Infectious/non-infectious Disease

Infectious/Non-Infectious Disease 

Non-Infectious Disease (Ch. 23) 

A non-communicable disease (NCD) Disease which is noninfections and non-transmissible among people. Not

transmitted by mean of a pathogen (disease causing agent). - NCD may be chronic disease of long duration and slow progression or may result in more rapid death. 

Ex. – Cancer, Heart Disease, Asthma, Diabetes, Stroke, etc.

3 Categories of Non-Infectious Diseases Genetic  Sex/Gender  Familial Disease Tendency

3 Categories of Non-Infectious Diseases Lifestyle 

High Fat Diet

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Lack of Sleep

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Smoking/Smokeless Tobacco

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Stress

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Exposure to Sun

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Lack of Exercise

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Poor Nutrition

3 Categories of Non-Infectious Diseases Environment 

Polluted Air and Water

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Harmful Substances in Food

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Exposure to Sun

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Injury/Accident

Infectious Diseases 

Infectious Disease: A disease caused by organisms- such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasite. Many live in and on our bodies. They’re normally harmless or even helpful, but some organisms may cause disease.

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Pathogens: microorganisms and viruses that cause diseases 

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Enter your body and multiply making you sick

4 types: 

Bacterial

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Viral

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Fungal

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Protozoan

Bacterial 

Air, soil, food, in and on the bodies of plants and animals

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Some give off toxins or a poison that could grow on the food (food poisoning)

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Ex: strep throat

Viral 

100 times smaller than bacteria

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A virus can multiply only after entering a living cell

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Ex: common cold

Fungal 

Yeast, molds, and mushrooms are known as fungi

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Grows in warm, dark, moist areas.

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Ex: athletes foot

Protozoans 

Single-celled organisms that are much larger than bacteria

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Can move through fluids to search for food

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Ex: Malaria (infects red blood cells causing weakness and nausea)

How Pathogens Are Spread 

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Infected people 

Shaking hands

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Indirect contact like coughs or sneezing

Infected Animals Objects 

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Doorknobs, eating utensils, towels, cups

Food, Soil, or Water 

Salmonella found in poultry and eggs

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E. coli found in beef

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Drinking water that is contaminated by sewage