Fmo Es For Mfis Partb Field Guide

Social and Environmental Field Guide for Micro Finance Institutions

Working with Clients on the Social and Environmental Aspects of Microfinance

PART B: FIELD GUIDE

1

Sector factsheets Sector Factsheets are available for all 24 sectors mentioned in the previous section. In case factsheets are missing or sectors that are important a particular MFI they need to be developed. Other factsheets can serve as the basis here. In case the factsheets do not include factors that are important for the business of a particular MFI, modifications need to be made. In this Field guide, factsheets are included for the following activities / sectors:

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

A1 Crop growing A2 Animal Husbandry A3 Fishery S1 Shop/Retail/Market S2 Restaurant/Tea Stall S3 Tourism S4 Healthcare S5 Transportation S6 Wholesale Trade P1 Handicrafts P2 Leather Tanning P3 Brick/Tile P4 Metalworking / Electroplating P5 Painting & printing P6 Auto/Motor repair P7 Wood/metal Processing P8 Charcoal production P9 Garments production P10 Textile Dying P11 Ceramics,Pottery,Glazing P12 Glass manufacturing P13 Mining P14 Forestry P15 Food processing

2

In the overview below, the content and lay-out of the factsheets is being explained.

3

… using (a) machine(s)

[E]

… using chemicals/paint/solvents/ lubricants/pesticides/fertilizers

… polluting water

… extracting clay or minerals … catching fish … keeping animals

Fishery

Shop / Retail / Market Stall

Restaurant / Tea Stall

Tourism

Healthcare

Transportation

Wholesale Trade

Handicrafts

Leather tanning

Brick/tile manufacturing

Metalworking & Electroplating

Painting & Printing

Auto / Motor repair

Wood/metal Processing & Finishing

Charcoal Production

Garments production

Textile dying

Ceramics, Pottery, Glazing

Glass Manufacturing

Mining

Forestry

Food Processing

A3

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6

P1

P2

P3

P4

P5

P6

P7

P8

P9

P10

P11

P12

P13

P14

P15

x

x [L] [H&S] [E]

[H&S]

[E]

[H&S]

[E]

[H&S]

… processing food … clearing forest for land cultivation

A2

x




[H&S]

… working in bad conditions

… causing emissions to air

A1

x

[H&S]

… employing children

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

Animal husbandry

.. when the Client is … 

Crop growing

Labour

Health and Safety

Environment

'

' indicates when a risk is possible, but not probable, 'x' indicates when in a sector there is a relevant risk possibility …

[L]







x




x

x







x

x

x

x

x

x










x

x

x

x













x

x

x

x

x

x










x




x
















x




x










x
















x







x

x

x

x

x

x




x

x

x

x

x

x



















x

x




x




x




x




x

x

x
















x










x




x







x







x







x

x

x

x

x




x

x




x




x











x

[H&S]

x

[E]

x










x










x

x




[E]




x







x

x x

x

x

[E] [H&S]

x










A1 Agriculture – Crop Growing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

… using (a) machine(s)

• • •

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout














… using chemicals/ lubricants/pesticides/fertiliz ers

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

• •

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication









… clearing forest for land cultivation

… employing children

[E] Forest is managed unsustainable (illegal and/or without reforestation plan)

[L] Children are being employed

•

•

Deforestation, if not performed carefully and in a sustainable way causes land erosion and degradation, and eventually mud streams and water floods




Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood











Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages and draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Do not over-use chemicals Consider integrated pest control Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Agree only on permitted and sustainable forms of use of pristine land Apply reforestation: plant new trees

Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Back to top Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Farmers should use pesticides that are permitted. Farmers should consider to carry out integrated pest management (biological – physical – chemical) Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

A2 Agriculture – Animal Husbandry

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Animals are kept near eating / sleeping

•

Animals can spread diseases




Keep animals in a separate area

[E] Forest is managed unsustainable (illegal and/or without reforestation plan)

•

Deforestation, if not performed carefully and in a sustainable way causes land erosion and degradation, and eventually mud streams and water floods




Agree only on permitted and sustainable forms of use of pristine land

[L] Children are being employed

•

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

… keeping animals

… clearing forest for land cultivation

… employing children




Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Farmers should use pesticides that are permitted. Farmers should consider to carry out integrated pest management (biological – physical – chemical) Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

A3 Agriculture - Fishery

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] illegal fishing methods are being practiced

•

… catching fish

•

Fishing with explosives, chemicals and/or illegal methods leads to useless killing of extra (small) fish and other marine flora and fauna Imported species can harm the regional ecosystem (e.g. predators, pests)








… employing children

… using chemicals/ pesticides/explosifs

[L] Children are being employed

[H&S] No protective equipment and safeguards are available to workers (masks, goggles, gloves, overalls) [H&S] No material safety data sheets (or other safety leaflets) are available

•

•

•

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Preventing contact with acids, pigments, solvents diminishes skin irritation, chronic lung disease Material Safety Data Sheets keep you informed about use and safety aspects of chemicals













Support sustainable forms of fishery Only use nets and fishing methods that keep small fish and extra catch alive and healthy Use species of origin, or keep ‘foreign’ species strictly separate Observe fishery regulations, such as closed seasons Report any changes in fish stocks and marine habitat to authorities Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Do not over-use chemicals Make protective equipment and safeguards available to workers (masks, goggles, gloves, overalls) Have material safety data sheets available Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipmentand first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Use only pesticides that are permitted. Consider to carry out integrated pest management (biological – physical – chemical)

S1 Service – Shop / Retail / Market Stall

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[L] Children are being employed

•

… employing children

… processing food

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

[H&S] perishable ingredients (especially meat, poultry and fish) are not kept fresh and cool [H&S] basic hygienic practices are not enforced (washing hands, clean tools, clean water)

•

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

•

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood






Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

A clean workspace prevents from diseases and germs Clean, uncontaminated food is healthy and prevents serious illness and is thus protecting your clients (= business)







Keep the working area clean Wash hands and tools at all times Use clean water only Have first aid kit available

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water




Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies






Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

S2 Service – Restaurant / Tea Stall

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[L] Children are being employed

•

… employing children

… processing food

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

[H&S] perishable ingredients (especially meat, poultry and fish) are not kept fresh and cool [H&S] basic hygienic practices are not enforced (washing hands, clean tools, clean water)

•

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

•

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood






Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

A clean workspace prevents from diseases and germs Clean, uncontaminated food is healthy and prevents serious illness and is thus protecting your clients (= business)







Keep the working area clean Wash hands and tools at all times Use clean water only Have first aid kit available

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water




Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies






Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

S3 Service - Tourism

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[L] Children are being employed

•

… employing children

… working in bad conditions

[L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

• •

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress










Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate

In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

S4 Service - Healthcare

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] No protective equipment and safeguards are available to workers (masks, goggles, gloves, overalls) [H&S] No material safety data sheets (or other safety leaflets) are available

•

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

… using chemicals/pharmaceutical substances

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

•

Preventing contact with acids, pigments, solvents diminishes skin irritation, chronic lung disease Material Safety Data Sheets keep you informed about use and safety aspects of chemicals





Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water














Do not over-use chemicals Make protective equipment and safeguards available to workers (masks, goggles, gloves, overalls) Have material safety data sheets available Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit without permit (e.g. Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1974) Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

S5 Service - Transportation

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

… using (a) machine(s)

• • •

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout















… causing emissions to air

[E] [H&S] Smoke / exhaust gas is being produced and emitted while no filters are being used

•

•

Using filters and proper chimneys prevents nearby residents from contact with contaminated gases Reducing air emissions prevents global warming (CO2 emission)








Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Reduce unnecessary burning Maintain burners and adjust them well Use clean fuel, Use filters, Use chimneys Use closed heating / burning systems Re-use heat (energy)

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Drivers should have license and be permitted to drive

In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

S6 Service – Wholesale Trade

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

… working in bad conditions

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights

• •

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights














Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals Client should have proper trade licenses

In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P1 Production - Handicrafts

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[L] Children are being employed

•

… employing children

… working in bad conditions

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

• • •

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress















Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P2 Production – Leather tanning

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

… using chemicals / acids / dyes

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

•

•

•

… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

… polluting water

… working in bad conditions

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

•

•

• •

Preventing contact with acids, pigments, solvents diminishes skin irritation, chronic lung disease Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication Material Safety Data Sheets keep you informed about use and safety aspects of chemicals





Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water




Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals) Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress






















Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

Residuals (i.e. hair) should not be burnt in the open Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Tanning is a large sector in most developing countries. The major effluents consist of heavy metals, organic compounds, and liquid detergents, which are typically discharged into sewersystems, streams, and rivers. Workers can be exposed to toxic dyes and gases and chromium, leading to skin irritation, intoxication, and damage to vital organs and allergic reactions

P3 Production – Brick / tile manufacturing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] The activities cause erosion and/or land degradation [L] No safety precautions seem available

•

… extracting clay or minerals

• … causing emissions to air

[E] [H&S] Smoke / exhaust gas is being produced and emitted while no filters are being used

•

• … polluting water

… employing children

… working in bad conditions

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[L] Children are being employed

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights

•

• •

Careful and sustainable extraction of clay/minerals prevents land erosion and degradation causing mud streams and water floods Extraction can be dangerous, heavy work and is unsuited for children








Recover land, grow vegetables, plants, trees to prevent land erosion after extraction Use of clay/minerals should be legal, with permission Employees work safe and no excessive overtime Establish contingency plans for accidents

Using filters and proper chimneys prevents nearby residents from contact with contaminated gases Reducing air emissions prevents global warming (CO2 emission)








Reduce unnecessary burning Maintain burners and adjust them well Use clean fuel, Use filters, Use chimneys Use closed heating / burning systems Re-use heat (energy)

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights


















Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Only use chemicals that are permitted. Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P4 Production – Metalworking & Electroplating

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

… using (a) machine(s)

• • •

… using chemicals/paint/solvents/ lubricants

… disposing of production / chemical waste

… polluting water

… working in bad conditions

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

•

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

•

•





Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Separate (toxic) waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights




Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication

















[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights

•

•

•

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water













Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Many metalworking enterprises discharge heavy metals in sewer systems resulting in biological magnification in aquatic life, which in turn poses threats to humans who consume contaminated fish. Workers can be exposed to toxic gases, silica, and asbestos, leading to damaged nervous systems, heat stress, burns cuts, electrical shocks, and chronic lung disease

P5 Production – Painting and printing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

•

… using paint/solvents

•

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication








… disposing of production / chemical waste

… causing emissions to air

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

[E] [H&S] Smoke / exhaust gas is being produced and emitted while no filters are being used

•

•

• … polluting water

… working in bad conditions

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration

•

•





Dispose via community service Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Separate (toxic) waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies

Using filters and proper chimneys prevents nearby residents from contact with contaminated gases Reducing air emissions prevents global warming (CO2 emission)








Reduce unnecessary burning Maintain burners and adjust them well Use clean fuel, Use filters, Use chimneys Use closed heating / burning systems Re-use heat (energy)

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness




Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water












Back to top Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements -

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Solutions, tips, further information -

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Painting and printing involve a number of toxic substances. The improper disposal of pigments, inks, paper waste, and solvents can contaminate soil and water with heavy metals. Exposure to pigments containing cadmium, cobalt, zinc, asbestos, toxic and flammable solvents, and possibly carcinogens can lead to skin irritation, intoxication, metal poisoning and chronic lung disease

P6 Production – Auto / Motor repair

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

… using (a) machine(s)

• • •

… using paint/solvents/ lubricants

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

• •

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication




















… disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

… polluting water

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

• •

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)

Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available




Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service





Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

Don’t throw batteries away or leave them unattended. In case of demontage: keep acids from leaking away Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Auto repair firms can contaminate the environment through the inappropriate disposal of oil, battery acid, and engine sludge into sewer systems and bodies of water.

P7 Production – Wood / metal processing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

… using (a) machine(s)

• • •

… using chemicals/paint/solvents/ lubricants

… working in bad conditions

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

•

•

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication



















• •

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress











Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

-

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service The processing and finishing of wood and metal products involves the use of glues, paints, and solvents, the improper disposal of which can degrade soil and water resources. In addition, depending on location and market conditions, the increased demand for wood, coupled with outdated technology and inadequate regulation, may lead to high waste rates and contribute to unsustainable logging practices. Exposure to glues, paints, solvents, strippers, finishers, and noise can lead to skin irritation, intoxication, damage to vital organs, allergic reactions, and possibly hearing impairment

P8 Production – Charcoal production

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] Forest is managed unsustainable (illegal and/or without reforestation plan)

•

… clearing forest

… causing emissions to air

[E] [H&S] Smoke / exhaust gas is being produced and emitted while no filters are being used

•

• … working in bad conditions

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to smoke, dust

•

Deforestation, if not performed carefully and in a sustainable way causes land erosion and degradation, and eventually mud streams and water floods





Agree only on permitted and sustainable forms of use of pristine land Apply reforestation: plant new trees

Using filters and proper chimneys prevents nearby residents from contact with contaminated gases Reducing air emissions prevents global warming (CO2 emission)








Reduce unnecessary burning Maintain burners and adjust them well Use clean fuel, Use filters, Use chimneys Use closed heating / burning systems Re-use heat (energy)

Clean air working conditions prevent from chronic illness




Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available








Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate

In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P9 Production - Garments

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[L] Children are being employed

•

… employing children

… working in bad conditions

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights

• •

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights













… using (a) machine(s)

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

• • • •

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout















Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepreneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P10 Production – Textile dying

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[H&S] No safeguards are used when necessary [H&S] No relevant Material Safety Data Sheets (or other safety leaflet) are available [H&S] Storage is unsafe, since unlocked, near sleeping/ eating

•

… polluting water

… using chemicals/paint/solvents

•

•

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Applying/handling toxic substances with proper safeguards prevents illness Safe storage prevents from chemical reactions, explosions, fire, leakages and intoxication





Do not over-use chemicals Provide and use safeguards when working with chemicals (mask, goggles, gloves, overall) A separate storage is created, locked away from children and living/eating rooms Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available






… working in bad conditions

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

• • •

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress










Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service The dyeing of textiles can lead to large discharges of particulates, such as alkaline, into local water sources Exposure to poisonous solvents, batiks, corrosive vat and acid dyes, wax dyes can lead to allergic reactions and chronic lung disease

P11 Production – Ceramics, Pottery, Glazing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] The activities cause erosion and/or land degradation

•

… extracting clay or minerals

• … polluting water

… employing children

… working in bad conditions

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

•

[L] Children are being employed

•

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights

•

• •

Careful and sustainable extraction of clay/minerals prevents land erosion and degradation causing mud streams and water floods Extraction can be dangerous, heavy work and is unsuited for children








Recover land, grow vegetables, plants, trees to prevent land erosion after extraction Use of clay/minerals should be legal, with permission Employees work safe and no excessive overtime Establish contingency plans for accidents

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights

















Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P12 Production – Glass Manufacturing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] [H&S] Smoke / exhaust gas is being produced and emitted while no filters are being used

•

… causing emissions to air

• … disposing of organic / production / chemical waste

… working in bad conditions

[E] [H&S] Waste is lying around and/or not properly disposed of

[H&S] Work takes place in unventilated space [H&S] Workers are exposed to dust, noise, vibration [L] There are no clear agreements with employees: they cannot claim their rights [L] There is an unsafe working environment potentially leading to stress (aggression, discrimination, sexual violence)

•

• • •

Using filters and proper chimneys prevents nearby residents from contact with contaminated gases Reducing air emissions prevents global warming (CO2 emission)








Reduce unnecessary burning Maintain burners and adjust them well Use clean fuel, Use filters, Use chimneys Use closed heating / burning systems Re-use heat (energy)

Proper disposal of waste prevents attraction of pests, vermin, rodents or parasites and intoxication of soil and water




Organic waste can be re-used as fertilizer or animal fodder Dispose via community service in stead of burning Have dustbins available; waste lying around attracts even more waste Sell waste/scrap to recycling companies Make agreements with workers about acceptable working hours Ventilate Provide masks and ear plugs Make use of natural light (in other cases: arrange proper artificial/electric lighting) Vulnerable groups (children/women) do not work in dangerous areas Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Clean air and clear sight working conditions prevent from chronic illness Clear agreements with employees should be in place, protecting their rights Working in a unsafe environment (no aggression, discrimination, (sexual) violence) prevents from stress













Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P13 Production – Mining

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] The activities cause erosion and/or land degradation [L] No safety precautions seem available

•

… extracting clay or minerals

• … using (a) machine(s)

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

• • • •

Careful and sustainable extraction of clay/minerals prevents land erosion and degradation causing mud streams and water floods Extraction can be dangerous, heavy work and is unsuited for children




Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout






















… polluting water

[E] [H&S] Waste water / liquids are being released / discharged to water (stream/pond/lake/open sewer)

• •

Contaminated drinking water can harm people who depend on it Contaminated water harms nature (fish, livestock and other animals)







Recover land, grow vegetables, plants, trees to prevent land erosion after extraction Use of clay/minerals should be legal, with permission Employees work safe and no excessive overtime Establish contingency plans for accidents Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available Prevent unnecessary water discharges Use filters Discharge wastewater in controlled sewersystem Discharge toxic waste via community service

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Small-scale mining tends to be associated with a number of serious environmental impacts, including land degradation and chemical pollution (Gavin, 2002). Mining operations move significant amounts of rock and soil that change the surrounding landscape significantly. Alluvial mining operations result in erosion, riverbank destruction, and dam siltation. The processing of ore, especially gold, results in the release of significant quantities of mercury and cyanide. When these chemicals enter water streams they affect aquatic life.

P14 Production – Forestry

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[E] Forest is managed unsustainable (illegal and/or without reforestation plan)

•

… clearing forest

… using (a) machine(s)

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

• • • •

Deforestation, if not performed carefully and in a sustainable way causes land erosion and degradation, and eventually mud streams and water floods




Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout




















Agree only on permitted and sustainable forms of use of pristine land Apply reforestation: plant new trees

Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate

In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service

P15 Production – Food processing

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …

[H&S] perishable ingredients (especially meat, poultry and fish) are not kept fresh and cool [H&S] basic hygienic practices are not enforced (washing hands, clean tools, clean water)

•

[L] Children are being employed

•

… processing food

… employing children

… using (a) machine(s)

[H&S] Machines look unsafe, ill maintained, have dangerous parts [H&S] No safeguards are available and/or used when necessary [E] Leakages, disposals, liquid waste or wastewater drains to stream/river/pond/soil

•

• • • •

A clean workspace prevents from diseases and germs Clean, uncontaminated food is healthy and prevents serious illness and is thus protecting your clients (= business)







Keep the working area clean Wash hands and tools at all times Use clean water only Have first aid kit available

Children should receive education, proper nutrition and health care. They should be protected from abuse and discrimination, able to play and enjoy their childhood





Have children help with light duties only Only outside school hours and pupils must have time and designated place to do homework Children do not operate hazardous machines

Well maintained machines are safe, not dangerous and cheaper in use Operating a machine with proper safeguards prevents accidents Machines can leak oil/lubricants and that will spoil drinking water Malfunctioning Electricity is dangerous and create fallout




















Position machines on a safe spot and cover dangerous moving parts Take up maintenance routine, follow strict maintenance and lubrication practices for the moving parts of equipment Keep machines in good shape and clean Experience operators only Provide and use safeguards (goggles, gloves, mask) Re-use scrap / disposals Stop leakages Stop draining liquid waste Establish contingency plans for accidents Have fire fighting equipment and first aid kit available

Back to top

Background, relevant legislation, minimal requirements

Solutions, tips, further information

-

-

ILO Conventions 138 and 182 No waste(water)disposal without permit Don’t install diesel generator sets without approval certificate Have MSDS available when working with chemicals

-

-

Fix leaks promptly Dripping joints can waste over 76 liters of water a day In case there is no waste disposal facility: Contact (alone or in collaboration with other entrepeneurs) local council and ask for improved public service Food processing activities can discharge significant amounts of untreated wastewater and offal into rivers and streams. This leads to degraded water quality with negative consequences for aquatic life and downstream communities. Also, when the wastewater is trapped in stagnant pools, it can be highly odorous and serves as a breeding area for mosquitoes. Working with sharp blades, grinders, bones can lead to repetitive injuries, skin irritation, and bacterial diseases.

P... Production – …

OBSERVE

ANALYSE

DISCUSS

SUGGEST

The Client is …

There is a risk if …

What is important …

Suggest the client to …