched

2. Put the words below into three lists: word ending with /d/, /t/, and /id/.

Opened laughed

added

Wanted invited

fixed

Saved missed

repaired

liked listened painted

waited finished learned

4. WH – Questions A Wh-question begins with a question word : what, where, who, whose, when, why, which, how. Ex. : What did you do? Where did you go? Conversation: On holiday Rahma Santi Rahma Santi Rahma Santi Rahma Santi

: hi! When did you get back from Jakarta? : Three days ago : How was your trip : It was wonderful. I had a great time! : Really? How long were you there? : I was there for one week. : Did you go to “Taman Mini”? : No, I didn’t. I didn’t have time, but I went to Monas and Ancol.

Practice the conversation above and take turns with your friend talking about an interesting holiday! 44

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

5. Intonation: Yes / no questions and WH-questions Yes or No questions which expect Yes or No have a different intonation from those which begin with a question word (wh-question). The former has a rising intonation at the end of the sentence while the latter has a falling intonation. Example : Yes / No Questions 1. Will she phone you later? 2. Has the bus left? 3. Can you solve the problem

WH - Questions 1. What did you watch last night? 2. Where do you live? 3. Who gave you that t-shirt?

Practice saying the following sentences with a correct intonation: 1. a. Does she often cook? b. How often does she cook? 2. a. Did they play tennis yesterday b. what did they play yesterday? 3. a. Is she doing his homework? b. What is he doing? 4. a. Have they bought a new car? b. What have they bought? 5. a. Was your sister going to apply for the job? b. what was your sister going to do? 6. a. was Andi late for the appointment? b. who was late for the Understanding a Humor : 45

|Intensive

English

7. a. Does the bank close on Saturday? b. When does the bank close? 8.

a. are you going to Jakarta? b. where are you going ?

9.a. will you come here by car of on foot? b. How will you come here? 10.a. Did Ana go to Jakarta with Ani? b. With whom did Ana go to Jakarta?

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

A man goes to the doctor and says, ”Doctor, wherever I touch, it hurts.” The doctor asks, “what do you mean?” The man says.”When I touch my shoulder, it really hurts. If I touch my knee-OUCH! When I touch my forehead, it really, really hurts.” The doctor says, ”I know what’s wrong with you. You’ve broken your finger!”(by Sean McLoughlin)

LESSON 13 : ASKING SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING Asking someone to do something Writing Notes

Read these dialogues with a partner! Mrs. Smith please?

: It’s very hot in this room. Can you open the window,

Rina

: Sure

Mrs. Smith : Thank you very much.

Mrs. Smith : Could you turn on the light, please? It’s very dark in this room. Rina

: Yes, of course

Mrs. Smith : Thank you very much.

Ana

: Could you mail this letter on your way to school, please?

Rina

: Certainly

46

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Ana

: Thank you very much.

Mrs. Smith : Can you clean the living room, please? It’s very dusty. Rina

: I’m sorry. I’m busy at the moment. I’ll do it after I have finished writing this letter.

Exercise: Write down your own sentences. Don’t forget to use can or could! For Example: Close the door.

Can you close the door, please?

1. Paint the walls ………………………………………………………………. 2. Turn down the radio …………………………………………………………… 3. Cook some rice ………………………………………………………………… 4. Fix the radio …………………………………………………………………… 5. Pick the garbage……………………………………………………………….. 6. Heat the soup …………………………………………………………………. 7. ………………………………………………………………………………… 8. ………………………………………………………………………………… 9. ………………………………………………………………………………… 10.…………………………………………………………………………………

Pair Works :

Ask your partner to do the things below. Don’t forget to use please! • • • • 47

Return these novels to the library for me. Help me clean the class Hand me the dictionary Change this fifty thousand rupiahs bill for me

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

• • • •

Carry this box for me Water the plants in the garden ………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………..

Writing Ifa,

Could you please stop at the market and get some salty fish on the way home from campus? Could you also buy some vegetable and fresh fruit? I’m going to be late today, could you please prepare the dinner when you get home?

Thanks ,

Ira

Write notes like this based on the information below!

1. You are going to attend an English camp. You want your room mate, to do the following things for you: a. Return the books to the library. b. Submit your homework to the lecturer c. Feed your cat while you are away 1. Your sister, Ayu, is going home to see your parents. You want her to

do the following things for you while she is at home. a. Ask some money from father for you b. Bring you back mother’s fried chicken 48

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

c. Borrow your brother’s badminton racket for you.

LESSON 14 : ASKING FOR AND GIVING PERMISSION Asking for and giving permission

Read these dialogues with a partner! Tuti

: May I borrow your pen, please? I left mine at home

Idah

: Yes, you may. Here you are.

Tuti

: thank you very much.

Badri : May I use your phone, please? I want to call my father Arsyih : Yes, of course Badri : Thank you very much.

Ana : May I come to your house this afternoon, please? I want to see your new bike. Rina

: Certainly

Ana

: Thank you very much.

Budi

: Can I smoke in this room, please?

Rina

: I’m sorry, you can’t. This is a non-smoking area.

49

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Exercise 1 : Write down your own sentences. Don’t forget to use can or may! For Example :

Close the door.

Can You close the door, please?

1. Watch television ………………………………………………… 2. Turn on the light ………………………………………………… 3. Go home earlier ………………………………………………… 4. Park in this street ………………………………………………… 5. Wear your jacket ………………………………………………… 6. Borrow your dictionary ………………………………………………… 7. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 8. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 9. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 10.…………………………………………………………………………………….

Exercise 2 : Match the answer of the questions in column A with the ones in column B! A

50

|Intensive

English

B

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

1. May I use your typewriter for a moment? 2. Can I borrow your motorcycle for an hour? 3. May I borrow your newspaper? 4. Can I turn on the radio? 5. Can I turn on the fan?

I haven’t finished reading it

I have to type a letter

It’s very hot in here I’m going to use it to go to campus I’m trying to study.

Understanding Humor: A woman was driving in her ear on a narrow road. She was knitting at the same time, so she was driving very slowly. A man came up from behind and he wanted to pass her. He opened the window and yelled. “Pull over! Pull over!” the lady yelled back, “No, it’s a sweater!” (Britt Bolving Hansen)

51

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 15 : TALKING ABOUT A PLACE Talking about a place

What’s Makassar like? It’s a nice/interesting/boring/clean/crowded/busy/dirty city.

Conversation: Yahya : Where do you come from, Hera? Hera

: I come from Soppeng

Yahya : That must be an interesting place. What’s it like? Hera

: It’s nice

Yahya : How big is it? Hera : It’s actually not very big. It has a population about two hundred and fifty. Yahya : And what’s the capital? Hera

: Watan Soppeng. It’s on the high land.

Yahya : What’s the weather like? Hera : Oh, it’s hot most of the time. But a little bit cooler in the morning. Yahya : What can we do there? Hera

52

: It’s a good place to go sightseeing.

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Pairwork: Ask your partner about his/her city or hometown. Use the model above!

Vocabulary Match each word in column A with its opposite in column B! A a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.

B

Beautiful Big Cheap Clean Hot Interesting Old Quiet Safe Wet

Boring Dangerous Dirty Expensive Dry New Cold Small Ugly Noisy

Reading : Read the following passage!

Jakarta is a big city of about nine million people. It’s a busy city with lots of big and tall buildings. It’s also an interesting city. Nowadays, many people live in high-rise apartments in parts of the city. The business district is very modern, with lots of tall new office buildings.

53

|Intensive

English

The government buildings in Jakarta are beautiful and some date from the colonial days. Jakarta is famous for its museums, shops and restaurants. There are many good museums to visit and good shopping centers to shop. The prices are quite reasonable. Writing :Write a short description of your town or city using the

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

model above. Answer these questions to complete your description. 1. How big is it? 2. What is it like? 3. What are some of its most important features? 4. What are the buildings like? 5. What is the business district like?

54

|Intensive

English

6. What is the town/city famous for? 7. What the shops like? 8. Are there any good restaurants?

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Ways to ask and describe a place: A : What’s

Jakarta Makassar

Like?

Surabaya B: It’s a

Nice Clean Crowded Busy

City

Dirty Interesting Boring Fascinating A : How big is

Jakarta? Makassar? Surabaya?

B: It’s not very big It’s very big It’s pretty small It has a population of about 2 million/200.000 A: What’s the weather like in Jakarta? B: It’s

Hot Bad Good

Most of the time.

All right nice

55

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 16 : USING HAVE / HAS COMMUNICATION

GRAMMAR

Giving answers to questions

The use of have/has

SKILL Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing

Structure Focus: Have / has as full verb is used in the simple present tense. Subject Predicate (verb) Object I

Have

Many friends

You

Have

Much money

We

Have

Three sons

They

Have

One daughter

She

Has

Many books

He

Has

A special friend

It

Has

Four legs

Have/has as auxiliary verb: (a) It is used in the present perfect tense. Subject

Predicate (verb)

Object/comple ment

Adjunct

Aux.

Verb

I

have

Written

A letter(0)

today

You

Have

Made

The cake (0)

Now

We

Have

Played

Football (0)

Already

They

Have

Looked

Busy (C)

There

She

Has

become

A singer (C)

inMakass

56

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

ar He

Has

Sung

A song (0)

Recently

It

has

eaten

The grass (0)

already

(b) it is used in the present perfect continuous tense: Subject

Predicate (verb) Aux.

Verb

Object/complem ent

Adjunct

I

Have

been

Writing

Letter (0)

For ten minutes

You

Have

been

Eating

The cake (0)

For an hour

We

Have

been

Playing

Football (0)

For thirty minutes

They

Have

been

looking

Very busy (C)

Since at seven o’clock

She

Has

been

Looking

Happy (C)

For two days

He

Has

been

Singing

A song (0)

For five minutes

it

has

been

Eating

Grass (0)

Since this morning

(c) It is used in the future perfect tense. Subject

Predicate (verb) Aux.

Verb

Object/comple ment

Adjunct

I

Will

Have

Written

A Letter (0)

Before you come

You

Will

Have

Made

The cake (0)

In a few minutes

We

Will

Have

Played

Football (0)

At four tomorrow

They

Will

Have

Become

A teacher (C)

On January next year

She

Will

Have

Looked

Sad (C)

He

Will

Have

Sung

A song (0)

At seven tonight

it

Will

Have

Eaten

Grass (0)

At five this

57

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

At eight tomorrow

Universityof

Makassar

afternoon

(d) It is used in the future perfect continuous tense. Subje ct

Predicate (verb) Aux.

Object/

Adjunct

Verb

complement

I

Will

Have

been

Writin g

A Letter (0)

For five minutes before you come

You

Will

Have

been

Eating

The cake (0)

For a few minutes by nine

We

Will

Have

been

Playin g

Football (0)

For an hour by four o’clock tomorrow

They

Will

Have

been

worki ng

She

Will

Have

been

Stayin g

In Jakarta (C)

He

Will

Have

been

Singin g

A song (0)

it

Will

Have

been

Eating

The rass (0)

Their tasks (C) For three days by Saturday For two weeks before her husband arrives For ten minutes by seven tonight. For a few minutes by five.

Have/has may also be followed by present participle form of ‘to be’ (been) if the sentences consist of predicate non-lexical verb. Study the following examples : Subject Predicate (verb)

Object/complem ent

Adjunct

Aux.

Verb

I

have

been

A teacher

For ten years

You

Have

been

A student

For two months

We

Have

been

teachers

For ten years

They

Have

been

back

In Makassar

She

Has

been

sad

For a few minutes

|Intensive

English

58

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

He

Has

been

A singer

In Jakarta

It

has

been

interesting

For five years

Listening Practice: Close your book, then listen to the teacher will read the following text. Listen carefully, then answer the questions after listening to the text. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have two sons and two daughters. They have a big house in Makassar. Their house has a living room, a dining room, and a kitchen. It also has six bedrooms and four bathrooms. The Browns have some beautiful trees. They have a car and two motorcycles, but they do not have servants. They have a lot of furniture, but their furniture is old. Mr. Brown is a teacher, and Mrs. Brown is, too. They have good job, but they need a lot of money for their big family. Answer the following questions orally! 1. How many children do the Browns have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. How many daughters do they have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Do they have small big house? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Where is their house? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. What rooms does it have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6. How many bedrooms does it have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7. How many cars do they have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 8. Do they have a cycle? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 9. What do they not have? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 10.What is Mrs. Brown? ………………………………………………………………………………………..

59

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Speaking Practice Open your book, then, write the answers of the questions above. Practice the questions and answers with your classmates.

Reading Practice Read the following text carefully, then answer the questions. The work starts at 8.30 in the morning. Mary has not been in the office very long. Neither have the others. They have been working since nine o’clock. They have been working for less than ten minutes. The manager has come but he has been ten minutes late. One man has just been standing by the window for the last ten minutes. The two typists have not been doing their work very much, either. They have been talking. Questions : 1. What time does the work start? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Who has not been in the office very long? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. How many minutes have they been doing their work? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Who has been working since 9 o’clock? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. What time has the manager come? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6. Has he come late? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7. Who has just been standing by the window? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 8. How many typists are there in the office? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 9. Have they done their homework? ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 10.What have they been doing? 60

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

……………………………………………………………………………………….. Writing Practice: Write an Essay at least one paragraph, expressing ‘what you have’ or ‘ what you have done’. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… Continue to the next page…. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

61

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name 62

|Intensive

English

: ……………………………

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Reg.Num : …………………………… Class

: ……………………………

LESSON 17 : VERB FORMS IN ENGLISH In English, the verb forms used to produce the sentences can be seen in the following table:

Regula r

Simple form

Past form

Past Participle form

Present Participle form

Accept

Accepted

Accepted

Accepting

Admire

Admired

Admired

Admiring

Collect

Collected

Collected

Collecting

Conduct

Conducted

Conducted

Conducting

Develop

Developed

Developed

Developing

Discuss

Discussed

Discussed

Discussing

Employ

Employed

Employed

Employing

Emphasize

Emphasize d

Emphasized

Emphasizing

Followed

Following

Indicated

Indicating

Lived

Living

Studied

Studying

Waited

Waiting

Walked

Walking

worked

working

Follow Indicate

Indicated

Live Study Wait Walk Work 63

|Intensive

Followed

Lived Studied Waited Walked

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Irregul ar

Etc……

worked

Beat

Beat

Beaten

Beating

Begin

Began

Begun

Beginning

Catch

Caught

Caught

Catching

Choose

Chose

Chosen

Choosing

Drink

Drank

Drunk

Drinking

Drive

Drove

Driven

Driving

Eat

ate

Eaten

Eating

Feel

Felt

Felt

Feeling

Fly

Flew

Flown

Flying

Hear

Heard

Heard

Hearing

Keep

Kept

Kept

Keeping

Lead

Led

Led

Leading

Leave

Left

Left

Leaving

Ride

Rode

Ridden

Riding

Send

Sent

Sent

Sending

Swim

Swam

Swum

Swimming

Stand

Stood

Stood

Standing

Tear

Tore

Torn

Tearing

Throw

Threw

Thrown

Throwing

Wear

Wore

Worn

Wearing

Etc…..

Etc…..

Etc…..

Etc…..

The Usage of the English verb forms 64

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

Verb Forms Simple Form

Tenses 1. Simple Present Tense

(I)

Examples - John studies Indonesian twice a week. -They write a letter every month.

2. Future Tense

- You will study English tomorrow. - She will make the cake next week.

Past Fort

3. Simple Past Tense

( II)

- He worked at the office two years ago. -Ina sang many songs last month.

Past Participle (III)

4. Present perfect tense - I have indicated the problem - The man has caught the hall. 5. Past Perfect tense

6. Future Perfect Tense

- My friend had studied the lesson before I came. - He had drunk coffee before he went to the office. - I will have worked this task at ten tomorrow. - The teacher will have begun the lesson at seven next week.

Present Participle (IV)

7. Present continuous tense

8. Past Continuous tense 65

|Intensive

English

- She is collecting data now. - My friends are driving their cars. -They were studying English when their friends came. - He was not feeling well while he

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

was walking.

9. Present Perfect Continuous tense

10. Past Perfect Continuous tense

- I have been waiting for you about ten minutes. -His father has been working on a farm this week, -They had been living in Makassar for ten years before he moved to Jakarta. - The patient had been waiting for an hour when the doctor arrived.

11. Future Continuous tense

- He will be working his thesis this semester -

12. Future perfect continuous tense.

I will be drinking tea at seven tomorrow morning.

- They will have been discussing the problems for two hours by one o’clock. - He will have been staying in Makassar for two years by next year.

Write these sentences by using correct tenses!

No . 1.

Sentences Dia makan roti setiap pagi.

Tenses ……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 2. 66

Dia sudah makan roti sekarang. |Intensive

English

……………………………………

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

……………………………………………….. 3.

Dia telah makan roti ketika temannya datang ke rumahnya kemarin.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 4.

Dia akan makan roti besok.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 5.

Dia sudah makan roti pada pukul 7 besok pagi.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 6.

Dia sedang makan roti sekarang.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 7.

Dia sedang makan roti ketika temannya datang ke rumahnya kemarin..

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 8.

Dia sudah (sedang) makan roti selama 10 menit

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 9.

Dia makan roti kemarin.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 10.

Dia sudah (sedang) makan roti setiap pada pukul 6.30 besok.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 11.

Dia sudah (sedang ) makan roti selama 10 menit sebelum dia pergi ke kampus kemarin.

……………………………………

……………………………………………….. 12.

67

Dia sudah (sedang) makan roti selama 30 menit sampai pada pukul

|Intensive

English

……………………………………

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

7 besok pagi. ………………………………………………..

Speaking Practice Practice the following dialogue with your classmates! Mr. Black : Good evening. I want a room, please! Clerk

: Yes, sir

Mr. Black : But I don’t want a small room. I want a large room Clerk

: Yes, sir. Number ten is a large room

Mr. Black ; Oh, good. Because I want a room with a window. Clerk

: Yes. Number ten has small window

Mr. Black : No, I don’t want a room with a small window. I want a room with a large window. Clerk

: Yes, sir. Let me see. Oh, number 12 has got a large window.

Mr. Black : Oh, good. Has it got a carpet? Clerk

: Yes, sir. All the rooms have got carpet.

Mr. black

: Good. I want a room with a carpet

Clerk

: Yes, it has got a nice blue carpet.

Mr. Black

: No, I don’t want a room with a blue carpet. I want a room

68

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

with a red carpet. Clerk

: ah…….

Writing Practice Read the conversation between Mr. Black and Clerk above, and then write a conversation between man and woman who needs some books in a library. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

69

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

LESSON 18 : USING MODAL AUXILIARIES The modal auxiliaries have a number of different meanings. They are usually used to indicate something, which is potential or uncertain. The modal auxiliaries do not change their form for person or number, -s form is not used for the third person singular. The position of modal auxiliaries in a sentence is after the subject before the rest of the sentence. Study the forms and meanings of the modal auxiliaries as follows:

Forms

Meanings

Will/

Future time

-be going to Ability

-be permitted to /

Permission

May /

–

They have permission to come in. Permission

Be permitted to have permission to it’s possible that……

Might / –

You may come to my house She is permitted to take it. Possibility

it’s possible that

Jim might go to Jakarta. It’s possible that Jim will go to Jakarta.

Obligation

We should visit our parents.

Desirability

We ought to visit our parents.

Must / |Intensive

He has permission to do it. It’s possible that my sister will come tonight.

Possibility

Should / Ought to

70

He can speak English / He is able to speak English. I was permitted to go home.

- have permission to

–

I will go to school tomorrow I am going to go to school tomorrow

Can / be able to

–

Sentences

She must take an exam next month. English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

– – –

have to I conclude that….. It’s very probable that…..

Necessity

She has to take an exam next month.

Inference

I conclude that she has to take an exam next month.

Conclusion Probability

It’s very studying.

probable

that

she

is

Listening Practice (Close your book) In this practice, the teacher will read the following statements using ‘modal auxiliaries’. The students will mention the meanings of each statement read by the teacher. 1. My daughter is in your class. I conclude that you know her. 2. It’s possible that he is going to study Indonesian 3. It’s very probable that you spend a lot of time in the library. 4. Every student ought to read at least four books every month. 5. My friends are going to study English in my house tonight. 6. Her father is able to swim very well. 7. She has permission to see the doctor. 8. We have to get up at five every morning. 9. It’s possible that my daughters will make the cake. 10.You are permitted to consult your task. Open your book and check your answer with the help of your lecturer.

Speaking Practice Practice the following dialogue with your classmates: Student A 71

: Hi, Ita (student B). Are you going to study in my house

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

tonight? Student B : Oh, yes. But I do not know where your house is. Can you tell me the way to your house, please? Student A : Well, go down the street, turn the right at the corner, past the bus station, and it’s on your right. Student B : Oh. Thank you. I see. What should we study? Student A : We are going to have English structure test tomorrow morning, so we have to study it hard. Student B

: I will come even though my house is very far from your house, but may I spend the night in your house?

Student A : why not? Student B : Thank you very much Student A : Nice to see you again.

Writing Practice : Write an essay about : ‘the things you can / can’t do’ ‘the things you will / will not do’ ‘the things you should do’

……………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

72

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

73

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

LESSON 19 : TELLING DAYS, WEEKS, MONTHS, YEARS Expressing Time in days, weeks, months, and years. Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday,

Days

Yesterday, the day before yesterday, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, the other day, morning, afternoon, evening.

Weeks

Last week, this week, next week, one week, two weeks, a week ago, two weeks ago, etc.

Months

January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, October, November, December.

Last month, this month, next month, one month, two months, three months, two months ago, three months ago, etc.

Years

74

|Intensive

Last year, this year, next year, one year, two years, three years, two

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

years ago, three years ago, etc.

Speaking Practice : Work in pairs. Ask your partner about his/her activities, every week, every month, and every year. Make notes of the answers. As like this : Questions

Answers

What are your activities every day / ……………………………………………… every week / every month / every ……………………………………………… year? ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… What will you do tomorrow / next week / next month / next year / the ……………………………………………… other days? ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… What did you do yesterday / last ……………………………………………… week / last month / last year? Etc…………

Tell the rest of the class what your partner has done!

Writing Practice:

Write three paragraphs about : “ the things your partner usually do” “the things your partner will do” “the things your partner has done”

……………………………………………………………………………… 75

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar

………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Speaking Practice: Mary : Jimmy, it’s eight o’clock Jimmy : eight o’clock? Mary : Yes, It’s time to get up Jimmy : Time to get up? Mary : Yes, it’s time to go to work. It’s Friday Jimmy : Friday? It’s not Friday. It’s Saturday. It’s weekend and it’s holiday. Mary : It’s not Saturday, It’s Friday. It’s not a holiday and it’s time to get up. Jimmy : Oh, no, it isn’t. Mary : It isn’t ? Jimmy : It’s the thirty first today. It’s a holiday. Mary : A holiday? Jimmy : Yes, It’s a holiday and I am going back to sleep

77

|Intensive

English

Course/Muhammadiyah

Universityof

Makassar