Icp Why

WHY? INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE Frequent neuro checks. Why? • Condition quickly changes and establish a baseline. Looking for improvements • First sign is change in LOC Drug Induced Comas. Why? • Decreases metabolic demand on brain • Shut down Avoidance of Valsava Maneuver. Why? • Increased ICP Administer Lasix. Why? • Decreases ICP (unload intravascular spaces) Hyperventilation. Why? • Respiratory alkalosis  Cerebral vasoconstriction Decreased cerebral blood volume, decreased ICP • O2 and  CO2 levels Seizure Precautions. Why? • Cerebral changes cause seizures Elevate HOB. Why? • 20-30o will increase venous return/drainage. Careful regulation of IV fluids. Why? • Prevent Increased ICP. DO NOT want to overload with fluids Neck in Neutral, Midline Position. Why? • Promote venous drainage Administer Oxygen. Why? • Increase cerebral perfusion Administer osmotic diuretics. Why? • Dehydrate brain, Decreases cerebral edema Passive Range of Motion. Why? • Prevent Contractures, no active so as to not put stress on their body Turn and deep breathe. Why? • Prevent pneumonia, increase gastric motility, position sense in the bed, no coughing Administer corticosteroids. Why? • Decreases cerebral edema

Treat elevated temperatures. Why? • Increases cerebral metabolism rate and cerebral edema Restrict fluids. Why? • Dehydration, decrease circulating fluid volume Check stools for occult blood. Why? • Corticosteroids can cause bleeding Administer Anticonvulsants. Why? • Prevent convulsions, and seizures, because it increases ICP Monitor intake and output. Why? • Dehydration, diabetes insipidus No trendelengerg. Why? • Decreased venous return and increases cerebral edema Monitor electrolytes. Why? • Evaluate seizures Keep blood pressure normotensive. Why? • Increase BP  Increased ICP Monitor BUN/Creat Levels. Why? • Renal Function Monitor Blood Gas Values. Why? • Respiratory Status (CO2) – increased CO2 leads to vasodilation  increased ICP Continuous intracranial pressure monitoring. Why? • Condition of client in early stages, and see if treatment is effective Administer stool softeners. Why? • Prevent straining Ventriculostomy. Why? • Drain, and administration of drugs, must keep sterile, must keep gravity drain at certain level do not move bed up or down. Intracranial surgery. Why? • Remove tumor, correct bleed, correct underlying cause Nothing snug around neck. Why? • Decreases venous drainage, and increased ICP Avoid Extreme hip flexion and prone position. Why? • Increased intraabdominal/intrathoracic pressure  increases ICP Assist client to move in bed. Why?

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Movement increases ICP

No Restraints. Why? • Resistance Increases ICP Decrease anxiety level and avoid emotional upsets. Why? • Decreases ICP Suction as needed to maintain clear airway. Why? • Coughing Increases ICP No Narcotics or sedatives. Why? • Effects LOC