Farming 011.docx

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION Farming systems in India are strategically utilized according to the locations where they are strategically utilized according to the locations where they are most suitable the farming systems that significantly contribute to the agriculture of India are subsistence farming organic farming industrial farming. Regions throughout India differ in types of farming they use, some are based on horticulturely farming, agroforestly and many more (1) due to India’s geographical location certain parts experience different climates thus affecting each regions agriculture productivity differently. India is ery dependent on its monsoon cycle for large crop yields. India’s agriculture has an extensive background which goes back to at least 10 thousand years. Currently the country holds the second position in agricultural production in the world in 2007 agriculture and other industries made up more than 16% of India’s GDP. Despite the steady decline in agriculture’s contribution to the country GDP agriculture is the biggest industry in the country and plays a key role in the socio-economic growth of the country. India is the second biggest producer of wheat rice cotton, sugarcane, silk, groundnut and dozens more. It is also the second biggest harvester of vegetables and fruit representing 8.6% and 10.9% of overall produced by India are mangoes, papayas, sapota and bananas. India also has the biggest number of live stock in the world holding 281 million in 2008, the country housed the second largest number of cattle in world with 175 million.  How agriculture starting History (BC to AD) B.C.  10,000 year – hunting  8,700 sheep, goat keeping 1

 7,500 wheat cultivation  6,000 – cattle keeping  2,900 – Invention of plough and irrigated agriculture  2,200 – paddy cultivation A.D - Agriculture Development  15th century – horticultural crops  20th century – Lord Curzon agri-development  1903 – irrigation commission  1905 – IARI (Puna/Kanpur) Indian  1905-07 – 6 new agri colleges 21 June 1929 – ICAR 1935 – IIARIDELHI Status of Agriculture in India  India is an agricultural country 70-75% of population depends on agriculture one third of India’s National income from agriculture.  Due to Green Revolution in agricultural field now country is selfsufficient in food, grains.  Now India export surplus food-grains and some other agricultural products to other countries.  Ranks 1st in the production of tea and groundnuts ranks 2 nd in the production of rice sugarcane jute and seeds.

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CHAPTER -2 OBJECTIVES 1. To examine production pattern and resource use on the farm. 2. To identify the factors responsible for the present production pattern and resource use on the farm 3. To determined the conditions optimality in the resource use and production on the farm.

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CHAPTER -3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology is way to systematically. Some the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically in it we study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logical behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to know not only the research work is for great importance methodology is the systematic and sequential operation for conduction scientific social survey and research the research topic should be chosen in such a though that will inspire the reader to research more on it the study of any social research responds on systematic observation of certain method the methodological aspect of any empirical investigation has got paramount importance because without a proper method the findings that will be inferred would not give a true picture of study designed any empirical study aiming at valid logical and rest able inference is followed by scientific method consists of systematic observation, classification and interpretation of data the misleading method will make every futile in a study. Therefore in this chapter the researcher intends to present a brier picture of the methodology to which the adopted for the purpose of the integrated project work undertaken by the department of Home Science so that it logic is apparent. The present study entitled “A study on Farmers technology in agriculture sector”. A case study of Puri city said a logical study of Puri city takes the cognizance and incorporates the various research procedures such as selection of topic significance of the study, selection of area selection of sample selection of method collection of data and classification, tabulation and analysis of data. The methodology adopted for the study comprise of the following steps. 1.

Selection of area 4

2.

Selection of sample

3.

Selection of method

4.

Preparation of tool

5.

Conduct of the study

6.

Analysis of data

7.

Limitations of the study

1. Selection of area:Urban areas of Puri will be purposely selected for drawing sample responds 2. Selection of sample:The sample were selected by random sampling method a total sample of 15. 3. Selection of methods:Interview method was selected to collect the information with the help of an interview schedule. 4. Preparation of tool:A

Close/open ended questionnaires scheduled was prepared to collect information.

5. Conduct of study:The purpose of study was introduced to the respondents to collect information. 6. Analysis of data:The collected dates were interpreted and presented to collect information. 7. Limitation of the study:The sample size confined to 15 respondents only, the study will be conduct within the particular period of time and it will cover slum area of Puri city. The data collected is primary data. The finding is applicable only the selected sample and they cannot be generalized.

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CHAPTER -4 RESULT & DISCUSSION Analysis is a process which enters into research consist is general of two layer steps gathering of data and the analysis of these data.but no amount of analysis can be valid from the data factors which are not presented. The data as such have no meaning unless they are analyzed and interpreted.after the data has been collected they must be process and analysis of the social background of the respondents has its special significance. they need to be carefully edited systematically classified, scientifically, analyzed ,intellectually, interpreted and tabulated to reach the conclusion. The data collected are consolidates and the finding are present in the following tables,

Table-1 Sl.No

Variable

Particular

Freque

Percentage

ncy Age

25-35 35-45 45-56

5

33%

5

33%

5

33%

Male

14

93.33 %

Female

1

6.66%

 Unable to read write

2

13.33%

 Primary School

2

13.33%

 High School

3

20%

 Just able to read write

4

26.66%

 Nil

4

26.66%

No of Family 2-4

2

13.33%

4-6

6

40%

1.

2.

Sex

Education

3.

4.

6

>6

7

46.66%

6

40%

Medium

5

33.33%

Poor

4

26.66%

Farming

1-5

8

53.33%

6. Experience

5-10

4

26.66%

>10 year

3

20%

Wealth Status High 5.

7

Table No. 2 Types of a agriculture equipment Sl.No.

Types of a agriculture

Frequency

Percentages

equipment 1

Sickle

1

6.66 %

2

Axe

3

20%

3

Grabbing hoe

1

6.66%

4

Pick

2

13.33%

5

Any other

8

53.33%

6

Total

15

100%

Figure-1 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

7%

20%

53% 7%

13%

Table No-2 show that maximum of 53% use of the equipment minimum of 7% use sickle and grubbing hoe.

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. Table No. 3 Types of a agriculture equipment Sl.No.

Recent used agriculture

Frequency

Percentages

equipment 1

Tractor

3

20%

2

JCB

4

26.66%

3

Combine

2

13.33%

4

Winnowing

4

26.66%

5

Any other

2

13.33%

6

Total

15

100%

Figure-2 1st

2nd

3rd

13%

4th

5th

20%

27%

27%

13%

Table No.3 shows that maximum of 27% use of the equipments minimum of use combine and 14% winnowing.

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Table No. 4 Types of a agriculture equipment Sl.No.

Financial economic status

Frequency

Percentage

1

Low

5

33.33%

2

Medium

4

26.66 %

3

High

6

40 %

4

Total

15

100 %

Table No.4 show that maximum of 40% use the equipment minimum of 27% use medium. Financial economic status

Figure-3 1st

2nd

3rd

33%

40%

27%

10

Table No. 5 Types of a agriculture equipment Sl.No. Economy status after using

Frequency

Percentage

new agriculture equipment

1

Yes

11

73.33

2

No

4

26.66

3

Total

15

100

Table No.5 show that maximum of 73% use the equipment minimum of 27% use. Figure-4 Economic status after using new agri-equipment Yes, No

1st

2nd

27%

73%

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Table No. 6 Types of a agriculture equipment Sl.No.

Benefit using new

Frequency

Percentages

technology 1

Low work

3

20%

2

Saving money

7

46.66%

3

Time saving

3

20%

4

Any other

2

13.33%

5

Total

15

100

Table No.6 shows that maximum of 47% use equipments minimum of 13% use any other. Figure-5 Benefit by using new agriculture technology Low work, saving money, time saving, any other

1st

2nd

3rd

13%

4th

20%

20%

47%

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Table No. 7 Types of crops Sl.No.

Types of crops

Frequency

Percentages

1

Basmati seed

1

6.66

2

Gold seed

4

26.66

3

Hari Sankar Seed

3

20

4

Champa

2

13.33

5

Any other

5

33.33

6

Total

15

100

Table No.7 shows that maximum of 33% use the equipment minimum of 7% use Basmati seed. Figure-7 Recent use of crops now a day 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

10% 20%

40% 30%

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Table No. 8 Recent use of crops now a day Sl.No.

Recent use of crops

Frequency

Percentages

1

Maharaja

1

6.66

2

Puja

1

6.66

3

Samrat

2

13.33

4

Sarala

4

26.66

5

Any other

7

46.66

6

Total

15

100

Table No.8 show that maximum of 47% use the equipment minimum of 7% use Maharaja and puja. Figure-7 Recent use of crops now a day 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6% 7%

13%

47%

27%

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Table No. 9 Chemical use you are Sl.No.

Chemical use you are

Frequency

Percentages

1

Urea

2

13.33

2

Patas

3

20

3

groomer

-3

20

4

Any other

1

46.66

5

Total

15

100

Table No.9 show that maximum of 47% use the equipment minimum of 713 use Maharaja and urea. Figure-8 Chemical use you are 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

13%

47%

20%

20%

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Table No. 10 Recent chemical use you are using now a day Sl.No.

Recent use of chemical

Frequency

Percentages

1

Profen

1

6.66

2

Coragen

3

20

3

Accon

2

13.33

4

Queen

3

20

5

Any other

6

40

6

Total

15

100

Table No.9 show that maximum of 40% use the equipment minimum 7% use profen. Figure-9 Recent chemical use now a day Profen, Coragen, accon, queen, any other

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

7%

20%

40%

13%

20%

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Table No. 11 Water for agriculture field now a day Sl.No.

Water for agriculture

Frequency

Percentages

field now a day

1

Pointer

2

13.33

2

Spinker

2

13.33

3

Drip system

6

40

4

Water pump

4

26.66

5

Any other

1

6.66

6

Total

15

100

Table No.10 show that maximum of 40% use the equipment minimum of 7% use any other Figure-10 Water for agriculture field now a day

1st

2nd

3rd

7%

4th

5th

13%

27%

13%

40%

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Table No. 12 Previous year use of water Sl.No. Previous year use of water

Frequency

Percentages

1

Tenda

2

13.33

2

Well

2

13.33

3

Janta

2

13.33

4

Canal

5

33.33

5

Any other

4

26.66

6

Total

15

100

Table No.11 show that maximum of 33% use the equipment minimum of 13% use Tend, well and Janta. Figure-11 Previous year use of water Tenda, well Janta, Canal, Any other

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

13%

27% 13%

13% 34%

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Table No. 13 Get various types of crops Sl.No. Get various types of crops

Frequency

Percentages

1

Society

6

40

2

Panchayat

2

13.33

3

Agriculture owner

2

13.33

4

Any other

5

33.33

5

Total

15

100

Figure-12 Get various types of crops 1st Qtr

2nd Qtr

3rd Qtr

39% 46%

15%

Table No.12 show that maximum of 40% use the equipment minimum of 13% use panchayat and agriculture owner.

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Table No. 14 Problem of difficulties Sl.No.

New informate malion

Frequency

Percentages

regarding agriculture field

1

Agriculture Minister

4

26.66

2

Monetory Minister

4

26.66

3

Sarapancha

5

33.33

4

Any other

2

13.33

5

Total

15

100

Table No.14 show that maximum of 33% use the equipment minimum of 13% use any other. Figure-13 Problem of difficulties 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

13% 27%

33%

27%

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Table No. 15 Problem of difficulties Sl.No.

Problem of difficulties

Frequency

Percentages

1

Radio

3

20

2

Television

4

26.66

3

Village campaign

7

46.66

4

Any other

1

6.66

5

Total

15

100

Table No.15 show that maximum of 46% use the equipment minimum of 7% use any other. Figure-14 New informate malion regarding agriculture field Radio, Television, Village campaign, Any other. 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

6% 20%

47% 27%

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Table No. 16 Development of agriculture regarding agriculture sector Sl.No.

Development of

Frequency

Percentages

agriculture regarding agriculture sector 1

Water deprivation

2

13.33

2

Erosion

3

20

3

New technique deprivation

4

26.66

4

Any other

6

40

5

Total

15

100

Table No.16 show that maximum of 40% use the equipment minimum of 13% use water deprivation. Figure-15 Water development of agricultural regarding agriculture sector 1st

2nd

3rd

4th

13%

40% 20%

27%

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Table No. 17 Pesticides ue in your farm Sl.No. Pesticides use in your farm

Frequency

Percentages

1

Profex

2

13.33

2

Relaxo

1

6.66

3

Pulsor

3

20

4

Monocil

4

26

5

Any other

5

33.33

6

Total

15

100

Table No.16 show that maximum of 33% use the equipment minimum of 7% use Relaxo. Figure-16 Pesticides use in your farm Profex, Relaxo, Pulsor, Monocil, Any other.

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

13% 34%

7%

20%

26%

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CHAPTER- 5 CONCLUSION The agricultural sector is of vital importance for the region. It is undergoing a process of transition to a market economy, with substantial changes in the social, legal, structural, productive and supply set-ups, as is the case with all other sectors of the economy. These changes have been accompanied by a decline in agricultural production for most countries, and have affected also the national seed supply sectors of the region. The region has had to face problems of food insecurity and some countries have needed food aid for IDPs and refugees. Due to the relatively low demographic pressure projected for the future, the presence of some favourable types of climates and other positive factors, including a very wide formal seed supply sector, it should be possible to overcome problems of food insecurity in the region as a whole, and even to use this region to provide food to other food-deficient regions. Opportunities must therefore be created to reach these results. In order to address the main constraints affecting the development of the national and regional seed supplies that are mentioned here, the region requires integrated efforts by all national and international stakeholders and institutions involved in seed supply and plant genetic resource management. On practical issues, lessons learned by some countries could be shared with other countries; e.g. on how to progress with the transition or how to recognize the most immediate needs of farmers. Appropriate policies should also be established, at various levels, in order to facilitate seed investment and development in the region

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CHAPTER -6 BIBLIOGRAPHY I would like to mention some Resources which proud to be haploid in making this presentation some them are follows: 1. www.google.com 2. www.wikipedia.com 3. Google images  A section of a written work containing citations not quotations to all the book referenced in the work.  A list of book or documents relevant to a particular subject or author.

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CHAPTER -7 APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRE NameAgeSexEducational QualificationNo. of family memberWealth statusFarming experience (in year)1. What types of agriculture equipment you used in previous year ? Sickle/Axe/Grabbing hoe/Pick/Any other. 2. What are you used agriculture equipment in now a day ? Tractor/JCB/Combine/ Winnowing/Any other. 3. What was your financial economic status in previous year ? low/medium/high 4. Do you have below economic status after using new agricultural equipment ? Yes/No 5. What is the benefit by using new agricultural technology ? low work/saving money/times saving/any other 6. What types of crops you used in previous years ? Basmati seed/Gold seed/Harisankar seed/Champa seed/ any other 7. What types of crops you are using now a day ? Maharaja/Puja/Samrat/Sarala/Any other

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8. What types of chemical you are used in previous ? Urea/Pataas/Groomer/Any other 9. What types of chemical you are using now a day ? Profen/Coragen/Accon/Queen/Any other 10.How you get the water for your agriculture field now a day ? pointer/sprinkler/drip system/water pump/any other 11.How you get water in agriculture land in previous year ? Tenda/well/janta/canal/any other 12.How get various types of crops ? society/panchayat/agriculture owner/any other 13.If you fall any problems of difficulties them when you give your complain? Agriculture Minister/Monitary Minister/Sarapancha/Any other 14.How you are know about new informate million regarding agriculture field ? Radio/Television/Village campaigning/any other 15.In previous year what was the cause that there was no such development regarding agriculture sector ? water deprivation/erosion/new technique deprivation/any other 16.What types of pesticides you used in your farm/field ? Profex/Relaxo/Polsor/Monocil/Any other.

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CONTENTS CHAPTER-1  Introduction CHAPTER -2  Objectives CHAPTER -3  Research Methodology CHAPTER -4  Result & Discussion CHAPTER- 5  Conclusion CHAPTER -6  Bibliography CHAPTER -7  Appendix

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