Histology Of The Endocrine Organs

The endocrine system Endocrine cells: Endocrine glands Embedded in other organs (pl. enteroendocine system)

Regulation: synthesis of chemical transmitter molecules (hormones) Endocrine glands: No excretory duct Release of secretory product directly to the blood stream

Target organs: Receptors Signal transduction pathways

The endocrine glands Pituitary gland (hypophysis) Thyroid gland (glandula thyroidea) Parathyroid gland (glandula parathyroidea) Adrenal/suprarenal gland (glandula suprarenalis) Pineal gland (corpus pineale) Pancreas: Langerhans-islets (insular apparatus) Ovarium: yellow body (corpus luteum) Testis: Leydig cells

The developmental origin of the endocrine glands Ectoderm: Neuroectoderm: neurohypophysis corpus pineale Neural crest: gl. thyroidea parafollicular cells, gl. suprarenalis medulla Epithelium: Rathke s pouch: adenohypophysis

Mesoderm: gl. suprarenalis cortex Endoderm: Epithelium: gl. parathyroidea Langerhans islets

Slide 67, hypophysis, H&E, 4x Neurohypophysis: pars nervosa

Adenohypophysis: pars intermedia

Adenohypophysis: pars distalis

Slide 67, hypophysis

pars nervosa, H&E, 40x

endothelial cell

capillaries (fenestrated endothelium)

pituicytes

axons (hypothalamohypophyseal tract)

Slide 67, hypophysis

pars intermedia, H&E, 40x simple cuboidal epithelium

cyst filled with colloid

Slide 67, hypophysis

pars distalis, H&E, 40x

chromophobe cell

basophil cells

acidophil cells

Slide 85, hypothalamus, oxytocin immunocytochemistry, 4x n. paraventricularis axons (hypothalamohypophyseal tract)

3rd ventricle

optic tract

n. supraopticus

Slide 85, n. supraopticus, oxytocin immunocytochemistry, 40x

Slide 68, thyroid gland, H&E, 4x

follicles

connective tissue septum

Slide 68, thyroid gland, H&E, 40x

follicular epithelial cells

follicle

colloid (thyroglobulin)

capillary

Slide 69, parathyroid gland, H&E, 10x oxyphil cells

chief cells

capillaries

Slides 69, parathyroid gland, H&E, 40x

chief cells

adipocytes

oxyphil cells

Slide 70, adrenal gland, H&E, 4x

cortex

medulla

capsule

Slide 70, adrenal gland - cortex, H&E, 10x z. reticularis

z. fasciculata

z. glomerulosa capsule

Slide 70, zona glomerulosa, H&E, 40x

endocrine cells

Slide 70, zona fasciculata, H&E, 40x

endocrine cells

sinuses

Slides 70, zona reticularis, H&E, 40x

sinuses

endocrine cells

Slide 70, adrenal medulla, H&E, 40x

sinuses

arteriole

chromaffin cells

Slide 50, pancreas, H&E, 10x exocrine pancreas islets of Langerhans

lobulus septum

Slide 50, pancreas, H&E, 40x

islet of Langerhans

capillary

Slide 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 4x ovarian cortex

corpus luteum

follicles

Slide 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 10x

theca-lutein cells

granulosalutein cells

Slide 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 40x

theca-lutein cells

granulosalutein cells