Indian Independence Movement

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Hindu reformers and Indian nationalism

History Since independence Religions Caste System Languages Politics

Swami Vivekananda and the Ramakrishna Movement The Ramakrishna movement was established by Swami Vivekananda, who was a disciple of a Hindu saint Ramakrishna. The success of Swami Vivekananda began when he represented Hinduism at an international religion congress, which was held in 1893 in Chicago, USA. Vivekananda demonstrated India as a tolerant society, which allows different sects to live together under one roof of Hinduism and as a society, which also accepted in it people of other religions. He claimed that all religions eventually prayed to the same one God and the goal of all religions is the same, to reach God. He began his speech by referring to other delegates as ‘brothers and sisters’ and so proving his point that all the human race was one big family. His messages about humanity attracted many people of European culture and many claim that he started the European phenomenon of cults with Indian gurus. After his success in America he returned to India and established the

Ramakrishna movement with an aim to preserve the Indian culture. This movement considered the Indian culture as the most humanistic and spiritual culture in the world. This movement succeeded in establishing pride in Indian people about their culture which, they didn’t had before. His philosophy affected many nationalist leaders and they interpreted his philosophy so that it could be adjusted to Indian nationalism. For example the Ramakrishna movement believed in the existence of Supreme Being but Swami Vivekananda did not reject idolatry and claimed that the different idols were different ways to reach the same Supreme Being. This was interpreted to connect Goddess Earth (Mother India) and Goddess Kali whom many worshipped in Bengal. The message was sacrificing oneself for Mother India was like sacrificing for Kali. Some of Swami Vivekananda’s preachings were interpreted also by the British as hints to act against the British. For example Vivekananda preached that the path to realize God was not only worshipping idols in spiritual way but also through intellectual and physical action. The British thought that by saying physical action, Vivekananda meant terrorist actions against them.

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Portal:Indian independence movement From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search

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Indian Independence Movement Portal Shortcut: WP:PIIM

The Indian independence struggle incorporated the efforts by Indians to liberate the region from British rule and form the nation-state of India. It involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and rebellions between 1857 and India's emergence as a unified nation-state on August 15,1947. The initial Indian Rebellion of 1857 was sparked when soldiers serving in the British East India Company's British Army mutinied and Indian kingdoms rebelled against the British. After the revolt was crushed, the British partitioned the region into British India and the Princely States. They tried to develop a class of educated elites, whose political organizing sought Indian political rights and representation. However, increasing public disenchantment with the British authority — their curtailing of Indian civil liberties (such as the Rowlatt Act), political rights, and culture as well as their avoidance of basic issues facing common Indians and an essential nonacceptance of foreign occupation — led to an upsurge in Revolutionary movement for Indian independence aimed at overthrowing the European colonial powers, particularly the British.

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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચદ ં ગાધ ં ી, Hindi: मोहनदास करमचंद गांधी, IAST: mohandās karamcand gāndhī, IPA: [moːhənd̪aːs kərəmtʃənd̪ gaːnd̪ʱiː]) (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948) was a major political and spiritual leader of the Indian Independence Movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraha — resistance through mass civil disobedience strongly founded upon ahimsa (non-violence) becoming one of the strongest philosophies of freedom struggles worldwide. Gandhi is commonly known and spoken of worldwide as Mahatma Gandhi (Hindi: महातमा, məhatma ; from Sanskrit, mahātmā: Great Soul) and is fondly called Bapu (in Gujarati, Father). Leading the Indian National Congress, Gandhi worked for the alleviation of poverty, the liberation of women, brotherhood, an end to untouchability and caste discrimination and for the economic self-sufficiency of the nation. However, Gandhi's work focused upon the goal of Swaraj — self-rule for India. Gandhi famously led Indians in the disobedience to the salt tax through the 400 kilometer (248 miles) Dandi March, and in an open call for the British to Quit India in 1942. (more...) More Selected Articles Nominate an article edit

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Indian freedom fighter Bhagat Singh, at the age of 21 in jail edit

Categories [−] Indian independence movement [+] Indian independence activists [+] Ghadar Party [+] Hindu-German Conspiracy [+] Literature of Indian independence movement [+] Indian Independence League [+] Indian National Army [+] Indian National Congress [+] Indian Rebellion of 1857 [+] Indian revolutionaries [+] Partition of India [+] Presidents of the Indian National Congress [+] Quit India Movement [+] Revolutionary movement for Indian independence edit

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...that the Indian National Congress, led by Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, issued the Declaration of Independence on January 26, 1930? ...that Ceylon was part of the Madras Presidency from 1795 until it was made a separate Crown Colony in 1798? ...that Subhash Chandra Bose was elected president of the Indian National Congress for two consecutive terms? ...that Sir Narayan Ganesh Chandavarkar was regarded as the "leading Hindu reformer of western India"? edit

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The Indian Rebellion of 1857, (Hindi: १८५७ का पथम भारतीय सवतनतता सनगाम) also known as the First War of Indian Independence, the Sepoy Rebellion and

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the Indian Mutiny was a prolonged period of armed uprisings in different parts of India against British occupation of that part of the subcontinent. Hindu-German Conspiracy- the name given to the plans made by Indian revolutionaries to start a nationalist mutiny in India with the assistance of the Central powers. The term covers the Annie Larsen plot in the United States, 1915 Ghadar Conspiracy in India and the mutiny at Singapore, the 1915 Christmas Day plot under Bagha Jatin, the Indo-German efforts in Afghanistan, as well as lesser known efforts by Indian revolutionary network in Europe and Mesopotamia. Non-Cooperation Movement:- the first-ever series of nationwide people's movements of nonviolent resistance, led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. The Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan or the August Movement):a civil disobedience movement in India launched in August 1942 in response to Mahatma Gandhi's call for immediate independence of India. edit

Topics related to Indian independence movement Colonisation - British East India Company - Plassey - Buxar - British India French India - Portuguese India - More... Indian nationalism - Swaraj - Gandhism - Satyagraha - Hindu nationalism Philosophies: Indian Muslim nationalism - Swadeshi - Socialism Rebellion of 1857 - Partition of Bengal - Revolutionaries - Champaran and Kheda - Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - Non-Cooperation - Flag Satyagraha Events and Bardoli - 1928 Protests - Nehru Report - Purna Swaraj - Salt Satyagraha - Act movements: of 1935 - Legion Freies Indien - Cripps' mission - Quit India - Indian National Army - Bombay Mutiny Indian National Congress - Ghadar - Home Rule - Khudai Khidmatgar - Swaraj Organisations: Party - Anushilan Samiti - Azad Hind - More... Mangal Pandey - Rani of Jhansi - Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Gopal Krishna Gokhale - Lala Lajpat Rai - Bipin Chandra Pal - Mahatma Gandhi - Sardar Indian leaders: Patel - Subhash Chandra Bose - Badshah Khan - Jawaharlal Nehru - Maulana Azad - Chandrasekhar Azad - Rajaji - Bhagat Singh - Sarojini Naidu Purushottam Das Tandon - Tanguturi Prakasam - Alluri Sitaramaraju - More... Robert Clive - James Outram - Dalhousie - Irwin - Linlithgow - Wavell British Raj: Stafford Cripps - Mountbatten - More... Cabinet Mission - Indian Independence Act - Partition of India - Political Independence: integration - Constitution - Republic of India History:

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