Industrial Planning V20910

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES College of Architecture and Fine Arts Sta.Mesa Manila

INDUSTRIAL

PLANNING DESIGN STANDARDS & GUIDELINES

DELA CRUZ , MA . GINELLI D . C . FORONDA , EMMAN A . VASQUEZ , JEMARIE S . VASQUEZ , REYMHAR V . BSARCH 5 - 2D ARCHT . REY S . GABITAN

INDUSTRIAL PLANNING DEFENITION & CLASSIFICATION

INDUSTRIAL SUBDIVISION ØA track of land partitioned into lots for sale or lease to establishments engaged primarily in industrial production and services. ØThe degree of the development may be limited to the provision of the utilities and allocation of areas for industrial buildings, facilities and amenities.

INDUSTRIAL PLOT ØAlso called “factory plot”, an allocated lot within industrial subdivision intended for industrial or factory used and where such factory is located

INDUSTRIAL ESTATE A form of industrial subdivision characterized by three basic features:

1. It is developed according to a comprehensive plan 2.Continuing management of the entire area is left to a single controlling body 3.Screening industries is undertaken prior to development.

INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION LIGHT INDUSTRIAL

ØNon-pollutive, non-hazardous industries ØCustomary support facilities for industries such as housing, community, utilities, and services ØBuilding/structure with lesser negative environmental impact ØCharacterized mainly as low rise but sprawling building

Example: -ice plants/cold storage -power plants (thermal, hydro or geothermal) -pumping plants -factories & workshop using incombustible or non-explosive materials

Ø

MEDIUM INDUSTRIAL

ØStorage and hazardous industrial ØPollutive/non-hazardous industries and pollutive/hazardous industries only. ØA medium industrial use or occupancy, characterized mainly as low rise but sprawling building for medium intensity manufacturing or production activities.

MEDIUM INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION

vMedium Industrial which shall include storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable materials Example: -storage tanks, building for storing gasoline,etc. -Armories, arsenals, munitions factories -match and fireworks factories -plastics processing plants -all type of large complexes for public utilities

Ø

Ø

vMedium Industrial which shall include storage and handling of hazardous and flammable materials Example: -dry cleaning plants using flammable liquids -paint stores with bulk handling -paint shops with spray painting rooms -sign and billboard painting shops vMedium industrial buildings for wood working activities, paper cardboard manufacturers, textile and garments factories Example: -wood working establishments -planning mills and sawmills -textile and fiber spinning mills -grain and cement silos -garment and undergarment factories

Ø

Ø

vMedium Industrial for repair garages and engine manufacturers Example: -repair garages and shops -factories for engines and turbines and attached testing facilities vMedium industrial for aircraft facilities Example: -Hangars -manufacturers and assembly plants of aircraft engines -Repairs and testing shops for aircraft engines and parts

Ø

CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES 1. ACCORDING TO RESOURCE •Resource-Oriented Industries. These are characterized by the large proportion of raw materials value to total production value. They are located in areas where resources are available, thus minimizing added cost to the transportation of raw materials. •Market-Oriented Industries. These include processing which usually adds bulk and weight to the products. Hence, Ø distribution costs and other related problems are minimized if they are located near marketing centers. •Footloose Industries. These industries are second-stage users where processing cost of materials count more than transfer costs. Thus, they are located where their linkages are greatest.

2. ACCORDING TO CAPITALIZATION Cottage Industry. An activity with total assets not exceeding P500,000. Small Scale Industries. Total assets should be P500,000 to P5,000,000.

Ø Scale Industries. Total assets should be Medium P5,000,000 to P20,000,000. Large Scale Industries. Total assets should be over P20 million.

3. ACCORDING TO HAZARD/RISKS Hazardous Industries. These are fire and health hazards. Non-hazardous industries discharge negligible amounts of combustible or toxic wastes. Pollutant Industries. These industries discharge large amounts of air, water or solid pollutants. Pollutant industries emitØlittle or negligible amounts of these pollutants. Light. Non-pollutive / non-hazardous; non-pollutive/ hazardous Medium. Pollutive / non-hazardous; pollutive/ hazardous Heavy. Highly pollutive / non-hazardous; highly pollutive / hazardous; highly pollutive/ extremely hazardous

4. ACCORDING TO EMPLOYMENT SIZE Cottage Industries. less than 10 workers.

Industries with an employment of

Small Scale Industries. Industries with 10 to 99 employees.

Ø Scale Industries. Industries with 100 to 199 Medium employees. Large Scale Industries. employees

Industries with 200 or more

INDUSTRIAL PLANNING SITE CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES

SITE PLANNING CONSIDERATION ØSITE CRITERIA - Shall be located in areas classified as based on site inspection guidelines issued by the commission

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA - PHYSICAL - UTILITIES - ECONOMIC - LOCAL LIVING FACILITIES - LEGAL ASPECT - LOCAL EDUCATION - SOURCEOF MATERIALS - ACCESSIBILITY - CLIMATE - POPULATION GROWTH - LAND TOPOGRAPHY - SOIL CONDITION - SOURCE OF MATERIALS

ØLAND ALLOCATION - Allocation of land shall be based on the needs of prospective clients or tenants and the provision of minimum facilities/utilities

ØLAND REGULATION - Type and mixture of industrial activities to be undertaken including the bulk and height of the building to be establish in the site -The regulation would be in conformity with the existing zoning regulations and other pertinent laws

INDUSTRIAL SITE DESIGN STANDARDS ØPLOTS -Minimum plot size shall be 500 square meters -The length and width of plot shall be adequate to provide off-street service and parking facilities - For Regular shaped plots, the plot frontage shall not be less than half the depth of the plot - For Irregular Shaped plots, the minimum plot frontage shall be 10 meters and the depth shall not be more than thrice - All plots shall front of the street - If the plots contains an existing or proposed across highway, expressway or railroads, plots shall not front such transportation lines unless provided with a service road

ØBLOCKS - The length of the blocks shall not exceed 500 meters -Each blocks shall be design to provide adequate spaces for buildings and accessories; convenient but economical access utility run and proper circulation

ØSETBACKS - Minimum setbacks requirements and setbacks of the building from the property lines shall be in accordance with the National Building Code and the local zoning ordinance .

ØEASEMENT It shall be subject for public use as stipulated in the implementing rules and regulations of water code. - 3 METERS SETBACKS FOR URBAN USERS - 20 METERS EASEMENTS FOR ALL AGRICULTURAL USES - 40 METERS EASEMENTS FOR ALL FOREST USERS

ØBUFFERS -Buffers strips of at least 10 meters wide along the entire stretch of the subdivision where its abuts conflicting uses shall be maintained -Such buffer strips may be in form of a perimeter road, parking area or preferably strip to planted trees.

ØROADS It shall be follow the hierarchal systems and shall be classified as main, secondary and service, all of which shall be concrete pavements -Main road shall have a minimum right-of-way of 20 meters, a 14 meters carriage way, 2 meters sidewalk and 1 meter planting strip both sides -Secondary road shall have a minimum right-ofway of 17 meters, a 12 meters carriage way, 1.5 meters sidewalk and 1 meter planting strip both sides.

- Service road shall have a minimum right-of-way, a 7 meters carriage way, 1.5 meters sidewalk and 1 meter planting strip both sides.

ØPATHWAYS The separation of pedestrian and vehicular traffic shall be encourage. -Pathways shall have a minimum width of 4 meters and shall paved to connect to the road network, factory buildings and facilities within the subdivisions. -

ØENTRANCE AND EXITS POINTS - It shall be strategically for security and emergency consideration

ØPARKING,LOADING & UNLOADING AREAS -Land shall be allocated for off-street loading and unloading. Loading and Unloading bays shall be located as to cause minimum traffic obstruction on the road

-

ØPHYSICAL DESIGN GUIDELINES 1. For parking in front and one side of the building, provide 12.00 to 15.00 m for the delivery and parking stalls. 2. If parking is allowed both sides of the driveway, provide 18.00 to 20.00 m space 3. Warehousing operation can be successful with 26 meters of truck docking and maneuvering depths 4. For parking and landscaping of one aisle and parking stall on either side,23.0 meters will be sufficient 5. The ratio of parking spaces required for building is proportional to the number of employees commuting habits 7. Building coverage above 50% can be allotted for warehouses while offices and light manufacturing with ample parking space requires 30% of building area coverage.

-

ØSERVICES/UTILITIES

Ø WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM - Itshall be connected to an approved public or community water supply system provided such connection would not be prejudicial to the needs of the locality. - If the pressure of delivery is insufficient to allow distribution, the owner shall develop additional source of water supply in accordance with the rules and regulations of the local utilities company - The water requirements shall depend on the type and number of industries as well as on the number of workers/population - The owner shall provide water for industrial use equal to a minimum of 85 cubic meters per day per hectare and 75 liters per capita per day for domestic consumption -

- When connection to public water supply system is not possible or inadequate, a centralized water supply system shall be provided. - For the site using pumps, the pump capacity and the number of deepwell pumps should be adequate relative to the water requirements

STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM -The site shall connect to the existing drainage line

or water body. - In the absence of drainage system, the owner shall provide a drainfield within the site

-

WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 1.INDUSTRIAL WASTES Disposal of industrial waste shall be governed by pertinent rules and regulations of NPCC and MOH

2. SEWAGE DISPOSAL It shall connect to an approved public sewerage system. Where a public sewerage system is not available, the owner shall provide its own system subject to the requirements which NPCC and MOH shall prescribed

3. SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL The owner shall establish linkage with the local government for the inclusion of the subdivision in the municipal waste disposal system or shall adopt its own system subject to pertinent rules and regulation of local

POWER SUPPLY AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM A power supply system shall be put up by the owner , ensuring the availability to each lot, in accordance with the requirements of the local utility company in the area.

FACILITIES AND AMENITIES - The owner shall allocate spaces for facilities necessary for the well being of the workers, the area of which shall be based either on the subdivision scale or area or on the projected number of the employees. - Project with a minimum of 20 plots shall allocate an area equivalent of a 1% of gross area for administration. The vacant portion shall be reserve for emergency use and other amenities -

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES -

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES ØThe consultant must be well informed of the kind of products to be manufactured, the volume produced, and other information relative to the production and manner of processing. Ø ØManagement considers the need on a long range plan, not just for immediate needs only. The entire plant site are laid out for at least 20 to 25 years duration with the particular building structures built to serve only the needs for the next five years.

ØAfter the selection of the site, the initial breakdown of area allocation for buildings include: Ø 1.ADMINISTRATION OFFICES -It pertains to the management of the building 2.EMPLOYEES FACILITIES -It pertains to the workers amenities and should be near the working space for accessibility. 3.RESEARCH AND CONTROL -It pertains to the development of the facilities 4.MANUFACTURING -It pertains to production and processing 5.WAREHOUSING -It pertains to the storage handling of materials and product

Ø

5. INTERNAL ENGINEERING -adequate spaces for mechanical and electrical installations are the primary consideration in industrial design. 6. EXTERNAL ENGINEERING -It refers to all outside utilities and storage facilities needed for a plant to operate efficiently. It includes the following: -parking space -truck docks -tank farms -sewage disposal plant -electrical transformer -pumping station -water storage facilities Ø

PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING ØA plant can be designed under two different concepts depending upon the kinds and number of products 1. production layout could be linear 2.processing layout is parallel.

PLANNING CRITERIA FOR PRODUCTION EVALUATION 1.Easy and smooth flow of materials 2.Flexible to rearrangement 3.Room for expansions 4.Easy movements of personnel 5.Ease of supervision 6.Minimum initial investment.

Ø

PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING LAYOUT

Ø

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN CONSIDERATION S INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: 1.GENERAL /SPECIAL PURPOSE BUILDING

-less initial cost and can be sold later for profit -frequently changing products, materials, machinery and equipments process - fast of getting the layout into production

2.SINGLE OR MULTI-STORY CONSTRUCTION floor

-when products are large and heavy -when weight of equipment impose greater load on -large items that requires unobstructed space -lower cost of land -land is available for expansions - construction time is limited - frequent changes in layout are anticipated

3.SHAPE OF BUILDING Building Shape is governed by the following conditions: 1. when changes in design production is frequent 2. when the process in improvement is frequent 3.when layout rearrangement is frequent 4. when restrictions on materials is desired

4. TYPES OF WINDOWS Factors where windows may affect the layout 1.brightness or glare 2.orientation of the sun 3.effects of sunlight to personnel or materials 4.windows not resistant to wind, shock, fire, acids & rust 5. access fro repair, washing and cleaning

Ø

5.KINDS OF FLOOR Floor characteristics desired in a factory are the ff: 1. have the same level for various buildings 2. strong enough to sustain machineries and equipment 3.made from inexpensive materials 4. not slippery under any condition 5.noiseless, sound absorbing 6.not affected by temperature change and humidity 7.odorless, sanitary and easily cleaned 8. will dissipate static electricity and is nonsparkling when struck

6.WALLS AND COLUMNS The type and conditions of the roof is related to natural light, heat condition, and dust accumulation. Thre are plants that suspend materials handling equipment, service pipe or wiring. Roof structural design therefore, must anticipate either condition.

7.TYPES OF ROOF AND CELING The type and conditions of the roof is related to natural light, heat condition, and dust accumulation. There are plants that suspend materials handling equipment, service pipe or wiring. Roof structural design thereforee, must anticipate either condition.

GENERALLY RECOMMENDED CEILING HEIGHTS TYPES OF PRODUCTION

WITHOUT OVERHEAD INSTALLATION*

WITH OVERHEAD INSTALLATION**

Small product assembly on benches, offices

3.00 to 5.50 m

3.00 to 5.00 m

Large product assembly Floor or floor fixtures

Max.height of product +75%

Max.height of product +125%

Small product forming

Height of Machine +100%

Height of Machine +150%

Height of Machine + 125%

Height of Machine + 125%

Large product forming

*other than lighting and springkler **air ducts, unit heater, conveyors etc.

..the end