Index For The Patterns Of English Spelling Volume 5

The Patterns of English Spelling on the A Pages with their Word Families Put in Sentence Context on the B Pages Volume 5 The -R & W- Controlled Clans such as:

__-r

__-r_

w-__

w-__

w-_-r

w-_-r_

car for

card ford

wan won

wand wolf

war worth

ward word

& Miscellaneous Relatives By Don McCabe Contents of The Basic Patterns of English Spelling by Volumes Volume Number TYPES OF WORDS 1 2

Short Vowels: CVC Short Vowels: CVCC

EXAMPLES

PAGES

dad band

get went

tin itch

101A-160B 201A-282B

3

Long Vowels: CV & CVCe go

nice

tube

301A-380B

4

Long Vowels: CVVC

raid

seem

roam

401A-442B

5

-R & W- controls

tar/war

for/word

wad/ward

501A-534B

Basic Suffixes The Ending Y's Power Suffixes Advanced Patterns Prefixes/Suffixes/Roots

batter destiny precious techniques psychology

battle simplify partially chauvinist photographic

dreadful trickiest permission fiancée synthesizer

601A-691B 701A-764B 801A-880B 901A-962B 1001A-1074B

6 7 8 9 10

Copyright © 2008 AVKO Educational Research Foundation 3084 Willard Road Birch Run, Michigan 448415 Phone: (810) 686-9283 FAX: (810) 686-1101

1

Table of Contents for Volume V Arranged by Vowel Letters Ending Consonant Vowel

Ending Consonant Vowel Example Page

------------------------b b b b ce ce ce ce ce ch ch ch

a a-e ai e e-e e-e ea ea ee ei i i-e ia ie o o-e oa oo oo oo-e ou ou owe u a e o u a a e ie o a e ea

car care chair her here there bear near beer heir sir fire liar pier for more soar door poor Moore sour tour power fur barb herb absorb curb farce scarce commerce pierce force march perch search

501 523 530 511 524 524 530 531 531 530 514 525 532 531 516 526 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 520 505 511 516 520 509 523 512 534 518 505 511 533

Ending Consonant Vowel Example Page

ch ch d d d d d d d d d de f f f g g ge ge ge ge k k k k k l l l l m m m m n n n

o u a a e ea ea i o oa u o a e u e u a i o u a e i o u a ea i u a e i o a e ea

porch church card standard herd beard heard bird ford board curd horde scarf serf turf berg burg large dirge forge urge park jerk shirk fork lurk Carl pearl girl curl farm germ firm form yarn modern learn

2

516 520 505 506-7 511 533 533 514 516 533 520 516 507 512 520 512 520 507 514 517 521 507 512 514 517 521 508 533 514 521 508 512 515 517 508 512 533

Example Page n n p p p pe ps pse se se se se se se se sh st st st t t t t t t

o u a i u o o o a e ea o oa ou u a ea i u a e i o ou u

corn turn sharp chirp burp Thorpe corps corpse sparse verse hearse horse coarse course nurse harsh Hearst first burst part expert dirt sport court hurt

517 521 508 515 521 517 518 518 509 512 534 518 534 534 522 509 534 515 522 510 513 515 519 534 522

th th th th th ve ve ve

e ea i o ou a e u

berth earth birth north fourth carve serve curve

513 533 515 519 534 509 513 522

ww-r w-r

a a o

wan wand war ward word work

504 502 503

Table of Contents for Volume V Arranged by Vowel Letters Vowel Ending Consonant Example Page

Vowel Ending Consonant

a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a-e ai e e e e e e e e e e e e e o

e e-e e-e ea ea ea ea ea ea ea ea ea ea ee ei i i i i i i i i i i i-e ia ie ie o o o o o o o u

-b ce ce ch d d f ge k l m n p se sh t th ve ww-r ---b ce ch d f g k m n se t th k

car barb farce scarce march card standard scarf large park Carl farm yarn sharp sparse harsh part arthritis carve wan wand war ward care chair her herb commerce perch herd serf berg jerk germ modern verse expert berth fork

501 505 509 523 505 505 506-7 507 507 507 508 508 509 509 509 509 510 510 509 504 502 523 530 511 511 512 511 511 512 512 512 512 512 512 513 513 517

Vowel Ending Consonant Example Page

ve ----ch d d l n se st th ---d ge k l m p st t th ---ce -b ce ch d de ge ve

serve here there bear near search beard heard pearl learn hearse Hearst earth beer heir sir bird dirge shirk girl firm chirp first dirt birth fire liar pier pierce for absorb force porch ford horde forge curve

3

513 524 524 530 531 533 533 533 533 533 534 534 533 531 530 514 514 514 514 514 515 515 515 515 515 525 532 531 534 516 516 518 516 516 516 517 522

Example Page o o o o o o o o o o-e oa oa oa oo oo oo-e ou ou ou ou ou owe u u u u u u u u u u u u u u

m n pe ps pse se t th w-r --d se -----se t th --b ch d f g ge k l n p se st t

form corn Thorpe corps corpse horse sport north word work more soar board coarse door poor Moore sour tour course court fourth power fur curb church curd turf burg urge lurk curl turn burp nurse burst hurt

517 517 517 518 518 518 519 519 503 526 532 533 534 532 532 532 532 532 534 534 534 532 520 520 520 520 520 520 521 521 521 521 521 522 522 522

Table of Contents for Volume V Arranged by Vowel Sounds Vowel Ending Consonant Example Page

Vowel Ending Consonant

LONG A a a-e ai e-e ea ei

ce ------

scarce care chair there bear heir

523 523 530 524 530 530

LONG E e-e ea ea ee ie ie

--d --ce

here near beard beer pier pierce

524 531 533 531 531 534

---

fire liar

525 532

LONG O a o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o-e oa oa oa oo ou ou ou

w-r -b ce ch d de ge k m n pe ps pse se t th --d se -se t th

war ward for absorb force porch ford horde forge fork form corn Thorpe corps corpse horse sport north sore soar board coarse door course court fourth

502 516 516 518 516 516 516 517 517 517 517 517 518 518 518 519 519 526 532 533 534 532 534 534 534

-----

Example Page

Example

LONG OO

Short u (schwa)

poor Moore tour cure

532 532 532 527-9

LONG "OW" ou owe

LONG I i-e ia

oo oo-e ou u-e

Vowel Ending Consonant

---

sour power

532 532

SHORT O (say "AH") a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a

-b ce ch d f ge k l m n p se sh t th ve wa

car barb farce march card scarf large park Carl farm yarn sharp sparse harsh part arthritis carve wan wand

4

501 505 509 505 505 507 507 507 508 508 508 508 509 509 510 510 509 504

Page

a e e e e e e e e e e e e e e ea ea ea ea ea ea ea i i i i i i i i i i o o ou u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u

d -b ce ch d f g k m n se t th ve ch d l n se st th -d ge k l m p st t th w-r ---b ch d f g ge k l n p se st t ve

standard her herb commerce perch herd serf berg jerk germ modern verse expert berth serve search heard pearl learn hearse Hearst earth sir bird dirge shirk girl firm chirp first dirt birth word work color doctor colour fur curb church curd turf burg urge lurk curl turn burp nurse burst hurt curve

506-7 511 511 512 511 511 512 512 512 512 512 512 513 513 513 533 533 533 533 534 534 533 514 514 514 514 514 515 515 515 515 515 503 675-81 682 520 520 520 520 520 520 521 521 521 521 521 521 522 522 522

Almost Alphabetical Index of Single Syllable -R & W- Controlled Words air 59% (heir)...........530 arc ...........................507 arch 13% .................505 are 77%...................523 aren’t 12% ...............523 arf ............................507 ark ...........................507 arm 48%..................508 arms 44% ................508 army 26% ................754 arse .........................509 art 40% (Art)............510 Art (art) ....................510 bar ...........................501 barb .........................505 bard (barred) ...........505 bare 10% (bear) ......523 barf ..........................507 barge .......................507 bark 39% .................507 barn 51%.................508 barred (bard) ...........501 Bart .........................510 beard 21%...............533 beer (bier)................531 berg (burg) ..............512 Bert (Burt)................513 berth (birth)..............513 birch ........................514 bird 66% ..................514 birds 52% ................514 birth 16% .................515 blare ........................523 blur ..........................520 blurb ........................520 blurt .........................522 boar (bore) ..............532 board 9% (bored) 516/533 boor .........................532 bore 13% (boar) ......526 bored (4%) ..............526 born 35% (borne) ....517 borne (born) ............517 burg (berg) ..............520 burn 11%.................521 burned 11%.............521 burning 18% ............521 burnt 14%................521 burp .........................521 burr..........................520 burst 6% ..................522 Burt .........................522 car 92% ...................501 cars 81% .................501 card 51% .................505 cards 38% ...............505 care 41% .................523 cares 22% ...............523 cared 14% ...............523 careful 10% .............630 carefully 4%.............749 careless 7% ..........1066 Carl (Karl)................508

carp......................... 508 cart 40% ................. 510 carve....................... 509 chair 38%................ 530 chairs 23%.............. 530 char......................... 501 chard (charred) ....... 505 charge 11% ............ 507 charges 9%............. 507 charged 9% ............ 507 charging 10%.......... 507 charm 24% ............. 508 charming 11%......... 508 charred (chard) ....... 501 chart 22% ............... 510 cheer 27% .............. 531 cheering 11%.......... 531 cheerful 9%............. 630 chirp........................ 515 chord (cord, cored) . 516 chore....................... 526 chores 7%............... 526 church 18%............. 520 churches 5%........... 520 churn....................... 521 clear 19%................ 531 cleared 9%.............. 531 clearing 19%........... 531 clearly 7% ............... 531 clerk 12%................ 512 clerks 6% ................ 512 coarse 4% (course) 518 cord 20% ................ 516 core......................... 526 cork......................... 517 corn 48% ................ 517 corpse..................... 518 course 9% (coarse) 518 court 5% ................. 534 courts 6%................ 534 cur........................... 520 curb......................... 520 curd (Kurd).............. 520 cure 8% .................. 527 curl 12%.................. 521 curse....................... 522 curst........................ 522 curt.......................... 522 curve 18%............... 522 czar (tsar) ............... 501 dare 11% ................ 523 dark 36% ................ 507 darn ........................ 508 dart 24% ................. 510 dear 66% (deer)...... 531 dearest 18% ........... 531 dearth ..................... 533 deer 44% (dear)...... 531 dire.......................... 525 dirge........................ 514 dirt 17% .................. 515 dirty 13%................. 755 door 64% ................ 532

doors 58% ...............532 during 15% ..............527 dwarf .......................502 ear 50%...................531 ears 45% .................531 earl (Earl) ................533 early 22% ................760 earlier 7% ................760 earliest 2% ..............760 earn 13% (urn) ........533 earned 3%...............533 earth 21%................533 err............................524 fair (fare)..................530 fairly 17% ................530 far 64%....................501 farther 18%..............646 farce ........................509 fare 15% (fair) .........523 farm 44%.................508 farms 41% ...............508 farming 36% ............508 farmer 34%..............508 farmers 28%............508 farmer’s 17% ...........508 fear 38%..................531 fears 19% ................531 fearful 9% ................631 fern ..........................512 fierce 2% .................534 fir (fur)......................514 fire 52% ...................525 fires 36% .................525 firm 9% ....................515 firmly 3% .................515 first 32% ..................515 flare (flair) ................523 flirt ...........................515 floor 31% .................532 floors 19% ...............532 flour 14% (flower) ....532 flower 35% (flour) ....532 flowers 38%.............532 for 78% (four, fore) ..516 force 9% ..................518 forced 2% ................518 ford 52%..................516 fore (for, four) ..........526 forge ........................517 fork 36% ..................517 form 36%.................517 forms 16% ...............517 fort 24%...................519 forth 23% (fourth) ....519 four 42%..................532 fourth 17% (forth) ....532 fur 35%....................520 furs 18% ..................520 furl ...........................521 garb .........................505 Garth .......................510 gear .........................531 George (Jorge)........517

germ........................ 512 girl 64%................... 514 girls 52% ................. 514 girl’s 17% ................ 514 girls’ 18% ................ 514 girth......................... 515 glare........................ 523 glower ..................... 532 gore......................... 526 gored (gourd) .......... 526 gorge....................... 517 Guam ...................... 504 guard 4% ................ 505 hair 40%.................. 530 hairs 26%................ 530 hard 50% ................ 505 harder 27% ............. 655 hardest 12%............ 655 hare (hair) ............... 523 hark......................... 507 harm 40% ............... 508 harp......................... 508 harsh....................... 509 hart (heart) .............. 510 hear 57% (here)...... 531 hearing 24%............ 531 heard 15% (herd).... 533 hearse..................... 534 Hearst ..................... 534 heart 8% (hart)........ 510 hearts 7% (harts) .... 510 hearty 3%................ 755 heartily 1% .............. 715 her 79% .................. 511 hers 45%................. 511 herb (Herb) ............. 511 Herb (herb) ............. 511 herd 19% (heard).... 511 here 58% ................ 524 here’s 17%.............. 524 hire 14% (higher) .... 525 hired 11%................ 525 hoard....................... 533 hoard (horde) .......... 516 hoarse (horse) ........ 518 horde (hoard) .......... 516 horn 33% ................ 517 horns 34%............... 517 horse 37% (hoarse) 518 horses 29%............. 518 hour 25% (our/are).. 532 hours 24% (ours) .... 532 hurl.......................... 521 hurt 21% ................. 522 ire............................ 525 irk ............................ 514 jar 40....................... 501 jars 22 ..................... 501 jeer.......................... 531 jerk .......................... 512 Jorge (George) ....... 517 Juan ........................ 504 Karl (Carl) ............... 508

Kirk ..........................514 Kurd (curd) ..............520 lair ...........................530 lard 29% ..................505 large 21% ................507 larger 24%...............507 largest 12% .............507 largely 5% ...............747 lark 21% ..................507 learn 18% ................533 learned 6% ..............533 learning 6% .............533 leer (Lear)................531 liar (lyre) ..................532 lord 39% (Lord) .......516 lore ..........................526 lurch ........................520 lure ..........................527 lurk ..........................521 lyre (liar) ..................525 mar 46%..................501 March 31% (march).505 march 38% (March).505 marched 12% ..........505 mare (mayor)...........523 Marge ......................507 mark 33% ................507 marks 29% ..............507 marked 17% ............507 marl .........................508 marsh ......................509 mart .........................510 mere 9%..................524 merge ......................512 mire .........................525 mirth ........................515 moor ........................532 more 58% (Moore) ..526 Mork ........................517 morn (mourn) ..........517 morning 50% ...........517 Mort .........................519 mourn (morn) ..........517 mourn (morn) ..........534 narc .........................507 near 43%.................531 nearer 17%..............531 nearest 9% ..............531 nerd .........................511 nerve 10% ...............513 nerves 7% ...............513 nervous 1% .............513 nor 29%...................516 Norse.......................518 north 37%................519 northern 5%.............512 nurse 10% ...............522 oar (or, ore) .............532 or 70%.....................516 orb ...........................516 ore (or) ....................526 Ork ..........................517 our 59% (are/hour) ..532

The percentages next to words that have them represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

5

Almost Alphabetical Index of Single Syllable -R & W- Controlled Words ours 36% (hours).....532 pair 29% (pear, pare)530 pairs 20% ................530 par ...........................501 parch .......................505 pare (pear, pair) ......523 park 60% .................507 parks 38% ...............507 parse .......................509 part 54%..................510 parts 37% ................510 parted 19%..............510 partly 14% ...............510 pearl 2% (purl).........533 peer 4% (pier) .........531 per 22% (purr) .........511 perch .......................511 perk .........................512 perm ........................512 perp .........................513 pert ..........................513 pier 4% (peer) .........531 pierce ......................534 poor 39% (pore, pour) 532 porch 20% ...............516 pore (pour, poor) .....526 pork .........................517 port 32%..................519 pour 8% (pore, poor) ..532 power 19% ..............532 powers 13% ............532 powerful 9% ............631 pure 16%.................527 purely 7% ................747 purge .......................521 purl (pearl)...............521 purr..........................520 purse 3% .................522 pyre .........................525 quad ........................504 quark .......................507 quart 8%..................502 quarter 5%...............502 quarters 4%.............502 quartz (quarts).........510 quash ......................504 queer 11%...............531 quirk ........................514 rare 9%....................523 rarely 1% .................523 rear 24%..................531 roar 12%..................532 scar .........................501 scarce 2% ...............509 scarcely 3%.............523 scare 13% ...............523 scared 5% ...............523 scarf 9% ..................507 scorch .....................516

score 10%............... 526 scorn 11%............... 517 scour....................... 532 scourge................... 521 sear (seer) .............. 531 search 2%............... 533 seer (sear) .............. 531 serf (surf) ................ 512 serge (surge) .......... 512 serve 7%................. 513 served 3%............... 513 serving 12%............ 513 service 3% .............. 513 shard....................... 505 share 8% ................ 523 shark....................... 507 sharp 20% .............. 508 sharpen 9% ............ 876 shear (sheer) .......... 531 sheer 8% (shear) .... 531 shire........................ 525 shirk ........................ 514 shirt 15%................. 515 shirts 10%............... 515 shore....................... 526 shorn....................... 517 short 28% ............... 519 shortly 13%............. 519 shower 18%............ 532 sir 38%.................... 514 sire.......................... 525 skirt 7%................... 515 slur.......................... 520 slurp........................ 521 smart 25% .............. 510 smear...................... 531 smirch ..................... 514 smirk ....................... 514 Smurf ...................... 520 snare....................... 523 snark....................... 507 snarl........................ 508 sneer....................... 531 snore....................... 526 snort........................ 519 soar (sore) .............. 532 sore 25% (soar) ...... 526 sort 41% ................. 519 sorts 13%................ 519 sour......................... 532 source 1%............... 518 spar......................... 501 spare 8% ................ 523 spark 25%............... 507 sparse..................... 509 spear 23% .............. 531 spears 9%............... 531 sperm...................... 512 spire........................ 525

splurge ....................521 spore .......................526 sport 36% ................519 sports 17% ..............519 spur .........................520 spurn .......................521 spurt ........................522 squab ......................504 squad ......................504 square 3% ...............523 squash.....................504 squat .......................504 squire ......................525 squirt .......................515 stair 12% (stare)......530 stairs 19% (stares) ..530 star 44% ..................501 stars 47% ................501 starch ......................505 stare 16% (stair)......523 stark ........................507 start 36% .................510 starts 25% ...............510 started 30% .............510 starting 27% ............510 starve 8% ................509 steer 11% ................531 stern ........................512 stir 12% ...................514 store 49% ................526 stores 31% ..............526 stork ........................517 storm .......................517 suave.......................504 sure 27% .................528 surf (serf).................520 surge (serge)...........521 swab........................504 swamp.....................504 swan........................504 swap........................504 swarm......................502 Swart .......................510 swat.........................504 swatch .....................504 swath.......................504 swear 9% ................530 swirl .........................514 sword 6% (soared) ..516 swore.......................526 tar 54%....................501 tare (tear) ................523 tarp ..........................508 tart ...........................510 tear (tare) ................530 tear 17% (tier) .........531 tears 18% (tiers)......531 term 9%...................512

terms 8%................. 512 tern (turn) ................ 512 terse........................ 512 their 16% (they’re, there) 530 there 59% (they’re, their)524 there’ll ..................... 524 there’s 14%............. 524 they’re 4% (their, there) 523 third 26%................. 514 thirst ........................ 515 Thor ........................ 516 thorn........................ 517 Thorpe .................... 518 thwart ...................... 510 tier (tear) ................. 531 tire 31%(tyre) .......... 525 tires 15% (tyres)...... 525 tired 15%................. 525 torch........................ 516 tore 25% ................. 526 torn 29% ................. 517 tort........................... 519 tour 3% ................... 532 tower 19%............... 532 tsar (czar)................ 501 turf........................... 520 Turk......................... 521 turn 23% ................. 521 turns 15%................ 521 turned 21% ............. 521 turning 14%............. 521 twerp ....................... 515 twirl ......................... 514 twirp ........................ 515 urge 3% .................. 521 urn (earn) ................ 521 veer......................... 531 verb......................... 511 verge....................... 512 Vern ........................ 512 verse 5%................. 512 verses 5% (versus, vs.) 512 verve ....................... 513 wad ......................... 504 waft ......................... 504 wan ......................... 504 wand ....................... 504 want 61% ................ 504 wants 33% .............. 504 wanted 45% ............ 504 wanting 43% ........... 504 war 26%.................. 502 ward ........................ 502 ware (wear)............. 523 warm 41%............... 502 warmer 22%............ 502 warn 20% (worn)..... 502 warp ........................ 502 wart ......................... 502

wash 41%................504 washed 21%............504 washing 39%...........504 wasp........................504 watch 12%...............504 watched 5%.............504 watching 15%..........504 watt..........................504 wear (ware) .............530 weir..........................531 were 42% (we’re) ....524 weren’t 4% ..............524 we’re (were).............523 wharf .......................502 what 52% ................504 what’s 23%..............504 where 42% ..............524 where’ll ....................524 where’s ....................524 where’ve..................524 whir..........................514 whirl 4%...................514 wire 17% .................525 wires 5%..................525 wired 18% ...............525 word 31% ................503 words 34% ..............503 wore ........................526 work 60% ................503 works 49%...............503 worked 35% ............503 working 54%............503 worker 36% .............503 workers 26% ...........503 world........................503 worm 14% ...............503 worms 22% .............503 worn 28% (warn) .....517 worse 3% ................503 worst 4% .................503 worth 8% .................503 worthy 2%................744 yard 36% .................505 yards 23% ...............505 yarn .........................508 year 59% .................531 years 45% ...............531 year’s 14% ..............531 yearn .......................533 yore .........................526 York .........................517 you’re 6% (your) ......523 your 73% (you’re) ....532 yours 48% ...............532

The percentages next to words that have them represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

6

Almost Alphabetical Index of Single Syllable -R & W- Controlled Rimes AR ...........................501 bar barred (bard) car 92% cars 81% char charred (chard) czar (tsar) far 64% jar 40% jars 22% mar 46% par scar spar star 44% stars 47% tar 54% tsar (czar) -war- (-uar-) ............502 war 26% ward dwarf wharf warm 41% warmer 22% swarm warn 20% (worn) warp wart Swart Swartz thwart quart 8% quartz (quarts) quarter 5% quarters 4% wor- ........................503 word 31% words 34% work 60% worked 35% worker 36% workers 26% working 54% works 49% world 32% worm 14% worms 22% worse 3% worst 4% worth 8% wa-(ua-) ..................504 Guam Juan quad quash squab squad squash squat suave

swab swamp swan swap swat swatch swath wad waft wan wand want 61% wanted 45% wanting 43% wants 33% wash 41% washed 21% washing 39% wasp watch 12% watched 5% watching 15% watt what’s 23% what 52% arb .......................... 505 barb garb arch ........................ 505 arch 13% March 31% (march) march 38% (March) marched 12% parch starch ard .......................... 505 bard (barred) card 51% cards 38% chard (charred) guard 4% hard 50% lard 29% shard yard 36% yards 23% arc/ark ................... 507 arc (ark) narc ark (arc) bark 39% dark 36% hark lark 21% mark 33% marked 17% marks 29% park 60% parks 38% quark shark

snark spark 25% stark arf............................507 arf barf scarf 9% arge.........................507 barge charge 11% charged 9% charges 9% charging 10% large 21% larger 24% largest 12% Marge arl............................508 Carl (Karl) Karl (Carl) marl snarl arm..........................508 arm 48% arms 44% charm 24% charming 11% farm 44% farmer’s 17% farmer 34% farmers 28% farming 36% farms 41% harm 40% arn...........................508 barn 51% darn yarn arp...........................508 carp harp sharp 20% tarp arce (EHR-ss).........509 scarce 2% arce.........................509 farce arse.........................509 parse sparse arsh.........................509 harsh marsh arve.........................509 carve starve 8% art............................510 Art (art) art 40% (Art) Bart

cart 40% chart 22% dart 24% Garth hart (heart) heart 8% (hart) hearts 7% (harts) mart part 54% parted 19% partly 14% parts 37% smart 25% start 36% started 30% starting 27% starts 25% tart er ............................ 511 her 79% hers 45% per 22% (purr) erb .......................... 511 herb (Herb) Herb (herb) verb erch perch .............. 511 erd .......................... 511 herd 19% (heard) nerd erf serf (surf)........... 512 erg berg (burg) ....... 512 erge merge ............. 512 serge (surge) verge erk .......................... 512 clerk 12% clerks 6% jerk perk erm ......................... 512 germ perm sperm term 9% terms 8% fern northern 5% stern tern (turn) Vern erse ........................ 512 terse verse 5% verses 5% (versus, vs.) ert ........................... 513 Bert (Burt) pert erth berth (birth) ..... 513

erve .........................513 nerve 10% nerves 7% nervous 1% serve 7% served 3% service 3% serving 12% verve ir..............................514 fir (fur) sir 38% stir 12% whir irch..........................514 birch smirch ird............................514 bird 66% birds 52% third 26% irge dirge.................514 irk............................514 irk Kirk quirk shirk smirk irl.............................514 girl’s 17% girl 64% girls’ 18% girls 52% swirl twirl whirl 4% irth .........................515 birth 16% (berth) girth mirth irm...........................515 firm 9% firmly 3% irp............................515 chirp twirp irst...........................515 first 32% thirst irt.............................515 dirt 17% shirt 15% shirts 10% skirt 7% squirt or.............................516 for 78% (four, fore)

The percentages next to words represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

7

Almost Alphabetical Index of Single Syllable -R & W- Controlled Rimes nor 29% or 70% Thor orch ........................516 porch 20% scorch torch ord ..........................516 chord (cord, cored) cord 20% ford 52% lord 39% (Lord) sword 6% (soared) oard ........................516 board 9% (bored) hoard (horde) orde horde (hoard)..516 orge ........................517 forge George (Jorge) gorge Jorge (George) ork ..........................517 cork fork 36% Mork Ork pork stork York orm .........................517 form 36% forms 16% storm orn ..........................517 born 35% (borne) corn 48% horn 33% horns 34% morn (mourn) morning 50% scorn 11% shorn thorn torn 29% worn 28% (warn) oarse ......................518 coarse 4% (course) hoarse (horse) ourse ......................518 course 9% (coarse) orse ........................518 horse 37% (hoarse) horses 29% Norse orce ........................518 force 9% forced 2% source 1% orpse corpse ..........518

ort........................... 519 fort 24% Mort port 32% short 28% shortly 13% snort sort 41% sorts 13% sport 36% sports 17% tort orth......................... 519 forth 23% (fourth) north 37% ur ............................ 520 blur cur fur 35% furs 18% slur spur burr purr urb.......................... 520 blurb curb urb urch........................ 520 church 18% churches 5% lurch urd.......................... 520 curd (Kurd) Kurd (curd) urf........................... 520 Smurf surf (serf) turf urg burg (berg) ....... 520 urge........................ 521 purge scourge splurge surge (serge) urge 3% urk .......................... 521 lurk Turk url ........................... 521 curl 12% furl hurl purl (pearl) urn.......................... 521 urn (earn) burn 11% burned 11% burning 18% burnt 14% churn

spurn turn 23% turned 21% turning 14% turns 15% urp ..........................521 burp slurp urse.........................522 curse nurse 10% purse 3% urst .........................522 curst burst 6% urt ...........................522 blurt Burt curt hurt 21% spurt urve curve 18%.......522 are (“AH’r”) ............523 are 77% aren’t 12% they’re 4% (their, there) we’re (were) you’re 6% (your) are (“EHR”) ............523 bare 10% (bear) blare care 41% cares 22% cared 14% careful 10% careless 7% carefully 4% dare 11% fare 15% (fair) flare (flair) glare hare (hair) mare (mayor) pare (pear, pair) rare 9% rarely 1% scarcely 3% scare 13% scared 5% share 8% snare spare 8% square 3% stare 16% (stair) tare (tear) ware (wear) ere (“EE’r”).............524 here’s 17% .................... here 58%....................... mere 9% ere (“EHR”) ............524

there 59% (they’re, their) there’ll there’s 14% where 42% where’ll where’s where’ve ere (“UR”) .............. 524 were 42% (we’re) weren’t 4% ire .......................... 525 ire dire fire 52% fires 36% hire 14% (higher) hired 11% mire shire sire spire squire tire 31%(tyre) tired 15% tires 15% (tyres) wire 17% wired 18% wires 5% yre........................... 525 lyre (liar) pyre tyre (tire) ore .......................... 526 ore (or) bore 13% (boar) bored (4%) chore chores 7% core fore (for, four) gore gored (gourd) lore more 58% (Moore) pore (pour, poor) score 10% shore snore sore 25% (soar) spore store 49% stores 31% swore tore 25% wore yore ure .......................... 527 cure 8% during 15% lure pure 16% sure 27%

air............................530 air 59% (heir) chair 38% chairs 23% fair (fare) fairly 17% hair 40% hairs 26% lair pair 29% (pear, pare) pairs 20% (pears, pares) stair 12% (stare) stairs 19% (stares) ear (“EHR) ..............530 wear (ware) swear 9% tear (tare) eir (“EHR) ...............530 their 16% (they’re, there) eer...........................531 beer (bier) cheer 27% cheering 11% deer 44% (dear) jeer leer (Lear) peer 4% (pier) queer 11% seer (sear) sheer 8% (shear) sneer steer 11% veer ear...........................531 clear 19% cleared 9% clearing 19% clearly 7% dear 66% (deer) dearest 18% ear 50% ears 45% fear 38% fears 19% gear hear 57% (here) hearing 24% near 43% nearer 17% nearest 9% rear 24% sear (seer) shear (sheer) smear spear 23% spears 9% tear 17% (tier) tears 18% (tiers) year 59% years 45% year’s 14%

The percentages next to words represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

8

Almost Alphabetical Index of Single Syllable -R & W- Controlled Rimes ier............................531 bier pier 4% (peer) tier (tear) iar liar (lyre).............532 oar ..........................532 boar (bore) oar (or, ore) roar 12% soar (sore) our (“OH’r) ..............532 four 42% fourth 17% (forth) pour 8% (pore, poor)

your 73% (you’re) yours 48% oor (“OH’r”)............. 532 door 64% doors 58% floor 31% floors 19% oor.......................... 532 boor moor poor 39% (pore, pour) our (“OO’r”)............. 532 tour 3% pour (poor)

our (“OW!’r”)............532 flour 14% (flower) hour 25% (our/are) hours 24% (ours) our 59% (are/hour) ours 36% (hours) scour sour ower (“OW!’r”).........532 flower 35% (flour) flowers 38% glower power 19% powers 13% shower 18%

tower 19% earch (“UR-ch”) ...... 533 search 2% eard (“EE’rd”).......... 533 beard 21% eard (“UR’d”) .......... 533 heard 15% (herd) earth (“UR’th”) ........ 533 earth 21% dearth earn (“UR’n”) .......... 533 earn 13% (urn) earned 3% yearn

learn 18% learned 6% learning 6% earl..........................533 earl (Earl) pearl 2% (purl) ourt .........................534 court 5% courts 6% ierce........................534 fierce 2% pierce

A few more examples of -r, w- & w- r controlled single syllable based words with a simple suffix added. care 41% .................523 careless 7% ..........1066 careful 10% .............630 carefully 4%.............749 cheer 27% ...............531 cheerful 9% .............630 fear 38%..................531 fearful 9% ................631

power 19%.............. 532 powerful 9%............ 631 far 64% ................... 501 farther 18% ............. 646 hard 50% ................ 505 harder 27% ............. 655 hardest 12% ........... 655

heart 8%..................510 hearty 3% ................755 heartily 1% ..............715 worth 8% .................503 worthy 2% ...............744 large 21% ................507 largely 5% ...............747

pure 16% ................ 527 purely 7%................ 747 arms 44%................ 508 army 26%................ 754

early 22% ................760 earlier 7% ................760 earliest 2% ..............760 sharp 20% ...............508 sharpen 9% .............876

dirt 17%................... 515 dirty 13%................. 755

A Few Observations The following are the only -r controlled words that over two thirds of 3rd graders can correctly spell: Note that not a single w- controlled word or w-r controlled word made the list. Nor did any -r controlled word that began with either a consonant blend or consonant digraph. Only one plural form made the list. Surely, if phonics is being taught correctly and intensively in the first two grades, you would expect more than 5 words out more than 600 single syllable mostly phonically regular words to be correctly spelled.. Something must be radically wrong with our teaching of reading and spelling in the first two grades! car (92%)

cars 81%

for (78%)

are (77%)

your (73%)

The percentages next to words represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

9

The following are the only -r & w- controlled words that over half but less than two thirds of 3rd graders can correctly spell: bird (66%) ..........dear (66%) girl (64%) ............ far (64%) door (64%) ..........want(61%) work (60%) ......... park (60%) there (59%) air (59%) year (59%) ........... our (59%) doors (58%) .........here (58%) more (58%) ..........hear (57%) ford (52%) ........ birds (52%) fire (52%) ......... girls (52%) card (51%) ......... barn (51%) When only a total of 27 out of over 600 phonically regular -R controlled, W- controlled and W& -R controlled words can be spelled by more than 50% of our third graders, something is terribly wrong. If it is true that the 10% of 3rd graders who can spell the word nerve are gifted, wouldn’t you think that more than 10% of these gifted could drop a silent e and add -ous to make nervous! Of course, they could. If they were taught! But as is, only 1% of all 3rd graders can spell nervous. If 41% can spell care, you would think that at least 75% of these students could add the -ful suffix to spell careful. But no, only 25% of those who could spell care could add -ful. That is only 10% of all third graders could spell careful. The “gifted” ones! Now, you would think that gifted 3rd graders could add -ly to careful and end up spelling carefully. But no, only 40% of the “gifted” could do that. That is, only 4% of 3rd graders could spell carefully.

The percentages next to words represent the number of 3rd grade students who can correctly spell that word according to The New Iowa Spelling Scale. Those words without a percentage after them are generally never found in any 3rd grade book.

10

AH'r

far ............ 501 bizarre ..... 501 AH'r'b barb ......... 505 AH'r'bee Barbie;...... 505 R.B. .......... 739 AH'r'bul marble ...... 608 AH'r'bur Garber ...... 505 harbor....... 505 AH'r'burd barbered... 505 harbored... 505 starboard .. 505 See "UR'd" entry AH'r'ch march ....... 505 AH'r'cheeArchie ....... 505 starchy...... 505 AH'r'chur archer ....... 505 AH'r-d yard .......... 505 barred....... 501 AH'r-dee tardy ......... 505 AH'r-dur harder....... 505 AH'r-f scarf ......... 507 AH'r-j charge ...... 507 AH'r-jee Margie ...... 507 AH'r-jist largest ...... 507 AH'r-jiz barges ...... 507 AH'r-jur charger ..... 507 AH'r-k park .......... 507 AH'r-k-ss marks ....... 507 Marx ......... 507 arcs .......... 507 AH'r-kul sparkle...... 507 AH'r-kur barker ....... 507 AH'r-l Carl........... 508 AH'r-lur parlor ........ 508 AH'r-m arm ........... 508 AH'r-mur armor........ 508 farmer....... 508 AH'r-n darn .......... 508 AH'r-nish varnish...... 508 AH'r-nur garner....... 508 AH'r-p harp .......... 508 AH'r-pee sharpie ..... 508 AH'r-pin sharpen .... 508 AH'r-pit carpet ....... 508 AH'r-sh harsh ........ 509 AH'r-shul marshal .... 509 martial ...... 509 Mr. Marshall.... 509 AH'r-ss arse .......... 509 farce ......... 509 AH'r slee parsley...... 509 sparsely.... 509 AH'r-t art ............. 510

AH'r-tee party ......... 510

OH'r-ss horse ........ 518

hearty ....... 510 AH'r-tid parted ....... 510 big-hearted. 510 AH'r-th Garth ........ 510 hearth ....... 510 AH'r-tul startle........ 510 AH'r-tur charter ...... 510 AH'r-v carve......... 507 AH'r-vul marvel....... 507 AH'r-z bars .......... 501 bazaar's.... 501 EHR fair ............ 530 fare ........... 523 their .......... 530 wear.......... 530 solitaire ..... 530 derriere ..... 941 EHR ee fairy........... 530 ferry .......... 530 Mary ......... 530 marry ........ 530 EHR-ss scarce....... 523 OH'r or .............. 526 ore ............ 526 oar ............ 526 four ........... 526 war............ 502 **corps**... 537 OH'r-b absorb ...... 516 OH'r-ch torch ......... 516 OH'r-d warred ...... 502 ward.......... 502 ford ........... 516 bored ........ 526 board ........ 533 OH'r-did warded ..... 502 forded ....... 516 hoarded .... 533 sordid........ 161 OH'r'dee Gordy........ 516 OH'r dur border ....... 516 boarder ..... 533 OH'r-f wharf......... 502 OH'r-k fork ........... 517 OH'r-m form .......... 517 warm......... 502 OH'r-n warn.......... 502 corn .......... 526 Hawthorne 526 OH'r-p warp.......... 502 Thorpe ...... 517 OH'rp'ss warps........ 502 corpse ...... 507

hoarse ...... 518 force ......... 518 course....... 518 source....... 518 wart........... 502 port ........... 519 torte .......... 519 forth .......... 519 fourth ........ 519 quarts ....... 502 quartz ....... 502 sports........ 519 near .......... 531 beer .......... 531 bier ........... 531 here .......... 531 fierce......... 534 liar............. 532 lyre............ 532 fire ............ 525 higher ....... 308 poor .......... 532 lure .......... 527 pure ......... 527 saboteur . 527 tour .......... 527 were.......... 524 altar .......... 673 alter .......... 650 sir.............. 514 color.......... 676 colour........ 682 fur ............. 520 curb .......... 520 church....... 520 perch ........ 511 search....... 533 Birch ......... 514 standard ... 506 herd .......... 511 heard ........ 533 bird ........... 514 word.......... 503 curd .......... 520 collared..... 673 papered658-72 inferred ..... 511 chauffeured .. 681 stirred ....... 514 labored ..... 680 laboured ... 682 euchred .... 683

501A

11

5105105

OH'r-t OH'r-th OH'r-ts EE'r

EE'r-ss YH'r

OO'r

UR

UR'b UR'ch

UR'd

UR did

URD'z UR dul UR'f UR'g UR'j UR'k

UR'l UR'm UR'n UR'p UR-ss UR's-t

UR't UR't-ss

UR'th URV YH'r

occurred.... 520 measured527-9 forwarded.. 506 herded ...... 511 girded........ 514 worded...... 503 standards.. 506 hurdle........ 608 girdle......... 608 turf ............ 520 burg .......... 520 berg .......... 512 urge .......... 521 scourge..... 521 dirge.......... 514 clerk .......... 512 smirk ......... 514 work .......... 503 lurk............ 521 girl............. 514 curl............ 521 pearl.......... 533 germ ......... 512 firm............ 515 learn.......... 533 concern..... 512 turn ........... 521 twirp .......... 515 burp .......... 521 curse......... 522 worse ........ 503 hearse....... 534 burst.......... 522 thirst.......... 515 Hearst ....... 534 worst ......... 503 Bert ........... 513 dirt............. 515 Burt ........... 522 Hertz ......... 522 squirts ....... 515 Bert's......... 513 Curt's ........ 522 worth......... 503 earth ......... 533 birth........... 515 curve......... 522 swerve ...... 513 fire............. 525 higher........ 308