High School Library History

High School Library History 8th Century: Canterbury, York, Winchester and Hexham England had first documented school libraries 12th Century: At St. Paul’s Cathederal School in London books were turned over to the Schoolmaster and ex officio librarian in a formal service. Penalty for failing to return a book to St. Paul’s London was specified as excommunication. 1328 or 1329: Books for instruction were bequeathed to the school at St. Paul’s Cathedral. A larger collection was bequeathed in 1358. 1573: Books were left to the Lybrarie at the Royal Grammar School at Guildford

High School Library History

The King’s School library, now the Annex to the Dayton (OH) public Chapter House from Thomas library built in 1924 as the high Bonnor’s Itinerary of 1796 The school library. King’s School Glouster, UK http://home.dayton.lib.oh.us/Archives http://www.thekingsschool.co.uk/dept/his/history_of_school/

High School Library History 1835: New York State passed a low providing that “the school district library should be supported by taxation.”

1865: Average school library book collection in France 60 volumes

Late 1800s: public libraries in New England began collaborating with schools to supply books and other learning materials. 1889: Average school library collection in France 150 volumes

1892: New York State passed legislation for the development of school libraries. 3

High School Library History

1906: the first school library in Virginia opened. 1914: ALA created the School Library section 1928: The High School Library; Its Function in Education by Hannah Logasa was published.

1958: The National Defense Education Act allowed federal funding for school libraries. 50% of U.S. schools had library media centers 1985: 93% of U.S. schools had library media centers

High School Library History

B.M.C. Durfee High School library, Fall River MA circa 1890 Uncredited http://www.sailsinc.org/Durfee/cdp ictures/durfeeinterior3.jpg

Students studying in the Wichita (KS) High School North library circa 1930 Photo by Edgar B. Smith www.wichitaphotos.org

High School Library History

http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2005/2005324.pdf

Designing a New Circulation Desk For Today’s High School Library What are needs of the students? …the Library Teacher? …the Library Staff (Assistants, Aids)?

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A high school library circulation desk is often also a

reference desk. The many tasks and needs are detailed in the following slides. 8

First consideration: Needs of the students

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What did students need in the past? What do students need today?

Technology has changed—what services are needed?

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Accessibility for Students • Students in wheelchairs need accessible “lip” that hangs out from the Circulation Desk.

• All students need a Circulation Desk that is easy to use for book checkout. • Counter height 29”

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Book checkout needs: Flat counter for accessibility.

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Book Cart Located by Entrance Staff Usability: Pull out cart

Students need Easy-to-find book drop. 13

Students can be motivated by interesting book displays.

*Holiday Books *Featured Authors

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Students need access to reference help

Dictiona ry Globe 15

Students benefit from *counters with no barriers *guidance for information needs *friendly staff

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Classic Circ/Ref desk

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Needs of the library teacher or librarian.

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II. Library Teacher Needs • • • •

Helping students Cataloging Ordering/Purchasing Lesson Planning: – Scheduling the Library – Collaborating with teachers

• Grades/Financial Budgets 19

Helping Students • Make ref-desk interesting! Display interactive plant or …? • Ready Reference Materials on hand • Computer for library catalog and online help

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Cataloging • Cataloging Reference Books – Sears Subject Heading – Dewey Decimal Reference – Lib. of Congress Reference

Floor Space for 2 Single sided Book Trucks -Books to be cataloged -Cataloged books

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Ordering/Purchasing • Shelving for Book Vendors • File drawers for Financial files, budgets & information on grants

Fax Machine 22

Lesson Planning Scheduling the Library & Collaborating with teachers • Helping teachers to help students learn •

•

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Grades & Attendance Files for student programs.

Student Aids

Book Clubs 24

Drawers that open for sideways file storage. Files names are visible from the desk chair.

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Needs of the library staff.

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Staff Assistants need to be near the book theft system. They need methods to organize cords and multiple electrical outlets for AV testing.

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Circulation Counter

Space for –Computer –Barcode scanner –Slip printer –Circulation Items: 28

Space for 3-4 Computers • Computers needed for – circulation, – other assistants or volunteers, – student aids.

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Needs for doors & drawers • Gates in and out of circulation. (Swing out.)

Pullout drawers for small items: bookmarks, etc.

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Space on Counters & Below • Newspaper preparation takes space • Area for printers

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Raised counter to store items Floor space For Book Trucks

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Storage • New Media storage, i.e. “play- aways,” CD’s, new A.V. media processing materials

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High School Library History bibliography Clyde, L.A. (1999). The schole lybrarie: Images from our past. School Libraries Worldwide, 5 (1), 1-16 . Retrieved March 9, 2008, from Wilson Web database. Internet School Library Media Center. School Libraries -- History. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/index.html Mitchie, J. S. & Holton, B. A. (2005) Fifty Years of Supporting Children’s Learning: A History of Public School Libraries and Federal Legislation from 1953–2000. (NCES 2005-311) \U.S. Department of Education. National Center for Education Statistics. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved March 5, 2008, from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/quarterly/vol_7/1_2/7_2.asp Michie, J. S. & Holton, B. A. (2005) America's Public School Libraries: 1953-2000. (NCES 2005-324). U.S. Department of Education, National center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC; U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from nces.ed.gov/pubs2005/2005324.pdf