Importance Of The Theory Of Dependent Origination

k|tLTo;d'Tkfb cWoogsf] dxTj Importance of the study of Pratityasamutpad. MILAN SHAKYA Chakupat, Lalitpur

;+;f/ Psbd b'MvdoL 5 . hxfFtxL b'Mv} b'Mv 5 o; ;+;f/df . t/ xfdL oxL b'MvdoL ;+;f/df dgf/~hg ub}{5f}F . ;+;f/sf] b'Mv s'g} sfNklgs jf lkmNdsf] s'/f xf]Og . of] Ps s6' ;To jf Harsh Reality g} xf] . of] Ps k|fs[lts lgod klg xf] . ;"o{ k"j{af6 pbo x'g'nfO{ xfdL Universal Law or Natural Law dfG5f} . b'Mv klg Universal Law or Natural Law g} xf] . of] ;+;f/ sf ;a} wd{ jf j:t' x]t' k|Too Cause and Condition n] ag]sf x'Fbf ;+:s[t 5g\ / ;+:s[t clgTo x'G5, If0feË'/ x'G5 / cgfTd x'G5 . oxfF wDdkbsf] Pp6f Znf]s pNn]v ubf{ /fd|f] xf]nf M ;Aa] ;+vf/f clgRrflt obf k~`fo k:;lt cy lglAaGblt b'Mv] o; dUuf] lj;'l4of ;"o{ pbfpg', kfgL kg'{ h:tf] k|fs[lts lgodnfO{ h:t} h:tfsf] t:t} xfdL o; ;+;f/ / o; ;+;f/sf j:t'nfO{ lng ;ls/fvsf] 5}gf}F . o; clgTo ;+;f/nfO{ xfdLn] lgTosf] ¿kdf lnO/fv]sf 5f} ToxL sf/0fn] xfdL b'Mvdf kml;/fv]sf 5f}F . lsgls xfdLdf Sn]z 5, t[i0ff 5. ;+;f/sf ljljw b'Mvx¿nfO{ b]v]/ tyfut zfSod'lg a'4df ;j{k|yd dxfs?0ff pTkGg eof] . To;kl5 oxL dxfs?0ffn] clek|]l/t eO{ pxfFn] …d oL b'MvL k|f0fLx¿nfO{ b'Mvaf6 d'Qm u/fpg] / pgLx¿nfO{ ;'vL agfpg] cleef/f cfˆg} sfFwdf lnG5' / To;sf] nflu d a'4Tj k|fKt u5'{ .Ú o:tf] k|sf/sf] af]lwlrQ pTkGg ug'{eof] . To;kl5 pxfFn] cgGt hGdx¿df ^ jf !) kf/ldtfsf] cEof; u/]/ cgGt k'0o / 1fg ;Def/ cfh{g ug'{eof] . ToxL k'0o / 1fg ;+ef/åf/f pxfFn] ;a} Sn]z / 1]o cfj/0fx¿nfO{ ;d"n gi6 ub}{ cGttf]uTjf ;Dos\ ;Da'4Tj k|fKt ug'{eof] . tTkZrft ljleGg ?lr, cWofzo, OlGb|o / Ifdtf ePsf ljgohg -xfdL h:tf k|f0fL_ x¿sf] sNof0ffy{ pkfos'zn eujfg\ a'4n] ;f]xL cg';f/ ljleGg k|sf/sf wd{b]zgf lbg'eof] . cg]s wd{rqmx¿nfO{ k|jt{g ug'{eof] .

1

pxfFn] ug'{ePsf] wd{b]zgf jf egf}+ eujfg\ a'4sf] lzIffsf] d"n s8L g} k|tLTo;d'Tkfb xf] . åfb;fË k|tLTo ;d'Tkfb g} rt'/fo{ ;Tosf] cfwf/ xf] . of] s]jn >fjs ofgsf] dfq pkb]z xf]Og . of] k|f/lDes txsf] a'4sf lzIff ->fjsofg_ b]lv jh|ofg bz{g ;Dd sf nflu klg d"n cfwf/ xf] . k|tLTo;d'Tkfbsf !@ j6f cË h'g Ps cfk;df cfl>t 5 o; k|sf/ 5 M != cljBf, @= ;+:sf/, #= lj1fg, $= gfd¿k, %= if8fotg, ^= :kz{, &= j]bgf, *= t[i0ff, (= pkfbfg, !)= hflt, !!= ej, !@= h/fd/0f o;sf] dxTj s] 5 < o;sf dxTjx¿ a'bfut lsl;dn] tn lbOG5 . != ;+;f/sf ;d:t rLh x]t' k|Tooaf6 jf sfo{sf/0faf6 ag]sf 5g\ . To;}n] ;+:s[t 5g\ ;a} . ;+:s[t ePs} sf/0fn] clgTo klg 5 . t/ xfdLnfO{ clgTo s'/fx¿ dg kb}{g, xfdL ;a} rLh lgTo xf];\ egL rfxG5f}+, h:t} xfd|f] lk|ohg;+u slxNo} 5'l6g' gk/f];\, of] j:t' ;w}sf nflu d]/f] eOlbP x'GYof], OToflb rfxgfx¿ u5f}{, To:tf] rfxgf ug'{ eg]sf] ;"o{ klZrdaf6 pbfP x'GYof] eG7fGg' xf], h'g sbflk ;Dej 5}g, lsgsL oxL ;To xf], oxL k|s[lt xf] h;sf] lj?4 xfdL hfg ;Sb}gf}, To;}n] k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] 1fgn] Ps oyfy{ k/s b[li6 agfpgdf xfdLnfO{ d2t ub{5 h;n] ubf{ xfdLn] cfkm}n] ;[hgf u/]sf] b'Mvaf6 d'lQm k|fKt ug{ ;S5f}F . @= ;a} j:t' Ps csf{df cfl>t x'G5 jf lge{/ x'G5 . ;+;f/df s'g} klg rLh :jtGq x'Fb}g . ToxL eP/ ltgLx¿sf] cfTd :jefj x'Fb}g . cfTd :jefj ePsf] eP s'g} klg rLh lgTo x'g]Yof], xfdL slxNo} dg'{kb}{gYof] . of] t lj1fgn] klg v08g ul/;Sof] . olb k|tLTo ;d'TkGg geOlbPsf] eP ;+;f/df oltsf j}1flgs rdTsf/x¿ x'g] lyPg . :ofp v;]sf] b]v]kl5 Go"6gn] u'?Tj cfsif{0f zlQmsf] cfljisf/ ug]{ lyPg . To;}n] cfTd OZj/ eG7fGg' vfnL dgu9Gt syf dfq xf] h'g oyf{y hutdf st} ;Dej 5}g . oxL k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbn] ubf{ a'4wd{ ;+;f/sf cGo ;a} wd{eGbf lgtfGt km/s 5 . oxL k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] bz{gsf] sf/0f a'4wd{ clxn] ;+;f/df wd{x¿dWo] ;a}eGbf dflyNnf] k+lQmdf /xg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . #= k|tLTo ;d'Tkfb bz{gn] xfdLnfO{ ?l9jfbL ljrf/wf/faf6 d'Qm u/fP/ Ps ldx]gtL / sdy{ JolQm klg agfpFb5 . oxfF efUo jf OZj/sf] s'/f cfpFb}g . xfdL cS;/ b'Mv cfOkbf{ jf s'g} To:tf] 36gf x'Fbf efUo jf OZj/nfO{ stf{ ;DemG5f}F . jf:tjdf of] k|s[lt ;Ddt s'/f xf]Og . eG5g lg efUodf jf lgwf/df n]v]sf] s'/f eP/} 5f8\5, jf d]/f] efUo 2

g} o:tf], d]/f] efUodf ;'v ef]Ug' jf xf:g' n]v]s} 5}g . oL ;a s'/f jflxoft xf] . o;nfO{ efUojfbL Fatalism klg elgG5 . olb ;a} To:t} g} eOlbPsf] eP xfdLn] lsg !) cf}+nf lvofP/ ldx]gt ug'{ k¥of] . ;a} efUod} 5f]l8lbP x'Fb}gYof] / . To:tf] dfG5]n] slxNo} k|ult unf{ / < d]/f] hfFrdf km]n x'g] efUod} n]v]sf] eP lsg ldx]gt u/]/ k9\g'k¥of] lsg hfFr lbg hfg'k¥of] . oL ;a} ldx]gtsf] s] cy{ /Xof] cflv/ < ;a} OZj/n] u/fPsf] xf] eGg]x¿ eG5g\, x] OZj/ xfd|f] hf]l8 ldnfOlbg';\, OZj/ t}+n] /r]/ km]l/ s;/L ljufl/;\, OZj/ tF lsg o:tf] lgi7'/L eO;\, x] OZj/ ltdLn] ubf{ cfh d Psbd wg;DkGg 5' OToflb .Ú s:tf] cGwljZjf; xf] of] . olb OZj/n] g} ;a}yf]s ug]{ eP xfdLn] lsg sd{ ug'{k¥of] < xfdL lhGbuL eo+s/ kfk u5f}{, kl5 u+uf :gfg u/]kl5 ;a} kfk OZj/n] d]l6lbG5, jf kfkLnfO{ OZj/n] dfbf{ kfkLn] df]If k|fKt u5{ /] < To:tf] klg sfxL x'G5 o; ;+;f/df . o;df pN6f] OZj/ g} kfkL ePg / csf{nfO{ dfg]{ s:tf] OZj/ Tof] < u+uf :gfg u/]kl5 ;a} kfk w'lnG5 /] < s:tf] xf] of] < o:t} xf] eg] ;+;f/ s:tf] x'g] lyof], kfk} kfk a9\g] lyof] lsgls kfk ug{sf nflu ca nfh dfGg gkg]{ eof], eo lng gkg]{ eof] lsgls kl5 u+uf :gfg u/]kl5 d'lQm kfOxfN5 lg . k|fs[lts ;+;f/df of] sxL ;Dej 5}g, ;a} dgu9Gt syf dfq xf] . h;n] k|tLTo ;d'TkfbnfO{ a'‰5 oL ;a} cGwljZjf;af6 5'6sf/f k|fKt ub{5, oxL ;xL dfu{ xf], oxL ljz'4L dfu{ xf], of] vfln a'4wd{nfO{ prfNg / c? wd{nfO{ xf]Rofpg dfq elgPsf] xf]Og . ;To oxL xf] . $= oxL k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] bz{gsf] sf/0f af}4 Gofo cGo ;a} wd{sf] Gofo eGbf Psbd wfl/nf] / t]h 5 . ;"qdf elgG5 ls zfSod'lg h+unsf] l;+x h:t} x'g'x'G5 lsgeg] l;+xsf] uh{g ;'g]/ h+unsf ;a} hgfj/x¿ efufefu x'G5g\ To;/L g} zfSod'lg a'4sf] k|jrg ;'g]/ ;a} tLly{s wdf{jnDjLx¿ efufefu x'g] ub{5g\ . To;}n] zfSod'lg a'4nfO{ zfSol;+x klg eGg] ul/G5 . oyf{yk/s k|tLTo ;d'Tkfb bz{gsf] sjr klxl/P/ Oltxf;df sltko af}4 cfrfo{x¿ h:t} gfufh'{g, cfo{b]j, lbUgfu, wdsLlt{x¿n] cGo wd{sf hlt;'s} k|sf08 ljåfgx¿nfO{ klg zf:tfy{df x/fpg ;kmn eP . vf; c¿nfO{ x/fpg' a'4wd{sf] nIo xf]Og t/ s?0ffj;\ tL tLly{s wdf{jnDjLsf] ldYofb[li6nfO{ sf6]/ pgLx¿sf] hLjgnfO{ ;'vdo kfg'{ nIo xf] jf:tjdf . To;}n] a'4wd{ g} ;xL 5 eg]/ s;}nfO{ tfGg] sf]l;; xf]Og, Tof] t eujfg a'4n] klg eGg'ePsf] 5 …d}n] t j;\ b'Mvaf6 d'Qm x'g] pkfo atfP, To;nfO{ cg'z/0f ug]{ gug]{ ltdLx¿s} lhDdf . lsgsL Tof] dfu{df t ltdL cfkm} lx8\g'k5{ < g k|IffnolGt d'gof] hn]g kfk+ g}jfksif{lGt s/]0f hu2'Mvd\ . g}j r ;+qmdt] Xog]if' :jflwudM ;4d{tfb]zgof ljdf]rolGt .. 3

-pbfgju{_ t'Dx]lx lsRrdftKk+ cSvtf/f] tyfutf . kl6kGgf kdf]SvlGt, emflogf] df/aGwgf .. -wDdkb, dUujuf] – @)_ %= k|tLTo ;d'Tkfb g} o:tf] cfwf/e"t bz{g xf] h;sf] hudf >fjsofgb]lv lnP/ jh|ofg;Dd klg cfwfl/t 5 . clgTo b]lv lnP/ z"Gotf ;Dd klg oxL k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbdf c8]sf] 5 . To;}n] gfufh'{g eGg'x'G5 M clg/f]wdg'Tkfbdg'R5]bdzfZjtd\ . cg]sfy{dgfgfy{dgfuddlgu{dd\ .. oM k|tLTo;d'Tkfb+ k|k~rf]kzd+ lzjd\ . b]zodf; ;Da'4:t+ jGb] j/tf+ j/d\ .. ! .. The Madhyamakasastram of Nagarjuna. page no. 1

k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] 1fg a'lemPg eGg] ;Dk"0f{ a'4wd{ – >fjsofg, dxfofg -kf/ldtf, dGq_ – sf] 1fg klg x'g ;Sb}g . %= eujfg\ a'4n] k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] cfwf/df g} rt'/fo{ ;To b]zgf ug'{ePsf] sf/0f olb xfdLn] k"/f k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf cg'nf]d, k|ltnf]d rqmnfO{ /fd|/L af]w u¥of}F eg] o; b'MvdoL ;+;f/af6 d'Qm eP/ b'Mv/lxt cj:yf lgjf{0f k|fKt ug]{ t 5b}5 t/ k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbsf] 1fgn] xfdLnfO{ of] hLjgnfO{ klg ;fy{s agfpg d2t ub{5 . h:t} xfdL clxn] w]/} g} cxd ego -cfTdb[li6–Sn]zx¿sf] h8_ leq afFlr/x]sf 5f}F . k|tLTo;d'Tkfb d} xfdL yfxf kfpF5f} ls Tof] cxd cljBfn] ubf{ x'g] u5{ / ToxL b'Mvsf] h8 xf] . To;}n] s;}n] xfd|f] lj?4 s]xL eGof] ls oxL cxdsf] sf/0fn] l/; p7\5, ;fgf ltgf s'/fdf klg lg/f; x'G5f}, ;a} cfkm}n] eg]h:tf] dfq xf];\ eG7fG5f} . t/ of] ;+;f/ ;+:s[t 5, ;a} x]t' k|Toon] ag]sf] 5 jf k|tLTo;d'TkGg 5 ToxL eP/ clgTo 5, z"Go 5, xfd|f] cx+n] h] 7fG5 7Ls To;sf] ljkl/t 5 . ha xfd|f] cx+ lj?4 s]xL rLh k|fs[lts¿kn] eOlbG5, xfdLnfO{ cxddf 7"nf] rf]6 nfU5, / 7"nf] b'Mv ef]U5f} xfdL . olb k|tLTo;d'Tkfbsf] 1fg eP sd;]sd oxL h'gLdf klg ;a} rLh, ;'v b'Mv OToflbnfO{ ;xh ;+u t lng ;Sg]lyof}F . /flt lgGb|f nfu]g eg]/ lgGb|fsf] cf}ifwL t vfg] kg]{ lyPg . cfkm"n] eg]sf] rLh kfPg eg]/ cfTdxTof t ug{ kg]{ lyPg . xfd|f] qmf]w zfGt x'Fb} hfG5 . 4