Growth V Post-growth

‘Growth’ versus ‘post-growth’ visions Under question (a ‘growth’ perspective)

Under consideration (a ‘post-growth’ perspective)

Unending economic growth Macro-economic growth (GDP) as an indicator of prosperity Unfettered population growth

Ecological limits to growth Genuine progress and other indicators

Consumer culture/acquisitiveness Trickle-down claims of neo-classical/freemarket economics The personal and social impacts of a debtbased culture The international impacts of a debtbased/Ponzi system Shareholders Private equity/ownership/ inheritance Aid/Ex-pat efforts Techno-fixes Technology transfer ‘Sustainable Development’/Ecological modernisation/Greenwashing Genetically-modified monocultures Corporate Social Responsibility Free Trade Corporate globalisation ‘Solutions’/‘cures’ Micro-credit

Top-down Structural adjustment/policy proscriptions Western ethnocentrism Masculine-dominator narrative Expert knowledge Rationalisation/Utilitarianism Western science Individualism Social Needs model Corporate mergers/concentration International division of labour Necessary unemployment Work = income Private enterprise Industrialisation/Western scientific innovation Triple-bottom-line Big is better Capitalism/socialism

Realistic population policies (local/national/international) Ethical consumption/frugality/subsistence/psychological well-being Mechanisms for re-distribution and decentralisation Alternative currencies/collective risk Sustainable Banking Stakeholders Communal custodianship Autonomy/locally designed and owned initiatives Appropriate technology Local innovation/ingenuity: scan globally, apply locally Human, eco-centric development Organic biodiversity Holistic (not reductionist) approach to social responsibility Resilient local economies/bioregionalism first, then fair trade Glocalisation/globalisation from below Ways-forward/accepted limitations of knowledge/systems thinking/social models An inclusive local economy and formal recognition of the informal sector (without necessarily institutionalisation) Bottom-up Local autonomy Global pluralism, cultural relativity Feminine-nurturer perspective Collective wisdom Deontological ethics Critique of science/Holistic science/Indigenous knowledge Communitarianism that values the unique gifts/roles of all Asset-based Community development model Public/local, decentralised ownership Multi-skilled workforce Full employment Work = livelihood Right livelihood Social innovation Ecological/social accounting Small is beautiful Not-for-profit world

(Donnie Maclurcan, 2009)