Environmental Pollution(nehru Garden, Jalandhar

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Presented By: Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School NEHRU GARDEN, JALANDHAR

Meaning of Environmental Pollution Environmental Pollution is a result of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, most is caused by human activities. Pollution has a dramatic effect on natural resources.

Types of Environmental Pollution 

Air Pollution

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Water Pollution

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Soil Pollution

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Solid Pollution

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Noise Pollution

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Thermal Pollution

AIR POLLUTION Air pollution, addition of harmful substances to the atmosphere resulting in damage to the environment, human health and quality of life. Air Pollution occurs in homes, offices, schools and even globally. Air Pollution makes people sick and harms plants, animals and the ecosystems in which they live. Air Pollutants return to the earth in the form of acid rain and snow which damages crops, forests, plants and animals etc.

WATER POLLUTION Water Pollution, contamination of streams, lakes, underground water, bays or oceans by substances harmful to living things. Water is necessary to life on earth. All organisms contain it; some live in it; some drink it. Plants and animals require water that is moderately pure, and they cannot survive if their water is loaded with harmful chemicals. Water pollution can kill large numbers of fish, birds and other animals. Pollution makes streams, lakes, and coastal waters unpleasant to look at, to smell, and to swim in. People who drink polluted water can become ill and children with birth defects.

Soil Pollution

Soil is a mixture of mineral, plant, and animal materials that forms during a long process that may take thousands of years. It is necessary for most plant growth and is essential for all agricultural production. Soil pollution is a buildup of toxic chemical compounds, salts or radioactive materials that can affect plant and animal life. Unhealthy soil management methods have seriously degraded soil quality, caused Soil Pollution. Treating the soil with chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and fungicides interferes with the natural processes occurring within the soil and destroys useful organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.

SOLID POLLUTION Solid Pollution are unwanted solid materials such as garbage, paper, plastics and other synthetic materials, metals, and wood. Billions of tons of solid waste are thrown out annually. Cities in economically developed countries produce far more solid waste per capita than those in developing countries. Moreover, waste from developed countries typically contains a high percentage of synthetic materials that take longer to decompose than the primarily biodegradable waste materials of developing countries.

NOISE POLLUTION Noise Pollution or Sound Pollution, exposure of people or animals to levels of sound that are annoying, stressful, or damaging to the ears. Although loud and frightening sounds are part of nature, only in recent centuries has much of the world become urban, industrial, and chronically noisy. Most noise pollution comes from machines, especially automobiles, trucks, and aircraft. Construction equipment, farm machines, and the din of machinery inside factories can be dangerously loud. Some home appliances, shop tools, lawnmowers, and leaf blowers can also be noisy, as are guns, firecrackers, and some toys. Even music, when played at very high volume, particularly through personal headphones, is as damaging to the ears as a roaring chain saw.

THERMAL POLLUTION Thermal Pollution, harmful increase in water temperature in streams, rivers, lakes, coastal ocean waters. Thermal pollution is caused by either dumping hot water from factories and power plants or removing trees that permitting sunlight to raise the temperature of these waters. Thermal pollution is widespread, affecting many lakes and vast numbers of streams and rivers. The major sources of thermal pollution are electric power plants and industrial factories. Cold waters are better habitat for plants and animals than warm ones because cold waters contain more dissolved oxygen.

IMPACTS OF POLLUTION •

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Pollution has mostly effected the human beings because human are at the top. Pollution also has a dramatic effect on natural resources like forests, wetlands, coral reefs, and rivers etc. Another major effect of pollution is the tremendous cost of pollution cleanup and prevention.

CONTROLLING OF POLLUTION 

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To control Air Pollution in United states the Clean Air Act 1970 was made in which Law requires that the air contain no more than specified levels of particulate matter, lead, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, ozone, and various toxic substances. To control Water Pollution in United States the Clean Water Act 1972 was passed In which Law This law initiated a national goal to end all pollution discharges into surface waters such as lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal waters. Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), passed in 1974 and amended in 1986 and 1996, the EPA sets standards for drinking water. all water drawn from surface water supplies must be filtered to remove Cryptosporidium bacteria by the year 2000

To control Soil Pollution the government has passed the rule that chemicals which are sprayed on the crops must be proved by the government so that there is no further damage to the soil. Best soil Management methods has been followed. 

 To control Solid Pollution the government Started the recycling program for solid wastes. Recycling also plays a significant, informal role in solid waste management for many Asian countries, such as India, where organized waste-pickers comb streets and dumps for items such as plastics, which they use or resell.  To control Noise Pollution In 1972 Congress passed a Noise Control Act establishing an Office of Noise Abatement and Control in the Environmental Protection Agency. The office conducted research, coordinated the work of other agencies, and directly set noise standards for trucks, motorcycles, air compressors, truck-mounted garbage compactors and railroads. In the industrialized nations, governments have laws and policies to counter noise pollution

To control Thermal Pollution the problem of industrial thermal pollution was first addressed in 1970, when Congress gave the Atomic Energy Commission authority to regulate thermal pollution from nuclear power plants. In 1972, the comprehensive Clean Water Act instructed the Environmental Protection Agency to issue regulations to clean up all hot water discharges from all power plants, nuclear or conventional. 