Environment And Management Of Natural Resources. Towards (2)

Environment and Infrastructure Division

Topicsheet

GENERAL TOPIC Section: Environment and management of natural resources

Sustainable management of natural resources Context

Approach

Natural resources are extremely im-

Resource management is closely

portant in securing livelihoods mostly

linked to poverty reduction. Especially

for the poorest people in rural areas.

forests and mineral resources, but al-

In many developing countries they are

so tourism, for example, can be im-

also significant to long-term national

portant sources of income for local

economic and social development.

people. Therefore ecological risks e.g. loss of biodiversity, climate change,

Despite the efforts of past decades,

water and air pollution, in the long

natural resources are still increas-

term also jeopardise economic and

ingly degrading due to ignorance and

social development.

poverty of users, who often have no alternatives, but also due to short-

Our approach is based on integrat-

term profit-maximising exploitation.

ing human beings and nature. We aim

Through our projects we try to reach

to improve political frameworks, es-

consensus between conservation ob-

tablish comprehensive perspectives

jectives and user needs. This cannot

for resource use and promote institu-

be accomplished only by laws and

tions and their know-how. We offer

regulations, because control mecha-

our services to enhance sustainable

of protected areas, conservation of

nisms don’t work in many of our part-

use and conservation of natural re-

biodiversity, collaborative manage-

ner countries. Hence favourable po-

sources on various political levels, for

ment)

litical, legal and institutional condi-

example in the following:

tions have to be put in place and re-

<

Beekeeping in the surroundings of the Pendjari National Park in Benin with improved bee hives

<

<

nature conservation (management

sustainable tourism (tourism and

Forests and sustainable develop-

economic development, tourism

source users sensitised to use their

ment (national forest programmes,

and nature conservation, social and

assets sustainably.

conservation of tropical forests,

ecological standards)

commissioned by:

forest policy dialogue, community

<

forest certification

forestry)

<

watershed management.

Villagers rely on a variety of forest products for local consumption

Harvesting of the bark of African cherry (Prunus africana) for medical purposes provides regular income for farmers around Mt. Fako in Cameroon

Impacts Our main methodologies and instruments are: <

<

developing market-oriented strate-

We support our partners in develop-

gies for long-term conservation of

ing countries, emerging nations and

Supporting negotiation procedures

natural resources and their environ-

countries in transition in conserving

involving all stakeholders to reach

mental functions.

and sustainably using their natural

agreements on responsibilities and implementation plans <

<

resources. We make an important Our work produces tangible results.

contribution to the eradication of pov-

building alliances across sectors to

We offer our service where it is need-

erty, food security and crisis preven-

adapt and improve political frame-

ed most, adapted to the specific situ-

tion. By improving people’s overall

works

ation, individual country and task. Our

living conditions we contribute to the

building capacities by improving

overall concept is led by the vision

achievement the Millennium Devel-

technical and social skills as well as

of sustainable development: socially

opment Goals and the Action Pro-

institutional structures

balanced, economically viable and

gramme 2015 of the Federal Republic

ecologically sustainable.

of Germany.

Traditional fishing in the Dzanga Sangha Forest Reserve in the Central African Republic

Land use planning in Mwange (Cameroon) with participatory methods

Imprint For further information & published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Department Environmental and Management of Natural Resources PO Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/umweltmanagement

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Status: 12/2005

Environment and Infrastructure Division

Topicsheet

Section: Environment and management of natural resources General Topic: Environmental policy and institutional development

National strategies for the environment Context The UN Conference on Environment

MDG+5 Summit in 2005. In Agenda

In addition to national strategies re-

and Development in Rio de Janeiro

21 and at the Johannesburg summit,

gional processes are becoming more

(1992) established sustainable devel-

the international community agreed

important to implement global envi-

opment as the globally recognised

to elaborate nssd and to commence

ronmental policy frameworks. Region-

guiding vision. It can only be achieved

their implementation by 2005. Most

al free trade zones, regional harmoni-

through long-term strategies that link

countries pursue one or the other

sation in and transboundry manage-

economic, social and ecological re-

strategic approach in steering their

ment of the environment be they wa-

quirements within an overarching ac-

overall or sectoral development, be it

ter, forests or desertification are of

tion framework. Such frameworks

nssd, PRSP, NFP or the like.

mounting importance.

might be called national strategies for sustainable development (nssd),

The increasing degradation of the

national agendas 21, poverty reduc-

natural resources, including the forest

tion strategy papers (PRSP) or MDG-

ecosystems, is causing severe and

based national strategies. They iden-

complex social, economic and eco-

GTZ through its technical advisors

tify a country’s key challenges and

logical problems. However, most na-

supports

focus its sectoral policies towards the

tional development policies address

strategies in many countries. We are

guiding vision of sustainable develop-

them insufficiently: PRSPs do not ad-

engaged in or active members of re-

ment. National Forest Programmes

equately integrate environmental con-

lated international cross-cutting and

(NFP) constitute an integral part of

cerns and sustainable development

thematic expert groups. We closely

nssd or PRSP.

strategies still lack political standing.

work together with other German im-

Activities and services national

environmental

plementing agencies, as well as other National level strategic approaches gained fresh momentum at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in 2002 and the

commissioned by:

donors.

Thematic focus <

<

Development and implementation

tral African Ministerial Conference

ingly regarded as an integral part of

of nssd, agendas 21 and regional

and Forest Law Enforcement, Gov-

national strategies (especially PRSP)

strategies in environment (e.g. in

ernance & Trade processes in Asia

and of the MDGs.

Tunisia, Caucasus

and Africa) We develop and apply consultancy

Increased coherence between sec-

products and services. We design

tor policies: With our support, part-

strategy workshop concenpts.

ner organisations increasingly inte-

We develop, design and apply con-

grate environment and natural re-

tainable development and forest

sultancy products and services like

sources related opinions from various

programmes

certain strategy workshop modera-

sectors thereby improving develop-

Communication in national environ-

tion (e.g. in the Caucasus) to sup-

ment policy coherence.

mental strategy processes (e.g. in

port partners in their sustainable

Algeria)

development strategies and NFP

Increased policy coherence be-

Greening poverty reduction strate-

and in greening PRSP.

tween countries: We build capacities

Strategic assessments for sustain-

<

able development (e.g. in Vietnam, Morocco) <

<

<

<

Incentives and financing for sus-

<

gies (e.g. in Benin)

for successful policy harmonisation

National forest programmes, forest

on the international level (e.g. in the

policy development, governance

Impacts

and promotion of participatory <

<

gional organisations facilitates the

approaches in forest policies

Higher awareness: Sustainable de-

integration of member countries’ en-

Strategy planning and action learn-

velopment and forestry issues get

vironmental policies and political

ing to raise individual competencies

more attention. Participants of ca-

solutions for conflicts, e.g. in the

for sustainable development (e.g.

pacity building programmes push

Congo Basin.

Tunisia, Caucasus).

forward sustainability and forest-

Services <

Amazon region). Our support of re-

related topics on the political agenda

Empowerment of civil society: Civil

and integrate them into local, re-

society and private sector increasingly

On a trans-national basis, we de-

gional and national development

participate in political decision-mak-

velop concepts for designing nssd

strategies. Some of the severest

ing, due to our support to the estab-

and related strategic processes

problems of the forest sector, like

lishment of multi-stakeholder dialogue

We promote the sustainable devel-

illegal logging, are increasingly dis-

processes. Outcomes often become

opment debate at international (e.g.

cussed at international level (e.g. the

important

OECD’s Development Assistance

FLEGT processes).

dialogue at international level (e.g. in

Committee and the Poverty Envi-

inputs

for

the

policy

Vietnam, Cambodia and Cameroon).

ronment Partnership) and regional

Mainstreaming environment: Envir-

levels (e.g. Organization of the Am-

onment as the ecological pillar of

azon Cooperation Treaty, the Cen-

sustainable development is increas-

Imprint For further information: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Pilot Project Rioplus Tulpenfeld 2 53113 Bonn, Germany Phone: +49 228 - 98 533 -0 Fax: +49 228 - 98 570 -18 [email protected] http://www.gtz.de/rioplus

Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Environment and Infrastructure Division PO Box 5180 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/

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Status: 12/2005

Environment and Infrastructure Division

Topicsheet

Section: Environment and management of natural resources General Topic: Cross-sectoral issue

Tourism and sustainable development Context

Approaches

According to the World Tourism Or-

Since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992

crease sustainability and long-term

ganization (WTO) in 2004 the global

tourism has been internationally rec-

possibilities for income generation

tourism revenue amounted to US$

ognised as a tool for environmental

within the region.

462 billion, with 16.2% accrued by

policy. This led to a proliferation of

developing countries. These figures

measures related to tourism and vari-

signify a high potential of tourism for

ous international declarations, e.g.

major aspects:

economic development and poverty

the “Charter for Sustainable Tourism”

<

reduction. But travelling, tourism in-

(UNESCO, Lanzarote, 1995), the

versity conservation (e.g. through

frastructure and inappropriate behav-

“Malé Declaration on Sustainable

financing of protected areas and

iour of tourists put pressure on the

Tourism Development” (1997) and the

sound environment in tourism des-

environment as well as on cultural

“Berlin Declaration” (1997) focused

and social systems. This can have ir-

on biological diversity and sustainable

reversible negative effects and in the

tourism.

GTZ promotes tourism under three Tourism as an instrument for biodi-

tinations) <

tourism as income opportunity in poor regions and countries with

end harm the tourism industry itself.

natural or cultural attractions (“pro

Therefore securing ecological sustain-

In 2004 the Seventh Meeting of the

ability and ensuring a process of self-

Conference of the Parties to the Con-

determined social change with partici-

vention on Biological Diversity (COP 7)

certified social, ecological and eco-

pation of local people has to go hand

adopted the “Guidelines for Biodi-

nomic standards.

in hand with tourism development.

versity and Tourism”. They constitute

market transparency with clear and

a framework of standards for ecologic-

GTZ pays special attention to the

ally sustainable tourism development.

integration of ecotourism and busi-

After the tsunami catastrophe, an

ness approaches. Our strategy is

action plan was developed by the

based on the three pillars of sustain-

WTO and the Pacific Asia Travel

ability: ecological sustainability, par-

Association (PATA) not only to remedy

ticipation and economic benefit.

incurred damages but also to incommissioned by:

poor tourism”) <

Impacts and projects GTZ projects on sustainable tourism

Tourism development projects contrib-

tourism industry contributes to fair

focus on the following areas: <

ute to successful local initiatives on

social conditions, employment oppor-

Regional and national tourism co-

community or SME (small and medium

tunities and better consideration of

operation and planning. Supporting

enterprise) levels. Better marketing of

environmental

e.g. nature conservation projects to

tourism products increases economic

projects contribute to the manage-

develop compatible tourism prod-

development and reduces poverty in

ment of protected areas through en-

ucts like trekking, photo and hunt-

rural areas. Cooperation with the main

trance fees and general publicity.

ing

safaris

or

research

international cooperation and marketing assistance contribute to business contacts and economic success of local community based tourism products

<

cooperation with hotels and resorts of mainstream tourism to improve social standards, local services, sound environmental management and cooperation with local small tourism offers

<

Tourism

pro-

grammes <

aspects.

contribution to the international dialogue on sustainable tourism as development motor, e.g. organising and participating in international tourism fairs.

Detailed information can be found under the following contacts of GTZ-assisted projects: Community-based tourism: < Ethiopia, ecotourism on the Wenchi crater lake: [email protected] < South Africa, tourism, resource management and rural development: [email protected] Nature conservation through tourism: < Benin, tourism and protected areas: www.gtz.de/de/weltweit/afrika/ benin/7838.htm; www.pendjari.net < Kyrgystan, Biosphere Reserve Issyk-Kol: [email protected] < Morocco, national strategy on nature conservation and tourism: [email protected] Local economic development: < Mongolia, capacity building: [email protected] < Dominican Republic, private sector and ecotourism: [email protected] < Romania, tourism development in the Apuseni region: [email protected] Global, national and regional tourism strategies: < Nicaragua, regional standards and marketing concepts: www.fodestur.org.ni < Madagascar, development and implementation of a national tourism master plan: [email protected] < Philippines, regional tourism master plan in the Siquijor province: [email protected] < Amazon Region, tourism and management of tropical forests: www.gtz-amazonia.org < Prespa and Ohrid lake region, biodiversity management & tourism: [email protected] < Sector project Tourism and Sustainable Development, Eschborn: www.gtz.de/tourismus

Imprint For further Information: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Tourism Project PO Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/tourismus

Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Environment and Infrastructure Division PO Box 5180 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/umweltmanagement

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Status: 12/2005

Environment and Infrastructure Division

Topicsheet

GENERAL TOPIC Section: Environment and management of natural resources

Advanced training in environment and development Context

Approach

Services

The GTZ sees capacity development

GTZ training activities integrate envi-

We offer training worldwide, espe-

as the process of strengthening the

ronment and development objectives.

cially in our partner countries. Our

abilities and capacities of individuals,

They offer the transfer of both techni-

clients and target groups comprise:

organisations and societies to make

cal knowledge in environmental policy

<

effective and efficient use of resourc-

and management of natural resources

es, in order to achieve their goals on

and the transfer of cross-cutting key

a sustainable basis. Training can be

competences to be able to design,

seen as a core dimension of capacity

manage and participate in interactive

building because changes in organi-

policy development and implementa-

sations and societies always depend

tion processes. The training approach

on the development of competences,

also helps to advance communication

skills and motivation of individuals.

and understanding among partici-

GTZ trainings are designed to em-

pants with different backgrounds and

power people to participate in politi-

perspectives.

cal, economic and social life to mo-

Counterparts of development cooperation projects and programs

<

community representatives and other stakeholders

<

national and international experts, consultants, NGOs and networks

<

members of research, environment and development organisations

<

private sector representatives. International and local trainers spe-

cialise in our high-quality training

dify the structures and processes in

In the context of our training

modules. In addition to our standard

environmental policy making and

activities we cooperate with other

modules we offer individual training to

management of natural resources

development cooperation agencies

be developed in cooperation with

geared towards sustainable develop-

from Germany, The Netherlands and

projects and counterparts. The dura-

ment and poverty reduction.

Great Britain and with international

tion of training is flexible and depend-

and national environmental and na-

ing on content and needs of the par-

ture protection agencies, research

ticipants can take from one day to

and training centres.

several weeks.

commissioned by:

Your advantages GTZ competences include:

<

Training packages, flexible and specific for different target groups

<

Years of international experience in advanced training

<

in environment and development <

Innovative and people-centred teaching and workshop methods

Comprehensive and up to date experiences in envi-

<

Cooperation with international and national institutions,

ronmental policy and natural resources management

NGOs and the local private sector to secure smooth

concepts and tools

implementation of training measures.

GTZ advanced training in environment and development at a glance The training modules cover the fol-

Implementation of international

lowing thematic fields:

environmental agreements: <

<

munities and industries

The international forest policy dia-

Environmental policy and

logue and its implementation within

institutional development:

national forest programmes

<

Environmental governance – from

<

incentives to policies <

Financing

sustainable

forest

management – instruments and <

Monitoring

and

evaluation

of

<

quality management in cities. Key competences for sustainable

action programmes to combat

development:

desertification

<

strategies

Chemical Safety - its implementa-

tems thinking, cooperation, com-

Management of plant genetic resour-

tion for a sustainable chemicals

munication

management

Sustainable management of

<

Convention on Biological Diversity – access and benefit sharing.

<

Stakeholder dialogues: analyse, design and facilitate complex partici-

Sustainable resource management

Urban-industrial environmental

and nature conservation – an inter-

management:

national overview

<

Development-oriented plant biotechnology

Negotiation skills for environmental actors

natural resources:

<

Sustainable development: understanding the overall concept, sys-

<

<

Sustainable urban transport and air

The International Convention on

<

ces – law and policy.

<

Solid waste management in com-

patory processes <

Chemicals management for small

strategies – more effectively come

and medium-sized enterprises <

Profitable environmental manage-

Communication for environmental up to agreed solutions.

<

Strategy development with big

Agrobiodiversity – management and

ment and resource efficiency for

groups: computer-based and par-

sustainable utilisation.

small to large enterprises

ticipatory moderation tools.

Imprint For further information & published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Department Environment and Management of Natural Resources PO Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/umweltmanagement

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Status: 12/2005

Environment and Infrastructure Division

Topicsheet

GENERAL TOPIC Section: Environment and management of natural resources

Managing the urban environment Context

Approach and methodologies

Cities are political, economic and cul-

GTZ focuses on strengthening the

GTZ advises clients and partner

turally vibrant places radiating into

capacities of municipal governments,

countries in developing decentralised

the countryside. And they attract an

which are usually most directly con-

decision-making processes that give

ever-climbing number of rural and ur-

cerned by the pressing environmental

municipalities and local governments

ban poor in search of better lives. The

problems in their jurisdictions. They

more say in designing and implement-

rapid economic and industrial mo-

lack the human and financial re-

ing their environmental protection.

mentums in cities and the growing

sources to tackle their challenges

Decentralising decision-making and

concentration of cheap labour in

effectively and sustainably. Financial

financing in environment matters is

poorer quarters raise enormous chal-

resources, technical expertise, ac-

key to German technical cooperation.

lenges to planning sustainable cities

cess to international partners, human

Especially the development of viable

with adequate waste disposal, enough

capacity are usually concentrated in

financing mechanisms for municipali-

potable water and a pollution-free

national ministries and other authori-

ties is at the core of GTZ consultancy.

environment for people to live in.

ties, who often tend to neglect the

This is often in the field of financing

However, a decline in the quality of

needs of municipalities. Especially

collection and disposal of solid waste

life is the reality in the cities of most

decision-making authority is usually

and the evacuation and treatment of

developing and industrialising coun-

concentrated in the capitals.

waste water.

tries. Infrastructure is degrading, pollution of air, soil and water is rising and pollution-related health problems are escalating, hitting the urban poor hardest. These trends will probably gain momentum, endanger the livelihood of many and add to mounting social unrest in sprawling urban agglomerations. commissioned by:

Services To develop capacities for effective

Providing adequate infrastructure

Developing appropriate pollution

urban environmental protection, GTZ

and funding for it.

abatement approaches.

offers services in key fields combining

GTZ provides consultancy in devel-

GTZ helps in planning adequate in-

consulting expertise with training and

oping low-cost infrastructure for envi-

dustrial zones to reduce pollution and

capacity development. These include:

ronmental protection, like the design

provide for minimum level of waste

of cost-effective landfills and water

treatment facilities and knowledge.

Strengthening municipal environ-

treatment facilities, as well as helping

Municipal administrators are trained

mental management capacities.

in developing financing mechanisms.

on the level of their planning instru-

Decentralising environmental man-

ments and their competencies to dia-

agement, giving the municipalities the

Raising public awareness in envi-

logue with the private sector and in-

capacities, the rights and ownership

ronmental management.

dustry in managing industrial zones.

as well as financial resources to man-

GTZ helps in raising public aware-

age their environments. The munici-

ness, for example for the collection of

pal administration is often a key part-

waste, the protection of recreation

ner in these projects. Enforcement of

areas and parks, helping to enhance

environmental norms and standards

citizen ownership of environmental

is also strengthened.

facilities.

Imprint For further information & Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Department Environment and Management of Natural Resources PO Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Phone: +49 6196 79-1320 Fax: +49 6196 79-7123 [email protected] www.gtz.de/umweltmanagement

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Status: 12/2005