Ges 679 Geospatial Standards Development

GES 679 Geospatial Standards Development

Julie Binder Maitra September 19, 2009

Topics • Introductions • Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) • Standards organizations

Introductions • • • • •

Exchange of business cards What do you do? How is GIS relevant to your work? Why did you enroll in the course? What do you want to take away from the course?

SDI - Definitions •

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The means to assemble geographic information that describes the arrangement and attributes of features and phenomena on the Earth. “The technology, policies, standards, and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute and improve utilization of geospatial data”

SDI - Definitions •

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“The policies, organizational remits, data, technologies, standards, delivery mechanisms, and financial and human resources necessary …” “the policies, technologies, standards and human resources necessary for the effective collection, management, access, delivery and utilization of geospatial data’.”

SDI - Components Web portal/services/clearinghouse

Metadata Framework

GEOdata

Standards Partnerships

SDI - Components • • • • •

Network Spatial Data Data catalogues/clearinghouses/registries Web services An Integrating Framework

SDI - Framework • Guidelines/policies • “Core” data • Standards – Metadata – “Core” data – Other spatial data – Services

• Institutional capacity and partnerships

SDI – a visualization Users

Discovery Processing Data

SDI Requirements Support SDI Imperatives with Geospatial Information  Transforming from…  Legacy stove-piped, linear, and time-consuming products  Imagery, Imagery Intelligence, Geospatial information

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To… – Fused, non-linear, rapid and accessible – Fully-integrated, virtual, earthreferenced information/knowledge

Relevant Common Operating Picture

Imagery

Imagery Intelligence

Terrain Elevation Data Geodetic Data Hydrographic Data Topographic Data Aeronautical Data Imagery Intelligence Data

ON DATA FU SI

Geospatial Information GEOINT Knowledge Foundation

SDI in Practice • Ad hoc and developing SDIs have existed for over 10 years. • Baseline of standards support SDI implementation • Spatial data portals and clearinghouse networks enable users to discover and access geographic data

SDI in Practice • Standards-compliant metadata and catalogues/registries underpin spatial data portals and clearinghouse networks • A growing number of commercial products conform to OGC standards • Demonstrations and operating implementations show that interoperability is achievable

Discussion • • • • •

What are the components of an SDI? What might be some “core” data sets? Do SDIs have intrinsic value? What geographic extent might an SDI have? What might be the “final state” of the SDI? Is there a “final state”?

A global view User Applications drawing on Regional/ & supporting SDIs Multi-national

National

Global GSDI

Poverty Reduction E-Gov & E-Business Disaster Management Land Tenure Health Monitoring Market Development and … many others

State, local

Standards and Profiles for Infrastructure & Applications Source: Henry Tom

Examples of SDIs • Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (GSDI), www.gsdi.org • Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) – continental, inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu • National Spatial Data Infrastructure (U.S.) – national, www.fgdc.gov

Standards organizations • Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) • INCITS Technical Committee L1, Geographic information systems • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) • ISO, the International Organization for Standardization • ISO Technical Committee 211, Geographic information/Geomatics • Open Geospatial Consortium

Federal Geographic Data Committee •

The FGDC is an interagency committee that promotes the coordinated development, use, sharing, and dissemination of geospatial data on a national basis.

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Standards facilitate the development, sharing, and use of geospatial data.

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The FGDC develops standards only when there are no equivalent externally developed standards

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“The FGDC develops geospatial data standards for implementing the NSDI, in consultation and cooperation with State, local, and tribal governments, the private sector and academic community, and, to the extent feasible, the international community.”

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Non-Federal representatives may provide technical input and comment on FGDC standards

• INCITS Technical Committee L1, Geographic Information Systems – “The work of INCITS L1 consists of adopting or adapting information technology standards and developing standards used in creating, defining, describing, and processing digital geographic data.” • INCITS L1 is the means by which government agencies, private companies, and professional organizations participate in ISO and ANSI standardization activities for geographic information.

• INCITS L1 serves as the U.S. technical advisory group (TAG) to ISO Technical Committee 211 (ISO TC 211), Geographic information/Geomatics. • The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has accredited The InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) to develop standards for Information and Communications Technologies (ICT). • INCITS comprises many technical committees, including INCITS L1, which develop standards in specific topic areas of ICT.

INCITS L1 members American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Bentley Systems Inc ESRI Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) George Mason University (GMU) Lockheed Martin Corporation National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Northrop Grumman Oracle SeiCorp U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Department of Homeland Security U.S. Army Corps of Engineers U.S. Geological Survey

Is your organization represented on INCITS L1?

How to join INCITS L1 • You may find information about joining INCITS Technical Committee L1 through the INCITS website, www.incits.org • Memberships run from December 1 November 30: mark your calendars!

• ANSI is the U.S. member body of ISO, the International Organization for Standardization • ANSI is a non-governmental organization • ANSI is not a standards development organization; rather it accredits standards developers, certification bodies, and technical advisory groups (TAGs) to both ISO and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

• ANSI-accredited development organizations are frequently trade associations: for example, the Information Technology Information Council (ITIC) hosts the INCITS Secretariat. • ANSI’s other roles include – Publishing notices of national adoption of standards and public review of standards in the ANSI Standards Action newsletter. – Reviewing final draft standards through its Board of Standards Review (BSR) • Standards developed through ANSI-accredited organizations such as ASTM International (formerly American Society for Testing and Materials) are allowed to bypass the BSR, based on their extensive history of standards development.

• ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is the world's largest developer and publisher of International Standards. • ISO is a network of the national standards institutes of 162 countries, with a Central Secretariat that coordinates the system: “one country, one vote”

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ISO is an NGO that bridges the public and private sectors. Many member institutes are part of the governmental structure of their countries, or are mandated by their government. Others have their roots in the private sector, having been set up by national partnerships of industry associations. • ISO is not an acronym! It does not stand for “International Standardization Organization,” as translations into different languages would result in different acronyms. Whatever the country, whatever the language, the short form of the organization's name is always ISO. • ISO comprises many technical committees, the most relevant to us being ISO Technical Committee 211, Geographic information/Geomatics

ISO TC 211 Geographic information/Geomatics … building the foundation of the geospatial infrastructure, brick by brick ...

The goal of ISO/TC 211... ... is to develop a family of international standards that will • • • • • •

support the understanding and usage of geographic information increase the availability, access, integration, and sharing of geographic information enable inter-operability of geospatially enabled computer systems contribute to a unified approach to addressing global ecological and humanitarian problems ease the establishment of spatial data infrastructures on local, regional and global level contribute to sustainable development

Scope of ISO/TC 211 •

Standardization of digital geographic information.

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This work aims to establish a structured set of standards for information about objects or phenomena directly or indirectly associated with a location relative to the Earth.

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These standards may specify methods, tools and services for data management (including definition and description), acquiring, processing, analyzing, accessing, presenting, and transferring data in digital/electronic form between different users, systems and locations.

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These standards shall link to appropriate standards for information technology and data wherever possible, and provide a framework for the development of sector-specific applications using geographic data.

ISO/TC 211 organization Jinsoo You Paul Smits

JAG

Andrew Jones Jinsoo You Vacant

WG 4 Morten Borrebæk Norway

Geospatial services

TMG TF 211/204

Chairman Olaf Østensen Secretary Bjørnhild Sæterøy Norway

Imagery

AG Outreach HMMG PMG

TF 211/SC 24

WG 6 Douglas O’Brien Canada

AG Strategy

WG 7 Antony Cooper South Africa

Information communities

Chairman

Henry Tom, Hans Knoop

John Herring Serena Coetzee

WG 9 Hiroshi Imai Japan

Information management

WG 10 Sang-Ki Hong Korea

Ubiquitous Public Access

ISO/TC 211 voting members Australia Austria Belgium Canada China Czech Rep. Denmark Ecuador Finland France Germany

Hungary Italy Japan Rep. of Korea Malaysia Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Peru Portugal

Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Serbia South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Thailand United Kingdom United States of America

ISO/TC 211 non-voting members Argentina

India

Philippines

Bahrain

Indonesia

Poland

Brunei Darussalam

Isl. Rep. of Iran

Romania

Colombia

Ireland

Slovakia

Croatia

Israel

Slovenia

Cuba

Jamaica

Tanzania

Estonia

Kenya

Turkey

Greece

Mauritius

Ukraine

Hong Kong

Oman

Uruguay

Iceland

Pakistan

Zimbabwe

External liaisons • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

CEOS, Committee on Earth Observation Satellites DGIWG, Defence Geospatial Information Working Group EuroGeographics EuroSDR, European Spatial Data Research ESA, European Space Agency FIG, International Federation of Surveyors GSDI, Global Spatial Data Infrastructure IAG, International Association of Geodesy ICA, International Cartographic Association ICAO, International Civil Aviation Organization IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society IHB, International Hydrographic Bureau ISCGM, International Steering Committee for Global Mapping ISPRS, International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing JRC, Joint Research Centre, European Commission OGC, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. OGP, International Association of Oil and Gas Producers PAIGH, Panamerican Institute of Geography and History

External liaisons • • • • • • • • • • • • •

PCGIAP, The Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific PC IDEA, Permanent Committee on Spatial Data Infrastructure for the Americas SCAR, Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research UN Economic Commission for Africa UN Economic Commission for Europe, Statistical Division UNGEGN, United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names UNGIWG, United Nations Geographic Information Working Group UN FAO, Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations UPU, Universal Postal Union WMO, World Meteorological Organization CEN/TC 287, Geographic information CEN/ISSS Workshop on Metadata for Multimedia Information - Dublin Core CEN/TC 278, Road Transport and Traffic Telematics

Internal liaisons • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 24 Computer graphics and image processing ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 Automatic identification and data capture techniques ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32 Data Management and Interchange ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 36 Information technology for learning, education and training ISO/TC 20 /SC 13 Space data and information transfer systems ISO/TC 59/SC 13 Organization of information about construction works ISO/TC 69 – Applications of statistical methods ISO/TC 154 Processes, data elements and documents in commerce, industry and administration ISO/TC 171 Document management application ISO/TC 184/SC 4 Industrial data and global manufacturing languages ISO/TC 204 Transport Information and Control Systems ISO/TC 207 Environmental management ISO/TC 241 Project Committee: Road-Traffic Safety Management System SCIT, The ISO Steering Committee for Image Technology The Study Group on Sensor Networks

Special groups

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Advisory group on strategy

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HMMG – Harmonized Model Maintenance Group – harmonization of UML models

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Advisory group on outreach

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JAG – ISO/TC 211 / OGC Joint Advisory Group

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TMG – Terminology maintenance group

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PMG – Programme Maintenance Group Task force to support convergence between relevant ISO/TC 204 and ISO/TC 211 projects

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Task force to support convergence between relevant JTC 1/SC 24 and ISO/TC 211 projects

• OGC is an international consortium of vendors, content providers, integrators, other technology providers, government agencies and universities • OGC develops advanced open systems standards and techniques in geoprocessing and related information technologies. • OGC interface and encoding specifications enable interoperability among diverse geospatial data stores, services, and applications. OGC Vision A world in which everyone benefits from geospatial information …

“Tenets” • Geospatial information should be easy to find • Once found, geospatial information should be easy to access or acquire • Geospatial information from different sources should be easy to integrate, combine, or use in spatial analyses • Geospatial information from different sources should be easy to register, superimpose, and render for display. • Special displays and visualizations should be easy to generate, even when many sources and types of data are involved. • It should be easy to incorporate into enterprise information systems geoprocessing resources from many software and content providers.

Putting it all together

Organizational relationships

De Facto

Functional relationships IETF / W3C OGC

IT Infrastructure

Interface and Encoding ISO/TC 211 Conceptual modeling

De Jure

Data spec methodologies FGDC Thematic data standards

Domain

Infrastructure

Discussion • Name the standards organizations discussed today • Describe what each organization does • Describe organizational relationships among the standards bodies discussed today • Describe functional relationships among the standards bodies discussed today • What is the difference between de facto and de jure standards?

Future classes • Standards processes and expectations • Standards reference models • Select geospatial standards

References • FGDC, www.fgdc.gov • INCITS Technical Committee L1, Geographic information systems, l1.incits.org • INCITS, www.incits.org • ANSI, www.ansi.org • ISO, www.iso.org • ISO TC 211, www.isotc211.org • Open Geospatial Consortium, www.opengeospatial.org

Thank you! (Ms.) Julie Binder Maitra Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Chair, FGDC Standards Working Group International Representative, INCITS Technical Committee L1, Geographic Information Systems Email: [email protected] Phone: (703) 648 4627 GMT -5 h Web: FGDC Standards: www.fgdc.gov/standards/ INCITS L1: l1.incits.org LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/juliebindermaitra "We live in two worlds: the world that we can measure with line and rule, and the world that we feel with our hearts and imagination." - Leigh Hunt