Globalizarea Si Internetul

Globalizarea comertului mondial " Piata Internet " Cadrul legislativ - Proiectul Legii Cererii si Ofertei autor: CIALMA TEODOR - VLADIMIR e-mail: [email protected] Aceasta lucrare a fost scrisa : 1. cu scopul de a informa on-line consumatorul , corect , complect si mai ales oficial cu privire la locatia producatorului ; comerciantului ; produsele si serviciile pe care acestia le comercializeaza , calitatea produselor si serviciilor lor ,nivelul preturilor puse in vanzare , daca la momentul cautarii pe internet mai exista in comercializare produsele si serviciile respective , etc, deoarece sait-ul creat ( denumit sugestiv “piata internet” ) cu subdiviziunile sale : piata auto ; piata imobiliara ; piata taraneasca ; piata financiar bancara ; etc , trebuie sa constitue o obilgatie din partea institutiilor statului de a crea cadru legal functionarii unei astfel de piete internet , intrucat Statul este el insusi un partener de afaceri , deoarece prin politicile sale fiscale , canalizeaza economia in sensul dezvoltarii echilibrate a intregii societati , cu scopul vadit de a crea o patura sociala “ de mijloc “ foarte consistenta , deci de a ridica nivelul de trai al populatiei si de a reduce decalajele dintre bogati si saraci . 2. cu scopul de a crea cadrul legal justificarii averilor create , prin eliminarea posibilitatii de a introduce in circuitul economic sanatos al societatii , venituri provenite din fapte ilicite , sau din munca la negru ; in sensul existentei a unei cereri si oferte reale intre producator ; comerciant si consummator , fara nici o ingradire din partea institutiilor Statului , cu privire la posibilitatea acumularii castigurilor cetatenilor , intrucat statul insusi este dator sa creeze premizele dezvoltarii societatii , in sensul acordarii drepturilor si libertatilor cetatenesti cum este dreptul la libera initiativa a cetatenilor. 3. cu scopul de a sensibiliza atat institutiile statului cat si partenerii de afaceri ( producatori , comercianti , consumatori ) de necesitatea modernizarii si informatizarii procesului economic ( emiterea de facturi si chitante in format electronic in trei exemplare , intr-o casuta de e-mail prestbilita initial de catre Ministerul de Finante impreuna cu partenerii de afaceri , oficial pe propriul sait , pe baza unui card ce contine “codul numeric personal” al partenerului de afaceri si a unui cod PIN emis tot de acelasi Minister al Finantelor Publice ) in concordanta cu noile descoperiri in domeniul tehnologiei informatiei si comunicarii. 4. cu scopul de a simplifica si oficializa procedura de licitatie publica respectiv cautarea on-line a oportunitatilor de afaceri. NOTA: Toate informatiile cu privire la : locatia producatorului ; comerciantului ; nr de telefon ; produsele si serviciile pe care acestia le comercializeaza , calitatea produselor si serviciilor lor , nivelul preturilor puse in vanzare , sunt oricum publice si obligatorii ( mai ales afisarea preturilor la un loc vizibil ) , dar la ora actuala au acces la ele un numar restrans de parteneri de afaceri si oricum nu oficial , prin faptul ca , chiar producatorii , comerciantii , publica prin pliante astfel de date , dar metoda aleasa de acestia

este foarte costisitoare ,invechita , necesita o risipa de hartie si coloranti colosala , si are ca efect chiar poluarea mediului inconjurator , prin faptul ca o mica parte din pliante sunt folosite de cetateni cu scopul informarii acestora , in rest acele pliante cu regret o spun se arunca la gunoi. Distribuitorii de astfel de pliante care au oricum salarii mici si probabil sunt platiti la negru , ar putea fi folositi eficient prin reconversie profesionala la inregistrarea datelor necesare vanzarii cumpararii pe saitul respectiv , la asigurarea curateniei in magazin , la aranjarea produselor pe rafturi ,etc, deoarece in viitor ar fi de dorit ca sa existe o mai mare ordine in toate domeniile de activitate .

OBSERVATIE. Deoarece unele informatii nu sunt publice ( de exemplu stocurile marfurilor puse in vanzare ) acestea nu vor putea fi vizualizate on-line decat de Ministerul Finantelor Publice sau de o alta Autoritate de control stabilita prin Lege

MOTTO: Aceasta lucrare ,i-si propune sa sensibilizeze institutiile statului precum si partenerii de afaceri, (producatori,comercianti,consumatori) de necesitatea infiintarii unei piete internet similara oricarui alt tip de piata existenta pana in prezent , in care partenerii de afaceri sa poata sa-si vanda marfurile si serviciile liber , fara intermediari , facandu-si singuri reclama pe internet, stiindu-se ca reclama este sufletul comertului , iar statele membre , avand doar rolul de a crea cadrul legal functionarii unei astfel de piete.

DISPOZITII GENERALE art 1. a) orice persoana fizica sau juridica are obligatia , prin prezenta lege , de a comunica in scris Departamentului Cerere si Oferta , inceperea procedurii de vanzarea tuturor bunurilor mobile si imobile , a produselor ,marfurilor si serviciilor,puse in vanzare,precum si locatiile,preturile,stocurile,calitatea,produselor,marfurilor si serviciilor, mobilelor si imobilelor puse in vanzare (pe raftul magazinului,etc.)* b) DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA va publica permanent pe internet,de pe un site propriu ,totalitatea bunurilor mobile si imobile ,a produselor,marfurilor si serviciilor,puse in vanzare (*) ,precum si locatiile,preturile ,stocurile ,calitatea marfurilor si serviciilor,mobilelor si imobilelorpuse in vanzare(*) de catre toate persoanele fizice sau juridice (agenti economici) pentru ca toti partenerii de afaceri (producatori,comercianti,consumatori etc.) sa fie in cunostinta de cauza cand doresc sa-si faca un plan de afaceri (achizitie de marfuri si servicii),pentru a evita specula prin inducerea in eroare a partenerului de afaceri prin supra evaluarea preturilor.(cerera si oferta in necunostinta de cauza a unui partener de afaceri) c) DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA va publica informatiile prevazute la art 1. punctul (a) si (b) pe internet grupate dupa diverse criterii care permit sortarea informatiilor ,astfel incat sa permita cu usurinta identificarea informatiei

solicitate de catre toti partenerii de afaceri.(exemplu: obiecte sanitare ,automobile,imobile,care la randul lor pot fi clasificate dupa cantitate , pret,calitate,locatia de vanzare,etc.) d) DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA va realiza sau cumpara pe suport informatic aplicatia prevazuta la art1 punctul (c) si va publica pe internet modelul de cerere prin care persoanele fizice sau juridice sa-si poata publica oferta de vanzare pe internet. e) DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA va realiza securizarea informatiilor publicate pe internet,colaborind cu firme specializate din domeniu (serviciul de telecomunicatii speciale,firme care produc soft in domeniul securitatii informatiilor pe internet) respectand legile in vigoare. f) Persoanele fizice sau juridice pot sa afiseze toate datele necesare vanzarii prevazute la art 1 punctul (a) si (b) si pe un site propriu ,o pagina web inchiriata sau intr-un ziar cu respectarea obligatorie insa a art1 punctul (a). art 2. a) actualizarea locatiilor ,preturilor, stocurilor,calitatii marfurilor si serviciilor,bunurilor mobile sau imobile sa se faca doar la epuizarea marfurilor,produselor sau stocurilor puse in vanzare(*) sau la cererea expresa si motivata a persoanelor fizice sau juridice respectand procedura de le art 3 din prezenta lege. b) cererea persoanelor fizice sau juridice amintita la art 2 a) se poate realiza pentru motiv de forta majora ( razboi,stare de necesitate,acte de vandalism savarsite in locatia respectiva),schimbarea locatiei,schimbarea domiciliului persoanei fizice sau juridice,a pietei pe care acestia opereaza. art 3. locatiile (locul de vanzare) preturile ,stocurile si calitatile marfurilor,serviciilor,mobilelor si imobilelor puse in vanzare (*) se comunica de catre persoanele juridice sau oficiile infiintate conform art 6. in scris prin orice mijloc de comunicare (fax;e-mail) ,DEPARTAMRNTULUI CERERE SI OFERTA din cadrul OFICIULUI CONCURENTEI folosind o procedura similara cardurilor bancare si folosind drept semnatura , un cod (PIN) obtinut in prealabil si cunoscut doar de catre persoana juridica si Oficiul Concurentei ,sistemul informatic va afisa obligatoriu data si ora transmisiei informatiilor. art 4. obligativitatea OFICIULUI CONCURENTEI prin DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA de a permite copierea acestor pagini web de catre orice persoana interesata in conditiile legii.(daca sunt informatii publice)

DISPOZITII FINALE art 5. a) prezenta lege se aplica tuturor persoanelor fizice sau juridice indiferent de forma de proprietate si indiferent de forma de organizare judiciara (srl;sa;etc.) si indiferent de tipul pietei (capital;taraneasca) pe care acestia opereaza.

b) prezenta lege se aplica tuturor bunurilor mobile si imobile prin obligativitatea intocmirii si a unui act autentic : contract de vanzare-cumparare (la notariat sau judecatorie dupa caz) si inscrierea imobilului sau mobilului in Cartea Funciara. c) in cazul marfurilor ,produselor si serviciilor punctul (b) chitanta si factura fiind suficiente.

nu se aplica prevederile art 5.

d) inchiderea procedurii de vanzare din locatia respectiva se va comunica in scris DEPARTAMENTULUI CERERE SI OFERTA respectand art 3. din prezenta lege . art 6. in cazul persoanelor fizice sau piata taraneasca cu ducerea la indeplinire a prezentei legi se infiinteaza in fiecare judet o sucursala a DEPARTAMENTULUI CERERE SI OFERTA avand in cadrul acestei sucursale un OFICIU LOGISTICA INFORMATIZATA care sa preia informatiile in scris (sub semnatura privata) de la cetateni si sa organizeze logistica informatizata privind locatiile de vanzare ,preturi,stocuri puse in vanzare (*) si calitati ale marfurilor,bunurilor mobile si imobile pentru toate persoanele fizice interesate in procesul de vanzarecumparare din locatia (piata) respectiva. art 7. Oficiile infiintate conform art 6. din prezenta lege au obligatia prin lege sa aplice neconditionat art 1. din prezenta lege , cu precizarea ca aceste informatii sa fie afisate si electronic la vedere in piata publica sau privata pe care o au in subordine sau cu care acestea colaboreaza , respectand prevederile art 1. punctul (c) art 8. Organele de control abilitate de legile in vigoare au obligator acces la logistica informatizata a institutiilor infiintate conform art 6. sau 9. privind locatiile de vanzare ,preturi ,stocuri si calitati ale marfurilor,bunurilor mobile sau imobile puse in vanzare pentru toate persoanele fizice sau juridice. art 9. prin prezenta lege se infiinteaza DEPARTAMENTUL CERERE SI OFERTA din cadrul OFICIULUI CONCURENTEI care sa puna la dispozitia organelor de control toata logistica informatizata privind locatiile de vanzare,preturi ,stocuri si calitati ale marfurilor,bunurilor mobile si imobile , pentru toate persoanele fizice sau juridice indiferent de forma de organizare judiciara (srl;sa;etc.) si indiferent de tipul pietei (capital; taraneasca;etc.) pe care acestia opereaza.

SANCTIUNI art 10. Nerespectarea art 1. si art 3.se sanctioneaza cu: a) retragerea autorizatiei de functionare a persoanei juridice (agent economic;notar;etc.) sau desfacerea contractului de munca a administratorului OFICIULUI LOGISTICA INFORMATIZATA din cadrul sucursalei DEPARTAMENTULUI CERERE SI

OFERTA a localitatii respective. b) amenda pentru persoanele fizice in valoare de 2000 lei (RON) si confiscarea marfii gasita asupra persoanei fizice,daca aceste persoane savarsesc fapte de comert in exteriorul pietelor special constituite (capital;taraneasca;etc.) ,valoarea amenzii va fi indexata in raport cu inflatia. art 11. sanctiunea se constata de catre OFICIUL PENTRU PROTECTIA CONSUMATORULUI din localitatea respectiva unde sa savarsit fapta sau de catre orice autoritate centrala cu atributii in domeniul protectiei consumatorului (de ex: AUTORITATEA NATIONALA DE CONTROL) ,SANCTIUNEA FIIND EXECUTORIE. NOTA DE FUNDAMENTARE a) Legea informatiilor publice b) Codul civil c) Drept civil-contracte d) Constitutia Romaniei NOTA: acest proiect de lege a fost transmis Parlamentului Romaniei (Camera Deputatilor) fiind respins ca neconstitutional (fara a intra insa in dezbaterea Parlamentului ) autorul ne putand ataca exceptia de neconstitutionalitate la Curtea Constitutionala a Romaniei , la acea data , deaceea autorul a introdus doar un MOTTO la prezenta lucrare cu gandul ca in viitor societatea va gasi corecta si pertinenta aceasta lucrare sau o va perfectiona in folosul umanitatii , in paralel cu progresul din cadrul tehnologiei informatiei si comunicarii. toate drepturile rezervate autorului . e-mail: cialmateodor@ yahoo.com

Globalisation World Trade "Internet Market" The legislative framework - The Law and request Offer author: CIALMA TEODOR - VLADIMIR e-mail: [email protected] This

paper was written :

1. to inform the consumer on-line, correctly, completely and especially on the official location of the producer, dealer, products and services they sell quality products and services, if at the time there in search marketing products and services, etc., because the created site (hereinafter suggestive "internet market") with its subdivisions: auto market, the real estate market; peasant market, financial market banking, etc., must be an obilgatie from state institutions to create the framework legal operation of such markets, the internet, because the State is itself a business partner, as his tax policies, the economy in a channel balanced development of the whole society, with obvious

purpose of creating a social blanket "middle" very consistent, thus raising the standard of living of the population and to reduce disparities between rich and poor. 2. to create legal justification for the wealth created by removing the possibility of introducing circuit healthy economic society, income derived from illegal acts, or work in black, in the sense of existence of a real supply and demand between manufacturer, supplier and consumers, without enclosing any of the state institutions, the possibility of citizens to accumulate gains, because the State itself is obliged to create premises development company, with a provision of rights and freedoms as citizens entitled to the free initiative of citizens. 3. to raise both state institutions and business partners (manufacturers, traders, consumers) need for modernization and computerization of the economic process (issuance of invoices and receipts in electronic form in triplicate, in a box email prestbilita initial by the Ministry of Finance together with business partners, on their official site, based on a card that contains the "code number" business partner and a PIN issued by the same Minister of Finance) in accordance with new f 4. to simplify the procedure for sanction and public auction that the search on-line business opportunities.indings in information technology and communication. NOTE: All information on: location of manufacturer, dealer, no phone; products and services they sell quality products and services, the price offered for sale are still public and mandatory (especially prices to display a visible ), but currently they have access to a small number of business partners and not officially anyway, because even the producers, traders, public folders through such data, but the method chosen by them is very expensive, require a waste paper and jumbo coloring, and even has the effect of environmental pollution, because a small part of the leaflets are used by citizens in order to inform them, otherwise those leaflets with regret to say go to the dogs. Distributors of such leaflets have any low wages and are likely to pay black, could be used effectively by retraining registration required sale purchase data on that site, to ensure cleanliness in the shop, arranging the products on the shelves, etc., because in the future would be desirable to have more order in all areas of activity. NEWS. Because some information is not public (eg stocks of goods put on sale) they will not be viewed on-line than the Ministry of Finance or other authority established by the Control Law MOTTO: This paper, I propose to raise awareness and state institutions and business partners, (producers, traders, consumers) need Establishment of a similar Internet markets any other type of market existence until now, in which business partners can and to sell goods and services freely, without intermediaries, and make their own advertising on the Internet, stiindu to the ad is the soul of commerce, and the Member States, having only the role of creating the legal framework for the operation of such markets. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Articles 1. a) any physical or juridical person has the obligation, under this law, to communicate the Department's request and offer, start the procedure for the sale of all goods and mobile buildings, products, goods and services made available for sale and locations, prices , stocks, quality products, goods and services, mobilelor buildings and made available for sale (raftul shop, etc..) b) APPLICATION AND OFFER Department will publish Standing on the Internet, a site on their own, all mobile assets and property, products, goods and services made available for sale (*) and locations, prices, stocks, the quality of goods and services , mobilelor and imobilelorpuse on sale (*) by all natural or legal persons (economic) for all business partners (manufacturers, traders, consumers, etc.). to be informed in due time and want to make a plan business (acquisition of goods and services), to avoid speculation in the induction of error business partner over the price assessment. (request and offer necunostinta because of a business partner) c) APPLICATION AND OFFER Department will publish the information provided in Article 1. (a) and (b) on the Internet grouped according to various criteria allowing sorting information, so we can easily allow the identification of information required by all business partners. (such as sanitary, automobiles, buildings, which themselves may be classified according to quantity, price, quality, location of sale, etc.). d) APPLICATION AND OFFER Department will carry out or buy the support provided to the application art1 (c) and will publish on the Internet model claim that natural or legal persons to be able to publish and offer for sale on the Internet. e) APPLICATION AND OFFER Department will conduct security information published on the internet, colaborind with companies specializing in the field (telecommunications service, the companies that produce software in the field of security information on the Internet) respecting the laws in force. f) natural or legal persons can display all the necessary sale as provided in Article 1 (a) and (b) and a site on their own, rented a web page or in a newspaper in compliance with the mandatory, but the art1 (a) . Article 2. a) updating locations, prices, stocks, quality of goods and services, movable or immovable property to make just exhausted goods, products or stocks put on sale (*) or at the express request of and motivated individuals or legal procedure respecting them Article 3 of this law. b) the application of natural or legal persons mentioned in Article 2 a) can be done to force major reason (the war, state of necessity, acts of vandalism against in that location), change location, change of residence natural or legal person, on Market which they operate. Article 3. locations (the place of sale) prices, stocks and qualities of goods, services, buildings and mobilelor made available for sale (*) to communicate by legal persons or offices established under Article 6. written by any means of communication (fax, e-mail), DEPARTAMRNTULUI DEMAND AND SUPPLY OFFICE of the CONCURENTEI using a procedure similar to bank cards and using as a signature, a code (PIN) obtained in advance and known only by a legal person and Competition Office, the system will display the required date and time information transmission. Article 4 OFFICE obligation by CONCURENTEI DEPARTMENT REQUEST AND OFFER to allow copying of these web sites by any person interested in the law. (if they are public information) FINAL PROVISIONS Article 5. a) This law applies to any natural or legal person whatever form of ownership and any form of judicial organization (srl;; etc.). and regardless of the type of

market (capital, peasant) which they operate. b) This law applies to all buildings and mobile assets through intocmirii obligation and a genuine act: the contract of sale and purchase (or notary judecatorie by case) and real estate registration or mobile phone in Funciara book. c) in case of goods, products and services do not apply the provisions of Article 5. (b) receipt and invoice is sufficient. d) the procedure for closing the sale of location that will communicate in writing DEPARTAMENTULUI REQUEST AND OFFER respecting Article 3. of this law.. Article 6. In the case of individuals or the peasant market with ducerea out of this law is established in each county branch of a DEPARTAMENTULUI REQUEST AND OFFER having a branch within this OFICIU LOGISTICS INFORMATIZATA to take the information in writing (under private signature) from citizens and to organize logistics informatizata locations on sales prices, stocks put on sale (*) and qualities of goods, out of movable and immovable property for all individuals interested in the process of sale and purchase of location (the market) said. Article 7. Offices set up under Article 6. in this law are bound by law to apply Article 1 unconditional. of this law, specifying that such information will be displayed and the electronic market in the public or private that have a subordine or with which they collaborate, respecting the provisions of Article 1. (c) receipt Article 8. Authorities Control empowered by the laws in force obligator have access to logistics informatizata institutions established under Article 6. or 9.. locations on sales prices, stocks and qualities of goods, movable or immovable property put on sale for all natural or legal persons. Article 9. By this law is founded DEPARTMENT INQUIRY AND OFFER OFFICE CONCURENTEI within which to put at the disposal of bodies control the entire logistics informatizata locations on sales prices, stocks and qualities of goods, out of movable and immovable property for all individuals or regardless of the legal form of judicial organization (srl;; etc.). and regardless of the type of market (capital, peasant, etc.). which they operate. SANCTIUNI Article 10. Violating Article 1. and article 3 sanctioned by: a) withdraw the functioning authorisation of the legal person (trader, notary, etc.). disposal or contract labor OFFICE LOGISTICS INFORMATIZATA manager of the branch DEPARTAMENTULUI REQUEST AND OFFER city. b) fine for individuals amounting to 2000 lei (RON) and confiscation of goods found on the person, if these people savarsesc facts trade in particular markets outside established (capital, peasant, etc.). the value of the fine will be indexed in the report with inflation. Article 11. penalty is established by OFFICE FOR CONSUMER PROTECTION in the town where he savarsit deed or by any central authority with powers in the field of consumer protection (eg NATIONAL AUTHORITY CONTROL), SANCTIUNEA BEING EXECUTORIE. NOTE FOR FUNDAMENTARE a) public information law 544/12.10.2001 b) the Civil Code c) As a civil contracts d) The Constitution of Romania NOTE: This draft law was submitted to the Romanian Parliament (Chamber of Deputies) being rejected as neconstitutional (without entering the debate in Parliament but) we can attack the exception of unconstitutionality to the Constitutional Court of Romania, therefore the only one introduced to this MOTTO work thinking that in

future the company will find the correct and relevant work or one that will enhance the benefit of humanity, in parallel with progress in information technology and communication. All rights reserved author. e-mail: [email protected]