Handout Av1

UNIT 1

1.

READING

relax

[rw’lks]

(i.v) thö giaõn

neighborhood [‘newbcrhd] (n) khu xoùm; haøng xoùm

(t.v) laøm (ai) thö giaõn

neighbor

(n) ngöôøi haøng xoùm

•

I read books to relax.

worry

•

Games online relaxes some young people.

•

I want to forget my worries.

•

I’m worrying about you.

relaxing (a) •

Reading books is relaxing.

unwind [n’wawnd] (i.v) relax •

Watching TV is a good way to unwind / relax.

(n,v) noãi lo; lo laéng

[‘wrw]

instrument

[‘wnstrmcnt] (n) duïng cuï; nhaïc cuï

guitar

[gw’tYr]

(n)

step

(n) baäc theàm; baäc thang


unwound (sp; pp)

slushy

[‘sl•w]

(n) thöùc uoáng laøm töø tuyeát

get together (with smb)  tuï taäp laïi; gaëp (ñeå chôi)

snow

[sno]

(n) tuyeát

•

We get together after work.

•

I also get together with my friends at weekends.

•

add

chat [±t] (v) talk informally – chuyeän phím •

[‘so•clawz] •

discuss a problem/ a topic/ the week

excuse [wk’skyuz] (n) false reason - caùi côù •

Add hot water to the milk. [‘fewvcrwt]

drink flavor [‘flewvc]

giaûi trí, troø chuyeän...) (v) talk about – baøn luaän; thaûo luaän; noùi chuyeän

a perfect excuse for being late

(v) theâm vaøo

[d]

favorite

(v) xaõ giao; giao tieáp xaõ hoäi (ñeå vui chôi,

A pub may be a place where people socialize.

discuss [dws’ks] •

•

What were you chatting to him about?

socialize

fresh / clean snow

(a) öa thích (n) höông lieäu cho thöùc uoáng (cam; nho; taùo...)

•

Add your favorite drink flavor to slushies.

do chores

[±]rz]

 do housework

take it easy  relax; calm down – thö giaõn; bình tónh a few times a week  vaøi laàn moät tuaàn at the same time

 cuøng moät luùc

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3.

GRAMMAR

I. SO & TOO

Khi toû söï gioáng nhau vôùi moät caâu noùi khaúng ñònh, söû duïng maãu ruùt goïn vôùi:

So + Verb + Subject = Subject + Verb … too

Modal Verbs

Verb to Be

Linda is from England.

Linda was here yesterday.

Present Perfect Simple present

I

I

Tom

Tom is,

am,

too.

So are

you

You are,

too.

So are

we

We are,

too.

So was

I

I

So was

he

too.

Linda could swim when she was 5. So could you

You

Linda would like to come.

So would he

He

So will

she

She

So must we

We

was, was, were, can, could, would, will, must,

Linda can

Linda will

speak French.

go on a diet.

Linda must wear a uniform.

Simple past

So am So is

Linda has been to Paris.

Linda knows Peter.

Linda went out yesterday.

He

So were you

You

So can

I

I

too. too. too. too. too. too. too. too.

So have

I

I

have,

too.

So have

you

You have,

too.

So has

she

She has,

too.

So have

my parents

So do

I

I

do,

too.

So do

you

You do,

too.

So do

my parents

My parents do, too.

So does

he

He

does,

too.

My parents have, too.

So did

I

I

did,

too.

So did

you

You did,

too.

So did

my parents

My parents did, too.

So did

he

He

did,

too.

II. NEITHER & NOT … EITHER .

Khi toû söï gioáng nhau vôùi moät caâu noùi phuû ñònh, söû duïng maãu ruùt goïn vôùi : Neither + Verb + Subject =

Verb to Be

Bill isn’t from Paris.

Neither Neither Neither

Bill wasn’t sick yesterday.

Neither Neither Neither

Mo dal Ver

Bill can’t

speak Chinese.

Bill wouldn’t like to come.

Neither Neither

am is are

I.

Subject + Verb not + …. either He

he.

She

you.

You

was was were

I. she.

I

you.

You

can would

I.

I

she.

She

She

isn’t, isn’t, aren’t,

either.

wasn’t, wasn’t, weren’t,

either.

either. either. either. either.

can’t. either. wouldn’t, either.

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Present Perfect

Bill won’t

go on a diet.

Neither

Bill mustn’t

chew gum.

Neither

Bill hasn’t been to Miami.

will must

Neither Neither Neither

Simple present

Neither Bill doesn’t like Mary.

Neither Neither Neither

Simple past

Neither Bill didn’t go to university.

He

we.

We

have have has have

I.

haven’t, either. You haven’t, either. He hasn’t, either. My parents haven’t, either.

Neither Neither

either.

do do does do

I.

either.

I

you. he. my parents.

don’t, either. either. You don’t, He doesn’t, either. My parents don’t, either. I

you. he. my parents.

did did did

Neither

won’t, mustn’t,

he.

I.

didn’t, either. You didn’t, either. My parents didn’t, either. I

you. my parents.

4. LISTENING conference [‘kYnfcrcns] (n) hoäi nghò •

You're at the conference too, aren't you?

recognize •

in sales [sewlz] (n) (laøm) ôû boä phaän baùn haøng outdoors [at’d]rz] (adv) in the open air ≠ indoors

nhaän ra (ai)

[‘rekcnawz] (v)

I thought I recognized you.

gym

[®wm]

I love doing things outdoors.

•

probably [‘prYbclw] (adv) coù theå; chaéc laø

phoøng taäp theå duïc

(n)

I'm in sales.

•


gymnasium [®wm’newzwcm]

I'll probably see you tomorrow

•

presentation [,prezcn’tew•cn] (n) thuyeát trình ñeà taøi
present •

[prw’zent]

There were some good presentations.

normally •

[‘n]rmclw]

(adv) usually

Normally I walk outside.

treadmill •

Vancouver [v’kuvc]

(v)

[‘tredmwl]

(n)

Canada

[‘kncdc]

Arizona

[rw’onc]

Tempe

[‘tempi]

Phoenix

[‘finwks]

I don't usually use a treadmill.

7.

READING

activity

(n)

hoaït ñoäng

•

She honestly said that she didn’t care.

(a)

thoâng thöôøng

•

Honesty is the best policy.

darkness [‘dYrkncs] (n)

boùng toái

in fact

fixed

[fwkst]

(a)

not changing - coá ñònh

•

flight

[flawt]

(n)

chuyeán bay

including [wn’kludwη] (pre) bao goàm

a foot

[ft]

(sing) ≈ 0.30 meters


include [wn’klud]


feet

[fit]

(pl)

•

[k’twvwtw ]

common [‘kYmcn]

[fkt]

(adv) thaät ra

He looked honest, in fact he was a thief. (v)

consist of

My family consists of five members.

foreign language [‘fr]rcn ‘lηgww®] (n) ngoaïi ngöõ

light

frequently [’frwkwcntlw] (adv) regularly


sunlight [‘snlawt] (n)

aùnh saùng maët trôøi

honestly

loft

gaùc xeùp

[‘Yncstlw]


honesty (n)

(adv) thaønh thaät; thaúng thaéng; löông thieän

[lawt] [lYft]

go through[›ru]

(n,a) aùnh saùng; saùng ≠ dark (n)

(pre) experience - traûi qua

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•

honest (a)

•

To be honest I don’t want to come here.

main job

He’s gone through difficult time recently. [mewn ®Yb] 

meteorologist [,mitwc‘r]lc®wst] (n) nhaân vieân khí töôïng

time zone [zon]

meteorology [,mitwc‘r]lc®w]


real time zone

(n) khí töôïng hoïc

musical skills [‘myuzwkl skwlz]  kyõ naêng veà aâm nhaïc

for fun

normal

•

(a) bình thöôøng

[‘n]rml]

coâng vieäc chính

(n) muùi giôø  cho vui

[fn]

I play cards for fun not for money

observation [Ybzf’vew•n] (n) quan saùt

for a whole year

 suoát naêm


observe [Yb’zfv]

all my own [on]

 cuûa rieâng toâi

(v) take observation

The room is small but it is all my own.

population [pYpyu’lew•n] (n) daân soá

•

record

a wide range [wawd rewn®]

 nhieàu loaïi, kieåu

a wide variety of experience

 kinh nghieäm ña

•

(v) löu laïi; löu tröõ

[rw’k]rd]

record information

several

[‘sevcrcl]

special

[‘spe•l ]

(a) ñaëc bieät

take classes [‘klsws]



thousand

(n)

[‘›aznd]

theo hoïc caùc lôùp

daïng, phong phuù

[vc’rawctw wk’spwcrwcns]

(a, pro) a few

work the night shift [•wft] volley

[‘vYlw]

volleybag [‘vYlwbg]

 laøm ca ñeâm tung, haát, neùm…

(n,v) (n)

•

a thousand books

= 1,000 books

volunteer [,vYlcn’twr] (v,n)

•

2 thousand books

= 2,000 books

yoga

[‘yogc]

•

thousands of books = 2,000; 3,000 … books

North Pole

[n]r› pol] 

Baéc Cöïc

South Pole New Zealand

[•a› pol]  [n ‘zilcnd]

Nam CÖÏc

9.

(n)

VOCABULARY

iron

[‘awcn or ‘awrn] (n,v) caùi baøn uûi; uûi ñoà

laundry

[‘l]ndrw]

yard

[yYrd]


do yard work

[U}

ñoà ñem giaët uûi

wash / do the dishes [‘dw•ws]  röûa cheùn baùt pay bills

•

There isn’t much laundry to do today.


paid, paid [pewd]

do the laundry

mop

[mYp]

(v,n) lau nhaø baèng caây

sweep

[swip]

(v)

vacuum

garden

tieäm giaët uûi

Sent dirty clothes to the laundry.


swept, swept

(n)

[C]

•




tình nguyeän

 traû tieàn hoùa ñôn

[pew bwlz] (sp; pp)

queùt nhaø

(sp; pp)

[‘vkyucm] (v)

huùt buïi baèng maùy


vacuum cleaner

(n)

rug

[rg]

(n)

thaûm chuøi chaân

carpet

[‘kYrpwt]

(n)

thaûm loùt saøn

garbage

[‘gYrbw®] [U]

trash; rubbish – raùc page 4

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take out the garbage

11.

LISTENING

lots of fun (a lot of fun)  nhieàu nieàm vui

annoying [c’n]wwη]

(a)

soccer [‘sYkcr] (Am) (n)

vacation

[vc’kew•n]

(n) holiday

present

[‘preznt]

(n) gift

football (Bri)


Ngöôøi Anh goïi boùng ñaù laø football. Ngöôøi Myõ goïi boùng ñaù laø soccer.

pay taxes [‘tksws]


Ngöôøi Myõ goïi boùng baàu duïc laø football, ngöôøi Anh goïi laø American football

adult

ñoùng thueá



plate

[plewt]

(n)

though

[⊗o]

(adv) duø vaäy; daãu sao

caùi ñóa

bad, worse, the worst (comparative)

[c’dlt; ‘dlt] (n) ngöôøi lôùn

allowance [c’lacns]

especially [e’spe•clw] (adv) nhaát laø trumpet

khoù chòu

recess

[‘trmpct] (n)

(n)

(n) tieàn tieâu vaët

break between classes at

[‘rises or rw’ses] school – giôø chôi

UNIT 2

1. Reading

communication [kcmynw’kew•n] (n) giao tieáp

text messaging  vieäc nhaén tin (treân di ñoäng hay text message affect

communicate

computer)

[’mesw®wη]


effect [w’fekt]

(v)

meaning

[’minwη]

(n) yù nghóa

(v) taùc ñoäng; aûnh höôûng

clash

[kl•]

(n) difference – khaùc bieät

(n)

•

 tin nhaén

[c’fekt]

[kc’mynwkewt]

a clash of meanings

•

Text messaging is affecting language.

destroy

•

It has an effect on language.

embellish [em’belw•[ (v) laøm phong phuù theâm; laøm ñeïp theâm

aspect of vocabulary  hình thaùi töø vöïng


embellishment [em’belw•mcnt[ (n)

[’spekt vo-vc’kbyulerw] create

[krw’ewt]

(v) make smt new - taïo ra, laøm ra

compose [kcm’poz] (v) create – taïo ra/ soaïn (nhaïc) •

compose a new aspect of vocabulary

cell phone [‘selfon]

(n)

clearly

(adv) roõ raøng

[’klwrlw]

[dws’tr]w] (v) phaù hoûng; laøm hö

•

He often embellishes his stories of travel.

•

Her dress is embellished with fresh flowers.

embarrassing [em’bercswη] (a) boái roái; ngöôïng nguøng
embarrassment [em’bercsmcnt] (n)

mobile phone

evolve

[w’vYlv]

(v) tieán trieån; phaùt trieån


evolution [evc’l•n] (n)

constantly [’kYnstcnlw] (adv) lieân tuïc

•

come along

exist

 arrive, appear - xuaát hieän; ra ñôøi




The language is constantly evolving. [wg’zwst]

(v) toàn taïi; hieän coù

existing language

page 5

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linguistics [lwη’gwwstwks] (n) ngoân ngöõ hoïc

•

She’s waiting for the right man to come along.

•

When the opportunity comes along, she’ll take it.

expert

[‘ekspcrt]

lead; led; led [lid; led]

(n) chuyeân gia; nhaø chuyeân moân

original [c’rw®cncl] (a) new and interesting - ñoäc ñaùo

(v) daãn tôùi ; gaây ra

•

This mistake could lead to great embarrassment.

•

misunderstanding

professor [prc’fescr] (n) giaùo sö

söï hieåu laàm

(n)

misunderstand (v) misunderstood (sp; pp)




a medium [’midwcm]

(sing) phöông tieän truyeàn

mediums or media [’midwc] (pl) mostly

[’mostlw]

thoâng (TV, baùo chí...)

(adv) usually; almost all

•

We are mostly out on Sundays.

•

Mostly they are teenaged.

[pres]

(v) nhaán (nuùt)

playful

[’plewfl]

(a) vui veû; thích ñuøa chôi

•

My cat is playful.

•

It is a new kind of playful communication.

rule

[rl]

(n)

quy luaät; quy taéc

rush

[r•]

(v)

go quickly

He always rushes to school.

shorthand [’•]rt hnd] (n) toác kyù

What is happening to good old-fashioned English?

2.

press

•

old-fashioned [’f•cnd] (a) truyeàn thoáng; chuaån •

Mostly words in text messages are original.

GRAMMAR

Present continuous describes 1. an action happening right now / at the moment of speaking. (haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn ra ôû hieän taïi ngay luùc noùi)

•

The phone is ringing. Can you answer it?

•

It’s raining, so take an umbrella.

2. an action happening around now.

•

He’s studying French this year.

•

We’re working on a new project this month.

•

Language is changing all the time.

(haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn ra trong moät khoaûng thôøi gian nhaát ñònh ôû hieän taïi nhöng khoâng nhaát thieát ngay luùc noùi) 3. a changing or developing situation (traïng thaùi hay tình hình ñang chuyeån bieán ôû hieän taïi) 4. an arrangement or future plan; usually time and place are decided. (haønh ñoäng saép dieãn ra ôû töông lai theo nhö keá hoaïch; yù ñònh; thöôøng thì nôi choán vaø thôøi gian ñaõ ñöôïc saép xeáp.)

4.

• The weather is getting hotter these days. •

They are leaving for Madrid next Monday.

•

Elise is having a party on Friday at 9 p.m.

LISTENING

consonant [’kYnscncnt]

(n) phuï aâm

fabulous

[’fbyulcs]

(a) very rich

vowel

[’vaol]

(n) nguyeân aâm

guess

[ges]

(v) think

curiosity

[kyurw’Ysctw]

(n) söï toø moø

hectic

[’hektwk]

(a) busy


curious [’kyurwcs]

(a)

imagination [wmd¦w’new•n] (n) söï töôûng töôïng

expression [wk’spre•n]

(n) thaønh ngöõ

imagine

[w’md¦wn]

(v)

forward(s) [’f]rwcrd(z)]

(adv) phía tröôùc

phrase

[frewz]

(n) group of words – cuïm töø

≠ backward(s) •

Look forward / Go straight forward

pronounce [pro’nas]


(v) phaùt aâm

pronunciation [prcnnsw’ew•n] (n)

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•

strength

From now forward.

flabbergasted [’flbcrgstwd]

(a) surprised




strong

[streη›]

(n) söùc maïnh

[strYη]

(a)

5. VOCABULARY

Verb + Suffix = Noun achieve

[c’±wv]

achievement

[c’±wvmcnt]

(thaønh tích) – I’ve achieved half of what I hoped to do.

excite

[wk’sawt]

excitement

[wk’sawtmcnt]

(phaán khích – Football excites most people.

govern

[’gvcrn]

government

[’gvcrnmcnt]

(chính phuû) – What the country needs is a strong government.

manage [’mnwd¦] management

[’mnwd¦mcnt] (quaûn lyù ) – The business is under new management.

embarrass[em’bercs] embarrassment [em’bercsmcnt] (boái roái, ngöôïng nguøng) – I was embarrassed by his comments. celebrate [‘selcbrewt] celebration

[selc’brew•n]

(aên möøng) – They celebrated their achievements.

educate

[‘ed¦kewt] education

[ed¦’kew•n]

(giaùo duïc) – She was educated at a well-known school.

explore

[wk’spl]r]

[wkspl]’rew•n]

(thaùm hieåm) – Columbus discovered America but didn’t explore it.

[wmd¦w’new•n]

(töôûng töôïng) – Use your imagination to solve this problem.

exploration

imagine [w’m®wn] imagination translate [trns’lewt] translation

[trns’lew•n]

(dòch) – Translate this article into English

Adjective + Suffix = Noun curious

[‘kyrwcs] curiosity

creative [kri’ewtwv] creativity

[kyrw’Ysctw]

(toø moø) – He’s a curious boy who is always asking questions.

[kriew’twvwtw]

(saùng taïo )– It is creative writing.

possible [‘pYscbl] possibility [pYsc’bwlctw]

(coù theå) – Is there any possibility that we’ll see you this weekend?

probable [‘prYbcbl] probability [prbc’bwlctw]

(coù theå) – There is little probability of his success.

similar

[‘swmclcr] similarity

[swmc’lrctw]

(töông töï) – Their house is similar to ours, but ours has a bigger garden.

stupid

[‘stpwd] stupidity

[st’pwdctw]

(ngu xuaån) – I don’t want to hear your stupid story any way!

sad

[sd]

sadness

[‘sdncs]

(buoàn )– He couldn’t express his feelings of sadness to his mother.

sleepy

[‘slipw]

sleepiness [’slipwncs]

(buoàn nguû) – The beer makes me sleepy.

dark

[dYrk]

darkness

[‘dYrkn cs]

(boùng toái )– The room was in complete darkness.

good

[gd]

goodness

[‘gdncs]

(loøng toát, söï töû teá) – Her goodness to her parents moved us deeply.

happy

[‘hpw]

happiness [‘hpwncs]

(haïnh phuùc) – Happiness is a shy bird. If you hunt it, it’ll fly away.

kind

[kawnd]

kindness

(nhaân töø; toát buïng) – She always shows kindness to animals

[‘kawndncs]

9. READING

Article page 7

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synesthesia [swncs’›w¦c] (n) chöùng loaïn giaùc quan [senz] (n) giaùc quan sense orderly [‘]rdclw] (a) traät töï, ngaên naép • orderly bookshelf; orderly senses (n,v) 1. coù kinh nghieäm; traûi qua experience [wk’spwrwcns] 2. feel smt – caûm nhaän • People do not have the same experience. eye • Most of us experience the world through orderly senses. mix [mwks] (v) keát hôïp; troän laãn • Mix the egg and milk. • For some people two or more senses mix together. phenomenon [fc’nYmcnYn] (n) hieän töôïng


phenomena [fc’nYmcnc]

(pl)

(see smt) as colored  (thaáy caùi gì) coù nhieàu maøu [‘klcrd] shape [•ewp] (n) hình daïng

art

[Yrt]

artist

[‘Yrtwst] (n)

(n)

ngheä thuaät ngheä só; hoïa só

artistic [Yr’twstwk] (a) gioûi ngheä thuaät; coù oùc thaåm myõ •

He has an artistic eye.

artistically [Yr’twstwkclw] (adv) veà ngheä thuaät gifted •

[‘gwf twd]

coù taøi; coù naêng khieáu

(a)

an artistically gifted student

ear at times . . . . while at other times. . .

 coù khi thì…. coù khi thì… •

At times he feels as high as a kite, while at other times everything seems to bore him to death

simply •

[‘swmplw] (adv) ñôn giaûn laø; chæ laø

Often, synesthetic people were simply not believed at all.

century

[‘sen±crw] (n)

100 years – theá kyû

researcher [‘riscr±cr] (n) nhaø nghieân cöùu research [‘riscr±] (n,v) nghieân cöùu identify [aw’dentwfaw] (v) nhaän daïng • Can you identify the robber who attacked you?

musical note [‘myuzwkl not]  noát nhaïc

identification [awdentwfw’kew•n] (n) pickle [‘pwkl] (n) döa chua [‘æspekt] (n) moät khía caïnh; moät maët aspect • an aspect of a phonomenon highlight

[‘hawlawt]

(n) neùt vieàn thöôøng khaùc

record

•

He has lost all sensation in his legs.

[‘nYvl]

(n) tieåu thuyeát

novelist

[‘nYvlwst]

(n) person who writes novels

common

[‘kYmcn]

(a)

•

beyond

describe •

[dws’krawb]

illness [‘wlncs] (n) ill [wl] (a)

sickness; disease [dw’ziz] sick; unhealthy - beänh

view

think of – xem; coi nhö

[vyu]

(v)

Synesthesia was viewed as an illness.

[bw’yYnd]

(pre) ngoaøi … ra

He has nothing beyond his old bicycle. (n) nhaø khoa hoïc nghieân cöùu veà naõo boä

[,nuro’sawcntwst] come to pass •

usual – thoâng thöôøng

Synesthesia is more common in women than men.

neuroscientist

People with synesthesia described their symptoms for more than 200 years.

description of smt/ smb [dws’krwp•n] (n)

•

•

(v) moâ taû; giaûi thích

(n) daïng, kieåu khaùc nhau

novel

symptom

Headache is a symptom of a cold.

[vc’rawctw]

They recorded the variety of those sensations.

pale yellow [pewl ‘yelo] (a) vaøng lôït •

1. ghi cheùp; löu

sensation [sen’sew•n] (n) caûm giaùc variety

[‘swmptcm] (n) trieäu chöùng; daáu hieäu

(v)

2. thu aâm; thu hình •

maøu ñeå laøm noåi (chöõ)

[rw’k]rd]

(v)

happen

It’s a real experience but we don’t know how it comes to pass.

Vladimir Nabokov [‘vlædcmwr ‘nYbck]f] Grosenbacher

[groscn’bYkcr]

page 8

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Basic Shapes

square [skwer]

10. explain

rectangle, rectangular

triangle,

[‘rektæηgl; rek’tæηgylcr]

triangular

round

[‘trawæηgl; traw’æηgylcr] [rand]

LISTENING particular

[pc‘twkylc]

(a)


explanation [wksplew’new•n] (n)

image

[‘wmew®]

(n) hình aûnh

mainly

[‘mewnlw] (adv) mostly – phaàn lôùn

curtain

[’kcrtn]

(n)

affect

[c‘fekt]

(v) aûnh höôûng; taùc ñoäng

gloomy

[‘glumw]

(a) (maøu) toái


effect

[w’fekt]

(n)

velvet

[‘velvwt]

(n)

vaûi nhung

related

[rw’lewtwd] (a) lieân quan; keát hôïp

stage

[stew®]

(n)

saân khaáu

specific

[spc’swfik] (a) cuï theå; rieâng bieät

ballet

[‘blew]

(n)

[wk‘splewn] (v) giaûi thích

rieâng bieät maøn cöûa

combination [kZmbw‘new•n] (n) keát hôïp

association [csosw’ew•n] (n) söï lieân töôûng


combine [kcm’bawn] (v)




associate [c‘so•wewt] (v)

lilac

[‘lawlck]

(n)

hoàng tím

probably

[‘prYbclw] (adv) coù theå

cloud

[klad]

[U, C]

maây; ñaùm maây

remind

[rw‘mawnd] (v)

though

[⊗o]

(adv)

tuy nhieân

sky

[skaw]

specific

[spc’swfwk]

(a)

roõ; chính xaùc

rainy skies [skawz]

[pl] caûnh trôøi möa

(n)

toâng maøu xanh

great fun



shade of blue [•ewd]

11.

[fn]

nhaéc; gôïi nhôù

(n) baàu trôøi nieàm sung söôùng

GRAMMAR


ACTION VERBS dieãn taû haønh ñoäng, coù theå ôû daïng tieáp dieãn: eat, run, play, study… • I am eating some soup now. I eat soup very often. • He is a good runner. He runs fast. He isn’t running right now. He’s playing ball.

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STATIVE VERBS (NON-ACTION VERBS) dieãn taû traïng thaùi, tình traïng khoâng duøng ôû thì tieáp dieãn. understand know believe belong forget remember

like I like music. (NOT: I am liking music) love You don’t love her. hate She hates him. need I need you. want John wants a big house.

I don’t understand you. Do you know the answer? I don’t believe my eyes. The new car belongs to my brother. I sometimes forget his name. Do you remember your first schoolday?


Moät soá VERBS vöøa laø ACTION VERBS vöøa laø STATIVE VERBS vôùi yù nghóa coù khaùc nhau: ACTION VERBS have

STATIVE (NON-ACTION) VERBS




I sometimes have problems with my car.




I have a new car.




They are having breakfast.




She has bule eyes and a straight nose.




Have a good time.




They have a daughter and two sons.




I thought of the last holiday.




I think you are right.




I’m thinking about him.




Do you think animals ever feel sad?




He sometimes looks at his watch.




He looked angry.




He is looking at me.




They look like their mother.




He felt his hands.




His hands felt cold.




The doctor is feeling my forehead.




My forehead feels hot.




He is tasting the milk.




The milk tasted sour.




He tasted the soup.




The soup tasted sweet.

smell (smelled or smelt)




He is smelling the flowers.




The flowers smell good.




I smelled the cake.




The cake smelled burning.

sound




Let’s sound the “s” in “style”.




The alarm sounds loud.




He is sounding the horn.




You sound angry.

think

look

feel, felt

taste

*** Moät soá thaønh ngöõ vôùi have a holiday/ vaction have a good trip have a nice weekend have a good time

HAVE vôùi yù nghóa laø action verbs have a party have trouble have a lesson have a problem have a meeting have a bath / shower

have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner have soup/ some chicken have a cup of coffee...

UNIT 3

1. Listening

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independently [wndw’pendcntlw] (adv) ñoäc laäp

finally

[‘fawnclw]

(adv) cuoái cuøng

mainly

[‘mewnlw]

(adv) chính yeáu; chuû yeáu

actually

[‘æk±clw]

(av) in fact - thaät söï

screenplay

[’skrwnplew]

(n)

kòch baûn

casting

[’kæstwη]

(n)

phaân vai

feature film

[‘fi±c]

(n)

fim chính

shooting

[’•utwη]

(n)

quay fim

impressive

[wm’preswv]

(a)

gaây aán töôïng


shoot, shot

(v)

support myself [sc’p]rt]



töï nuoâi mình

edit

[’edwt]

(v)

bieân taäp

quit, quit, quit

(v)

stop; give up


editor

[‘edwtcr]

(n)

nh.vieân bieân taäp

process

[‘prYses]

(n)

quy trình

frustrating

[’frstrewtwη]

(a)

naûn loøng; chaùn

(v)

laøm naûn loøng

pretty

[’prwtw]

(adv) rather

low-level jobs



response



frustrate [’frstrewt]

(khoâng caàn kyõ thuaät cao)

[lo ‘levl] tiring

coâng vieäc giaûn ñôn

[’tawrwη]

(a) meät moûi

extremely

[rw’spYns]

(n) reply, answer

progress

respond [rw’spYnd] (v)

end up (doing smt)

[wk’strwmlw] (adv)

very tieán trieån; tieán boä

(v,n)

[’progres; ’prYgres] in progress  ñang tieán trieån

 roát cuoäc phaûi laøm gì

schedule

[’ske®l] (n)

definitely

[’defwnwtlw] (adv) chaéc chaén

otherwise

lòch hoaït ñoäng

[’cwawz] (conj) neáu khoâng vaäy thì

2 & 9. Vocabulary animated movie [’nw,mewtwd ‘mvw] hoaït hình

science fiction [‘sawcns ‘fwk•n] khoa hoïc vieãn töôûng

action movie

fim haønh ñoäng,

serial

[‘sirwcl]

(n) fim/ truyeän nhieàu kyø/ taäp

maïo hieåm

myth

[mi›]

(n) fim thaàn thoaïi

[’k•n]

adventure movie [cd’ven±cr] classic

[‘klswk]

taùc phaåm kinh ñieån

western

[’westcrn] (n) cowboy film

cartoon

[kYr’tun]

fim hoaït hình; truyeän tranh

drawing

[‘dr]wη]

comedy

[‘kYmcdw]

haøi kòch; fim haøi


draw, drew, drawn [dr], dru, dr]n]

(n) hình veõ

documentary [dYky’mentcrw] fim taøi lieäu

blood

[bld]

(n) maùu

drama

[’drYr -‘drmc] play - kòch

ghost

[gost]

(n) ma; oan hoàn

mystery

[’mwstcrw]

thriller

[’›rwlcr]

fim hình söï; giaùn ñieäp…

crazy

[‘krewzw]

thrilling

[’›rwlwη]

stirring

[‘stcrwη]



mieàn Taây Hoang Daõ (USA)

[wawld west]

fim kinh dò 

(n) thieân haø

[‘glcsw]

the Wild West

horror movie [’h]rcr] love story

galaxy

fim tình caûm

(fim) kyø thuù; ly kyø gaây caán; haøo höùng

dull

[dl]

boring; uninteresting

tedious

[‘tidwcs]

nhaøm chaùn

old-fashioned [old’f•n]

cuõ; xöa; loãi thôøi

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breathtaking [‘bre›tewkwη] hoài hoäp

scary

[’skerw]

hair-raising [‘rewzwη]

döïng toùc gaùy

unrealistic

[nrwc‘lwstwk] khoâng hieän thöïc; phi thöïc teá

exceptional [wk’sep•cnl]

xuaát chuùng; xuaát saéc

≠ realistic

[nrwc‘lwstwk] hieän thöïc

violent

[’vawc lcnt]

superb

[sc‘pcrb]

tense

[tens]

violence [’vawc lcns]

caêng thaúng; aâu lo

Moät soá verbs chæ taâm traïng, caûm giaùc, caûm xuùc coù theå cho hai loaïi adjectives:
loaïi theâm –ing sau ñoäng töø mang tính chuû ñoäng

+

ing

=

boring

bore

+

ed

=

bored

(2) surprise +

ing

=

surprising

surprise +

ed

=

surprised

(n)

(1)

I have heard all his stories before. His stories bore me. His stories are boring. I’m bored with his stories.

ADJECTIVES

(1) bore

baïo löïc

Examples:


loaïi theâm –ed sau ñoäng töø mang tính bò ñoäng VERB

gheâ rôïn; haõi huøng

(2)

The ending of the film surprises the viewers. The ending is surprising. The viewers feel surprised by the ending.

COMMON –ED AND –ING ADJECTIVES astonish

[c’tYnw•]

ngaïc nhieân

He was astonished when he heard the news. There is an astonishing number of the viewers of the movie.

confuse

[kcn’fyuz]

nhaàm laãn; gaây khoù hieåu

Don’t confuse Austria with Australia. The translation in this film is

confusing. I’m confused by the translation.

disappoint [dwsc’p]wnt]

laøm thaát voïng

I’ve been often disappointed in love. My love is disappointing.

excite

[wk’sawt]

gaây thích thuù; haøo höùng

Children are excited about going to the circus. Circus is exciting.

fascinate

[’fsc,newt]

haáp daãn; cuoán huùt

The emcee had a fascinating voice. We were fascinated by the thriller.

frustrate

[‘frstrewt]

laøm naûn loøng; naûn chí

The bad weather frustrated the film makers. He is a frustrated actor.

interest

[‘wntrcst]

gaây quan taâm; thích thuù

Cinderella film was interesting. I was interested in Tom and Jerry.

relax

[rw’lks]

thö giaõn; deã chòu

Do you need a relaxing holiday? She felt relaxed

tire

[tawr]

laøm meät moûi

Watching TV too much is tiring. Football tires me. I’m tired of her.

frighten

[‘frawtn]

scare terrify

[sker] [‘terwfaw]

Horror films frighten me. Ghosts are frightening. I’m frightened of

gaây sôï haõi

ghosts.

gaây sôï cheát khieáp

Blood from his head scared the girl. She was scared of blood. Ghost

laøm khieáp ñaûm

stories are scary. Dinosaurs terrify some children. Dinosaurs look terrifying. Some adults are also terrified of dinosaurs. page 12

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3. Grammar

yet duøng trong caâu hoûi hoaëc phuû ñònh vôùi present perfect

•

already duøng trong caâu khaúng ñònh vôùi present perfect

•

Have you had

breakfast

yet?

Have you done

your homework yet?

Have you cleaned the floor

yet?

I haven’t had breakfast

yet.

I haven’t done my homework

yet.

I haven’t cleaned the floor

yet.

Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Not yet

I’ve already had breakfast.

I’ve had breakfast

already.

I’ve already done my homework.

I’ve done my homework already.

I’ve already cleaned the floor.

I’ve cleaned the floor

already.

* already coù theå ñöùng ôû cuoái meänh ñeà ñeå nhaán maïnh still duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh vôùi present perfect

•

I still haven’t had

breakfast.

I still haven’t done

my homework.

I still haven’t cleaned the floor.

•

PRESENT SIMPLE

still coù theå duøng trong caâu khaúng ñònh hoaëc caâu hoûi vôùi caùc thì khaùc.

    

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

He is

still here. Are you still angry with me? She still walks to work. I still can’t do it. She still doesn’t read and write.

 He’s still working.  I’m still

hoping a letter from her.

6. Writing

genuine •

thaät söï; chaân chính

a genuine diamond / classic

rear •

[’®enyuwn] (a)

[rwr]

(a,n) phía sau; haäu

rear window

 toaøn boä caâu chuyeän

take place



within

[‘vyucr]

(n) ngöôøi xem

character

[‘krcktcr]

(n) nhaân vaät; vai dieãn

James plays the character of Jeff.

2. ñieåm quan saùt They didn’t want to give me the job because I am too old. I see their viewpoint.

•

apartment

[c’pYrtmcnt] (n) caên hoä

pass the time notice

(n)

 [’notws]

I found out a good viewpoint for the baseball.

•

[’fotcgrf]

gieát thôøi gian

(v) ñeå yù thaáy

strange event [strewn® w’vent]  söï kieän laï luøng

(pre) trong phaïm vi

viewpoint [‘vyu p]wnt ] (n) 1. quan ñieåm

photographer [fc’t]grcfcr] (n) nhaø nhieáp aûnh photograph

[‘wwwn]

happen – dieãn ra

What can you see within view of your classroom?

•

viewer

•

entire story [en’tawr]

even •

[’ivn ]

thaäm chí

Even a child can understand it.

stand out •

(adv)

(v) gaây söï chuù yù; noåi baät; noåi tieáng

This movie stands out as the best of its type.

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murderer

[‘mdcrcr ] (n) saùt nhaân


murder [‘mdcr]

(n,v) möu saùt; aùm saùt

acting

[’ktwη] (n) loái dieãn (cuûa dieãn vieân)


act

[kt]

(v)

possible love interest [‘wntrcst]  ngöôøi yeâu

whether …… or……

trap

[trp] (n,v) giaêng baãy (baét ai)

•

aspect

[’spekt]  khía caïnh; yeáu toá

(conj) duø laø …. hay la ø…

Whether you are rich or poor, you are welcome here.

pleasure

[’ple¥cr] (n)

nieàm vui; söï vui thích

deep suggestion [sc‘®es±n] human nature

(n) yù töôûng saâu saéc

[’hyumcn ‘new±c] (n) nhaân baûn

8. Listening

extra

[’ekstrc]

glamorous [‘glmcrcs] (a) patient

[’pew•nt]

pretend [prw’tend] (v) giaû vôø; laøm boä

haáp daãn

it was kind of funny [‘fnw]

(a) kieân nhaãn

the whole time



scene

(n) caûnh trong fim

[sin]

microphone [’mawkrcfon] (n)

(n) dieãn vieân phuï

 chuyeän ñoù cuõng khoâi haøi laém

moïi luùc

a background person  vai phuï laøm neàn cho 1 caûnh quay

[’bkgrand ‘pcrsn]

actually [‘k±clw] (adv) allow

[c’la]

(v)

curly hair [’kcrlw her]

(n)

though

(adv) tuy vaäy

[⊗o]

definitely [‘defwnctlw] sitcom [’swtkYm]

thaät söï

toùc quaên

(adv) certainly (n) comedy

cho pheùp

10. Grammar Positive:

Negative:

Söï baét buoäc hay caàn thieát (obligation) phaûi laøm gì:
need / have to / must (must khoâng ñi vôùi to)

You need to be patient.

You don’t


Mustn’t dieãn taû söï caám ñoaùn

Do I need to do the chores? Do I have to bring my book? Does she have to visit him? Must I wear a uniform?

You have to be patient. She has to be patient. You must

be patient.

need to contact You don’t have to contact She doesn’t have to contact You mustn’t contact

him. him. him. him.

Questions Yes, you do

/ No, you don’t.

Yes, you do

/ No, you don’t.

Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t. Yes, you must / No, you don’t have to. No, you mustn’t.


Must khoâng coù hình thöùc quaù khöù, coù theå söû duïng had to thay theá

Positive:

Negative:

You needed to be patient.

You didn’t need to contact

him.

You had to be patient.

You didn’t have to contact

him.

She had to be patient.

She didn’t have to contact

him.

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Questions

Did I

need to do the chores?

Yes, you did

/ No, you didn’t.

Did I

have to bring my book?

Yes, you did

/ No, you didn’t.

Did she have to visit him?

Yes, she did / No, she didn’t.

Did I

Yes, you did / No, you didn’t.

have to wear a uniform?

Söï xin pheùp (permission): allow

She doesn’t allow

She doesn’t allow us to smoke in her house.

 allow doing smt

Active



allow smb to do smt



(be) allowed to do smt

Passive

Smoking isn’t allowed in her house. We aren’t allowed to smoke in her house.

Positive: I’m

smoking in her house.

Negative:

allowed to go

She’s allowed to be

out

I’m not

allowed to come home after 10.

late for work.

She isn’t

allowed to take

You’re allowed to relax every an hour. Questions:

Am I

You aren’t allowed to bring

allowed to smoke here?

tea break a dog.

Yes, you are / No, you aren’t.

Is she allowed to watch love movies?

Yes, she is / No, she isn’t.

Are you allowed to play

Yes, you are / No, you aren’t.

games online?

11. Reading

attraction

[c’trk•n]

(n) thu huùt; haáp daãn

research study

(n) nghieân cöùu


attract

[c’trkt]

(v)

sense of relaxation

(n) caûm giaùc thö giaõn


attractive [c’trktwv](a) clue continue

[kcn’twnyu]

concentrate [‘kYnsntrewt]

(n)improvement [wm’prvmcnt] (n) söï caûi thieän

[kl]

(v) tieáp tuïc


improve

[wm’prv](v)

(v) taäp trung

mood

[md]

(n) taâm traïng

in good mood ≠ in bad mood


concentration [,kYnsn’trew•n] (n)




commonly

[‘kYmcnlw]

(adv) usually

poll

[pol]

contrast

[‘kYntrst]

(n) söï traùi ngöôïc

passive

[‘pswv] (a) thuï ñoäng



He looked quiet in class. In contrast, he was really talkative and funny.

energy

[‘enc®w]

(n) naêng löôïng

(n) khaûo saùt trong daân chuùng


passivity [p’swvctw] (n) participant [pYr’twscpcnt] (n) ngöôøi tham gia
participate [pYr’twscpewt] (v) tham gia


energetic [enc’®etwk] (a) full of energy

 They’ve participated in the poll.

a great deal [dil]

satisfaction [stws’fk•n] (n) söï haøi loøng

(idiom) much; a lot

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spend a great deal of money


satisfactory [stws’fktcrw] (a)


take a great deal of trouble



irony

teenager [‘tinew®cr] (n) a child from 13 -19 years old

[‘awrcnw] (n) mæa mai; trôù treâu

rewarding [rw’w]rdwη] (a) ñaùng laøm; ñaùng xem….

a satisfactory job

thus

(adv) vì vaäy; keát quaû laø

[⊗s]


a rewarding film/ book/ trip
Gardening is a rewarding pastime.

area


psychologist

(n) lónh vöïc

[‘ærwc]

arithmetic [c’rw›mctwk] (n) moân soá hoïc couch potato criticism

responsible



most time watching TV

[rws‘pYnscbl] (a)

coù traùch nhieäm;

partly responsible for smt


responsibility [rws‘pYnscbwlctw] (n)

pheâ bình; chæ trích

[‘krwtwswzcm] (n)

nhaø taâm lyù hoïc

[saw’kYlc®wst]

 a person who spends

[ka± pc’tewto]

(n)


criticize [‘krwtwsawz]

(v)

smart

[smYrt]

(a) intelligent [wn’telw®cnt]

creatively [krw’ewtwvlw]

(adv) moät caùch saùng taïo

solve

[sYlv]

(v) giaûi (toaùn); giaûi quyeát (vaán ñeà)

evidence

[‘evwdcns]

(n)

chöùng côù; baèng chöùng

steadily [‘stdwlw] (adv) ñeàu ñaën

fact

[fkt]

(n)

söï kieän

theory

finding

[‘fawndwη]

(n)

result – keát quaû

as a result (formal)  laø ñieàu taát yeáu; keát quaû laø

image

[‘wmew®]

(n)

picture



literacy

[‘lwtcrcsw or ‘lwtrcsw] (n)

1. ability to read and write – bieát ñoïc bieát vieát 2. skill in a subject – kyõ naêng visual

 

[‘vw¦cl]

(a) veà hình aûnh

visual literacy – kyõ naêng nhaän bieát veà hình aûnh visual problems – baøi toaùn / caâu ñoá veà hình aûnh

partly

[‘pYtlw]

(adv) moät phaàn naøo ñoù

IQ

[‘›wcrw]

(n) lyù thuyeát; hoïc thuyeát

Examinations are so decisive that students usually feel tense as a result. (abbr)  intelligence quotient [‘kwo•nt]

such as

 for example

in line with  phuø hôïp; nhaát quaùn vôùi



What she said wasn’t in line with what she had done

human species (sing; pl)  human being / humankind [‘hyumcn ‘spw•wz or ‘spwswz] loaøi ngöôøi; con ngöôøi

psychology [saw’kYlc®w] (n) taâm lyù hoïc

GRAMMAR REVIEW have/ has + past participle ( V-ed / V3 )

 PRESENT PERFECT expresses an action that happened in the past with indefinite time – time


I’ve been to Nha Trang twice. page 16

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expressions: once, twice, three times, several times… (HIEÄN TAÏI HOAØN THAØNH dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra trong quaù khöù vôùi thôøi gian khoâng xaùc ñònh – töø ngöõ thôøi gian: moät laàn, hai laàn, ba laàn, nhieàu laàn….)


My father’s visited my sister several times.
We’ve eaten this dish once.

Recently they have seen a UFO. They’ve just cleaned the house. The students have already learned about it. Robert hasn’t done his homework yet. My boss has gone to Bali. He’s not here now.

 PRESENT PERFECT expresses an action that happened in the past with indefinite time – time expressions (if any) : recently, lately, just, already, yet








 PRESENT PERFECT expresses an action that began in the past and with a result of the action which is completed up to the present (HIEÄN TAÏI HOAØN THAØNH dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ baêt ñaàu töø trong quaù khöù vaø laøm ñöôïc moät keát quaû naøo ñoù tính tôùi thôøi ñieåm ôû hieän taïi)


I have read 400 pages of this book so far.
She has typed 4 letters until now.
We have done 2 reports.
How much money have they saved?
How many words have you learned?

 PRESENT PERFECT expresses an action that began in the past and completed up to the present with a


I’ve been a receptionist for 2 years.

period of time up to the present.


They’ve had the house since 1890.

(HIEÄN TAÏI HOAØN THAØNH dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ baêt ñaàu
We haven’t seen him since he left for Paris. töø trong quaù khöù ñöôïc 1 khoaûng thôøi gian naøo ñoù tính




I’ve studied English in the last 2 years.

tôùi thôøi ñieåm ôû hieän taïi)

• Time expressions [if any]: (Töø ngöõ thôøi gian [coù khi ñöôïc hieåu ngaàm]): so far = until now (cho tôùi giôø), since (töø khi…. cho tôùi giôø), for ( khoaûng … )

UNIT 4

1. LISTENING

page 17

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(n) memory


[’memcrw ]

(v) hurt; hurt [hfrt]

trí nhôù

memorize [’memcrawz] nhôù; thuoäc

(v) ruin

laøm ñau

(n) ankle

[’ηkl] maét caù chaân

 happen

(n) the rest

[rest]

[ski]

(n) lodge

[lY®] nhaø troï

[‘ruwn]

laøm hoûng

(n) decoration [dekc‘rew•n] trang trí


decorate

[’dekcrewt]

(v) come over  visit (v)

go on

(n,v) ski



ski trip

phaàn coøn laïi

(v) forget; forgot; forgotten [fc’get; fc’gYt; fc’gYtn] (n) guy

[gaw]

man

3. GRAMMAR

FORMATION: was / were + verb-ing USE: (1) Past Continuous expresses an action in progress at a definite time in the past. (Past Continuous dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn tieán ôû 1 thôøi ñieåm xaùc ñònh trong quaù khöù) (2) Past Continuous expresses actions in progress in a background to a story. (Past Continuous dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn tieán trong boái caûnh cuûa caâu chuyeän)

  

I was listening to music at 2 yesterday afternoon. She wasn’t sleeping at that time. What were you doing at midnight two days ago?



Last night when I was trying to concentrate on my study, my roommates were chatting and playing the radio noisily.



It was a beautiful day. The sun was shining, and we

were getting ready for our ski trip. Everyone was having a lot of fun.

(3) Past Continuous and Past Simple are used together expressing a past action in progress interrupted by another past action. (Past Continuous vaø Past Simple ñöôïc söû duïng cuøng vôùi nhau trong caâu, dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn tieán thì bò giaùn ñoaïn bôûi haønh ñoäng khaùc cuõng trong quaù khöù)







I was standing at the top of the hill when someone ran into me. When I was standing at the top of the hill, someone ran into me. You came in the door when we were putting up decorations for the party. When you came in the door, we were putting up decorations for the party. When she arrived at the party, everyone was talking about her.

page 18

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She arrived at the party when everyone was talking about her.

5. READING

Franco Magnani [‘frηko mYn’yYnw]

(n) scene

Pontito

[pon’twto]

(n) native village [‘newtwv ‘vwlw®]  queâ nhaø

(a) accurate

[’kyurewt]

(a) surprising

[sc’prawzwη] amazing – ngaïc nhieân

chính xaùc


(adv) surprisingly [sc’prawzwηlw] (adv) entirely

[en’talw]

(a) unable •

•

[‘fokcs]

tieâu ñieåm; taâm ñieåm

(a) pleasant

[‘pleznt]

vui veû, deã chòu, thích thuù

a pleasant evening / street / memory

toaøn boä; toaøn theå

 

khoâng coù theå (laøm gì)

(v) remind

a pleasant man [rw’mawnd]

nhaéc nhôû; gôïi nhôù



The song reminds me of a pleasant evening in a

(a) urgent

coffee shop where I met her for the first time.

(adv) immediately [w’mwdwctlw] right away; at once

[®]w]

great happiness – sung söôùng

Her daughter is a great joy to him.

(n) flash

[flæ•]

(aùnh ñeøn) loùe saùng

(a) certain [‘scrtn] naøo ñoù (khoâng xaùc ñònh)



(n) focus

He was unable to escape the fire.

(n) joy



[n’ewbl]

caûnh trí

[sin]

My mum always reminds me to take care of myself. [‘cr®cnt]

(a) immediate

gaáp; khaån

[w’mwdwct] lieàn, ngay

(a) static

[’sttwk] tónh; yeân (khoâng chuyeån ñoäng)

(v) picture

[‘pwk±cr] remember – nhôù hình aûnh

Could you picture what you were doing at this school for the first time?



a certain scene

(adv) suddenly [’sdnlw] baát ngôø; thình lình

(a) inviting [wn’vawtwη] attractive - quyeán ruõ; haáp daãn


(a) sudden



(n) urgency [‘cr®cnsw] söï thuùc giuïc, thoâi thuùc

(a) dreamy

an inviting painting [’drimw]

mô maøng; thô moäng

7. GRAMMAR

I/. SHORT ADJECTIVES: ADJECTIVES Adjectives with one syllable or two syllables ending with –y (tính töø coù moät vaàn, hoaëc tính töø coù hai vaàn vôùi vaàn thöù hai taän cuøng laø ‘y’) Comparative

Adjective + -er

Examples

cheap

cheaper

Country life is cheaper

than

city life.

warm

warmer

Santiago

than

Chicago in Februry.

is warmer

page 19

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Double the consonant when it follows a vowel (u,e,o,a,i)

hot

hotter

Saigon

is

hotter

than

Hanoi.

big

bigger

Egypt

is

bigger

than

Kenya.

Add –r when it ends with –e

large

larger

Canada

is

larger

than

Vietnam.

nice

nicer

Spring

is

nicer

than

summer.

Change –y into -i

dirty

dirtier

His shoes are dirtier

than

mine.

noisy

noisier

Big cities are noisier

than

small towns.

Irregular Adjective

good

better

Warm weather is

better

than

cold weather.

(Tính töø baát quy taéc)

bad

worse

Cold weather

is

worse

than

warm weather.

far

farther

Her house

is

farther

than

mine.

further

NOTE: (1)

 

with or without “than”?

INCORRECT: Michael is tall. Peter is taller than. CORRECT: OR

Michael is tall. Peter is taller. Peter is taller than Michael.

 objective pronoun: He is taller than me.  clause:

(2) “than” coù theå ñi vôùi

He is taller than I am. She is uglier than she was two years ago.

 word or phrase:

Today is warmer than yesterday. My mind in the morning is sharper than in the evening.

II/. LONG ADJECTIVES: ADJECTIVES Adjectives with more than one syllable (tính töø coù hôn moät vaàn) more (nhieàu hôn) less (ít hôn)

expensive exciting peaceful



is more expensive than

more

expensive

The city

less

expensive

The country is less

more

exciting

The city

less

exciting

The country is less

more

peaceful

less

peaceful

expensive

than

the country. the city.

than

the country.

than

the city

The country is more peaceful

than

the city.

The city

than

the country.

is more exciting

is less

exciting peaceful

These two-syllable adjectives have two forms: -er / more

angry, clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, handsome, narrow, pleasant, polite, quiet, simple, sour.



This disease is more common

commoner in men than in women.

This disease is



in men than in women.

He was more clever

than we thought.

cleverer than we thought.

He was

(So saùnh baèng)

  

Ted is

as old

as Sam.

Sam is not as young as Mark. She wasn’t as rich

as me / I was.

  

Francoise, my sister, is as beautiful as a fashion model. Reading is not

as relaxing as listening to music.

Chinese isn’t

as difficult

as Japanese.

page 20

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8. LISTENING memorize [’memcraw] (v) thuoäc; ghi nhôù


incredibly [wn’kredcblw] (adv)


memorization [memcraw’zew•n]

absent-minded [’bsnt ‘mawndwd] (a) ñaõng trí

repeat

[rw’pit]

(v) say smt again

defeat

line

[’lawn]

(n) doøng (chöõ)

challenge [’±nlcn®] (n,v) thöû thaùch; cuoäc thi

poem

[’pocm]

(n) baøi thô

challenger [’±nlcn®c] (n)

[dw’fit]

ñaùnh baïi; thaéng (ai)

(v)

thí sinh

sticky note [‘stwkw not](n) giaáy ghi (daùn ñöôïc)

champion title [’±mpwcn ‘tawtl] (n) chöùc voâ ñòch

incredible [wn’kredcbl] (a) unbelievable – khoâng theå tin

reminder note [rw’mawndcr] (n) according to

technique [tek’nwk]

Portuguese [p]r±u’giz] (n) tieáng Boà Ñaøo Nha

reøn luyeän (n) kyõ thuaät

visualize [’vw¦uclawz] (v) hình dung; taïo hình aûnh
visualization [,vw¦uclaw’zew•n] associate [c’soswewt](v)

ghi cheùp baøi giaûng

encourage [wn’krw®] (v) khuyeán khích

unique [yu’nwk] (a) only one – ñoäc nhaát (v)



ngaãu nhieân

[’lek±c nots]

[wn’swst] (v) khaúng ñònh

train

(a)

take lecture notes

[’bewsws] insist

[c’k]rdwη tu] (pre) theo lôøi (cuûa ai)

random [’rndcm]

things on a daily basis  vieäc laøm thöôøng ngaøy

ghi chuù nhaéc nhôû

lieân töôûng

Spanish

[’spnw•] (n)

credit

[’kredwt]

tieáng Taây Ban Nha

(n) nieàm töï haøo; nieàm tin

folks [foks] (n) quyù vò (duøng ñeå goïi nhöõng ngöôøi ñang theo doõi chöông trình phaùt thanh/ phaùt hình) sponge

[spn®] (n)

mieáng boït bieån


association [csosw‘ew•n] (n) material [mc’twrwcl] (n)

things – vaät; chaát lieäu

mentally [’mentlw]

(adv) thuoäc veà trí

make up a story 

taïo ra, bòa ra, döïng chuyeän

link

[lwηk]

(v)

lieân keát; noái keát

there you go (informal)  coá leân (dieãn taû söï khuyeán khích, coã vuõ) it’s reassuring to know…  thaät laø an taâm khi bieát … [rwc’•urwη]

9. VOCABULARY (TÍNH TÖØ KEÙP) well-known

famous

absent-minded

forgetful - ñaõng trí

well-dressed

smart – aên maëc ñeïp

left-handed / right-handed

(ngöôøi) thuaän tay traùi / phaûi

well-informed

bieát nhieàu thoâng tin

short-sleeved / long-sleeved (aùo) tay ngaén / tay daøi

well-organized toå chöùc toát

full-time / part-time

toaøn thôøi gian / baùn thôøi gian

page 21

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well-prepared

chuaån bò toát

brand-new

môùi tinh

well-done

laøm toát; (moùn aên) naáu chín

good-looking

(ngöôøi) ñeïp

11. READING & SPEAKING pile

technique

[tek’nik] (n) kyõ thuaät; phöông phaùp

order

[‘]dcr]

(n) trình töï; traät töï



soap

[sop]

(n) xaø phoøng

orange juice [®us]

 nöôùc cam

salad

(n) moùn rau troän



a bar of soap

shampoo

[•æm’pu] (n) daàu goäi

cookie or cooky [‘kkw]

(n) baùnh quy

[pawl]

(n)

a pile of books / newspapers / cookies / salt [‘sælcd]

salad dressing landmark

(n) gia vò ñeå troän salad

[‘lændmYrk] (n) moác; ñòa ñieåm laøm daáu

the top of the stairway (landing)  ñaàu caàu thang

UNIT 5

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1. READING stuff

[stf]

[U]

thöù; moùn ñoà

reason

[‘rizn]

(n)

lyù do

•

Do you call this stuff beer?

sign

[sawn]

(v)

•

Leave your stuff here.

estimate

[‘estcmewt]

(v) öôùc tính; phoûng tính

nickname [‘nwk newm] (v,n) ñaët bieät danh

musician

[myu’zw•n]

(n) nhaïc syõ; nhaïc coâng

almost

[]l’most] (adv) nearly – gaàn nhö

trigger

[‘trwgcr]

kyù (teân)

(n)

coø suùng

[‘scrfews] surface associate

wear, wore, worn

(v)

maëc

[c’soswewt or -•wewt]

worn

(a)

hao moøn (do söû duïng)

scratch

[skr±]

(v,n) caøo; raïch; xöôùt; gaõi

classical

[‘klswkl]

(a) coå ñieån

[w]rn]

phai taøn vì möa naéng weathered [‘weðc] (a) (chòu ñöïng nhöõng taùc ñoäng cuûa thôøi tieát)





classical music / guitar

cost, cost, cost [k]st]

The guitar is worn and weathered now.

hole

[hol]

(n)

caùi loã hoång



front

[frnt]

(n)

maët tröôùc

pick up

(v)

buy smt in an umplanned way – vôù

[‘pwkp]

sentiment [‘sentcmcnt] (n) tình caûm; xuùc ñoäng

special

fix

household appliance

(v)

repair [rw’per]

ñöôïc; tình côø mua (a) unusual – ñaëc bieät

[‘spe•l]

autograph [‘]tcgrf] (n,v) kyù teân löu nieäm

[hashold c’plawcns]

signature [‘swgnew±c] (n)

furniture

chöõ kyù

(v) trò giaù

How much does it cost?

sentimental [sentc’mentl] (a) caûm ñoäng (veà ñieàu gì) [fwks]

(n) beà maët (caây ñaøn) (n) coäng söï; ngöôøi coäng taùc

[‘fcrnw±c]

(n) haøng ñieän maùy gia duïng (n) ñoà ñaïc (baøn; gheá, tuû...)

2. GRAMMAR

(MEÄNH ÑEÀ QUAN HEÄ XAÙC ÑÒNH) Defining Relative Clauses laø meänh ñeà baét ñaàu baèng THAT / WHO / WHICH ñeå ñònh nghóa, xaùc ñònh hoaëc moâ taû cho töø ñöùng tröôùc. Which guitar is his?

Who is Willie Nelson? He’s a musician

• • •

who that

plays country music.

It’s the guitar which has

a hole in the front.

that

KHOÂNG ÑUÙNG: He’s a musician plays country music. It’s the guitar has a hole in the front. WHO / THAT lieân heä vôùi ngöôøi. WHICH / THAT lieân heä vôùi vaät, söï vaät. THAT / WHO / WHICH goïi laø Relative pronouns (Ñaïi töø quan heä) laøm SUBJECTS / OBJECTS cuûa Defining R.Cls page 23

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ÑAÏI TÖØ QUAN HEÄ LAØM CHUÛ NGÖÕ (RELATIVE PRONOUNS AS SUBJECTS)

• I met a man. He

works in advertising.

I met a man who works in advertising.

that S

V

• Vegetarians are people. They don’t eat meat.

Vegetarians are people who don’t eat meat.

that • Any person can vote if he or she is 18 years old or older.

Any person who is 18 years old or older can vote.

that S • I’ll lend you the book.

V

It

changed my life.

I’ll lend you the book which changed my life.

that S

V

• Flowers usually have vibrant colors. They grow in tropical climates.

Flowers which grow in tropical climates usually have vibrant colors.



TÖØ QUAN HEÄ LAØM OBJECTS (RELATIVE PRONOUNS AS OBJECTS) S

• I know the man. You

V

O

employed him last month.

I know the man whom you employed last month. I know the man who you employed last month. I know the man that you employed last month. you employed last month. I know the man S V O • The actors performed out-of-doors. We saw them.

The actors whom we saw performed out-of-doors. The actors who we saw performed out-of-doors. The actors that we saw performed out-of-doors. The actors we saw performed out-of-doors S

V

O

• The magazine was interesting. I read it on the plane. page 24

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The magazine which I read on the plane was interesting. The magazine that I read on the plane was interesting. The magazine I read on the plane was interesting. S •

V

O

The box was heavy. I mailed the box to my sister.

The box which I mailed to my sister was heavy. The box that I mailed to my sister was heavy. The box I mailed to my sister was heavy.

3. VOCABULARY

1. aluminium (Bri)

nhoâm

[lyu’mwnwcm]

aluminum (Amer) [c’lyumwncm]

8. concrete

[‘kYηkrit]

beâ toâng

9. china

[‘±awnc]

söù

2. agate

[‘gct]

maõ naõo

10. crystal

[‘kristl]

pha leâ

3. brick

[brwk]

gaïch

11. diamond

[‘dawcmcnd]

kim cöông

4. cotton

[‘kYtn]

vaûi

12. earthen

[‘cr›cn]

ñaát

5. canvas

[‘knvcs]

vaûi boá

13. felt

[felt]

næ

6. cement

[sc’ment]

xi maêng

14. glass

[gls]

kính; thuyû tinh

7. clay

[klew]

ñaát seùt

15. gold

[gocld]

vaøng

16. khaki

[‘kYrki or ‘kki]

ka ki

25. pottery

[‘pYtcrw]

goám (naën tay)

17. lace

[lews]

ren

26. rubber

[‘rbcr]

cao su

18. leather

[‘le⊗c]

da thuoäc

27. silk

[swlk]

luïa

19. marble

[‘mYrbl]

caåm thaïch

28. silver

[‘swlvcr]

baïc

20. metal

[‘metl]

kim loaïi

29. (a) woolen

[‘wlcn]

len

21. plastic

[‘plstwk]

nhöïa

22. paper

[‘pewpc]

giaáy

23. plaster

[‘plstc]

thaïch cao

24. platinum

[‘pltwncm]

baïch kim

(n) wool

[‘wl]

30. (a) wooden [‘wdn] (n) wood

baèng goã

[‘wd]

4. LISTENING

page 25

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art

manage smt [‘mnw®] 

[Yrt] (n) beautiful objects – ñoà myõ thuaät; ñoà trang trí

appreciate

•

[c’prw •wewt] (v) traân troïng; hieåu giaù trò; caûm kích

•

I really appreciate how important this letter is.

She hasn’t managed the job without help.

possession [pc’ze•n]

(n) söï sôû höõu


possess [pc’zes]

(v)

stereo

[‘ste- or ‘stirwo] maùy nghe coù 2 loa [⊗o]

backpack

[‘bkpk]

(n) rucksack

though

basket

[‘bskwt]

(n) caùi roå

•

collection

[kc’lek•n]

(n) söu taàm; söu taäp


collect

[kc’lekt]

•

•

(adv) duø vaäy

I think you’re right. I’ll ask him, though.

at least

hardly ever [‘hYrdlw ‘evc] (adv) gaàn nhö khg bao giôø

achieve it - ñaõ laøm ñöôïc

[list]



not less than - ít nhaát

This book costs at least $50.

a band

(n) daây ñeo da

[bnd]

I have hardly ever written to him.

6. Language in Action: screwdriver [‘skrudrawvc] (n) [skru] (n) ñinh oác screw

whatever it is…  Cho duø noù laø caùi gì ñi chaêng nöõa … can opener [kn ‘opcncr] (n) scissors •

frame

(n) khung hình

[frewm]

[‘swzcrz]

(pl)

A pair of scissors

paring knife [‘perwη nawf]

(n)


knives (pl) hammer

[‘hmcr]

(n)

7. KnowHow: mime gesture

[mawm] [‘®e±cr]

(n)

kòch caâm; ñoäng taùc hình theå

EXERCISE: Ask each other the names and use of these things.

(n) ñieäu boä

2

substitute [‘sbstctut] (v,n) thay theá; vaät/ ngöôøi thay theá thingy

[‘›wηw]

1

(n) thingamajig [‘›wηcmc®wg]


thingies / thingamajigs (pl) töø duøng ñeå chæ thöù gì maø ngöôøi ta khoâng bieát teân

- What are they called?

5

3

4

- They’re thingies.

page 26

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8. Listening Listen to the recording and fill in the blank with the missing words.

figure it out  guess what it is – ñoaùn noù laø caùi gì

ignore

[wg’n]r] (v)

button [‘btn]

patient

[’pew•nt] (a) kieân nhaãn

(n) nuùt


patience [’pew•ns] (n)

press / push a button

•

dial [’dawcl]

(n) nuùt vaën

heat up

turn a dial

•

boû qua; khoâng ñeå yù tôùi

[‘hitp]

(v)

become hotter

project idea [’prY®ekt] (n) yù töôûng ñeà xuaát

complicated [’kYmplwkewtwd] (a) phöùc taïp; khoù khaên burn ; burned or burnt (v) ñoát (caùi gì); chaùy sandwich

[‘sndwwt• or ‘snww®] (n)

[bcrn]

temperature dial (n) nuùt chænh nhieät ñoä

•

[’temprw±c]

throw away [›ro c’wew] (v) boû ñi

turn it to "medium"  chænh tôùi möùc trung bình

microwave

[’mwdwcm]

He burnt his house. The cake is burning.

(v) nöôùng (baèng loø vi ba)

[’mawkrcwewv]

10. Listening

 PHRASAL VERBS

Cuïm ñoäng töø coù hai chöõ trôû leân:

VERB + PREPOSITION

 thöôøng coù yù nghóa khaùc vôùi ñoäng töø goác  WORD ORDER (Thöù töï cuûa caùc töø) VERB

+ preposition + NOUN

VERB

+

Put

on

your coat.

Put

your coat

on.

Put

it

on.

Take

off

your hat.

Take

your hat

off

Take

it

off

Take

out

the sandwiches.

Take

the sandwiches

out.

Take

it

out.

Throw away

this old shirt.

Throw

this old shirt

away.

Throw

it

away.

Turn

up

the oven

Turn

the oven

up.

Turn

it

up

Turn

down

the radio.

Turn

the radio

down.

Turn

it

down.

Turn

on

the lights.

Turn

the lights

on.

Turn

them

on.

Pick

up

your pens.

Pick

your pens

up.

Pick

them

up.

Put

away

your books

Put

your books

away

Put

them

away



NOUN

+ preposition

VERB + PRONOUN + preposition

Tuy nhieân coù nhöõng Phrasal Verbs khoâng taùch ra ñöôïc (Inspearable)

Ví duï

* get on the bus * fall off the bicycle * It belongs to my teacher.

Not Not Not

get the bus on fall the bicycle off It belongs my teacher to. page 27

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12.

reading

appear [c’pir]

(v)

xuaát hieän

essential

[w’sen•l]

(a) caàn thieát; quan troïng

bother

(v)

disturb – laøm phieàn (ai)


essence

[‘esns]

(n)

[‘bY⊗c]

evolve

contribute [kcn’tribyut] (v) goùp phaàn, ñoùng goùp • Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford.
contribution [kYntrw’byu•n] (n) corporation

•


evolvement [w’vYlmcnt] (n)

[k]rpc‘rew•n] (n) coâng ty kinh doanh

contradiction [kYntrc’dwk•n]

(v) phaùt trieån; tieán trieån

[w’vYl]

(n) maâu thuaãn; traùi ngöôïc

Your reply today is in direct contradiction to what you said last week.

finance

[‘fawnns or faw’nns] (n) taøi chính

financial

[faw’nn•cl] (a)

frustrate

(v) gaây böïc boäi; khoù chòu

[‘frstrewt or fr’strewt]
frustrated / frustrating (a) böïc boäi; böùc xuùc grid

[grwd]

(n) oâ keû (nhö trong oâ chöõ)


contradict [,kYntrc’dwkt] (v)

humor

[‘hyumcr]

(n) haøi höôùc; khoâi haøi

combine


humorous [‘hyumcrcs](a)

•

(v) keát hôïp

[kcm’bawn]

Combine business with pleasure.

including

[wn’kludwη] (pre) bao goàm; goàm coù


combination [kYmbw’new•n] (n)

itch

[w±]

(n,v) choã ngöùa; gaõi ngöùa

dust smt

[dst]

(n,v) buïi; phuûi buïi


itchy

[‘w±w]

(a) bò ngöùa; ngöùa ngaùy

encourage

[wn’krw®]

(v)

•

khuyeán khích

My hand is itchy.

•

They encouraged him to go into business.

locate


encouragement [wn’krw®mcnt]

[‘lokewt or lo’kewt] (v) ñònh vò trí; ñaët ôû nôi


location

[lo’kew•n] (n)

•

Can you locate your itch on your back?

rule

[rul]

(n) luaät leä; quy ñònh

•

Where is the theater you told me about located?

slipper

[‘slwpcr]

(n) deùp (ñi trong nhaø)

sole

[sol]

(1) (a) only – duy nhaát

materialism

(n) chuû nghóa duy vaät

[mc’twrwclwzm] major

(2) (n) ñeá giaøy

[‘mew®cr] (a) chính; chuû yeáu

•

the sole reason/ cause of the accident

obviously [‘Ybvwcslw] (a) hieån nhieân; roõ raøng

term

practical

•

[‘prtwkl]


practice [‘prtws]

(a) thöïc teá; thöïc duïng (n)

philosophy [fw’lYscfw] (n) trieát hoïc; trieát lyù (heä thoáng tö töôûng) invent

[wn’vent]

(v) phaùt minh

invention

[wn’ven•n]

(n) söï phaùt minh

inventor

[wn’ventcr] (n) nhaø phaùt minh

principle [‘prwnscpl] (n) giaùo ñieàu; nguyeân taéc

(n) thuaät ngöõ

The term “Chindogu” entered the English vocabulary in 1991.

typically •

[tcrm]

[‘twpwkclw]

(adv) usually; generally

Typically, Chindogu are tools for everyday life.

Expressions: for real use



ñeå söû duïng

for sale



ñeå baùn

at least



ít nhaát ≠ at most

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process [‘prYses / ‘proses] (n) quaù trình

I/. SHORT ADJECTIVES: Adjectives with one syllable or two syllables ending with –y Positive

Examples

Superlative

deep

deepest

The Pacific is the deepest ocean in the world.

long

longest

Giraffes have the longest necks of all animals.

Double the consonant when it follows a vowel (u,e,o,a,i)

wet

wettest

July is usually the wettest of all months.

thin

thinnest

Amanda is the thinnest of all of us.

Add –st when it ends with –e

wise

wisest

My birthday party was one of the nicest times in my life.

large

largest

The blue whale is the largest living animal in the world.

Change –y into -i

easy

easiest

This was the easiest questions of the test I’ve taken.

lazy

laziest

He is the laziest student in the class.

good

best

My trip to Honduras was one of the best experience I’ve ever had.

bad

worst

My score was one of the worst scores in the whole school.

far

farthest

Pluto is the farthest planet from the sun in our solar system.

Add -est

Irregular Adjectives

furthest

II/. LONG ADJECTIVES: Adjectives with more than one syllable (tính töø coù hôn moät vaàn) most (nhieàu nhaát) least (ít nhaát)



beautiful

most

beautiful

intelligent

least

intelligent

The Tal Mahal is one of the most beautiful buildings I’ve ever known Sometimes I feel like I am the least intelligent person in the class.

These two-syllable adjectives have two forms: -est or most

angry, clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, handsome, narrow, pleasant, polite, quiet, simple, sour.



Fred

is

the most friendly guy of them. the friendliest



I think Tom Cruise is one of the most handsome actors in Hollywood. the handsomest

CHUÙ YÙ:(1) “the” thöôøng ñöùng tröôùc superlative (2) Superlative coù theå ñöùng moät mình: • Alex and David are younger than Mike. Mike is the oldest. • Nothing is sweeter than sugar. Sugar is the sweetest. (3) Comparative & Superlative coù theå ñöùng tröôùc danh töø • He reads more newspapers than I do. • I wish I had more friends to go places with and spend time with. • What is one of the best movies you’ve seen recently? • It was the worst fire we’ve ever had in our town. page 29

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UNIT 6

1.

READING

as opposed to



generally speaking [‘®encrclw] 

traùi ngöôïc; ñoái nghòch

likely

[c’poz] apparently •

[c’percntlw] (adv) coù veû nhö; thaáy laø vaäy

He apparently escaped his trouble by telling a lie.

[‘lawklw]

noùi chung

(a) probable – coù theå

•

It is likely to rain.

•

It is more likely to rain (than it is to be sunny).

behavior

[bw’hewvwcr] (n) haønh vi; cö xöû

no longer

behave

[bw’hewv]

•

You are no longer friends. / I no longer love you. You aren’t friends anymore. / I don’t love you anymore.

(v)

•

He’s behaved badly towards his wife.

•

•

Please behave yourselves!

wrong [r]η]

entertain [‘entcrtewn] or [entcr’tewn] (v) giaûi trí; laøm vui

•


entertaining / entertained (a)

wild



not… any more (or anymore)

(n) ñieàu sai traùi (haønh vi; ñaïo ñöùc)

Children have to be taught the difference between right and wrong. [wawld]

(a) hoang daõ

•

I’m entertained by his sense of humor

•

•

The movie is entertaining.

show up

(v) arrive or appear

shared interest

(n) moái quan taâm hoaëc sôû thích

friendship [‘frend•wp] (n) tình baïn; quan heä baïn beø form •

wild life / animals / flowers / friends

gioáng nhau

[•erd ‘wntrwst]

(n,v) thaønh laäp; phaùt trieån

[f]rm]

sky-diving [skaw ‘dawvwη] (n) moân nhaûy du;ø duø löôïn

form a friendship / a music band / a company

4. LISTENING accounting [c‘kantwη]

kind (n) loaïi; kieåu…

(n) keá toaùn

different kinds of people / books / movies


accountant [c‘kantcnt] (n) nhaân vieân keá toaùn

•

band

kind of (informal)  hôi bò; cuõng coù ít nhieàu gì ñoù

[bnd]

(n)

ban nhaïc

basketball [‘bskwtbYl]

(n) boùng roå

department [dw’pYrtmcnt]

(n)

•

[‘defwnwtlw]

• •

I kind of keep in touch with him.

•

hôïp vôùi ai

She never gets along really well with her sisterin-law. She and her sister-in-law never get along really well.

keep in touch

•

separate [‘sepcrewt] (a)

(adv) certainly

get along well (with smb) 

She seemed kind of surprised when I told her about the bad news.

boä phaän (vaên phoøng)

accounting / sales department

definitely

•

(with smb)  giöõ lieân laïc vôùi ai

This patient is kept separate from the others.

wedding that often •

[‘wedwη]

(n)

ñaùm cöôùi



so very often

I don’t think you play sports that often.

unless •

taùch bieät; rieâng bieät

[’les] (conjunction) if … not

I won’t go unless you go with me (I will go if you go

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with me.)

stay in touch mainly member •

7.

[‘mewnlw]

(adv)

[‘membcr] (n)

chính yeáu; chuû yeáu thaønh vieân

•

I’ll stay at home unless the weather improves (I’ll stay at home if the weather isn’t better)

•

I’ll die unless I breathe (I’ll die if I don’t breathe)

family / club / band / class member

PRONUNCIATION

• Schwa laø aâm yeáu (weak sound) thöôøng khoâng nhaán maïnh (stress) hoaëc coù theå bò nuoát aâm: frighten [‘frawtn] • Schwa thöôøng ñöùng ngay sau vaàn ñöôïc nhaán maïnh: introduce [wntrc’dyus] familiar [fc’mwlwcr] together [tc’ge⊗cr] promise [‘prYmcs] success [sc’ses]

9.

advice cousin machine tonight recognize

[cd’vaws] [‘kzcn] [mc’•in] [tc’nawt] [‘rekcnawz]

problem [‘prYblcm] [‘swmclcr] similar adventure [cd’ven±cr]

LISTENING

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(v) accept

[c’sept]

chaáp nhaän

(a)

scientific

[sawcn’twfwk] coù tính khoa hoïc

(a) accurate

[‘kyurewt]

chính xaùc

(n)

science

[‘sawcns]

(n) accuracy

[‘kyurcsw]

(n)

phrenology [frc’nYlc®w]

(n) assessment

[c‘sesmcnt] ñaùnh giaù

(n)

phrenologist [frc’nYlc®wst]

(v) assess

[c‘ses]

(n)

purpose

•

What’s your purpose in life?

(n)

quiz

• Basically I agree with your suggestion although there are a few points I’d like to discuss.

(n)

personality [pcrsc’nlcti] caù tính

(n) bump

•

personality testing / test / assessment

[bmp]

(a,n) potential

(a) compatible

[kcm’ptcbl]

•

I assessed the damage at 1 million dollars.

(adv) basically

[‘bewswklw]

cô baûn; noùi chung

cuïc böùu, u treân ñaàu

The couple had to separate because they were not compatible.

•

She realized the potential errors in the method.

(adv) pretty

(n) graphology

(a)

[gr’fYlc®w] ñoaùn tính caùch qua chöõ vieát

(n) graphologist

[gr’fYlc®wst]

(n) guest

[gest]

[‘pritw]

rather – hôi hôi

The situation seems pretty hopeless. pretty

khaù xinh

a pretty girl / woman

•

(ad) seriously

[‘sirwcslw]

nghieâm tuùc

well-educated [‘edyukewtwd]coù hoïc vaán cao; coù giaùo

khaùch môøi

(a)

thuoäc veà y khoa

duïc

(ad) obviously [‘Yvwcslw] apparently - hieån nhieân; roõ raøng

• medical situation [sw±’ew•n] ñieàu kieän veà y khoa

11.

tieàm naêng; tieàm taøng

That product has more potential in export markets.

•

[‘medwkl]

[pc’ten•cl]

toaùn / caâu ñoá

•

(a) complicated [’kYmplwkewtwd] phöùc taïp

(a) medical

[kwwz]

muïc ñích

hôïp tính

(n) compatibility [kcmptc’bilcti] •

[‘pcrpcs]

khoa hoïc

VOCABULARY

analysis

[c’nlcsws]

(n)

söï phaân tích

generous


analyze

[‘lnclawz]

(v)

phaân tích


generosity [®enc’rYsctw] (n)

ambitious

[m’bw•cs]

(a)

tham voïng

•

[‘®encrcs]

(a) roäng raõi, haøo phoùng

generous with time


ambition [m’bw•cn]

(n)

kind

agreeable

[c‘gricbl]

(a) friendly, pleasant


kindness [‘kawndncs]

(n) loøng toát

brace

[brews]

(v,n) bracket - daáu ngoaëc

leave; left; left [liv; left ]

(v)

cross

[krYs]

(n,v) gaïch ngang

•

enthusiastic [en›yuzw’stwk] (a) nhieät tình; haêng haùi

[kawnd]

(a) toát buïng; töû teá

leave more space

loop

[lp] (n) ngoaéc troøn treân chöõ

o o


enthusiasm [en’›zwczcm] (n)

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outgoing (a) confident and friendly in social situation [at’gowη] - tính hoøa ñoàng ≠ shy

[•aw]

(a) maéc côû, nhuùt nhaùt

stubborn

[’stbcrn]

slant (to) [slnt]

patient

[pew’•cnt]

(a) kieân nhaãn

popular

[‘pYpyulcr]

(a) ñöôïc nhieàu ngöôøi öa thích

poliician

[pYlc’tw•cn] (n) chính trò gia

stroke

[strok]

(n) neùt gaïch trong chöõ vieát

truth

[tr›]

(n) söï thaät

tell the truth ≠ tell a lie

•

T-bar

[‘tibYr]


politics [‘pYlctwks]

(n) chính trò

change smb’s mind

sharp

(a) saéc, beùn, nhoïn

•

•

(n) neùt vieát treân ñaàu chöõ T  ñoåi yù

I want to change my mind but he doesn’t change his mind.

a sharp pencil / knife / mind / point

13.

(a) nghieâng (1 beân)

self-image [self ’wmw®] (n) baûn lónh

organized [‘]rgcnawzd] (a) coù oùc toå chöùc

[•Yrp]

(a) böôùng bænh

reading


effect

[w’fekt]

(n)

according to [c‘k]rdwη tu] (pre) theo yù kieán (cuûa ai)

function

[‘fηk•n]

(n,v) chöùc naêng; hoaït ñoäng

average

[‘vcrw®]

(a) medium

•

beard

[bwrd]

(n)

label

actually

(adv) thaät söï ra

[‘±clw]

hieäu quaû; keát quaû

His brain is functioning normally. [‘lewbl]

(n,v) caùi nhaõn; daùn nhaõn

level of stress



möùc caêng thaúng

low

[lo]

(a)

thaáp ≠ high

healthy

[‘hel›w]

(a)

khoûe maïnh; laønh maïnh

basket-weaving (n) ñan roå


health [‘hel› ]

(n)

söùc khoûe

[‘bskwt ‘wivwη]

indeed

(adv) thaät vaäy; thaät söï


weave; wove; woven

(v) ñan (roå); deät (vaûi, aùo)

[wiv; wov; wovn]



[wn’did]

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

•

What convinced you to vote for them?

idealistic [awdwc‘lwstwk] (a) having strong belief in perfect standards and trying to achieve them even when this is not realistic - lyù töôûng hoùa; phi thöïc teá

•

I’m convinced that I’m right.

immune system

convince

conclude

[kcn’vwns]

[kcn’kld]

(v) thuyeát phuïc; tin chaéc

(v) keát luaän

(n) heä thoáng mieãn dòch

[w’myun ‘swstcm]


conclusion [kcn’kl¦n] (n)

mildly

[‘mawldlw] (adv) hôi hôi; möùc ñoä nheï

eccentric

manner

[‘mncr]

[wk’sentrwk] (a,n) laäp dò, ngöôøi laäp dò

eccentricity [wksen’trwkstw] (n) embrace

[em’brews]

söï laäp dò

(v)

1. hug smb in arms - oâm ai vaøo loøng •

She embraced her son before leaving.

2. welcome or take advantage of smt willingly •

embrace an offer / an opportunity

effectively [w’fektwvlw] (adv) coù hieäu quaû

nonconforming [nYnkcn’f]rmwη]

(n) phong caùch (a) (haønh vi) baát thöôøng; phaù caùch; dò bieät

≠ conforming

(a) phuø hôïp; ñuùng caùch


conform

(v) tuaân thuû theo (neá neáp,

[kcn’f]rm] •

quy ñònh)

Their wedding didn’t conform.

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obsess

[cb’ses] (v) aùm aûnh; hay nghó veà ai, caùi gì

as it turn out  (dieãn taû ñieàu gì ñuùng maø seõ ñöôïc

obsession [cb’se•n] (n) •

Expressions chöùng toû sau ñoù) hoùa ra laø

She is obsessed with the fear of unemployment.

I didn’t need to explain to her, as it turned out.

opinionated [c‘pwnycnewtwd] (a) stubborn

•

outlandish [at’lndw•]

(a) kyø quaùi; quaùi ñaûn

in of step 1. böôùc nhòp nhaøng vôùi ngöôøi khaùc (trong

participate [pYr’twscpewt]

(v) take part – tham gia

2. hoaø nhòp vôùi ...

participant [pYr’twscpcnt] (n) ngöôøi tham gia percent •

≠ out of step  loãi nhòp; khoâng cuøng nhòp

(sing; pl) phaàn traêm

[pcr’sent]

•

10 percent

positive

[‘pYzctwv]

(a) coù lôïi; laïc quan; tích cöïc

≠ negative [‘newgctwv] •

positive information / feeling / thinking / suggestion

shave off

[•ewv Yf]

typical trait [‘twpwkl trewt]

(v) caïo (raâu) nhaün nhuïi (n) ñaëc tính tieâu bieåu

khieâu vuõ)

He’s out of step with modern ideas.

mistakenly view  coù quan nieäm sai laàm veà ai/ caùi gì [mws’tewkcnlw vyu] 

They mistakenly viewed him as an eccentric.

stated simply

 noùi moät caùch ñôn giaûn

the general population

 nhöõng ngöôøi bình thöôøng

[‘®encrl pYpy’lew•n]

THIS IS THE END OF ENGLISH COURSE 1

PHAÀN THAM KHAÛO

MEÄNH ÑEÀ QUAN HEÄ XAÙC ÑÒNH page 34

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RELATIVE PRONOUNS AS SUBJECTS (Ñaïi töø quan heä laøm subjects) S

V

S

I met a man who works in advertising.

I’ll lend you the book which changed my life.

that



V

that

RELATIVE PRONOUNS AS OBJECTS (Ñaïi töø quan heä laøm objects)

I know the man whom you employed

last month. I know the man who you employed last month. I know the man that you employed last month. I know the man you employed last month.

The magazine which I read on the plane was interesting. The magazine that I read on the plane was interesting. The magazine I read on the plane was interesting.

 Prepositions coù theå ñöùng tröôùc relative pronouns whom / which trong loái vaên vieát trònh troïng •

I can give you the name of the girl whom I deal with.

•

He returned to the shop which the CD was bought from.

who that

that ∅

∅

He returned to the shop from which the CD was bought.

I can give you the name of the girl with whom I deal.



Whose (thay cho tính töø sôû höõu)

•

The woman has written several books on nuclear weapons.

Her son was killed in the war. The woman whose son was killed in the war has written several books on nuclear weapons. • I’m looking for a dog. Its name is Groucho. I’m looking for a dog whose name is Groucho. •

Nokia is a large Finnish company. Its headquarters are in Helsinki. Nokia is a large Finnish company whose headquarters are in Helsinki.



RELATIVE ADVERBS

When / Where

• I’ll never forget the day. I met you on that day.

I’ll never forget the day when I met you. I’ll never forget the day

I met you.

• 1990 was the year. He left the village in that year.

1990 was the year when 1990 was the year

∅

he left the village. he left the village.

th

• 8 Mach is the date. We give honor to women on that date.

8th Mach is the date when we give honor to women. page 35

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8th Mach is the date

∅

we give honor to women.

• The house is very old. He lives in it.

The house which

he lives in

is very old.

The house that

he lives in

is very old.

∅

he lives in

is very old.

The house

The house in which he lives is very old. The house where

he lives

is very old.

•

I returned to the shop. I had purchase the CD from it.

•

I returned to the shop which I had purchase the CD from

•

I returned to the shop that

•

I returned to the shop

•

I returned to the shop where I had purchase the CD.

∅

I had purchase the CD from I had purchase the CD from


Where KHOÂNG laøm chuû ngöõ SAI

 Saigon is the city where has about 8 million people.

ÑUÙNG

 Saigon is the city which / that has about 8 million people.


Where ñi vôùi Verbs COÙ PREPOSITION (at, in....) hoaëc ADVERB chæ nôi choán (there; here) SAI

 I returned to the town where I visited last year. (visit the town: no preposition)

ÑUÙNG

 I returned to the town which / that / ∅ I visited last year. I returned to the town where I stayed last year. (stay in the town)

MÑ quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh laø mñà coù hình thöùc gioáng vôùi mñ quan heä xaùc ñònh nhöng ñöôïc ngaên caùch vôùi mñ chính baèng daáu phaåy. Mñ quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh coù theå boû ñi maø khoâng laøm cho caâu maát yù nghóa. Mñ quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh chæ ñeå theâm thoâng tin (give additional information) cho ngöôøi hay vaät ñöùng tröôùc noù maø thoâi. 1. Robert Gibbs, who escaped from prison last Friday, has been recaptured. 2. Lisa, whom he loves, came here yesterday. 3. I don’t like curry, which is hot and spicy. 4. When I came into the room, I saw a girl, whose hands were tied. 5. He left in the year 1960, when I wasn't born yet. 6. I came back to London, where I met the famous actor.

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

1

Khoâng coù daáu phaåy

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

Coù daáu phaåy page 36

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DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

2

THAT ñöôïc xuû duïng

THAT khoâng xöû duïng

3

OBJECT RELATIVE PRONOUNS:

RELATIVE PRONOUNS :

Who / Whom / Which / That coù theå boû ñi

Who / Whom / Which khoâng ñöôïc boû ñi

•

4

She’s the woman he loves

Caàn thieát ñeå xaùc ñònh, ñònh nghó cho töø ñöùng tröôùc noù _ ‘Give it to Jack, please.’

•

Lisa, whom / who he loves, came here yesterday

Chæ theâm thoâng tin cho töø tröôùc noù neân coù theå boû ñi.



Please give it to Kate, who’s sitting by the window.

_ ‘Which Jack do you mean?’ _ ‘The one who‘s sitting by the window.’

page 37

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VERBS

ADJECTIVES

agree with

ñoàng yù vôùi

I had to agree with his analysis of the situation.

angry with sb

giaän döõ vôùi

I was angry with myself for the silly mistake.

apply for

xin (vieäc)

You must apply for this job immediately.

accustomed to

quen vôùi

We got accustomed to the local food.

ask sb about

hoûi (ai) veà

Ask him about the party.

afraid of

sôï, e ngaïi

Are you afraid of going out alone at night?

depend

tin, caäy, nhôø

You must depend on yourself for success.

crowded with

ñoâng ñuùc

The bus was crowded with people.

hear from

nghe tin töø

You will hear from me later.

curious about

toø moø

She’s always curious about my work.

hear of sb/ st

nghe, bieât veà

I haven’t never heard of the place.

equipped with

trang bò

The candidates are equipped with sharp pencils

look at

nhìn

Look at the blackboard.

excited about

phaán khiùch

The children are excited about going camping.

look for

tìm kieám

What are you looking for?

engaged to

ñính hoân

His sister is engaged to the Presdient’s son.

look after

chaêm soùc

Who will look after the child while she’s out?

fond of

öa thích

Children are fond of eating candies.

look like

troâng gioáng

It looks like salt.

friendly to/ with

thaân thieän

The children here are friendly with each other.

listen to

laéng nghe

Listening to music is my hobby.

frightened of

sôï haõi

They’re frightened of losing their power.

look forwad to

mong ñôïi

We look forward to your reply.

familiar with

quen thuoäc

The image of Baney is familiar with children.

speak with/ to

noùi vôùi

They don’t speak to each other after argument.

good at

gioûi veà

My mother is good at cooking.

speak of

noùi veà

She never speaks of her husband.

good for

toát cho

Smoking is not good for your health.

stare at

nhìn chaèm

Is it polite to stare at anyone?

interested in

say meâ, thích

Are you interested in history?

show up

xuaát hieän

It’s 8 now and she hasn’t shown up yet.

married to

cöôùi, laáy

His wife said he’d been married to the computer.

put on

maëc vaøo

Put on your shoes when you leave home.

made of / from

laøm baèng, töø

This ring is made of gold.

take off

côûi ra

Take off your shoes when entering their houses.

take off

caát caùnh

The plane is taking off.

opposed to

ngöôïc vôùi

His ideas were opposed to mine.

take care of

chaêm soùc

He’s old enough to take care of himself.

patient with

kieân nhaãn

You have to be patient with slow students.

try on

maëc thöû

Try on these pants before buying them.

similar to

töông tuï

A basket ball is similar to a soccer ball.

turn on / off think about

môû / taét

Turn on / off the air-conditioner

surprised at

ngaïc nhieân

I’m surprised at his presence here.

nghó tôùi,veà

I’m thinking about changing my job.

special about

ñaëc bieät

Nothing is sepecial about him.

worry about

lo laéng veà

There is nothing to worry about.

tired of

meät moûi

I’m tired of doing the same things day after day

terrified of

kinh haõi

He was terrified of Frankenstein.

This cake is made from flour, eggs and sugar.

page 42

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THIS IS THE END OF HANDOUT

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