ALL
0-14 years Auer rods
AML 15-59 years (blasts >30%) Leukemias
Philadelphia t(9;22) CML 40-59 years (blasts <30%) Smudge cells CLL 60+ years
Iron deficiency
Thalassemia Microcytic Anemia (MCV<80)
target cells
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic anemias Chronic (Inflammatory) Disease
Mitochondrial iron ring
Acute hemorrhage
Normocytic Anemia
Enzyme defects
G6PD, PKU
RBC membrane defects
Spherocytosis
Bone marrow disorders
Aplastic anemia, leukemia
Hemoglobinopathies
Sickle cell
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
↓ TIBC, ↑ ferritin, ↑ Fe in marrow macrophages
B12 deficiency Megaloblastic Macrocytic Anemia (MCV>100)
Folate deficiency
Drugs that block DNA synthesis
Sulfa, AZT
Hepadnavirus (Partial Circular)
Enveloped
Herpesviruses
Poxvirus dsDNA Papovavirus DNA Viruses (Linear)
Naked Adenovirus
ssDNA
Naked
Parvovirus (Circular)
Flaviviruses
Icosahedral, Enveloped
Togaviruses
Retroviruses
+ ssRNA
Picornaviruses Icosahedral, Naked Caliciviruses
Helical, Enveloped
Coronaviruses
Orthomyxoviruses
Paramyxoviruses Linear RNA Viruses
Rhabdoviruses
Filoviruses
- ssRNA (Helical, Enveloped
Arenaviruses
Circular
Bunyaviruses
Deltavirus
dsRNA
Icosahedral, Enveloped
Reoviruses