CASE 2: Can Brazil become a Global Competitor in the Information Outsourcing Business? By: Raj Ramolia, Brandon Chhoa, Nikhil Sharma, Mayur Polani, Azra Esteves, Shannon Stewart Section: IMS3310.003 Date: January 29, 2018
For a long time, India has been the hotspot for U.S. outsourcing of jobs, particularly in the IT field. With the plethora of jobs that the U.S. has created for India, and the abundant amount of money the U.S. was able to save through outsourcing, both countries have seen growth due to the benefits that come with it. After decades of being the major location for job outsourcing, Indian businesses have begun to look into outsourcing their IT jobs to Brazil. Many aspects of Brazil’s current conditions have led it to be seen as a viable hub for IT outsourcing. Just like the U.S, India can succeed if they choose to enter the Brazilian outsourcing market. Different factors such as economic, political, financial and cultural, all contribute to how Brazil would be a suitable country for India to outsource IT jobs to. One of the biggest advantages of Brazil’s economy is that is the eighth largest in the world. Despite the recession that impacted Brazil, which was considered the worst in its history, the country has begun to see signs of recovery in 2017. In June of 2017, Brazil had shown indication of ending to the recession with its fastest growth rate in four years (Cascione). Coming out of the recession, Brazil’s economy experienced 1% growth, and is expected to continue to grow at a slow and steady rate. Surprisingly, even during this recession Brazil’s technological sector was still growing. Sao Paulo even underwent a technology boom during this time, with its ecommerce and web sectors experiencing 20% growth each year, despite the country’s GDP showing no growth. Because of the impenetrable strength of this industry that not only survived, but thrived during a recession, India can trust that Brazil’s technology industry will provide them a strong and steady source of income regardless of the performance of the country’s overall economy. In addition to this, large companies in Brazil never stopped furthering the
incorporation of technology into their operations, even during the economic crisis, for the purpose of lowering their overall operation costs.The total information technology services expenditures of Brazil was estimated to have grown 6.3% in 2017, and the IT market is predicted to grow 2.5% since 2016. As can be seen, despite the economic downturn, the country’s IT market maintained its strength and is the ninth largest IT market in the world.
Brazil’s culture is also a huge factor when it comes to the suitability of the country’s
potential in becoming an outsourcing hub. One of the most important cultural aspects is the level of industrialization within the country. The people of Brazil are even to this day, joining the computerized world at increasing levels. One of the best university computer science programs in the world is located in Brazil – Universidade Federal de Minas Geraisis. Here, professors from prestigious schools such as Oxford, Princeton, and UCLA come to teach. As can be seen, because technology is such a huge part of Brazilian culture, many international businesses have set their sights on Brazil for technologybased needs.
Brazil’s business conduct and etiquette also is a factor that makes it such a good prospect
for IT outsourcing. Since most IT jobs that are being outsourced are heavily centered in customer service, India can find Brazil’s business etiquette to be favorable when it comes to these kinds of jobs. Brazilians operate under a “fluid” time culture, meaning they are more patient and perceive time as being elastic. Instead of rushing to get things done, Brazilians like to focus more on the quality of than timeliness of things, whether it be work, relationships, etc. When it comes to business, this aspect of their culture is reflected as well. Brazilians place a large amount of importance on the quality of their relationships with business partners and customers, meaning that they would deliver exceptional service and maintain strong ties with anyone they conduct
business with. Given this information, India’s business managers can find this advantageous when deciding whether to outsource jobs to Brazil or not. Since so many of the outsourced IT jobs would be centered in customer service and tech support, this type of business culture would be suitable.
A few large competitors of Brazil for India to outsource to include Malaysia, Indonesia, and China. China is a prime competitor because of its “pool of highly educated graduates, a relatively lowcost profile and [its] good business environment” (Consultancy.uk). In recent years, the collapse in currency has made China a much more appealing destination for outsourcing. China’s flaws however, make many companies hesitant to outsource to them; for
example, not enforcing IP laws, making it very difficult to protect vital information. Malaysia, another colossal competitor of Brazil, is a very striking landing spot for outsourcing IT, because of its cheap labor and strong business environment. However, Malaysia’s pool of candidates is much lower than that of China and India. With producing over 135,000 graduates with bachelor’s degrees, A.T. Kearney believes, “Malaysia, which came in 18 th place in the World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Index 2016, has the potential to become a global player offering specialized IT service capabilities.” Indonesia, another nation moving up in the outsourcing hotspots list, consists of the largest economy in southeast Asia and is the fourth largest populated country in the world. With such a substantial population, some noticeable drawbacks include low literacy rates and little technological readiness. The competition is dense between all these nations racing to grasp the summit of the outsourcing hotspot to surpass India. From a political and legal standpoint, the benefits outway the cost. With their high corporate tax rate, some other countries are turned off to outsourcing there, but once you get passed the long start up time and high tax cost, everything else is relatively cheap (labor, development, electricity). When it comes to a specific cost, Brazil has a low legal contract cost, and by having a low contract cost companies outsourcing to Brazil can focus their money elsewhere. Brazil is also politically stable, making it a good work environment and making sure the companies won’t have to deal with political problems between their nation and Brazil. The government of Brazil also recently passed a bill to make outsourcing easier, both in house and out. This bill also demonstrated that the government is very willing to work with new potential countries.
Brazil has a competitive advantage over India when it comes to having India’s IT sector
in Brazil instead of their home nation. One of the characteristics that gives Brazil this advantage is its location. There is only one time zone difference between Brazil and the West coast of the United States, and a 4 hour difference between Brazil and the East coast. It is surrounded by other countries which grants ease of access to those countries such as Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela. Also, with Brazil being among the top 5 biggest countries in the world and new to the IT sector, it has the land space needed for development and infrastructure that India has run out of. The other countries surrounding Brazil that would also give us this access aren't as qualified in certain areas as Brazil is, seen in the chart by Gartner, making it a favorable South American country to outsource to. With Brazil’s culture being more westernized than India, it gives them a another competitive advantage when offering customer service. The main customers of these IT sectors that are outsourced to Brazil are located in North America, therefore the similarity of cultures is important as far as customer service and being on the same page as the clientele. The similar cultures also makes the language barrier a little bit easier, when you can draw from close things to communicate instead of having no idea about any kind of common ground. Obviously these
companies want to do what they can at the lowest price, with sky rocketing labor cost in india, Brazil is a good option for cheaper workers that are also qualified. Brazil is amongst one of the top leading technology hubs in the world. It is a prime destination for India to outsource to because of its many competitive, political, legal, economical, and cultural advantages. However, there is much to improve on if they want to surpass the Indian IT sector. In conclusion, Brazil needs to expand and educate individuals in the IT division who aren't able to receive the education needed for the tasks, by providing English language classes to those who need to refine their communication skills. Enhancing the standard of service that is given will also gain trust of the supplier and establish a better relationship than its competitors. Some recommendations for Brazil’s country includes improving their infrastructure, such as their bandwidth. If the Brazilian government is able to decrease the startup time for organizations as well as decreasing taxes, Brazil will become an economic hotspot to outsource to. Another major obstacle that prevents companies from selecting Brazil is its high levels of crime and corruption. Altering the working environment by molding a safeguarded zone, will help individuals feel more secure in a pleasant and welcoming habitat. If these modifications are made to Brazil, it will outmatch its rivals and transform into a supreme destination to outsource to.
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